Constructions of apartheid in the international reception of the novels of J. M. Coetzee

Journal of Southern African Studies

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 287-301

  Barnett, Clive ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 9744257011     PISSN: 03057070     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/030570799108704     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. T. Morphet, 'Two Interviews with J. M. Coctzee, 1983 and 1987', in D. Bunn and J. Taylor (eds), From South Africa: Writing, Photography and Art (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1988).
2. L. Chrisman, 'Questioning Robert Young's Post-Colonial Criticism', Textual Practice, 11, 1 (1997), pp. 39-45.
3. R. Nixon, Homelands, Harlem and Hollywood: South African Culture and the World Beyond (London, Routledge, 1994), p. 78.
4. Nixon, Homelands, p. 94.
5. Nixon, Homelands, p. 204.
6. D. Attridge, 'Oppressive Silence: J. M. Coetzee's Foe and the Politics of the Canon', in K. R. Lawrence (ed), Decolonising Tradition: New Views of Twentieth-Century 'British' Literary Canons (Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1992), p. 216.
7. On the canonisation of 'third world' literary celebrities, sec T. Brennan, 'Cosmopolitans and Celebrities', Race and Class, 31, 1 (1989), pp. 1-19.
8. Nixon, Homelands, p. 205.
9. L. Nkosi, 'A Country of Borders', Southern African Review of Books (June/July 1990), pp. 19-20; and L. Nkosi, 'Constructing the "Cross-Border" Reader', in E. Bochmer, L. Chrisman and K. Parker (eds), Altered State? Writing and South Africa (Sydney, Dangaroo Press, 1994), pp. 37-50. For further considerations of the centrality of borders and boundaries as emblems of social differentiation in South African culture and politics, see J. A. Stotesbury, 'The Function of Borders in the Popular Novel in South Africa', English In Africa, 17, 2 (1990), pp. 71-89, and R. Thornton, 'The Potentials of Boundaries in South Africa: Steps Towards a Theory of the Social Edge', in R. Wcrbncr and T. Ranger (eds), Postcolonial Encounters in Africa (London, Zed Press, 1996), pp. 136-161.
10. L. Nkosi, 'A Country of Borders', Southern African Review of Books (June/July 1990), pp. 19-20; and L. Nkosi, 'Constructing the "Cross-Border" Reader', in E. Bochmer, L. Chrisman and K. Parker (eds), Altered State? Writing and South Africa (Sydney, Dangaroo Press, 1994), pp. 37-50. For further considerations of the centrality of borders and boundaries as emblems of social differentiation in South African culture and politics, see J. A. Stotesbury, 'The Function of Borders in the Popular Novel in South Africa', English In Africa, 17, 2 (1990), pp. 71-89, and R. Thornton, 'The Potentials of Boundaries in South Africa: Steps Towards a Theory of the Social Edge', in R. Wcrbncr and T. Ranger (eds), Postcolonial Encounters in Africa (London, Zed Press, 1996), pp. 136-161.
11. L. Nkosi, 'A Country of Borders', Southern African Review of Books (June/July 1990), pp. 19-20; and L. Nkosi, 'Constructing the "Cross-Border" Reader', in E. Bochmer, L. Chrisman and K. Parker (eds), Altered State? Writing and South Africa (Sydney, Dangaroo Press, 1994), pp. 37-50. For further considerations of the centrality of borders and boundaries as emblems of social differentiation in South African culture and politics, see J. A. Stotesbury, 'The Function of Borders in the Popular Novel in South Africa', English In Africa, 17, 2 (1990), pp. 71-89, and R. Thornton, 'The Potentials of Boundaries in South Africa: Steps Towards a Theory of the Social Edge', in R. Wcrbncr and T. Ranger (eds), Postcolonial Encounters in Africa (London, Zed Press, 1996), pp. 136-161.
12. L. Nkosi, 'A Country of Borders', Southern African Review of Books (June/July 1990), pp. 19-20; and L. Nkosi, 'Constructing the "Cross-Border" Reader', in E. Bochmer, L. Chrisman and K. Parker (eds), Altered State? Writing and South Africa (Sydney, Dangaroo Press, 1994), pp. 37-50. For further considerations of the centrality of borders and boundaries as emblems of social differentiation in South African culture and politics, see J. A. Stotesbury, 'The Function of Borders in the Popular Novel in South Africa', English In Africa, 17, 2 (1990), pp. 71-89, and R. Thornton, 'The Potentials of Boundaries in South Africa: Steps Towards a Theory of the Social Edge', in R. Wcrbncr and T. Ranger (eds), Postcolonial Encounters in Africa (London, Zed Press, 1996), pp. 136-161.
13. S. Clingman, The Novels of Nadine Gordimer (London, Allen and Unwin, 1986).
14. W. Ong, 'The Writer's Audience is Always a Fiction', Publications of the Modern Languages Association, 90,1 (1975), pp. 9-21.
15. L. Engle, 'Differences of Location', Southern African Review of Books (July/August 1995).
16. T. Bennett, 'Texts in History: the Determinations of Readings and their Texts', in D. Attridge, G. Bennington and R. Young (eds), Post-structuralism and the Question of History (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987), p. 70.
17. Attridge, 'Oppressive Silence'.
18. B. Parry, 'Speech and Silence in the Fiction of J. M. Coetzee', New Formations, 21 (1993), p. 19. For a discussion of Coctzee's fiction with respect to British literary awards, sec R. Todd, Consuming Fictions: the Booker Prize and Fiction in Britain Today (London, Bloomsbury, 1996).
19. B. Parry, 'Speech and Silence in the Fiction of J. M. Coetzee', New Formations, 21 (1993), p. 19. For a discussion of Coctzee's fiction with respect to British literary awards, sec R. Todd, Consuming Fictions: the Booker Prize and Fiction in Britain Today (London, Bloomsbury, 1996).
20. Nkosi, 'A Country of Borders', p. 20.
21. M. Berubé, Marginal Forces/Cultural Centers: Toison, Pynchon, and the Politics of the Canon (Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1992).
22. Coctzcc's first novel, Dusklands, was published in South Africa in 1974, but only published in Britain in 1982, and in the USA in 1985.
23. R. Harwood, 'An Astonishing First Novel', Sunday Times, 12 June 1977, p. 41.
24. B. Morrison, 'Veldschmerz', Times Literary Supplement, 22 July 1977, p. 900.
25. B. Levin, 'On the Edge of the Empire', Sunday Times, 23 November 1980, p. 44.
26. P. J. Parrinder, 'What his Father Got up to', London Review of Books, 13 September 1990, pp. 17-18.
27. Gordimer and Coetzee are routinely coupled in both academic and non-academic criticism, often being taken as exemplars for different models of principled literary opposition to apartheid. On this pattern of interpretation, see K. Hewson, 'Making the "Revolutionary Gesture": Nadine Gordimer, J. M. Coetzee and Some Variations on the writer's responsibility', Ariel, 19, 4 (1988), pp. 55-72; and I. Glenn, 'Nadine Gordimer, J. M. Coetzee, and the Politics of Interpretation', South Atlantic Quarterly, 93, 1 (1994), pp. 11-32.
28. Gordimer and Coetzee are routinely coupled in both academic and non-academic criticism, often being taken as exemplars for different models of principled literary opposition to apartheid. On this pattern of interpretation, see K. Hewson, 'Making the "Revolutionary Gesture": Nadine Gordimer, J. M. Coetzee and Some Variations on the writer's responsibility', Ariel, 19, 4 (1988), pp. 55-72; and I. Glenn, 'Nadine Gordimer, J. M. Coetzee, and the Politics of Interpretation', South Atlantic Quarterly, 93, 1 (1994), pp. 11-32.
29. G. Annan, 'Love and Death in South Africa', The New York Review of Books, 8 November 1990, pp. 8-10.
30. J. Kramer, 'In the Garrison', New York Review of Books, 1 December 1982, pp. 8-12.
31. I. Howe, 'A Stark Political Fable of South Africa', The New York Times Book Review, 18 April 1982, pp. 35-36.
32. Levin, 'On the Edge of the Empire'.
33. Ibid.
34. D. Donoghue, 'Her Man Friday', The New York Times Book Review, 22 February 1987, pp. 1 and 26-27.
35. See J. M. Coetzee, Giving Offense (Chicago, University of Chicago Press), p. 151; and B. Parry. 'Thanatophany for South Africa: Death With/out Transfiguration', Southern African Review of Books (January/February 1991), pp. 10-11.
36. See J. M. Coetzee, Giving Offense (Chicago, University of Chicago Press), p. 151; and B. Parry. 'Thanatophany for South Africa: Death With/out Transfiguration', Southern African Review of Books (January/February 1991), pp. 10-11.
37. N. Gordimer, 'The Idea of Gardening', The New York Review of Books, 2 February 1984, pp. 3-6.
38. A. R. JanMohamed, 'The Economy of Manichean Allegory: the Function of Racial Difference in Colonialist Literature', Critical Inquiry, 12 (1985), pp. 59-87.
39. S. Slemon, 'Post-Colonial Allegory and the Transformation of History', Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 22,1 (1988), pp. 157-168; sec also T. Dovey, 'Allegory vs Allegory: the Divorce of Different Modes of Allegorical Perception in Coctzce's "Waiting for the Barbarians"', Journal of Literary Studies, 4, 2, (1988), pp. 133-143.
40. S. Slemon, 'Post-Colonial Allegory and the Transformation of History', Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 22,1 (1988), pp. 157-168; sec also T. Dovey, 'Allegory vs Allegory: the Divorce of Different Modes of Allegorical Perception in Coctzce's "Waiting for the Barbarians"', Journal of Literary Studies, 4, 2, (1988), pp. 133-143.
41. P. N. Furbank, 'Mistress, Muse and Begetter', Times Literary Supplement, 12 September 1986, p. 995.
42. D. J. Enright, 'Visions and Revisions', The New York Review of Books, 28 May 1987, pp. 18-20.
43. Z. Zinik, 'The Master of Petersburg', Times Literary Supplement, 4 March 1994, p. 19.
44. Donoghue, 'Her Man Friday'.
45. P. McGrath, 'To be Conscious is to Suffer', The New York Times Book Keview, 20 November 1994, p. 9.
46. J. Bayley, 'Doubles', The New York Review of Books, 17 November 1994, pp. 35-36.
47. P. Lewis, 'Types of Tyranny', Times Literary Supplement, 7 November 1980, p. 1270.
48. P. Parrinder 'What his Father Gets up to', London Review of Books, 13 September 1990, pp. 17-18.
49. S. French, 'Writing and Action', New Statesman, 21 September 1990, p. 40.
50. Annan, 'Love and Death in South Africa'.
51. L. Thomton, 'Apartheid's Last Vicious Gasps', The New York Review of Books, September 1990, p. 7.
52. See T. Kai Norris Easton, 'Text and Hinterland: J. M. Coetzee and the South African Novel', Journal of Southern African Studies, 21, 4 (1995), pp. 585-599.
53. N. Lazarus, 'Modernism and Modernity: T. W. Adorno and Contemporary White South African Literature', Cultural Critique, 5 (1987), p. 131.
54. G. Peehcy, 'Introduction', in N. Ndebele, South African Literature and Culture: Rediscovery of the Ordinary (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1994), pp. 1-16; and G.Pechey, 'Post-Apartheid Narratives', in F. Barker, P. Hulme and M. Iverson (eds), Colonial Discourse/Postcolonial Theory (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1994), pp. 151-171.
55. G. Peehcy, 'Introduction', in N. Ndebele, South African Literature and Culture: Rediscovery of the Ordinary (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1994), pp. 1-16; and G.Pechey, 'Post-Apartheid Narratives', in F. Barker, P. Hulme and M. Iverson (eds), Colonial Discourse/Postcolonial Theory (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1994), pp. 151-171.
56. D. J. Enright, 'The Thing Itself', Times Literary Supplement, 30 September 1983, p. 1037.
57. Gordimer, 'The Idea of Gardening'.
58. D. A. N. Jones, 'Saint Jane', London Review of Books, 20 October 1983, pp. 17-18.
59. N. Shrimpton, Sunday Times, 25 September 1983, p. 43.
60. D. J. Taylor, 'Death of a Nation', Sunday Times, 16 September 1990.
61. Enright, 'The Thing Itself', and 'Visions and Revisions'.
62. C. Ozick, 'A Tale of Heroic Anonymity', The New York Times Book Review, 11 December 1983, pp. 1, 26, 28.
63. For example, M. Vaughan, 'Literature and Politics: Currents in South African Writing in the Seventies', Journal of South African Studies, 9 (1982), pp. 118-138.
64. J. M. Coetzee, 'A Note on Writing', in Doubling the Point, pp. 94-95; and 'The Novel Today', Upstream, 6(1988), pp. 2-5.
65. J. M. Coetzee, 'A Note on Writing', in Doubling the Point, pp. 94-95; and 'The Novel Today', Upstream, 6(1988), pp. 2-5.
66. Coetzee, Giving Offense.
67. See D. Atwell, J. M. Coetzee: South Africa and the Politics of Writing (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1993); and M. Chapman, 1996, South African Literatures (London, Longman, 1996), pp. 385-391.
68. See D. Atwell, J. M. Coetzee: South Africa and the Politics of Writing (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1993); and M. Chapman, 1996, South African Literatures (London, Longman, 1996), pp. 385-391.
69. B. Parry, 'Some Provisional Speculations on the Critique of "Resistance" Literature', in Boehmer, Chrisman and Parker (eds), Altered State?, pp. 11-24.
70. T. Dovcy, The Novels of J. M. Coetzee: Lacanian Allegories (Johannesburg, Ad Donker, 1998).
71. Sec T. Dovcy, 'Coetzee and his Critics: the case of Dusklands', English in Africa, 14, 2 (1987), pp. 15-30. For responses to Dovey's reading of Coetzee, see B. Parry, 'The Hole in the Narrative: Coetzee's Fiction', Southern African Review of Books, April/May 1989, pp. 18-20; M. Chapman 'The Writing of Politics and the Politics of Writing: on Reading Dovey on Reading Lacan on Reading Coetzee on Reading ...(?)', Journal of Literary Studies, 4,3 (1988), pp. 327-341.
72. Sec T. Dovcy, 'Coetzee and his Critics: the case of Dusklands', English in Africa, 14, 2 (1987), pp. 15-30. For responses to Dovey's reading of Coetzee, see B. Parry, 'The Hole in the Narrative: Coetzee's Fiction', Southern African Review of Books, April/May 1989, pp. 18-20; M. Chapman 'The Writing of Politics and the Politics of Writing: on Reading Dovey on Reading Lacan on Reading Coetzee on Reading ...(?)', Journal of Literary Studies, 4,3 (1988), pp. 327-341.
73. Sec T. Dovcy, 'Coetzee and his Critics: the case of Dusklands', English in Africa, 14, 2 (1987), pp. 15-30. For responses to Dovey's reading of Coetzee, see B. Parry, 'The Hole in the Narrative: Coetzee's Fiction', Southern African Review of Books, April/May 1989, pp. 18-20; M. Chapman 'The Writing of Politics and the Politics of Writing: on Reading Dovey on Reading Lacan on Reading Coetzee on Reading ...(?)', Journal of Literary Studies, 4,3 (1988), pp. 327-341.
74. See I. de Kok and K. Press (cds), Spring is Rebellious: Arguments about Cultural freedom (Cape Town, Buchu Books, 1990).
75. Atwell, J. M. Coetzee; and Atwell, 'The Problem of History in the Fiction of J. M. Coetzee', in M. Trump (ed), Rendering Things Visible: Essays on South African Literary Culture (Johannesburg, Ravan Press, 1990), pp. 94-132.
76. Atwell, J. M. Coetzee; and Atwell, 'The Problem of History in the Fiction of J. M. Coetzee', in M. Trump (ed), Rendering Things Visible: Essays on South African Literary Culture (Johannesburg, Ravan Press, 1990), pp. 94-132.
77. T. Morphet, 'Cultural Imagination and Cultural Settlement: Albie Sachs and Njabulo Ndebele', in de Kok and Press (eds), Spring is Rebellious, pp. 131-144.
78. For further discussion of the structure of exemplarity characteristic of all literary theory, see J. H. Miller, Topographies (Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1995), pp. 316-337.
79. S. Slemon, 'Unsettling the Empire: Resistance Theory for the Second World', World Literature Written in English, 30, 2(1990), pp. 30-41.
80. A. Carusi, 'Post, Post and Post: Or, Where is South African Literature in All This?' Ariel, 20, 4 (1989), pp. 79-95; K. Parker, 'J. M. Coetzee: "While Writing"', New Formations, 21 (1993), pp. 21-34; C. Clayton, 'White Writing and Postcolonial Polities', Ariel, 25, 4 (1994), pp. 153-167; R. Jolly, 'Rehearsals of Liberation: Contemporary Postcolonial Discourse and the New South Africa', Publications of the Modern Language Association, 110, 1 (1995), pp. 17-29; N. Visser, 'Postcoloniality of a Special Type: Theory and its Appropriation in South Africa', The Yearbook of English Studies, Vol. 27 (1997), pp. 79-94.
81. A. Carusi, 'Post, Post and Post: Or, Where is South African Literature in All This?' Ariel, 20, 4 (1989), pp. 79-95; K. Parker, 'J. M. Coetzee: "While Writing"', New Formations, 21 (1993), pp. 21-34; C. Clayton, 'White Writing and Postcolonial Polities', Ariel, 25, 4 (1994), pp. 153-167; R. Jolly, 'Rehearsals of Liberation: Contemporary Postcolonial Discourse and the New South Africa', Publications of the Modern Language Association, 110, 1 (1995), pp. 17-29; N. Visser, 'Postcoloniality of a Special Type: Theory and its Appropriation in South Africa', The Yearbook of English Studies, Vol. 27 (1997), pp. 79-94.
82. A. Carusi, 'Post, Post and Post: Or, Where is South African Literature in All This?' Ariel, 20, 4 (1989), pp. 79-95; K. Parker, 'J. M. Coetzee: "While Writing"', New Formations, 21 (1993), pp. 21-34; C. Clayton, 'White Writing and Postcolonial Polities', Ariel, 25, 4 (1994), pp. 153-167; R. Jolly, 'Rehearsals of Liberation: Contemporary Postcolonial Discourse and the New South Africa', Publications of the Modern Language Association, 110, 1 (1995), pp. 17-29; N. Visser, 'Postcoloniality of a Special Type: Theory and its Appropriation in South Africa', The Yearbook of English Studies, Vol. 27 (1997), pp. 79-94.
83. A. Carusi, 'Post, Post and Post: Or, Where is South African Literature in All This?' Ariel, 20, 4 (1989), pp. 79-95; K. Parker, 'J. M. Coetzee: "While Writing"', New Formations, 21 (1993), pp. 21-34; C. Clayton, 'White Writing and Postcolonial Polities', Ariel, 25, 4 (1994), pp. 153-167; R. Jolly, 'Rehearsals of Liberation: Contemporary Postcolonial Discourse and the New South Africa', Publications of the Modern Language Association, 110, 1 (1995), pp. 17-29; N. Visser, 'Postcoloniality of a Special Type: Theory and its Appropriation in South Africa', The Yearbook of English Studies, Vol. 27 (1997), pp. 79-94.
84. A. Carusi, 'Post, Post and Post: Or, Where is South African Literature in All This?' Ariel, 20, 4 (1989), pp. 79-95; K. Parker, 'J. M. Coetzee: "While Writing"', New Formations, 21 (1993), pp. 21-34; C. Clayton, 'White Writing and Postcolonial Polities', Ariel, 25, 4 (1994), pp. 153-167; R. Jolly, 'Rehearsals of Liberation: Contemporary Postcolonial Discourse and the New South Africa', Publications of the Modern Language Association, 110, 1 (1995), pp. 17-29; N. Visser, 'Postcoloniality of a Special Type: Theory and its Appropriation in South Africa', The Yearbook of English Studies, Vol. 27 (1997), pp. 79-94.
85. For example, see J. Thieme (cd), The Arnold Anthology of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Arnold, 1996); and E. Benson and L. W. Connolly (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Roulledge, 1994). For the use of Coetzee's work in theorising post-colonial literature, see H. Tiffin, 'Post-Colonial Literatures and Counter-Discourse', Kunapipi, 9,3 (1987), pp. 17-33; and B. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H. Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literature (London, Routledge, 1989).
86. For example, see J. Thieme (cd), The Arnold Anthology of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Arnold, 1996); and E. Benson and L. W. Connolly (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Roulledge, 1994). For the use of Coetzee's work in theorising post-colonial literature, see H. Tiffin, 'Post-Colonial Literatures and Counter-Discourse', Kunapipi, 9,3 (1987), pp. 17-33; and B. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H. Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literature (London, Routledge, 1989).
87. For example, see J. Thieme (cd), The Arnold Anthology of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Arnold, 1996); and E. Benson and L. W. Connolly (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Roulledge, 1994). For the use of Coetzee's work in theorising post-colonial literature, see H. Tiffin, 'Post-Colonial Literatures and Counter-Discourse', Kunapipi, 9,3 (1987), pp. 17-33; and B. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H. Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literature (London, Routledge, 1989).
88. For example, see J. Thieme (cd), The Arnold Anthology of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Arnold, 1996); and E. Benson and L. W. Connolly (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English (London, Roulledge, 1994). For the use of Coetzee's work in theorising post-colonial literature, see H. Tiffin, 'Post-Colonial Literatures and Counter-Discourse', Kunapipi, 9,3 (1987), pp. 17-33; and B. Ashcroft, G. Griffiths and H. Tiffin, The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literature (London, Routledge, 1989).
89. E. Boehmer, Colonial and Postcolonial Literature (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 223.
90. Sec Atwell's comments in Coetzee, Doubling the Point, p. 245.
91. G. C. Spivak, 'Theory in the Margin: Coetzee's Foe Reading Defoe's Crusoe/Roxana', in J. Arac and B. Johnson (eds), Consequences of Theory (Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991), pp. 154-180.
92. G. C. Spivak, 'Can the Subaltern Speak?', in C. Nelson and L. Grossberg (eds), Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (London, Macmillan, 1988), pp. 271-313; Parry, 'Speech and Silence in the Fictions of J. M. Coetzee'. For further discussion of theoretical issues at stake in the differing positions of Spivak and Parry with respect to Coetzee's fiction, see C. Barnett, 'Sing Along with the Common People: Politics, Postcolonialism and Other Figures', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 15 (1997), pp. 137-154.
93. G. C. Spivak, 'Can the Subaltern Speak?', in C. Nelson and L. Grossberg (eds), Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (London, Macmillan, 1988), pp. 271-313; Parry, 'Speech and Silence in the Fictions of J. M. Coetzee'. For further discussion of theoretical issues at stake in the differing positions of Spivak and Parry with respect to Coetzee's fiction, see C. Barnett, 'Sing Along with the Common People: Politics, Postcolonialism and Other Figures', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 15 (1997), pp. 137-154.
94. G. C. Spivak, 'Can the Subaltern Speak?', in C. Nelson and L. Grossberg (eds), Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (London, Macmillan, 1988), pp. 271-313; Parry, 'Speech and Silence in the Fictions of J. M. Coetzee'. For further discussion of theoretical issues at stake in the differing positions of Spivak and Parry with respect to Coetzee's fiction, see C. Barnett, 'Sing Along with the Common People: Politics, Postcolonialism and Other Figures', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 15 (1997), pp. 137-154.
95. Atwell, J. M. Coetzee, p. 25.
96. For examples, see S. Watson, 'Colonialism and the Novels of J. M. Coetzce', Research in African Literatures, 17 (1986), pp. 370-392; and S. Roberts, 'Post-Colonialism, or the House of Friday', World Literature Written in English, 31, 1 (1991), pp. 87-92.
97. For examples, see S. Watson, 'Colonialism and the Novels of J. M. Coetzce', Research in African Literatures, 17 (1986), pp. 370-392; and S. Roberts, 'Post-Colonialism, or the House of Friday', World Literature Written in English, 31, 1 (1991), pp. 87-92.
98. S. Slemon, 'The Scramble for Post-Colonialism', in C. Tiffin and A. Lawson (eds), De-Scribing Empire: Post-colonialism and Textuality (London, Routledge, 1994), pp. 15-32.
99. For a critique of the 'colonialist paradigm' of oppression in cultural theory, see H. L. Gates, Jr., 'Trading on the Margin: Notes on the Culture of Criticism', in Loose Canons (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1992), pp. 173-194.
100. On the distinctive qualities of reviewing and criticism, see M. Morris, 'Indigestion: a Rhetoric of Reviewing', in The Pirate's Fiancée (London, Verso, 1988), pp. 105-121.