Ethnic conflict: A global perspective

Ethnic Conflict: A Global Perspective

Volumn , Issue , 2023, Pages 1-220

  Wolff, Stefan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85197562951     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (72)

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2. Eriksson, Mikael and Wallensteen, Peter (2004) Armed conflict 1989-Journal of Peace Research 41: 625-636.
3. Kaplan, Robert D. (1993) Balkan Ghosts: A journey through history. New York: St Martin's Press.
4. Amnesty International (1998) A Human Rights Crisis in Kosovo Province, Drenica, February-April 1998: Unlawful killings, extrajudicial executions and armed opposition abuses. New York: Amnesty International.
5. Amnesty International (2004) Sudan: At the mercy of killers—destruction of villages in Darfur. New York: Amnesty International.
6. Amnesty International (2004) Victims of the War in Darfur Speak About their Plight. New York: Amnesty International.
7. Amnesty International (1997) In Search of Safety: The forcibly displaced and human rights in Africa. New York: Amnesty International.
8. 'Taken over by Satan' (2004) Transcript from Panorama: The Killers, broadcast on BBC 1 on Sunday, 4 April 2004 at 22:Available at: http://news.bbc.co.Uk/l/hi/programmes/panorama/3582011.stm
9. 'Living among the Dead' (2004) Transcript from Panorama: The Killers, broadcast on BBC 1 on Sunday, 4 April 2004 at 22:Available at: http://news.bbc.co.Uk/l/hi/programmes/panorama/3582139.stm.
10. Amnesty International (1996) To Bury My Brothers'Bones. New York: Amnesty International.
11. Amnesty International (1996) Turkey: No security without human rights. New York: Amnesty International.
12. Human Rights Watch (2004) D. R. Congo: War crimes in Bukavu. New York: Human Rights Watch.
13. Bieber, Florian (2005) Ethnic Structure, Inequality and Governance of the Public Sector: Bosnia-Herzegovina. Basingstoke: Palgrave, in press.
14. Connor, Walker (1994) Ethnonationalism: The quest for understanding. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 100.
15. Smith, Anthony D. (1991) National Identity. London: Penguin, p. 21.
16. Connor, Walker (1994) Ethnonationalism: The quest for understanding. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 104.
17. Esman, Milton J. (1994) Ethnic Politics. Ithaka, NY: Cornell University Press, p. 15.
18. Margaret Moore (1998) The territorial dimension of selfdetermination. In: Moore, Margaret (ed.), National Self-Determination and Secession. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 134-157.
19. McGarry, John (1998) Orphans of secession: National pluralism in secessionist regions and post-secession states. In: Moore, Margaret (ed.), National Self-Determination and Secession. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 215-232.
20. Cooper, Neil and Pugh, Michael (2004) War Economies in a Regional Context. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
21. Horowitz, Donald L. (1985) Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, p. 226.
22. Horowitz, Donald L. (1985) Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, p. 227.
23. Brown, Michael E. (ed.) (1996) The causes and regional dimensions of internal conflict. In: The International Dimensions of Internal Conflict. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 577, 579.
24. Brown, Michael E. (2001) The causes of internal conflict. In: Brown, M. E., Cote, O. R. Jr, Lynn-Jones, S. M., and Miller, S. E. (eds.), Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict, revised edn. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 15ff.
25. Brown, Michael E. (2001) The causes of internal conflict. In: Brown, M. E., Cote, O. R. Jr, Lynn-Jones, S. M., and Miller, S. E. (eds.), Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict, revised edn. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p. 17.
26. This point has been repeatedly made by Alan Kuperman. Cf., for example, Kuperman, Alan (2005) Suicidal rebellions and the moral hazard of humanitarian intervention. Ethnopolitics 4(2): 149-173.
27. Lake, David A. and Rothchild, Donald (1998) Spreading fear: The genesis of transnational ethnic conflict. In: Lake, D. A. and Rothchild, D. (eds.), The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, diffusion, and escalation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 8.
28. Lake, David A. and Rothchild, Donald (1998) Spreading fear: The genesis of transnational ethnic conflict. In: Lake, D. A. and Rothchild, D. (eds.), The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, diffusion, and escalation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 17
29. Walter, Barbara F. (1999) Introduction. In: Walter, B. and Snyder, J. (eds.), Civil Wars, Insecurity and Intervention. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 4-8.
30. This dynamic has been well illustrated for the escalation of violence between Serbs and Croats in 1991-92 by: Figuero, Rui de and Weingast, Barry (1999) The rationality of fear: Political opportunism and ethnic conflict. In: Walter, B. and Snyder, J. (eds.), Civil Wars, Insecurity and Intervention. New York: Columbia University Press.
31. Kaufman, Stuart (2001) Modem Hatreds: The symbolic politics of ethnic war. Ithaka, NY: Cornell University Press.
32. Walter, Barbara E (2001) Committing to Peace: The successful settlement of civil wars. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 166.
33. Lake, David A. and Rothchild, Donald (1998) Spreading fear: The genesis of transnational ethnic conflict. In: Lake, D. A. and Rothchild, D. (eds.), The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, diffusion, and escalation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
34. Collier, Paul and Hoeffler, Anke, (1998) On economic causes of civil war. Oxford Economic Papers 50: 563-573.
35. Collier, Paul and Hoeffler, Anke (2001) Greed and Grievance in Civil War. Washington DC: World Bank Research Paper.
36. Ballentine, Karen and Sherman, Jake (2001) The Political Economy of Armed Conflict: Beyond greed and grievance. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
37. Pugh, Michael and Cooper, Neil (2004) War Economies in a Regional Context. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
38. Collier, Paul (2000) The Economic Causes of Civil Conflict and Their Implications for Policy. Washington DC: World Bank Research Paper.
39. Human Rights Watch (2000) 'Welcome to Hell': Arbitrary detention, torture, and extortion in Chechnya. New York, Washington, London, Brussels: Human Rights Watch.
40. Human Rights Watch (2000) 'No Happiness Remains': Civilian killings, pillage, and rape in Alkhan-Yurt, Chechnya. New York, Washington, London, Brussels: Human Rights Watch.
41. Human Rights Watch (1995) Stop Killings of Civilians. New York, Washington, London, Brussels: Human Rights Watch.
42. Mertus, Julie (2000) War's Offensive On Women: The humanitarian challenge in Bosnia, Kosovo and Afghanistan. West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press.
43. Amnesty International (2004) Democratic Republic of Congo: Mass rape —time for remedies. New York: Amnesty International.
44. Kuperman, Alan J. (2004) Next steps in Sudan: To end the violence and aid refugees, reining in the Darfur rebels is essential. Washington Post, 28 September 2004, p. AAvailable at: www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A55505-2004Sep27.html.
45. Amnesty International (2004) Darfur: Rape as a weapon of war. Sexual violence and its consequences. New York: Amnesty International.
46. Amnesty International (2004) Victims of the War in Darfur Speak About Their Plight. New York: Amnesty International.
47. Kuperman, Alan J. (2004) Next steps in Sudan: To end the violence and aid refugees, reining in the Darfur rebels is essential. Washington Post, 28 September 2004, p. AAvailable at: www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A55505-2004Sep27.html.
48. Lake, David A. and Rothchild, Donald (1998) Spreading fear: The genesis of transnational ethnic conflict. In: Lake, D. A. and Rothchild, D. (eds.), The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, diffusion, and escalation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 23.
49. Cooper, Neil and Pugh, Michael (2004) War Economies in a Regional Context. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner
50. Kemp, Walter (2004) The business of ethnic conflict. Security Dialogue 35: 43-59
51. Kemp, Walter (2005) Selfish determination: The questionable ownership of autonomy movements. Ethnopolitics 4(1): in press.
52. Northern Ireland Office (1972) The Future of Northern Ireland: A paper for discussion. London: HMSO.
53. Hamilton, A., McCartney, C., Anderson T, and Finn, A. (1990) Violence and Communities. Coleraine: University of Ulster, Centre for the Study of Conflict.
54. Her Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland (1995) A Framework for Accountable Government in Northern Ireland. London: HMSO.
55. McGarry, John and O'Leary, Brendan (eds.) (1993) Introduction. The macro-political regulation of ethnic conflict. In: Ibid., The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation. London: Routledge, p. 4.
56. Schneckener, Ulrich (2004) Models of ethnic conflict regulation: The politics of recognition. In: Schneckener, Ulrich and Wolff, Stefan (eds.), Managing and Settling Ethnic Conflicts: Perspectives on successes and failures in Europe, Africa and Asia. New York: Palgrave, pp. 18-39.
57. Weller, Marc (2005) Self-governance in interim settlements: The case of Sudan. In: Weller, Marc and Wolff, Stefan (eds.), Autonomy, Selfgovernance and Conflict Resolution: Innovative approaches to institutional design in divided societies. London: Routledge.
58. Compare Cordell, Karl and Wolff, Stefan (2005) Germany's Foreign Policy towards Poland and the Czech Republic: Ostpolitik revisited. London, New York: Routledge.
59. Amnesty International (1999) As Violence Descended: Testimonies from East Timorese refugees. New York: Amnesty International.
60. World Bank (2000) Transitional Support Strategy for East Timor. Washington DC: World Bank.
61. McGarry, John and O'Leary, Brenda (2004) The Northern Ireland Conflict: Consociational engagements. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 31.
62. Compare Paris, Roland (2004) At War's End: Building peace after civil conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
63. Harris, Peter and Reilly, Benjamin (eds.) (1998) Democracy and Deep-Rooted Conflict: Options for negotiators. Stockholm: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, Chapter Available at: www.idea.int/publications/democracy_and_deep_rooted_conflict/home.htm.
64. The following enumeration of 'perils' draws on Sisk, Timothy D. (2001) Democratization and peacebuilding: Perils and promises. In: Crocker, Chester, Hampson, Fen Osler, and Aall, Pamela (eds.), Turbulent Peace: The challenges of managing international conflict. Washington DC: US Institute of Peace Press.
65. Goodhand, Jonathan (2004) Afghanistan in Central Asia. In: Cooper, Neil and Pugh, Michael (eds.), War Economies in a Regional Context. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
66. Amnesty International (1996) To Bury My Brothers' Bones. New York: Amnesty International.
67. On the gacaca courts, see Joireman, Sandra (2003) Justice for genocide? Global Review of Ethnopolitics 2(2): 65-66.
68. Government of Australia (2004) AusAID. Regional Mission To Solomon Islands: Facts and figures. Available at: www.ausaid.gov.au/hottopics/solomon/solomons_ramsi_details.cfm.
69. Central Intelligence Agency (2000) Global Trends 2015: A dialogue about the future with nongovernment experts. Washington DC: National Intelligence Council.
70. US Government (2002) The National Security Strategy of the United States. Available at: www.state.gov/documents/organization/15538.pdf.
71. Council of the European Union (2003) A Secure Europe in a Better World: European security strategy. Brussels: Council of the European Union. Available at: http://ue.eu.int/uedocs/cmsUpload/78367.pdf.
72. United Nations (2004) A More Secure World: Our shared responsibility. Report of the High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change. New York: UN.