메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 273-297

Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: Onset to outcome

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIVITAMIN K; CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODY; DALTEPARIN; ENOXAPARIN; HEPARIN; HYDRALAZINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT; PHENYTOIN; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; PREDNISOLONE; PROCAINAMIDE; QUINIDINE; WARFARIN;

EID: 8744239575     PISSN: 09655395     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0965539504001317     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 0020518953 scopus 로고
    • Thrombosis, abortion, cerebral disease and lupus anticoagulant
    • Hughes GRV. Thrombosis, abortion, cerebral disease and lupus anticoagulant. Br Med J 1983; 287: 1088-1089.
    • (1983) Br Med J , vol.287 , pp. 1088-1089
    • Hughes, G.R.V.1
  • 2
    • 0027292423 scopus 로고
    • The antiphospholipid syndrome: Ten years on
    • Hughes GRV. The antiphospholipid syndrome: ten years on. Lancet 1993; 342: 341-44.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 341-344
    • Hughes, G.R.V.1
  • 3
    • 0021742919 scopus 로고
    • Connective tissue disease and the skin. The 1983 Prosser-White oration
    • Hughes GRV. Connective tissue disease and the skin. The 1983 Prosser-White oration. Clin Exp Dermatol 1984; 9: 535-44.
    • (1984) Clin Exp Dermatol , vol.9 , pp. 535-544
    • Hughes, G.R.V.1
  • 5
    • 0033512274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T, Lockshin MD, Branch DW, Piette JC et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 1309-311.
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 1309-1311
    • Wilson, W.A.1    Gharavi, A.E.2    Koike, T.3    Lockshin, M.D.4    Branch, D.W.5    Piette, J.C.6
  • 6
    • 0000683761 scopus 로고
    • Uber die entwicklung und den gegenwartigen stand der serodiagnostik gegenuber syphilis
    • Wasserman A. Uber die entwicklung und den gegenwartigen Stand der Serodiagnostik gegenuber syphilis. Berl Klin Wochenschr 1907; 44: 1599.
    • (1907) Berl Klin Wochenschr , vol.44 , pp. 1599
    • Wasserman, A.1
  • 7
    • 84904027913 scopus 로고
    • A new serologically active phospholipid from beef heart
    • Pangborn MC. A new serologically active phospholipid from beef heart. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1941; 48: 484-86.
    • (1941) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , vol.48 , pp. 484-486
    • Pangborn, M.C.1
  • 8
    • 76949112144 scopus 로고
    • Biologically false positive serologic tests for syphilis
    • Moore JE, Mohr CF. Biologically false positive serologic tests for syphilis. JAMA 1952; 150: 467-73.
    • (1952) JAMA , vol.150 , pp. 467-473
    • Moore, J.E.1    Mohr, C.F.2
  • 9
    • 0013946787 scopus 로고
    • Connective tissue disease and the chronic biologic false-positive test for syphilis (BFP reaction)
    • Harvey AM, Shulman LE. Connective tissue disease and the chronic biologic false-positive test for syphilis (BFP reaction). Med Clin North Am 1966; 50: 1271-279.
    • (1966) Med Clin North Am , vol.50 , pp. 1271-1279
    • Harvey, A.M.1    Shulman, L.E.2
  • 11
    • 0001145459 scopus 로고
    • Haemorrhagic disorder caused by a circulating anticoagulant in patients with disseminated lupus erythematosus
    • Conley CL, Hartmann RC. Haemorrhagic disorder caused by a circulating anticoagulant in patients with disseminated lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 1952; 31: 621-22.
    • (1952) J Clin Invest , vol.31 , pp. 621-622
    • Conley, C.L.1    Hartmann, R.C.2
  • 12
    • 0034488338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of locally derived reference ranges and standardized calculation of dilute Russell's viper venom time results in screening for lupus anticoagulant
    • Gardiner C, Mackie IJ, Malia RG, Jones DW, Winter M, Leeming D et al. The importance of locally derived reference ranges and standardized calculation of dilute Russell's viper venom time results in screening for lupus anticoagulant. Br J Haematol 2000; 111: 1230-235.
    • (2000) Br J Haematol , vol.111 , pp. 1230-1235
    • Gardiner, C.1    Mackie, I.J.2    Malia, R.G.3    Jones, D.W.4    Winter, M.5    Leeming, D.6
  • 13
    • 84935623538 scopus 로고
    • Syndrome haemorrhagique acquis du a un anticoagulant circulant
    • Beaumont JL. Syndrome haemorrhagique acquis du a un anticoagulant circulant. Sang 1954; 25: 1-15.
    • (1954) Sang , vol.25 , pp. 1-15
    • Beaumont, J.L.1
  • 14
    • 50549207211 scopus 로고
    • Thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus despite circulating anticoagulants
    • Bowie EJW, Thompson JH, Pascuzzi CA, Owen CA. Thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus despite circulating anticoagulants. J Lab Clin Med 1963; 62: 416-30.
    • (1963) J Lab Clin Med , vol.62 , pp. 416-430
    • Bowie, E.J.W.1    Thompson, J.H.2    Pascuzzi, C.A.3    Owen, C.A.4
  • 15
    • 0016311662 scopus 로고
    • Acquired inhibitors in nonhemophilic patients
    • Lechner K. Acquired inhibitors in nonhemophilic patients. Haemostasis 1974; 3: 65-93.
    • (1974) Haemostasis , vol.3 , pp. 65-93
    • Lechner, K.1
  • 16
    • 0016633717 scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine death and circulating anticoagulant (" antithromboplastin")
    • Nilsson IM, Astedt B, Hedner U, Berezin D. Intrauterine death and circulating anticoagulant ("antithromboplastin"). Acta Med Scand 1975; 197: 153-59.
    • (1975) Acta Med Scand , vol.197 , pp. 153-159
    • Nilsson, I.M.1    Astedt, B.2    Hedner, U.3    Berezin, D.4
  • 17
    • 0021029327 scopus 로고
    • Anticardiolipin antibodies: Detection by radioimmunoassay and association with thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Harris EN, Gharavi AE, Boey ML, Patel BM, Mackworth-Young CG, Loizou S et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies: detection by radioimmunoassay and association with thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet 1987; 2: 1211-214.
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1211-1214
    • Harris, E.N.1    Gharavi, A.E.2    Boey, M.L.3    Patel, B.M.4    Mackworth-Young, C.G.5    Loizou, S.6
  • 19
    • 0033120748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiprothrombin antibodies: Detection and clinical significance in the antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Galli M, Barbui T. Antiprothrombin antibodies: Detection and clinical significance in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Blood 1999; 93: 2149-157.
    • (1999) Blood , vol.93 , pp. 2149-2157
    • Galli, M.1    Barbui, T.2
  • 20
    • 0027987114 scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies to phospholipid-binding plasma proteins: A new view of lupus anticoagulants and other "antiphospholipid" autoantibodies
    • Roubey RAS. Autoantibodies to phospholipid-binding plasma proteins: A new view of lupus anticoagulants and other "antiphospholipid" autoantibodies. Blood 1994; 84: 2854-867.
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 2854-2867
    • Roubey, R.A.S.1
  • 21
    • 0033577484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and thrombosis
    • Greaves M. Antiphospholipid antibodies and thrombosis. Lancet 1999; 353: 1348-353.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1348-1353
    • Greaves, M.1
  • 22
    • 0031762607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards improved criteria for the antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Piette JC. Towards improved criteria for the antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 1998; 7: S149-S157.
    • (1998) Lupus , vol.7
    • Piette, J.C.1
  • 23
    • 0033512274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T, Lockshin MD, Branch DW, Piette JC et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 1309-311.
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 1309-1311
    • Wilson, W.A.1    Gharavi, A.E.2    Koike, T.3    Lockshin, M.D.4    Branch, D.W.5    Piette, J.C.6
  • 24
    • 0034122051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Sapporo criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Lockshin MD, Sammaritano LR, Schwartzman S. Validation of the Sapporo criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43: 440-43.
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 440-443
    • Lockshin, M.D.1    Sammaritano, L.R.2    Schwartzman, S.3
  • 25
    • 0034872049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Wilson WA. Classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2001; 27: 499-505.
    • (2001) Rheum Dis Clin North Am , vol.27 , pp. 499-505
    • Wilson, W.A.1
  • 26
    • 0025744815 scopus 로고
    • Immunology and clinical importance of antiphospholipid antibodies
    • McNeil HP, Chesterman CN, Krilis SA. Immunology and clinical importance of antiphospholipid antibodies. Adv Immunol 1991; 49: 193-279.
    • (1991) Adv Immunol , vol.49 , pp. 193-279
    • McNeil, H.P.1    Chesterman, C.N.2    Krilis, S.A.3
  • 27
    • 0033280979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of the antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Khamashta MA. Management of the antiphospholipid syndrome. CPD Bulletin Rheum Arthritis 1999; 1: 22-46.
    • (1999) CPD Bulletin Rheum Arthritis , vol.1 , pp. 22-46
    • Khamashta, M.A.1
  • 28
    • 84997941803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiphospholipid syndrome and vascular surgery
    • Williams FMK, Hunt BJ. The antiphospholipid syndrome and vascular surgery. Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 6: 10-16.
    • (1998) Cardiovasc Surg , vol.6 , pp. 10-16
    • Williams, F.M.K.1    Hunt, B.J.2
  • 29
    • 0026659095 scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid thrombosis: Clinical course after the first thrombotic event in 70 patients
    • Rosove MH, Brewer PMC. Antiphospholipid thrombosis: clinical course after the first thrombotic event in 70 patients. Ann Int Med 1992; 117: 303-308.
    • (1992) Ann Int Med , vol.117 , pp. 303-308
    • Rosove, M.H.1    Brewer, P.M.C.2
  • 31
    • 0031919292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy
    • Schulman S, Svenungsson E, Granqvist S. Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Am J Med 1998; 104: 332-38.
    • (1998) Am J Med , vol.104 , pp. 332-338
    • Schulman, S.1    Svenungsson, E.2    Granqvist, S.3
  • 32
    • 0037182043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bleeding and recurrent thrombosis in definite antiphospholipid syndrome: Analysis of a series of 66 patients treated with oral anticoagulation to a target international normalized ratio of 3.5
    • Ruiz-irastorza G, Khamashta MA, Hunt BJ, Escudero A, Cuadrado MJ, Hughes GR. Bleeding and recurrent thrombosis in definite antiphospholipid syndrome: analysis of a series of 66 patients treated with oral anticoagulation to a target international normalized ratio of 3.5. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 1164-169.
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 1164-1169
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Khamashta, M.A.2    Hunt, B.J.3    Escudero, A.4    Cuadrado, M.J.5    Hughes, G.R.6
  • 33
    • 0004750551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on the investigation and management of the antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Greaves M, Cohen H, Machin SJ, Mackie I. Guidelines on the investigation and management of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Br J Haematol 2000; 109: 704-715.
    • (2000) Br J Haematol , vol.109 , pp. 704-715
    • Greaves, M.1    Cohen, H.2    Machin, S.J.3    Mackie, I.4
  • 34
    • 0035960415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
    • Kuruvilla A. Warfarin in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Lancet 2001; 358: 1461-462.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 1461-1462
    • Kuruvilla, A.1
  • 35
    • 0027254146 scopus 로고
    • Increased thrombin generation and activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and anticardiolipin antibodies: Evidence for a prothrombotic state
    • Ginsberg JS, Demers C, Brill-Edwards P, Johnston M, Bona R, Burrows RF et al. Increased thrombin generation and activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and anticardiolipin antibodies: evidence for a prothrombotic state. Blood 1993; 81: 2958-963.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , pp. 2958-2963
    • Ginsberg, J.S.1    Demers, C.2    Brill-Edwards, P.3    Johnston, M.4    Bona, R.5    Burrows, R.F.6
  • 36
    • 0033577484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome and thrombosis
    • Greaves M. Antiphospholipid syndrome and thrombosis. Thrombosis 1999; 353: 1348-353.
    • (1999) Thrombosis , vol.353 , pp. 1348-1353
    • Greaves, M.1
  • 37
    • 0141791073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
    • Growther MA, Ginsberg JS, Julian J, Denburg J, Hirsh J, Douketis J et al. A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 1133-138.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1133-1138
    • Growther, M.A.1    Ginsberg, J.S.2    Julian, J.3    Denburg, J.4    Hirsh, J.5    Douketis, J.6
  • 38
    • 0031203621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring warfarin therapy in patients with lupus anticoagulant
    • Moll S and Ortel TL. Monitoring warfarin therapy in patients with lupus anticoagulant. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 177-85.
    • (1997) Ann Intern Med , vol.127 , pp. 177-185
    • Moll, S.1    Ortel, T.L.2
  • 40
    • 23444433036 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the primary and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome: A European Multicenter study of 114 patients
    • Vianna JL, Khamashta MA, Ordi-Ros J, Font J, Cervera R, Lopez-Soto A et al. Comparison of the primary and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome: A European Multicenter study of 114 patients. Am J Med 1994; 96: 3-8.
    • (1994) Am J Med , vol.96 , pp. 3-8
    • Vianna, J.L.1    Khamashta, M.A.2    Ordi-Ros, J.3    Font, J.4    Cervera, R.5    Lopez-Soto, A.6
  • 41
    • 0030868454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valvular dysfunction in antiphospholipid syndrome: Prevalence, clinical features, and treatment
    • Nesher G, Ilany J, Rosenmann D, Abraham AS. Valvular dysfunction in antiphospholipid syndrome: prevalence, clinical features, and treatment. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997; 27: 27-35.
    • (1997) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.27 , pp. 27-35
    • Nesher, G.1    Ilany, J.2    Rosenmann, D.3    Abraham, A.S.4
  • 42
    • 0031789355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and myocardial infarction
    • Vaarala O. antiphospholipid antibodies and myocardial infarction. Lupus 1998; 7: 132-34.
    • (1998) Lupus , vol.7 , pp. 132-134
    • Vaarala, O.1
  • 43
    • 0027457735 scopus 로고
    • Crossreaction between antibodies to oxidised low-density lipoprotein and to cardiolipin in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Vaarala O, Alfthan G, Jauhiainen M, Leirisalo-Repo M, Aho K, Palosuo T. Crossreaction between antibodies to oxidised low-density lipoprotein and to cardiolipin in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet 1993; 341: 923-25.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 923-925
    • Vaarala, O.1    Alfthan, G.2    Jauhiainen, M.3    Leirisalo-Repo, M.4    Aho, K.5    Palosuo, T.6
  • 45
    • 0025995267 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of aPL in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion, women with succesful pregnancies, and women who have never been pregnant
    • Parke AL, Wilson D, Maier D. The prevalence of aPL in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion, women with succesful pregnancies, and women who have never been pregnant. Arthritis Rheum 1991; 34: 1231-235.
    • (1991) Arthritis Rheum , vol.34 , pp. 1231-1235
    • Parke, A.L.1    Wilson, D.2    Maier, D.3
  • 46
    • 8744303224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in women with a history of first trimester miscarriages
    • Maclean MA, Cumming GP, McCall F, Walker ID, Walker JJ. The prevalence of lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in women with a history of first trimester miscarriages. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 89: 549-55.
    • (1997) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.89 , pp. 549-555
    • Maclean, M.A.1    Cumming, G.P.2    McCall, F.3    Walker, I.D.4    Walker, J.J.5
  • 47
    • 0029078582 scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and beta 2-glycoprotein-1 in 500 women with recurrent miscarriage: Results of a comprehensive screening approach
    • Rai RS, Regan L, Clifford K, Pickering W, Dave M, Mackie I et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and beta 2-glycoprotein-1 in 500 women with recurrent miscarriage: results of a comprehensive screening approach. Hum Reprod 1995; 10: 2001-2005.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 2001-2005
    • Rai, R.S.1    Regan, L.2    Clifford, K.3    Pickering, W.4    Dave, M.5    Mackie, I.6
  • 48
    • 0029619074 scopus 로고
    • High prospective fetal loss rate in untreated pregnancies of women with recurrent miscarriage and antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Rai RS, Clifford K, Cohen H, Regan L. High prospective fetal loss rate in untreated pregnancies of women with recurrent miscarriage and antiphospholipid antibodies. Hum Reprod 1995; 10: 3301-304.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 3301-3304
    • Rai, R.S.1    Clifford, K.2    Cohen, H.3    Regan, L.4
  • 49
    • 0029812354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibody panels and recurrent pregnancy loss: Prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies compared with other antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Yetman DL Kutteh WH. Antiphospholipid antibody panels and recurrent pregnancy loss: prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies compared with other antiphospholipid antibodies. Fertil Steril 1996; 66: 540-46.
    • (1996) Fertil Steril , vol.66 , pp. 540-546
    • Yetman, D.L.1    Kutteh, W.H.2
  • 50
    • 84921010338 scopus 로고
    • "Lupus" anticoagulant and prostacyclin
    • Carreras LO, Vermylen J. "Lupus" anticoagulant and prostacyclin. Lancet 1981; 1: 665.
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 665
    • Carreras, L.O.1    Vermylen, J.2
  • 51
    • 0019496360 scopus 로고
    • "Lupus" anticoagulant and inhibition of prostacyclin formation in patients with repeated abortion, intrauterine growth retardation and intrauterine death
    • Carreras LO, Vermylen J, Spitz B, Van Assche A. "Lupus" anticoagulant and inhibition of prostacyclin formation in patients with repeated abortion, intrauterine growth retardation and intrauterine death. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1981; 88: 890-94.
    • (1981) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.88 , pp. 890-894
    • Carreras, L.O.1    Vermylen, J.2    Spitz, B.3    Van Assche, A.4
  • 52
    • 0020640457 scopus 로고
    • Fetal survival after prednisone suppression of maternal lupus-anticoagulant
    • Lubbe WF, Palmer SJ, Butler WS, Liggins GC. Fetal survival after prednisone suppression of maternal lupus-anticoagulant. Lancet 1983; 1: 1361-363.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1361-1363
    • Lubbe, W.F.1    Palmer, S.J.2    Butler, W.S.3    Liggins, G.C.4
  • 53
    • 0022385505 scopus 로고
    • Obstetric complications associated with the lupus anticoagulant
    • Branch DW, Scott JR, Kochenour NK, Hershgold E. Obstetric complications associated with the lupus anticoagulant. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 1322-326.
    • (1985) N Engl J Med , vol.313 , pp. 1322-1326
    • Branch, D.W.1    Scott, J.R.2    Kochenour, N.K.3    Hershgold, E.4
  • 54
    • 0026585838 scopus 로고
    • Repeated fetal losses associated with antiphospholipid antibodies: A collaborative randomized trial comparing prednisone with low-dose heparin treatment
    • Cowchock FS, Reece EA, Balaban D, Branch DW, Plouffe L. Repeated fetal losses associated with antiphospholipid antibodies: a collaborative randomized trial comparing prednisone with low-dose heparin treatment. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 166: 1318-323.
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.166 , pp. 1318-1323
    • Cowchock, F.S.1    Reece, E.A.2    Balaban, D.3    Branch, D.W.4    Plouffe, L.5
  • 56
    • 0020035790 scopus 로고
    • Decidual vasculopathy and extensive placental infarction in a patient with repeated thromboembolic accidents, recurrent fetal loss, and a lupus anticoagulant
    • De Wolf F, Carreras LO, Moerman P, Vermylen J, Van Assche A, Renaer M. Decidual vasculopathy and extensive placental infarction in a patient with repeated thromboembolic accidents, recurrent fetal loss, and a lupus anticoagulant. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 142: 829-34.
    • (1982) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.142 , pp. 829-834
    • De Wolf, F.1    Carreras, L.O.2    Moerman, P.3    Vermylen, J.4    Van Assche, A.5    Renaer, M.6
  • 57
    • 0024393524 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and biologic significance of lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in a general obstetric population
    • Lockwood CJ, Romero R, Feinberg RF, Clyne LP, Coster B, Hobbins JC. The prevalence and biologic significance of lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in a general obstetric population. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989; 161: 369-73.
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.161 , pp. 369-373
    • Lockwood, C.J.1    Romero, R.2    Feinberg, R.F.3    Clyne, L.P.4    Coster, B.5    Hobbins, J.C.6
  • 58
    • 0026727718 scopus 로고
    • Outcome of treated pregnancies in women with antiphospholipid syndrome: An update of the Utah experience
    • Branch DW, Silver RM, Blackwell JL, Reading JC, Scott JR. Outcome of treated pregnancies in women with antiphospholipid syndrome: an update of the Utah experience. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 80: 614-20.
    • (1992) Obstet Gynecol , vol.80 , pp. 614-620
    • Branch, D.W.1    Silver, R.M.2    Blackwell, J.L.3    Reading, J.C.4    Scott, J.R.5
  • 60
    • 0025951058 scopus 로고
    • Lupus anticoagulant IgG's (LA) are not directed to phospholipid only, but to a complex of lipid-bound human prothrombin
    • Bevers EM, Galli M, Barbui T, Comfurius P, Zwaal RFA. Lupus anticoagulant IgG's (LA) are not directed to phospholipid only, but to a complex of lipid-bound human prothrombin. Thromb Haemost 1991; 66: 629-32.
    • (1991) Thromb Haemost , vol.66 , pp. 629-632
    • Bevers, E.M.1    Galli, M.2    Barbui, T.3    Comfurius, P.4    Zwaal, R.F.A.5
  • 61
    • 0025828109 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for testing and revised criteria for lupus anticoagulants
    • SSC Subcommittee for the Standardization of Lupus Anticoagulants
    • Exner T, Triplett DA, Taberner D, Machin SJ. Guidelines for testing and revised criteria for lupus anticoagulants. SSC Subcommittee for the Standardization of Lupus Anticoagulants. Thromb Haemost 1991; 65: 320-22.
    • (1991) Thromb Haemost , vol.65 , pp. 320-322
    • Exner, T.1    Triplett, D.A.2    Taberner, D.3    Machin, S.J.4
  • 62
    • 0028810205 scopus 로고
    • Criteria for the diagnosis of lupus anticoagulants: An update
    • On behalf of the Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibody of the Scientific and Standardisation Committee of the ISTH
    • Brandt JT, Triplett DA, Alving B, Scharrer I. Criteria for the diagnosis of lupus anticoagulants: an update. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibody of the Scientific and Standardisation Committee of the ISTH. Thromb Haemost 1995; 74: 1185-190.
    • (1995) Thromb Haemost , vol.74 , pp. 1185-1190
    • Brandt, J.T.1    Triplett, D.A.2    Alving, B.3    Scharrer, I.4
  • 63
    • 0023144846 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the anti-cardiolipin antibody test: Report of an international workshop held 4 April 1986
    • Harris EN, Gharavi AE, Patel SP, Hughes GR. Evaluation of the anti-cardiolipin antibody test: report of an international workshop held 4 April 1986. Clin Exp Immunol 1987; 68: 215-22.
    • (1987) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.68 , pp. 215-222
    • Harris, E.N.1    Gharavi, A.E.2    Patel, S.P.3    Hughes, G.R.4
  • 64
    • 0025500242 scopus 로고
    • Special report. The Second International Anti-cardiolipin Standardization Workshop/the Kingston Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Study (KAPS) group
    • Harris EN. Special report. The Second International Anti-cardiolipin Standardization Workshop/the Kingston Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Study (KAPS) group. Am J Clin Pathol 1990; 94: 476-84.
    • (1990) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.94 , pp. 476-484
    • Harris, E.N.1
  • 65
    • 0028083763 scopus 로고
    • Anticardiolipin wet workshop report. Fifth International Symposium on antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Harris EN, Pierangeli S, Birch D. Anticardiolipin wet workshop report. Fifth International Symposium on antiphospholipid antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol 1994; 101: 616-24.
    • (1994) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.101 , pp. 616-624
    • Harris, E.N.1    Pierangeli, S.2    Birch, D.3
  • 66
    • 0031975978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An antiphospholipid wet workshop: 7th International Symposium on Antiphospholipid Antibodies
    • Pierangeli SS, Stewart M, Silva LK, Harris EN. An antiphospholipid wet workshop: 7th International Symposium on Antiphospholipid Antibodies. J Rheumatol 1998; 25: 156-60.
    • (1998) J Rheumatol , vol.25 , pp. 156-160
    • Pierangeli, S.S.1    Stewart, M.2    Silva, L.K.3    Harris, E.N.4
  • 67
    • 0027933799 scopus 로고
    • Down-regulation of maternal antiphospholipid antibodies during early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome
    • Kwak JY, Barini R, Gilman-Sachs A, Beaman KD, Beer AE. Down-regulation of maternal antiphospholipid antibodies during early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 171: 239-46.
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.171 , pp. 239-246
    • Kwak, J.Y.1    Barini, R.2    Gilman-Sachs, A.3    Beaman, K.D.4    Beer, A.E.5
  • 68
    • 0032905057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked variation in antiphospholipid antibodies during pregnancy: Relationships to pregnancy outcome
    • Topping J, Quenby S, Farquharson R, Malia R, Greaves M. Marked variation in antiphospholipid antibodies during pregnancy: relationships to pregnancy outcome. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 224-28.
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.14 , pp. 224-228
    • Topping, J.1    Quenby, S.2    Farquharson, R.3    Malia, R.4    Greaves, M.5
  • 70
    • 0038208243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome: Obstetric diagnosis, management, and controversies
    • Branch DW, Khamashta MA. Antiphospholipid syndrome: obstetric diagnosis, management, and controversies. Obstet Gynecol 2003; 101: 1333-344.
    • (2003) Obstet Gynecol , vol.101 , pp. 1333-1344
    • Branch, D.W.1    Khamashta, M.A.2
  • 74
    • 0026514898 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of prednisolone/aspirin therapy for recurrent aborters with antiphospholipid antibody
    • Hasegawa I, Takakuwa K, Goto S, Yamada K, Sekizuka N, Kanazawa K et al. Effectiveness of prednisolone/aspirin therapy for recurrent aborters with antiphospholipid antibody. Hum Reprod 1992; 7: 203-207.
    • (1992) Hum Reprod , vol.7 , pp. 203-207
    • Hasegawa, I.1    Takakuwa, K.2    Goto, S.3    Yamada, K.4    Sekizuka, N.5    Kanazawa, K.6
  • 75
    • 0024578482 scopus 로고
    • Prednisone does not prevent recurrent fetal death in women with antiphospholipid antibody
    • Lockshin MD, Druzin ML, Qamar T. Prednisone does not prevent recurrent fetal death in women with antiphospholipid antibody. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989; 160: 439-43.
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.160 , pp. 439-443
    • Lockshin, M.D.1    Druzin, M.L.2    Qamar, T.3
  • 76
    • 0027144129 scopus 로고
    • Comparative trial of prednisone plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in the treatment of anticardiolipin antibody-positive obstetric patients
    • Silver RK, MacGregor SN, Sholl JS, Hobart JM, Neerhof MG, Ragin A. Comparative trial of prednisone plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in the treatment of anticardiolipin antibody-positive obstetric patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 169: 1411-417.
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 1411-1417
    • Silver, R.K.1    MacGregor, S.N.2    Sholl, J.S.3    Hobart, J.M.4    Neerhof, M.G.5    Ragin, A.6
  • 78
    • 0036145638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recurrent pregnancy loss with antiphospholipid antibody: A systematic review of therapeutic trials
    • Empson M, Lassere M, Craig JC, Scott JR. Recurrent pregnancy loss with antiphospholipid antibody: a systematic review of therapeutic trials. Obstet Gynecol 2002; 99: 135-144.
    • (2002) Obstet Gynecol , vol.99 , pp. 135-144
    • Empson, M.1    Lassere, M.2    Craig, J.C.3    Scott, J.R.4
  • 79
    • 0029934389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibody-associated recurrent pregnancy loss: Treatment with heparin and low-dose aspirin is superior to low-dose aspirin alone
    • Kutteh WH. Antiphospholipid antibody-associated recurrent pregnancy loss: Treatment with heparin and low-dose aspirin is superior to low-dose aspirin alone. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 174: 1584-589.
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.174 , pp. 1584-1589
    • Kutteh, W.H.1
  • 80
    • 0031022366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of aspirin and aspirin plus heparin in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies (or antiphospholipid antibodies)
    • Rai RS, Cohen H, Dave M, Regan L. Randomised controlled trial of aspirin and aspirin plus heparin in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies (or antiphospholipid antibodies). Br Med J 1997; 314: 253-56.
    • (1997) Br Med J , vol.314 , pp. 253-256
    • Rai, R.S.1    Cohen, H.2    Dave, M.3    Regan, L.4
  • 81
    • 0030852373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstetric outcome in antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Granger KA, Farquharson RG. Obstetric outcome in antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 1997; 6: 509-13.
    • (1997) Lupus , vol.6 , pp. 509-513
    • Granger, K.A.1    Farquharson, R.G.2
  • 82
    • 0032898875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy complications in women with recurrent miscarriage associated with antiphospholipid antibodies treated with low dose aspirin and heparin
    • Backos M, Rai R, Baxter N, Chilcott IT, Cohen H, Regan L. Pregnancy complications in women with recurrent miscarriage associated with antiphospholipid antibodies treated with low dose aspirin and heparin. Br J Obstet Gyneacol 1999; 106: 102-107.
    • (1999) Br J Obstet Gyneacol , vol.106 , pp. 102-107
    • Backos, M.1    Rai, R.2    Baxter, N.3    Chilcott, I.T.4    Cohen, H.5    Regan, L.6
  • 83
    • 0029970670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clinical trial for the treatment of antiphospholipid antibody-associated recurrent pregnancy loss with lower dose heparin and aspirin
    • Kutteh WH, Ermel LD. A clinical trial for the treatment of antiphospholipid antibody-associated recurrent pregnancy loss with lower dose heparin and aspirin. Am J Reprod Immunol 1996; 35: 402-407.
    • (1996) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.35 , pp. 402-407
    • Kutteh, W.H.1    Ermel, L.D.2
  • 84
    • 0036711316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: A randomized, controlled trial of treatment
    • Farquharson RG, Quenby S, Greaves M. Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: a randomized, controlled trial of treatment. Obstet Gynecol 2002; 100: 408-13.
    • (2002) Obstet Gynecol , vol.100 , pp. 408-413
    • Farquharson, R.G.1    Quenby, S.2    Greaves, M.3
  • 85
    • 0033784643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does aspirin have a role in improving pregnancy outcome for women with the antiphospholipid syndrome? A randomized controlled trial
    • Pattison NS, Chamley LW, Birdsall M, Zanderigo AM, Liddell HS, McDougall J. Does aspirin have a role in improving pregnancy outcome for women with the antiphospholipid syndrome? A randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 183: 1008-1012.
    • (2000) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.183 , pp. 1008-1012
    • Pattison, N.S.1    Chamley, L.W.2    Birdsall, M.3    Zanderigo, A.M.4    Liddell, H.S.5    McDougall, J.6
  • 86
    • 0027467168 scopus 로고
    • Osteoporotic fractures and the recurrence of thromboembolism during pregnancy and the puerperium in 184 women undergoing thromboprophylaxis with heparin
    • Dahlman TC. Osteoporotic fractures and the recurrence of thromboembolism during pregnancy and the puerperium in 184 women undergoing thromboprophylaxis with heparin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 168: 1265-270.
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.168 , pp. 1265-1270
    • Dahlman, T.C.1
  • 87
    • 0032752982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone density changes in pregnant women treated with heparin: A prospective, longitudinal study
    • Backos M, Rai R, Thomas E, Murphy M, Dore C, Regan L. Bone density changes in pregnant women treated with heparin: a prospective, longitudinal study. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 2876-880.
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.14 , pp. 2876-2880
    • Backos, M.1    Rai, R.2    Thomas, E.3    Murphy, M.4    Dore, C.5    Regan, L.6
  • 89
    • 0033812190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antenatal use of enoxaparin for prevention and treatment of thromboembolism in pregnancy
    • Ellison J, Walker ID, Greer IA. Antenatal use of enoxaparin for prevention and treatment of thromboembolism in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2000; 107: 1116-121.
    • (2000) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.107 , pp. 1116-1121
    • Ellison, J.1    Walker, I.D.2    Greer, I.A.3
  • 92
    • 0034020113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis
    • Greaves M. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. Prescribers' Journal 2000; 40: 59-64.
    • (2000) Prescribers' Journal , vol.40 , pp. 59-64
    • Greaves, M.1
  • 93
    • 0037432312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prosthetic heart valves and pregnancy
    • Hung L, Rahimtoola SH. Prosthetic heart valves and pregnancy. Circulation 2003; 107: 1240-246.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 1240-1246
    • Hung, L.1    Rahimtoola, S.H.2
  • 94
    • 0033133401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent fetal complications of warfarin in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves
    • Vitale N, De Feo M, De Santo LS, Pollice A, Tedesco N, Cotrufo M. Dose-dependent fetal complications of warfarin in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 33: 1637-641.
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.33 , pp. 1637-1641
    • Vitale, N.1    De Feo, M.2    De Santo, L.S.3    Pollice, A.4    Tedesco, N.5    Cotrufo, M.6
  • 96
    • 0032063945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboprophylaxis in antiphospholipid syndrome pregnancies with previous cerebral arterial thrombotic events: Is warfarin preferable?
    • Hunt BJ, Khamashta MA, Lakasing L, Williams FMK, Nelson Piercy C, Bewley S et al. Thromboprophylaxis in antiphospholipid syndrome pregnancies with previous cerebral arterial thrombotic events: is warfarin preferable? Thromb Haemost 1998; 79: 1060-1061.
    • (1998) Thromb Haemost , vol.79 , pp. 1060-1061
    • Hunt, B.J.1    Khamashta, M.A.2    Lakasing, L.3    Williams, F.M.K.4    Nelson Piercy, C.5    Bewley, S.6
  • 97
    • 0035652633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low molecular weight heparin and warfarin in the treatment of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome during pregnancy
    • Pauzner R, Dulitzki M, Langevitz P, Livneh A, Kenett R, Many A. Low molecular weight heparin and warfarin in the treatment of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome during pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 2001; 86: 1379-384.
    • (2001) Thromb Haemost , vol.86 , pp. 1379-1384
    • Pauzner, R.1    Dulitzki, M.2    Langevitz, P.3    Livneh, A.4    Kenett, R.5    Many, A.6
  • 99
    • 7844227067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy to salvage severely compromised pregnancies in SLE and antiphospholipid (APL) syndrome
    • Gordon C, Raine-Fenning N, Brackley K, Bacon PA, Weaver J, Kilby M. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy to salvage severely compromised pregnancies in SLE and antiphospholipid (APL) syndrome. Lupus 1998; suppl 1: 114.
    • (1998) Lupus , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 114
    • Gordon, C.1    Raine-Fenning, N.2    Brackley, K.3    Bacon, P.A.4    Weaver, J.5    Kilby, M.6
  • 100
    • 0033979270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, placebo-controlled pilot study of intravenous immune globulin treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome during pregnancy
    • Branch DW, Peaceman AM, Druzin M, Silver RK, El-Sayed Y, Silver RM et al. A multicenter, placebo-controlled pilot study of intravenous immune globulin treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 182: 122-27.
    • (2000) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.182 , pp. 122-127
    • Branch, D.W.1    Peaceman, A.M.2    Druzin, M.3    Silver, R.K.4    El-Sayed, Y.5    Silver, R.M.6
  • 101
    • 0037334440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized study of subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin plus aspirin versus intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of recurrent fetal loss associated with antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Triolo G, Ferrante A, Ciccia F, Accardo-Palumbo A, Perino A, Castelli A et al. Randomized study of subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin plus aspirin versus intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of recurrent fetal loss associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 728-31.
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.48 , pp. 728-731
    • Triolo, G.1    Ferrante, A.2    Ciccia, F.3    Accardo-Palumbo, A.4    Perino, A.5    Castelli, A.6
  • 102
    • 0030100311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doppler ultrasound of the uterine arteries: The importance of bilateral notching in the prediction of pre-eclampsia, placental abruption or delivery of a small-for-gestational-age baby
    • Harrington K, Cooper D, Lees C, Hecher K, Campbell S. Doppler ultrasound of the uterine arteries: the importance of bilateral notching in the prediction of pre-eclampsia, placental abruption or delivery of a small-for-gestational-age baby. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1996; 7: 182-88.
    • (1996) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol , vol.7 , pp. 182-188
    • Harrington, K.1    Cooper, D.2    Lees, C.3    Hecher, K.4    Campbell, S.5
  • 103
    • 0027246275 scopus 로고
    • Improved prediction of preeclampsia by two stage screening of uterine arteries using early diastolic notch and color Doppler imaging
    • Bower SJ, Bewley S, Campbell S. Improved prediction of preeclampsia by two stage screening of uterine arteries using early diastolic notch and color Doppler imaging. Obstet Gynecol 1993; 82: 78-83.
    • (1993) Obstet Gynecol , vol.82 , pp. 78-83
    • Bower, S.J.1    Bewley, S.2    Campbell, S.3
  • 105
    • 0344994497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic risk during pregnancy: A population study
    • Lindqvist P, Dahlback B, Marsal K. Thrombotic risk during pregnancy: a population study. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 94: 595-99.
    • (1999) Obstet Gynecol , vol.94 , pp. 595-599
    • Lindqvist, P.1    Dahlback, B.2    Marsal, K.3
  • 106
    • 0027144129 scopus 로고
    • Comparative trial of prednisone plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in the treatment of anticardiolipin antibody-positive obstetric patients
    • Silver RK, MacGregor SN, Sholls JS, Hobart JM, Neerhof MG, Ragin A. Comparative trial of prednisone plus aspirin versus aspirin alone in the treatment of anticardiolipin antibody-positive obstetric patients. Am J Obst Gynecol 1993; 169: 1411-417.
    • (1993) Am J Obst Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 1411-1417
    • Silver, R.K.1    MacGregor, S.N.2    Sholls, J.S.3    Hobart, J.M.4    Neerhof, M.G.5    Ragin, A.6
  • 107
    • 0029264796 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the obstetrical risks of the antiphospholipid syndrome and therapeutic management
    • Edelman P, Rouquette AM. Evaluation of the obstetrical risks of the antiphospholipid syndrome and therapeutic management. Clin Rev Obstet Gynecol 1995; 13: 91-99.
    • (1995) Clin Rev Obstet Gynecol , vol.13 , pp. 91-99
    • Edelman, P.1    Rouquette, A.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.