The influence of step and ramp type protocols on the attainment of peak physiological responses during arm crank ergometry

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 25, Issue 8, 2004, Pages 616-621

  Smith, P M ^a   Doherty, M ^a   Drake, D ^a   Price, M J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BEDFORDSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^b Faculty of Health and Life Sciences   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aerobic capacity; Blood lactate; Limits of agreement; Recovery; Upper body exercise

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AEROBIC CAPACITY; ARM CRANK ERGOMETRY; ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CALCULATION; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; ERGOMETRY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LACTATE BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; ONLINE ANALYSIS; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; RESPIRATORY FUNCTION; STEP AND RAMP TYPE PROTOCOL; WORKLOAD;

ADULT; ERGOMETRY; EXERTION; HEART RATE; HUMANS; LACTIC ACID; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PULMONARY VENTILATION; RECOVERY OF FUNCTION;

EID: 8744282884     PISSN: 01724622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-817880     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Atkinson G, Nevill AM. Statistical methods for assessing measurement error (reliability) in variables relevant to sports medicine. Sports Med 1998; 26: 217-236
2. Bader DS, Maguire TE, Balady GJ. Comparison of ramp versus step protocols for exercise testing in patients > or = 60 years of age. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83: 11-14
3. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986; 1: 307-310
4. Bogaard HJ, Woltjer HH, van Keimpema ARJ, Stter RA, Postmus PE, de Vries PMJM. Comparison of the respiratory and hemodynamic responses of healthy subjects to exercise in three different protocols. Occup Med 1996; 46: 293-298
5. Davis JA, Whipp BJ, Lamarra N, Huntsman DJ, Frank MH, Wasserman K. Effect of ramp slope on determination of aerobic parameters from the ramp exercise test. Med Sci Sport Exerc 1982; 14: 339-343
6. DiCarlo SE. Effect of arm ergometry on wheelchair propulsion endurance of individuals with quadriplegia. Phys Ther 1988; 68: 40-44
7. Field A. Discovering Statistics Using SPSS for Windows. London, England: Sage Publications, 2000
8. Gollnick PD, Armstrong RB, Saubert CW, Piehl K, Saltin B. Enzyme activity and fiber composition in skeletal muscle of untrained and trained men. J Appl Physiol 1972; 33: 312-319
9. Johnson MA, Polgar J, Weightman D, Appleton D. Data on the distribution of fiber types in thirty-six human muscles: an autopsy study. J Neurol Sci 1973; 18: 111-129
10. Kuipers H, Verstappen FTJ, Keizer HA, Geurten P, van Kranenburg G. Variability of aerobic performance in the laboratory and its physiological correlates. Intern J Sports Med 1985; 6: 197-201
11. Martin TW, Zeballos RJ, Weisman IM. Gas exchange during maximal upper extremity exercise. Chest 1991; 99: 420-425
12. Myers J, Bellin D. Ramp exercise protocols for clinical and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Sports Med 2000; 30: 23-29
13. Myers J, Buchanan N, Smith D, Neutel J, Bowes E, Walsh D, Froelicher VF. Individualized ramp treadmill: observations on a new protocol. Chest 1992; 101: 236-241
14. Myers J, Buchanan N, Walsh D, Kraemer M, McAuley P, Hamilton-Wessler M, Froelicher VF. Comparison of ramp versus standard exercise protocols. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 17: 1334-1342
15. Powers SK, Beadle RE, Magnum M. Exercise efficiency during arm ergometry: effects of speed and work rate. J Appl Physiol 1984; 56: 495-499
16. Price MJ, Campbell IG. Determination of peak oxygen uptake during upper body exercise. Ergonomics 1997; 40: 491-499
17. Sawka MN. Physiology of upper body exercise. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1986; 14: 175-211
18. Sawka MN, Foley ME, Pimental NA, Toner MM, Pandolf KB. Determination of maximal aerobic power during upper-body exercise. J Appl Physiol 1983; 54: 113-117
19. Secher NH, Ruberg-Larsen N, Binkhorst RA, Bonde-Petersen F. Maximal oxygen uptake during arm cranking and combined arm plus leg exercise. J Appl Physiol 1974; 5: 515-518
20. Shaw DJ, Crawford MH, Karliner JS, DiDonna G, Carleton RM, Ross J, O'Rourke RA. Arm-crank ergometry: a new method for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1974; 33: 801-805
21. Smith PM, Price MJ, Doherty M. The influence of crank rate on peak oxygen consumption during arm crank ergometry. J Sports Sci 2001; 19: 955-960
22. Washburn RA, Seals DR. Comparison of continuous and discontinuous protocols for the determination of peak oxygen uptake in arm cranking. Euro J Appl Physiol 1983; 51: 3-6
23. Zhang Y-Y, Johnson MC II, Chow N, Wasserman K. Effects of exercise testing protocol on parameters of aerobic function. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991; 23: 625-630