Herpes zoster virus infection

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

Volumn 15, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 531-536

  Liesegang, Thomas J ^a,b  

^a MAYO CLINIC COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Corneal plaques; Herpes zoster (HZ); Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO); Herpetic retinitis; Therapy herpes zoster; Uveitis; Varicella zoster virus (VZV); VZV vaccine

Indexed keywords

ACICLOVIR; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; CORTICOSTEROID; FAMCICLOVIR; FOSCARNET; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; INTERFERON; PENCICLOVIR; SORIVUDINE; VALACICLOVIR; VARICELLA ZOSTER VACCINE; VIDARABINE;

AGE; CORNEA; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG HALF LIFE; EYE DISEASE; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS; HERPES ZOSTER OPHTHALMICUS; HUMAN; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; IMMUNE STATUS; IRIS ATROPHY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERSISTENT VIRUS INFECTION; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; RASH; RETINA DISEASE; RETINITIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SYSTEMIC THERAPY; UVEITIS; VACCINATION; VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS; VIROLOGY; VIRUS INFECTION; VIRUS SHEDDING;

ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; CORNEA; HERPES ZOSTER; HERPES ZOSTER OPHTHALMICUS; HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN; HERPESVIRUS VACCINES; HUMANS; RETINAL DISEASES; RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; UVEITIS;

EID: 9444297293     PISSN: 10408738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.icu.0000143686.68103.46     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Zaal MJ, Volker-Dieben HJ, D'Amaro J: Prognostic value of Hutchinson's sign in acute herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2003, 241:187-191. This study confirms the predictive value of Hutchinson's sign in determining the likelihood of ocular complications.
2. Buchbinder SP, Katz MH, Hessol NA, et al.: Herpes zoster and human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Infect Dis 1992, 166:1153-1156.
3. Vafai A, Berger M: Zoster in patients infected with HIV: a review. Am J Med Sci 2001, 321:372-380.
4. Zaal MJ, Volker-Dieben HJ, Wienesen M, et al.: Longitudinal analysis of varicella-zoster virus DNA on the ocular surface associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Am J Ophthalmol 2001, 131:25-29.
5. Pavan-Langston D, Yamamoto S, Dunkel EC: Delayed herpes zoster pseudodendrites, Polymerase chain reaction detection of viral DNA and a role for antiviral therapy. Arch Ophthalmol 1995, 113:1381-1385.
6. Chern KC, Conrad D, Holland GN, et al.: Chronic varicella-zoster virus epithelial keratitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 1998, 116:1011-1017.
7. Al-Muammar A, Jackson WB: Management of ophthalmic zoster mucous plaque keratopathy: report of three cases. Can J Ophthalmol 2004, 39:74-76. Corneal mucous plaques may have a different etiology than suspected and may respond to a combination of topical and systemic antiviral therapy.
8. Van der Lelij A, Ooijman FM, Kijlstra A, Rothova A: Anterior uveitts with sectoral iris atrophy in the absence of keratitis: a distinct clinical entity among herpetic eye diseases. Ophthalmology 2000, 107:1164-1170.
9. Thean JH, Hall AJ, Stawell RJ: Uveitis in Herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2001, 29:406-410.
10. Kezuka T, Sakai J, Minoda H, et al.: A relationship between varicella-zoster virus-specific delayed hypersensitivity and varicella-zoster virus-induced anterior uveitis. Arch Ophthalmol 2002, 120:1183-1188.
11. Miserocchi E, Waheed NK, Dios E, et al.: Visual outcome in herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus uveitis: a clinical evaluation and comparison. Ophthalmology 2002, 109:1532-1537.
12. Ganatra JB, Chandler D, Santos C, et al.: Viral causes of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2000, 129:166-172.
13. Ramsay A, Young S, Lightman S: Failure of antiretroviral therapy to control Varicella zoster retinitis. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2001, 29:433-434.
14. Engstrom RE Jr, Holland GN, Margolis TP, et al.: The progressive outer retinal necrosis syndrome. A variant of necrotizing herpetic retinopathy in patients with AIDS. Ophthalmology 1994, 101:1488-1502.
15. Purdy KW, Heckenlively JR, Church JA, Keller MA: Progressive outer retinal necrosis caused by varicella-zoster virus in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003, 22:384-386. Three HIV-infected children had severe PORN that responded to very aggressive antiviral and surgical therapy. This holds hope for a better prognosis in others with PORN.
16. Scott IU, Luu KM, Davis JL: Intravitreal antivirals in the management of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with progressive outer retinal necrosis. Arch Ophthalmol 2002, 120:1219-1222.
17. Ormerod LD, Larkin JA, Margo CA, et al.: Rapidly progressive herpetic retinal necrosis: a blinding disease characteristic of advanced AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 1998, 26:34-45.
18. Severson EA, Baratz KH, Hodge DO, Burke JP: Herpes zoster ophthalmicus in Olmsted County, Minnesota: have systemic antivirals made a difference? Arch Ophthalmol 2003, 121:386-390. This study reviewed the clinical course of HZO in patients before and after acyclovir availability. It demonstrated the value of early treatment with acyclovir and the reduction in the ocular complications with acyclovir.
19. Gnann JW Jr, Whitley RJ: Clinical practice. Herpes zoster. N Engl J Med 2002, 347:340-346.
20. Colin J, Prisant O, Cochener B, et al.: Comparison of the efficacy and safety of valaciclovir and acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Ophthalmology 2000, 107:1507-1511.
21. Tyring S, Engst R, Corriveau C, et al.: Collaborative Famciclovir Ophthalmic Zoster Research Group. Famciclovir for ophthalmic zoster: a randomised aciclovir controlled study. Br J Ophthalmol 2001, 85:576-581.
22. Shafran SD, Tyring SK, Ashton R, et al.: Once, twice, or three times daily famciclovir compared with aciclovir for the oral treatment of herpes zoster in immunocompetent adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind clinical trial. J Clin Virol 2004, 29:248-253. Famvir at 750 qd was just as effective as current approved antiviral regimens in the healing time of cutaneous lesions of herpes zoster. This may mean a simpler dosing regimen but has not yet been studied for HZO.
23. Wood MJ, Johnson RW, McKendrick MW, et al.: A randomized trial of acyclovir for 7 days or 21 days with and without prednisolone for treatment of acute herpes zoster. N Engl J Med 1994, 330:896-900.
24. Whitley RJ, Weiss H, Gnann JW Jr, et al.: Acyclovir with and without prednisone for the treatment of herpes zoster. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Collaborative Antiviral Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1996, 125:376-383.
25. Liang MG, Heidelberg KA, Jacobson RM, McEvoy MT: Herpes zoster after varicella immunization. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998, 38:761-763.
26. Vazquez M: Varicella zoster virus infections in children after the introduction of live attenuated varicella vaccine. Curr Opin Pediatr 2004, 16:80-84. Immunization with varicella vaccine is successful in reducing the burden of disease in children. There are reports of outbreaks of chickenpox in highly immunized groups and therefore changes to the current vaccination policy might be anticipated.
27. Gross G, Schofer H, Wassilew S, et al.: Herpes zoster guideline of the German Dermatology Society (DDG). J Clin Virol 2003, 26:277-289. The German Dermatology Society has released updated guidelines on the management of herpes zoster. These provide thoughtful answers to many questions about the epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of specific aspects of VZV disease.