Environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for non-smokers in Beijing

Indoor and Built Environment

Volumn 7, Issue 5-6, 1998, Pages 254-269

  Phillips, Keith ^a   Howard, David A ^a   Bentley, Mark C ^a   Alván, Gunnar ^b  

^a UK   (United Kingdom)

^b KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Air quality; Cigarette equivalents; Cotinine; Nicotine; Personal monitoring; Solanesol

Indexed keywords

NICOTIANA TABACUM;

EID: 0000030630     PISSN: 1420326X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1420326X9800700503     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Phillips K, Howard DA, Bentley MC, Alván G: Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures of non-smokers in Hong Kong using personal monitoring. Environ Int 1998;24:851-870.
2. Phillips K, Bentley MC, Howard DA, Alván G: Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for non-smokers in Kuala Lumpur using personal monitoring. J Exp Anal Environ Epidemiol, in press.
3. Phillips K, Howard DA, Bentley MC, Alván G: Assessment by personal monitoring of respirable suspended particles and environmental tobacco smoke exposure for non-smokers in Sydney, Australia. Indoor Built Environ 1998;7:188-203.
4. Phillips K, Bentley MC, Howard DA, Alván G: Assessment of air quality in Stockholm by personal monitoring of non-smokers for respirable suspended particles and environmental tobacco smoke. Scand J Work Environ Health 1996;22(suppl 1):1-24.
5. Phillips K, Bentley MC, Howard DA, Alván G, Huici A: Assessment of air quality in Barcelona by personal monitoring of non-smokers for respirable suspended particles and environmental tobacco smoke. Environ Int 1997;23:173-196.
6. Phillips K, Howard DA, Bentley MC, Alván G: Assessment of air quality in Turin by personal monitoring of non-smokers for respirable suspended particles and environmental tobacco smoke. Environ Int 1997;23:851-871.
7. Phillips K, Bentley MC, Howard DA, Alván G: Assessment of air quality in Paris by personal monitoring of non-smokers for respirable suspended particles and environmental tobacco smoke. Environ Int 1998;24:405-425.
8. Phillips K, Howard DA, Bentley MC, Alván G: Measured exposures by personal monitoring for respirable suspended particles and environmental tobacco smoke of housewives and office workers resident in Bremen, Germany. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1998;71:201-212.
9. Phillips K, Howard DA, Bentley MC, Alván G: Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for non-smokers in Lisbon by personal monitoring. Environ Int 1998;24:301-324.
10. Phillips K, Howard DA, Bentley MC, Alván G: Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for non-smokers in Basel by personal monitoring. Atmos Environ, in press.
11. Phillips K, Bentley MC, Howard DA, Alván G: Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for non-smokers in Prague by personal monitoring. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1998;24:379-390.
12. Heavner DL, Morgan WT, Ogden MW: Determination of volatile organic compounds and respirable particulate matter in New Jersey and Pennsylvania homes and workplaces. Environ Int 1996;22:159-183.
13. Jenkins RA, Palausky A, Counts RA, Bayne CK, Dindal AB, Guerin MW: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in sixteen cities in the United States as determined by personal breathing zone air sampling. J Exp Anal Environ Epidemiol 1996;6:473-502.
14. Sterling EM, Collett CW, Ross JA: Assessment of non-smokers' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke using personal-exposure and fixed-location monitoring. Indoor Built Environ 1996;5:112-125.
15. Baek SO, Kim YS, Perry R: Indoor air quality in homes, offices and restaurants in Korean urban areas - Indoor/outdoor relationships. Atmos Environ 1997;31:529-544.
16. Ogden MW, Heavner DL, Foster TL, Maiolo KC, Cash SL, Richardson JL, Martin P, Simmons PS, Conrad FW, Nelson PR: Personal monitoring system for measuring environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Environ Technol 1996;17:239-250.
17. Ogden MW, Maiolo KC, Oldaker GB, Conrad FW: Evaluation of methods for estimating the contribution of ETS to respirable suspended particles. International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Ottawa 1990. Indoor Air '90 1990;2:415-420.
18. Van Vunakis H, Gjika HB, Lagone JJ: Method 16 - Radioimmunoassay for nicotine and cotinine; in O'Neill IK, Brunnemann KD, Dodet B, Hoffman D (eds): Environmental Carcinogens: Methods of Analysis and Exposure Measurement. Lyon, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organisation, 1987, pp 317-330.
19. Ogden MW, Eudy JW, Heavner DL, Conrad FW, Green CR: Improved gas chromatographic determination of nicotine in environmental tobacco smoke. Analyst 1989;114:1005-1008.
20. Nelson PR, Conrad FW, Kelly SP, Maiolo KC, Richardson JD, Ogden MW: Composition of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) from international cigarettes and determination of ETS-RSP: Particulate marker ratios. Environ Int 1997;23:47-52.
21. Phillips K, Howard DA, Browne D, Lewsley JM: Assessment of personal exposures to environmental tobacco smoke in British non-smokers. Environ Int 1994;20:693-712.
22. Nelson PR, Heavner DL, Collie BB, Maiolo KC, Ogden MW: Effects of ventilation and sampling time on environmental tobacco smoke component ratios. Environ Sci Technol 1992;26:1909-I915.
23. Nelson PR, Heavner DL, Oldaker GB III: Problems with the use of nicotine as a predictive environmental tobacco smoke marker. Measurement of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants, Environmental Protection Agency/Air and Waste Management Association International Symposium. Pittsburgh, Air and Waste Management Association, 1990, pp 550-555.
24. Davies RF, Stiles MF, DeBethizy JD, Reynolds JH: Dietary nicotine: A source of urinary cotinine. Food Chem Toxicol 1991;29:821-827.
25. Cholerton S, Arpanahl A, McCracken N, Boustead C, Taber H, Johnstone E, Leathart J, Daly AK, Idle JR: Poor metabolisers of nicotine and CYP2D6 polymorphism. Lancet 1994;343:62-63.
26. Benowitz NL, Jacob P, Sachs DPL: Deficient C-oxidation of nicotine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995;57:590-594.
27. Bernert JT, Turner WE, Pirkle JL, Sosnoff CS, Akins JR, Waldrep MK, Ann Q, Covey TR, WhitfieId WE, Gunter EW, Miller BB, Patterson DG, Needham LL, Hannon WH, Sampson EJ: Development and validation of sensitive method for determination of serum cotinine in smokers and nonsmokers by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 1997;43:2281-2291.
28. Zartarian VG, Ott WR, Duan N: A quantitative definition of exposure and related concepts. J Exp Anal Environ Epidemiol 1997;7:411-437.
29. Ogden MW: Environmental tobacco smoke exposure of smokers relative to non-smokers. Anal Commun 1996;33:197-198.
30. Holcomb LC: Indoor air quality and environmental tobacco smoke: Concentration and exposure. Environ Int 1993;19:9-40.