Neurosarcoidosis

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Volumn 4, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 441-447

  Ullapalli, Dakshinamurty ^b   Phillips II, Lawrence H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; CHLORAMBUCIL; CHLOROQUINE; CLADRIBINE; CLOFAZIMINE; CORTICOSTEROID DERIVATIVE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOKINE; DAPSONE; DEXAMETHASONE; DOXYCYCLINE; ETANERCEPT; GAMMA INTERFERON; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 2; LYMPHOTOXIN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; METHOTREXATE; MINOCYCLINE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PREDNISONE; RAPAMYCIN; THALIDOMIDE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ASEPTIC MENINGITIS; BRAIN DISEASE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CLINICAL FEATURE; CRANIAL NEUROPATHY; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG PROTEIN BINDING; ENZYME INHIBITION; GASTROINTESTINAL TOXICITY; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; HEREDITY; HUMAN; HYDROCEPHALUS; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; INCIDENCE; MORBIDITY; MYCOBACTERIUM; MYOPATHY; NEUROENDOCRINE DISEASE; NEUROIMAGING; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; SARCOIDOSIS; SEIZURE; SOMNOLENCE; TERATOGENICITY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 9744282721     PISSN: 15284042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-004-0066-9     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Burns TM: Neurosarcoidosis. Arch Neurol 2003, 60:1166-1168.
2. Hunninghake GW, Costabel U, Ando, M, et al.: ATS Statement on sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999, 160:736-755.
3. Gullapalli D, Phillips LH: Neurologic manifestations of sarcoidosis. Neurol Clin 2002, 20:59-83.
4. Gullapalli D, Phillips LH: Neurosarcoidosis: pathogenesis, immunology and management. In Inflammatory Disorders of the Nervous System. Edited by Minagar A. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2004:In press
5. Hills SE, Parkes SA, Baker SB: Epidemiology of sarcoidosis in the Isle of Man-2: evidence for space-time clustering. Thorax 1987, 42:427-430.
6. Parkes SA, Baker SB, Bourdillon RE, et al.: Epidemiology of sarcoidosis in the Isle of Man-1: a case controlled study. Thorax 1987, 42:420-426.
7. Panayeas S, Theodorakopoulos P, Bouras A, et al.: Seasonal occurrence of sarcoidosis in Greece. Lancet 1991, 338:510-511.
8. Vinas FC, Rengachary S: Diagnosis and management of neurosarcoidosis. J Clin Neurosci 2001, 8:505-513.
9. Du Bois RM, Goh N, McGrath D, et al.: Is there a role for micro-organisms in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis?. J Int Med 2003, 253:4-17.
10. Baughman RP, Lower EE, du Bois RM: Sarcoidosis. Lancet 2003, 361:1111-1118.
11. Ziegenhagen MW, Muller-Quernheim J: The cytokine network in sarcoidosis and its clinical relevance. J Intern Med 2003, 253:18-30.
12. Muller-Quernheim J: Sarcoidosis: immunopathogenetic concepts and their clinical application. Eur Respir J 1998, 12:716-738.
13. Moller DR: Treatment of sarcoidosis - from a basic science point of view. J Int Med 2003, 253:31-40.
14. Pinkston P, Bitterman PB, Crystal RG: Spontaneuous release of interleukin-2 by lung T-lymphocytes in active pulmonary sarcoidosis. N Engl J Med 1983, 308:793-800.
15. Robinson BW, McLemore T, Crystal RG: Gamma-interferon is spontaneously released by alveolar macrophages and lung T-lymphocytes in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. J Clin Invest 1985, 75: 488-1495.
16. Baughman RP, Strohofer SA, Buchsbaum J, et al.: Release of tumor necrosis factor by alveolar macrophages of patients with sarcoidosis. J Lab Clin Med 1990, 115:36-42.
17. Kreipe H, Radzun HJ, Heidorn K et al.: Proliferation, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor-receptor expression of alveolar macrophages in active sarcoidosis. Lab Invest 1990, 62:697-703.
18. Morris DG, Jasmer RM, Huang L, et al.: Sarcoidosis following HIV infection: evidence for CD4+ lymphocyte dependence. Chest 2003, 124:929-935.
19. Muller-Quernheim J, Pfeifer S, Mannel D, et al.: Lung restricted activation of the alveolar macrophage/monocyte system in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992, 145 187-192.
20. Kim DS, Jeon YG, Shim TS, et al.: The value of interleukin-12 as an active marker of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2000, 17:271-276.
21. Ziegenhagen MW, Rothe ME, Schlaak M, et al.: Bronchoalveolar and serological parameters reflecting the severity of sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 2003, 21:407-413.
22. Planck A, Katchar K, Eklund A, et al.: T-lymphocyte activity in HLA-DR17 positive patients with active and clinically recovered sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2003, 20:110-117.
23. Mangiapan G, Hance AJ: Mycobacteria and sarcoidosis: an overview and summary of recent molecular biological data. Sarcoidosis 1995, 12:20-37.
24. Gal AA, Koss MN: The pathology of sarcoidosis. Curr Opion Pulm Med 2002, 8:445-451.
25. Delaney P: Neurological manifestations in sarcoidosis: review of the literature, with report of 23 cases. Ann Int Med 1977, 87:336-345.
26. Mirfakhraee M, Crofford MJ, Guinto FC, et al.: Virchow-Robin space: a path of spread in neurosarcoidosis. Radiology 1986, 158:715-720.
27. Nowak DA, Widenka DC: Neurosarcoidosis: a review of its intracranial manifestation. J Neurol 2001, 248:363-372.
28. Stjernberg N, Cajander S, Truedsson H: Muscle involvement in sarcoidosis. Acta Med Scand 1981, 209:213-216.
29. Krumholz A, Stern BJ: Neurological manifestations of sarcoidosis. In Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Systemic Diseases, Part III. Edited by Aminoff MJ, Goetz R. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science; 1998:463-499.
30. Chen RC, McLeod JG: Neurological complications of sarcoidosis. Clin Exp Neurol 1989, 26:99-112.
31. Stern BJ, Krumholz A, Johns C, et al.: Sarcoidosis and its neurological manifestations. Arch Neurol 1985, 42: 09-917.
32. Oksanen V: Neurosarcoidosis: clinical presentation and course in 50 patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1986, 73:283-290.
33. Chapelon C, Ziza JM, Piette JC, et al.: Neurosarcoidosis: Signs, course and treatment in 35 confirmed cases. Medicine 1990, 69:261-276.
34. Murialdo G, Tamagno G: Endocrine aspects of neurosarcoidosis. J Endocrin Invest 2002, 25:650-662.
35. Caplan L, Corbett J, Goodwin J, et al.: Neuro-ophthalmologic signs in the angiitic form of neurosarcoidosis. Neurology 1983, 33:1130-1135.
36. Zajicek JP, Scolding NJ, Foster O, et al.: Central nervous system sarcoidosis - diagnosis and management. Q J Med 1999, 92:103-117.
37. Hunninghake GW, Gilbert S, Pueringer R, et al.: Outcome of the treatment of sarcoidosis. Am J Resp Care Med 1994, 149:893-898.
38. Baughman RP, Lynch JP: Difficult treatment issues in sarcoidosis. J Intern Med 2003, 253:41-45.
39. Paramothayan S, Jones PW: Corticosteroid therapy in pulmonary sarcoidosis - a systematic review. JAMA 2002, 287: 301-1307.
40. Reich JM: Adverse long-term effect of corticosteroid therapy in recent-onset sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2003, 20:227-234.
41. Sharma OP: Neurosarcoidosis. A personal prospective based on the study of 37 patients. Chest 1997, 112:220-228.
42. Lower EE, Broderick JP, Brott TG, et al.: Diagnosis and management of neurological sarcoidosis. Arch Intern Med 1997, 157:1864-1868.
43. Stern BJ, Schonfeld SA, Sewell C, et al.: The treatment of neurosarcoidosis with cyclosporine. Arch Neurol 1992, 49:1065-1072.
44. Agobogu BN, Stern BJ, Sewell C: Therapeutic considerations in patients with refractory neurosarcoidosis. Arch Neurol 1995, 52:875-879.
45. Menninger MD, Amdur RJ, Marcus RB Jr: Role of radiotherapy in the treatment of neurosarcoidosis. Am J Clin Oncol 2003, 26:115-118.
46. Zabel P, Entzian P, Dalhoff K, et al.: Pentoxyfylline in treatment of sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997, 155:1665-1669.
47. Walter MC, Lochmuller H, Schlotter-Weigel B, et al.: Successful treatment of muscle sarcoidosis with thalidomide. Acta Myologica 2003, 22:22-25.
48. Serio RN: Infliximab treatment of sarcoidosis. Ann Pharmacother 2003, 37:577-581.
49. Pettersen JA, Zochodne DW, Bell RB, et al.: Refractory neurosarcoidosis responding to infliximab. Neurology 2002, 59:1660-1661.
50. Utz JP, Limper AH, Kalra S, et al.: Etanercept for the treatment of stage II and III progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis. Chest 2003, 124:177-185.
51. Kouba DJ, Mimouni D, Rencic A, et al.: Mycophenolate mofetil may serve as a steroid-sparing agent for sarcoidosis. Br J Derm 2003, 148:147-148.
52. Tikoo RK, Kupersmith MJ, Finlay JL: Treatment of refractory neurosarcoidosis with cladribine. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:1798-1799.