Preconditioning of winter mixed layer in the formation of North Pacific eastern subtropical mode water

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 31, Issue 17, 2004, Pages

  Toyoda, Takahiro ^a   Awaji, Toshiyuki ^a   Ishikawa, Yoichi ^a   Nakamura, Tomohiro ^a  

^a KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

4255 Oceanography: General: Numerical modeling; 4279 Oceanography: General: Upwelling and convergences; 4283 Oceanography: General: Water masses; 4504 Oceanography: Physical: Air sea interactions (0312); 4572 Oceanography: Physical: Upper ocean processes

Indexed keywords

CLOUD CHAMBERS; CONVERGENCE OF NUMERICAL METHODS; FLUXES; HEATING; INDUCTION HEATING; SODIUM CHLORIDE; OCEANOGRAPHY;

AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS; SALTIER WATER; WINTER MIXED LAYER;

WATER; TROPICS;

MODE WATER; OCEANIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; WATER MASS;

OCEANIC REGIONS; PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (NORTH); WORLD;

AIR SEA INTERACTIONS; MIXED LAYER DEEPENING; NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN; NORTHEAST PACIFIC BASIN; OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS; SUBTROPICAL MODE WATERS; WATER MASS DISTRIBUTIONS; WINTER MIXED LAYERS;

EID: 9744224277     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004GL020677     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Conkright, M., S. Levitus, T. O'Brien, T. Boyer, J. Antonov, and C. Stephens (1998), World Ocean Atlas 1998, Data set documentation, Tech. Rep. 15 [CD-ROM], 16 pp., Natl. Oceanic and Atmos. Admin., Silver Spring, Md.
2. Gent, P. R., and J. C. McWilliams (1990), Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 150-155.
3. Hasumi, H., and N. Suginohara (1999), Sensitivity of a global ocean general circulation model to tracer advection schemes, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 2730-2740.
4. Hautala, S. L., and D. H. Roemmich (1998), Subtropical mode water in the northeast Pacific Basin, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,055-13,066.
5. Hautala, S. L., D. H. Roemmich, and W. J. Schmitz Jr. (1994), Is the North Pacific in Sverdrup balance along 24°N?, J. Geophys. Res., 99 16,041-16,052.
6. Hosoda, S., S. P. Xie, K. Takeuchi, and M. Nonaka (2001), Eastern North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water in a general circulation model: Formation mechanism and salinity effects, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 19,671-19,681.
7. Huang, R. X., and B. Qiu (1994), 3-dimensional structure of the wind-driven circulation in the subtropical North Pacific, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1608-1622.
8. Ikeda, M. (1989), Snow cover detected by diurnal warning of sea ice/snow surface off Labrador in NOAA imagery, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 27, 552-560.
9. Kubokawa, A., and M. Nagakura (2002), Linear planetary wave dynamics in a 2.5-layer'ventilated thermocline model, J. Mar. Res., 60, 367-404.
10. Ladd, C., and L. Thompson (2000), Formation mechanisms for North Pacific central and eastern subtropical mode waters, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30 868-887.
11. Ladd, C., and L. Thompson (2001), Water mass formation in an isopycnal model of the North Pacific, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 1517-1537.
12. Masuzawa, J. (1969), Subtropical mode water, Deep Sea Res. Oeeanogr. Abstr, 16, 463-472.
13. Nakamura, T., T. Toyoda, Y. Ishikawa, and T. Awaji (2004), Tidal mixing in the Kuril Straits and its impact on ventilation in the North Pacific Ocean, J. Oceanogr., 60, 411-423.
14. Noh, Y., and H. J. Kim (1999), Simulations of temperature and turbulence structure of the oceanic boundary layer with the improved near-surface process, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 15,621-15,634.
15. Philander, S. G. H., D. Gu, D. Halpern, G. Lambert, N. C. Lau, T. Li, and R. C. Pacanowski (1996), Why the ITCZ is mostly north of the equator, J. Clim., 9, 2958-2972.
16. Redi, M. H. (1982), Oceanic isopycnal mixing by coordinate rotation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1154-1158.
17. Röske, F. (2001), An atlas of isurface fluxes based on the ECMWF re-analysis: A climatological ,dataset of force global ocean general circulation models, Rep. 323, 26 pp., Max-Planck-Inst. für Meteorol., Hamburg, Germany.
18. Suga, T., Y. Takei, and K. Hanawa (1997), Thermostad distribution in the North Pacific subtropical gyre: The central mode water and the subtropical mode water, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 140-152.
19. Sverdrup, H. U., M. W. Johnson, and R. H. Fleming (1942), The Oceans: Their Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology, 1049 pp., Prentice-Hall, Old Tappan, N. J.
20. Talley, L. D. (1988), Potential vorticity distribution in the North Pacific, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 89-106.
21. Wong, A. P. S., and G. C. Johnson (2003), South Pacific Eastern Subtropical Mode Water, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 33, 1493-1509.
22. Worthington, L. V. (1959), The 18°C water in the Sargasso Sea, Deep Sea Res., 5, 297-305.