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This article is the result of research conducted by the Assistance to Mine-Affected Communities (AMAC) project at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) AMAC acknowledges the financial support of the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade and the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. We also wish to acknowledge the cooperation of mine action agencies and staff, and the generosity and willingness of mine-affected populations in assisting with our inquiries
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This article is the result of research conducted by the Assistance to Mine-Affected Communities (AMAC) project at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) (http://www.prio.no/amac). AMAC acknowledges the financial support of the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade and the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. We also wish to acknowledge the cooperation of mine action agencies and staff, and the generosity and willingness of mine-affected populations in assisting with our inquiries.
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The combination of methods in order to profit from the strengths and weaknesses of each is often called triangulation. For a good overview of methodological triangulation, see London: Sage ch 2
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The combination of methods in order to profit from the strengths and weaknesses of each is often called triangulation. For a good overview of methodological triangulation, see H Arksey & P Knight, Interviewing for Social Scientists, London: Sage, 1999, ch 2.
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The dichotomy between emergency and development has been heavily criticised, both for blurring the extent to which emergency and development priorities need to be pursued simultaneously, and for being cemented in institutional and funding structures in aid. See, for example
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The dichotomy between emergency and development has been heavily criticised, both for blurring the extent to which emergency and development priorities need to be pursued simultaneously, and for being cemented in institutional and funding structures in aid. See, for example, P Sollis, 'The relief-development continuum: Some notes on rethinking assistance to civilian victims of conflict'. Journal of International Affairs, 47 (2), 1994 pp 451-471.
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See, for example, A Simanowitz, 'From event to process: Current trends in microfinance impact assessment', Imp-Act Guidelines, Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, 2002, at http://www.Imp-Act.org.
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Harpviken, K.B.1
Millard, A.S.2
Kjellman, K.E.3
Strand, A.4
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20
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0005838355
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Chitui was one among a handful of communities where we had access to both LIS data and a community study report. The economic approach does not depend on a particular mode of data gathering, as long as sensible figures exist for agricultural land affected by mines. For the full community study, see PRIO Report 1/2001, Oslo: PRIO
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Chitui was one among a handful of communities where we had access to both LIS data and a community study report. The economic approach does not depend on a particular mode of data gathering, as long as sensible figures exist for agricultural land affected by mines. For the full community study, see A S Millard & K B Harpviken, Community Studies in Practice: Implementing a New Approach to Landmine Impact Assessment with Illustrations from Mozambique, PRIO Report 1/2001, Oslo: PRIO, 2001, pp 43-46.
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Community Studies in Practice: Implementing a New Approach to Landmine Impact Assessment With Illustrations from Mozambique
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Millard, A.S.1
Harpviken, K.B.2
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'International Mine Action Standards (IMAS)'
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United Nations Mine Action Services (UNMAS) New York: UNMAS (cited 15 March 2003), at
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Combining the Yemen findings with similar distributions from surveys in Chad, Mozambique and Thailand, SAC has suggested that as few as 10% of the affected communities are high impact, 25% are medium impact, while the remaining 65% are low impact, which has huge implications for the realism of eliminating the threat of landmines by 2010. See paper presented to the conference on 'The Future of Humanitarian Mine Action', Oslo, 13 September
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Combining the Yemen findings with similar distributions from surveys in Chad, Mozambique and Thailand, SAC has suggested that as few as 10% of the affected communities are high impact, 25% are medium impact, while the remaining 65% are low impact, which has huge implications for the realism of eliminating the threat of landmines by 2010. See B Eaton, 'The Global Landmine Impact Survey: Application of a new knowledge base', paper presented to the conference on 'The Future of Humanitarian Mine Action', Oslo, 13 September 2002.
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Eaton, B.1
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This illustrates the more general point that the us is designed to inform not only de-mining but also a broader range of HMA activities, including mine awareness. See
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This illustrates the more general point that the us is designed to inform not only de-mining but also a broader range of HMA activities, including mine awareness. See J Brady, 'The utilization of Level One survey data for mine awareness'. Journal of Mine Action, 4 (3), 2000, pp 54-56.
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The Norwegian company Scanteam is in charge of the evaluation
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At the time of writing, an evaluation of SAC and the LIS approach is underway, and is due to be completed by the end of 2003. Survey Action Centre, May at accessed 21 July 2003
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At the time of writing, an evaluation of SAC and the LIS approach is underway, and is due to be completed by the end of 2003. The Norwegian company Scanteam is in charge of the evaluation. Survey Action Centre, Newsletter, 5 (2), May 2003, at http://www.sac-na.org/newsletter/ Vo12_No5_May2003/Vol2_No5_03_06_04.html, accessed 21 July 2003.
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The first version of the report was launched in October 1998; a revised and expanded version came in December 1999. Mine Clearance Planning Agency Islamabad: MACA
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The first version of the report was launched in October 1998; a revised and expanded version came in December 1999. Mine Clearance Planning Agency, 'Socio-economic impact study of mine action operations in Afghanistan: Interim report', Islamabad: MACA, 1998
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Mine Clearance Planning Agency Islamabad: MACA Reference here will be to the 1999 version
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'Cost-benefit analysis and mine clearance'
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Although the World Bank admits that central effects of landmines are neglected by economic analysis, this third objective has nevertheless been of concern to people involved in HMA. Other analysts applying economic analysis have been more straightforward on the issue. Geoff T Harris, for example, with reference to his findings that de-mining in Mozambique is not profitable, argues that money should be reallocated for other purposes, such as malaria control. in Gareth Elliot (ed) Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs
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Although the World Bank admits that central effects of landmines are neglected by economic analysis, this third objective has nevertheless been of concern to people involved in HMA. Other analysts applying economic analysis have been more straightforward on the issue. Geoff T Harris, for example, with reference to his findings that de-mining in Mozambique is not profitable, argues that money should be reallocated for other purposes, such as malaria control. G T Harris, 'Cost-benefit analysis and mine clearance', in Gareth Elliot (ed), Beyond De-Mining: Capacity Building and Socio-Economic Consequences, Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs, 2000, pp 87-97.
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GICHD, Socio-Economic Approaches to Mine Action: An Operational Handbook, Geneva: GICHD, 2002; and GICHD, A Study of Socio-Economic Approaches to Planning and Evaluating Mine Action, Geneva: GICHD, 2001.The study also introduces other approaches to impact assessment, including the composite indicator approach and the community studies approach, in addition to an emergency survey conducted by the Survey Action Centre in Kosovo, based mainly on spatial data and population statistics.
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'A cost benefit analysis of landmine clearance in Mozambique'
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A third set of economic assessments of mine action initiated by Geoff Harris, is not reviewed in this article. Harris, 'Cost-benefit analysis and mine clearance'; and Harris, 'The economics of landmine clearance in Afghanistan', Disasters, 26 (1), 2002, pp 49-54
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A third set of economic assessments of mine action initiated by Geoff Harris, is not reviewed in this article. G Elliot & G T Harris, 'A cost benefit analysis of landmine clearance in Mozambique', Development Southern Africa, 18 (5), 2001, pp 1-19; Harris, 'Cost-benefit analysis and mine clearance'; and Harris, 'The economics of landmine clearance in Afghanistan', Disasters, 26 (1), 2002, pp 49-54.
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See also B Goslin, 'Making analytical tools operational: Task impact assessment', Third World Quarterly, 24 (5), pp 923-938.
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For an assessment of community studies, including a comparison with other similar applications, see Landmine Memo no 8, Oslo: PRIO
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0005838355
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This paragraph is based solely on findings from the community study, as reported in
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This paragraph is based solely on findings from the community study, as reported in A S Millard & K B Harpviken, Community Studies in Practice, pp 43-46.
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Community Studies in Practice
, pp. 43-46
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Millard, A.S.1
Harpviken, K.B.2
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