T. H. Green and the morality of Victorian liberalism

Victorian Liberalism: Nineteenth-Century Political thought and Practice

Volumn , Issue , 2024, Pages 131-151

  Bellamy, Richard ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

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EID: 85183261235     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781032671581-8     Document Type: Chapter

References (45)

1. R. C. K. Ensor, England 1870-1914 (Oxford, 1936), pp. 162-3
2. H. J. Laski, The Decline of Liberalism (London, 1940), pp. 11-12
3. A. Bullock and M. Shock (eds), The Liberal Tradition (Oxford, 1956), p. xliv
4. M. Richter, The Politics of Conscience: T.H. Green and his Age, (London, 1964), ch. 9.
5. I. Berlin, ‘Two Concepts of Liberty’, in Four Essays on Liberty (Oxford, 1969), p. 133 n.
6. C. B. Macpherson, Democratic Theory: Essays in Retrieval (London, 1973), pp. 5-6, 50-1, 114, 130, 156, 175
7. I. M. Greengarten, Thomas Hill Green and the D evelopment of Liberal-Democratic Thought (Toronto, 1981) systemizes Macpherson’s scattered comments.
8. P. Clarke, Liberals and Social Democrats (Cambridge, 1978), pp. 22-7
9. A. Vincent and R. Plant, Philosophy, Politics and Citizenship: The Life and Thought of the British Idealists (Oxford, 1984), pp. 26, 94-5.
10. I. Bradley, The Optimists: Themes and Personalities in Victorian Liberalism (London, 1980), p. 52
11. J. R. Vincent, The Formation of the British Liberal Party 1857-68 (London, 1966), esp. ch. 3
12. R. Shannon, The Crisis of Imperialism 1865-1915 (London, 1976)
13. C. Harvie, The Lights of Liberalism: University Liberals and the Challenge of Democracy (London, 1976)
14. M. Pugh, The Making of Modern British Politics (Oxford, 1982)
15. R. L. Nettleship, ‘Memoir’, in Works of T. H. Green (London, 1888), ID, pp. xx, xxiv.
16. S. Collini, ‘The Idea of “Character” in Victorian Political Thought’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series, 35 (1985), pp. 29-50.
17. S. Smiles, Self-Help, with Illustrations of Conduct and Perseverance (London, 1859, 1925), p. vi.
18. M. Richter, ‘T. H. Green and his Audience: Liberalism as a Surrogate Religion’, Review of Politics, 18 (1956), pp. 444-72; Richter, Politics of Conscience.
19. Herbert Spencer, The Principles of Ethics (London, 1893), II, p. 251, cited by Collini, ‘The Idea of “Character”’, p. 31.
20. J. S. Mill, On Liberty, in Utilitarianism, On Liberty and Considerations on Representative Government (London, 1972), p. 16.
21. J. S. Mill, Principles of Political Economy, Collected Works (Toronto, 1965), E, p. 367.
22. J. S. Mill, System of Logic, Collected Works (Toronto, 1974), VEI, pp. 904-5.
23. T. H. Green, ‘Popular Philosophy in its Relation to Life’, in Works, El, pp. 92-125.
24. T. H. Green, Prolegomena to Ethics (1883), ed. A. C. Bradley (Oxford, 1924), para. 1. Note: All further references to this work appear in the text as PE followed by the paragraph number.
25. D. Nicholls, ‘Positive Liberty 1880-1914’, American Political Science Review, 57 (1962), pp. 114-28
26. T. H. Green, ‘Lecture on “Liberal Legislation and Freedom of Contract’” (1881), reprinted in his Lectures on the Principles of Political Obligation and other writings, ed. P. Harris and J. Morrow (Cambridge, 1986), p. 202.
27. T. H. Green, ‘On the Different Senses of “Freedom” as Applied to Will and to the Moral Progress of Man’ (1879), reprinted in Principles, para. 17.
28. G. C. MacCallum, ‘Negative and Positive Freedom’, Philosophical Review, 76 (1967), pp. 312-34
29. W. E. Connolly, The Terms of Political Discourse, (Oxford, 2nd edition, 1983), pp. 143-6;
30. T. Baldwin, ‘MacCallum and the Two Concepts of Liberty’, Ratio, 23 (1984), pp. 125-12
31. J. Gray, ‘On Negative and Positive Liberty’, Political Studies, 28 (1980), pp. 508-26.
32. D. Miller, ‘Constraints on Freedom’, Ethics, 94 (1983), pp. 66-86
33. Alfred Marshall, Principles of Economics (London, 8th edition, 1920), p. 528
34. J. Raz, The Morality of Freedom (Oxford, 1986), ch. 8.1 have found Raz’s argument generally useful for understanding Green’s view of freedom.
35. I. Kant, Political Writings, trans. H. Nisbet, ed. H. Reiss (Cambridge, 1977), p. 74
36. H. Williams, Kant’s Political Philosophy (Oxford, 1983), pp. 129-37
37. A. Milne, ‘The Idealist Criticism of Utilitarian Social Philosophy’, Archives Europeennes de Sociologie, 8 (1967), p. 322.
38. F. Hirsch, Social Limits to Growth (London, 1976). Compare the rather different criticism of Plant and Vincent, Philosophy, Politics and Citizenship, pp. 177-8, from whom I have borrowed this example. I spell out my differences in Bellamy, ‘A Green Revolution?’, p. 38.
39. H. Sidgwick, ‘Green’s Ethics’, Mind, 9 (1884), pp. 183-4.
40. P. Nicholson, ‘T. H. Green and State Action: Liquor Legislation’, History of Political Thought, 6 (1985), pp. 517-50.
41. T. H. Green, Speech to Oxford Board of Hope Union, Alliance News, 32 April 1879, p. 230
42. T. H. Green, ‘The Grading of Secondary Schools’ (1887), in Works, HI, p. 387.
43. C. B. Macpherson, Property: Mainstream and Critical Positions (Toronto, 1978), pp. 203-4
44. S. Lukes, ‘Taking Morality Seriously’, in T. Honderich (ed.), Morality and Objectivity (London, 1986), pp. 98-109.
45. A. Toynbee, Lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England (London, 1884), p. 219.