Handbook of Pneumatic Conveying Engineering

Handbook of Pneumatic Conveying Engineering

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-688

  Mills, David ^a   Jones, Mark G ^a   Agarwal, Vijay K ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

^b INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DELHI   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85174124294     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1201/9780203021989     Document Type: Book

References (150)

1. J-P. Hanrot. Multi-point feeding of hoppers, mounted on aluminum smelter pots, by means of potential fluidization piping. Proc 115th An Mtg, The Metallurgical Soc of AIME. pp 103-109. New Orleans. March 1986.
2. D. Mills. Optimizing pneumatic conveying systems: air movers. Chem Eng. Vol 108, No 2, pp 83-88. February 2001.
3. K. Speltz. Dehumidification in manufacturing: methods and applications. Proc 23rd Powder & Bulk Solids Conf. pp 83-93. Chicago. May 1998.
4. D. Mills. Pneumatic Conveying Design Guide. Butterworth-Heinemann. 1990.
5. D. Mills. Safety aspects of pneumatic conveying. Chem Eng. Vol 106, No 4, pp 84-91. April 1999.
6. D. Mills. Using rubber hose to enhance your pneumatic conveying process. Powder and Bulk Eng. pp 79-87. March 2000.
7. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. The influence of bend geometry on pressure drop in pneumatic conveying system pipelines. Proc 10th Powder & Bulk Solids Conf. pp 203-214. Chicago. May 1985.
8. D. Geldart. Types of gas fluidization. Powder Technology. Vol 7. pp 285-292. 1973.
9. G. Dixon. The impact of powder properties on dense phase flow. Proc Int Conf on Pneumatic Conveying. London. Jan. 1979.
10. M.G. Jones and D. Mills. Product classification for pneumatic conveying. Powder Handling and Processing. Vol 2. No 2. June 1990.
11. D. Mills. Pneumatic Conveying Design Guide. Butterworth-Heinemann. 1990.
12. D. Mills. Optimizing pneumatic conveying. Chemical Engineering. Vol 107. No 13. pp 74-80. Dec 2000.
13. Y.R. Mayhew and G.F.C. Rogers. Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids. Basil Blackwell. 1968.
14. J.M. Gasiorek and W.G. Carter. Mechanics of Fluids for Mechanical Engineers. Blackie and Son. 1967.
15. J.R.D. Francis. Fluid Mechanics for Engineering Students-4th Ed. Edward Arnold. 1975.
16. V.M. Faires. Applied Thermodynamics-3rd Ed. MacMillan. 1957.
17. D. Mills. An investigation of the unstable region for dense phase conveying in sliding bed flow. Proc 4th Int Conf for Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids. Budapest. May, 2003.
18. P. Marjanović. An investigation of the behavior of gas-solid mixture flow properties for vertical pneumatic conveying in pipelines. PhD Thesis. Thames Polytechnic (now The University of Greenwich) London. 1984.
19. D. Mills, J.S. Mason, and P. Marjanović. The influence of product type on dense phase pneumatic conveying in vertical pipelines. Proc Pneumatech 2, pp 193-210. Canterbury. Sept 1984.
20. D. Mills. Measuring pressure on pneumatic conveying systems. Chem Eng, Vol 108, No 10, pp 84-89. Sept 2001.
21. J. Firstbrook. Operation and development of the pneumatic coal transportation system. Proc Pneumotransport 5. BHR Group Conf. London. April 1980.
22. T.J. Sheer, R. Ramsden, and M. Butterworth. The design of pipeline systems for transporting ice into deep mines. Proc 3rd Israeli Conf for Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids. pp 10.75-80. Dead Sea. May/June 2000.
23. D. Mills. A review of the research work of Professor Predrag Marjanović. Proc 4th Int Conf for Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids. Budapest. May 2003.
24. M.S.A. Bradley and D. Mills. Approaches to dealing with the problem of energy losses due to bends. Proc 13th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 705-715. Chicago. May 1988.
25. P. Marjanović, D. Mills, and J.S. Mason. The influence of bends on the performance of a pneumatic conveying system. Proc 15th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 391-399. Chicago. June 1990.
26. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. The influence of bend geometry on pressure drop in pneumatic conveying system pipelines. Proc 10th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 203-214. Chicago. May 1985.
27. M.S.A. Bradley. Pressure losses caused by bends in pneumatic conveying pipelines: effects of bend geometry and fittings. Proc 14th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 681-694. Chicago. May 1989.
28. P. Marjanović, D. Mills, and J.S. Mason. The influence of pipeline material on the performance of pneumatic conveying systems. Proc Pneumatech 4. pp 453-464. Glasgow. June 1990.
29. D. Mills. Using rubber hose to enhance your pneumatic conveying process. Powder and Bulk Engineering. pp 79-87. March 2000.
30. D. Mills. Optimizing pneumatic conveying. Chemical Engineering. Vol 107. No 13. pp 74-80. Dec 2000.
31. D. Mills. Pneumatic Conveying Design Guide. Butterworth-Heinemann. 1990.
32. D. Mills and V.K. Agarwal. Pneumatic conveying systems-design, selection, operation and troubleshooting with particular reference to pulverized fuel ash. 386 pp. Trans Tech Publications. 2001.
33. D. Mills, V.K. Agarwal, and M.D. Bharathi. The pneumatic conveying of fly ash and cement at low velocity. Proc 24th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 147-163. Chicago May 1999.
34. D. Mills. The use of stepped pipelines to enable different materials to be conveyed pneumatically by a common system. Proc 7th Int Conf on Bulk Materials Storage, Handling and Transportation. The University of Newcastle, Australia. October 2001.
35. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. An analysis of stepped pipelines for pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 12th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 696-704. Chicago. May 1987.
36. M.G. Jones and D. Mills. Performance characteristics for the pneumatic conveying of plastic pellets. Proc 21st Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. Chicago. May 1996.
37. V.K. Agarwal, N. Kulkarni, and D. Mills. The influence of expanded bends on wear and particle degradation in pneumatic conveying system pipelines. Proc IMechE Conf on Powder and Bulk Solids Handling. pp 307-317. London June 2000.
38. D. Mills, J.S. Mason and P. Marjanović. Pneumatic conveying-vertically down. Proc 8th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 546-557. Atlanta. May 1983.
39. J. Harder. Dry ash handling systems for advanced coal-fired boilers. Bulk Solids Handling. Vol 17, No 1. Jan/Mar 1997.
40. A. Rengaswarmy, M. Kumar, and S. Chandra. National scenario on pfa production and utilization. Proc 2nd Int Conf on Fly Ash Disposal and Utilization. New Delhi. Feb 2000.
41. Modern Power Station Practice. Vols B and E. Pergamon Press.
42. D. Mills and V.J. Agarwal. Pneumatic Conveying Systems-Design, Selection, Operation and Troubleshooting with Particular Reference to Pulverized Fuel Ash. Trans Tech. 2001.
43. V.K. Agarwal, M.D. Bharathi, and D. Mills. The influence of material grade on pneumatic conveying system performance. Powder Handling and Processing. Vol 12, No 3, pp 239-246. July/Sept 2000.
44. M.G. Jones and D. Mills. Product classification for pneumatic conveying. Powder Handling and Processing. Vol 2, No 2, pp 117-122. June 1990.
45. D. Mills. Pneumatic Conveying Design Guide. Butterworth-Heinemann. 1990.
46. D. Mills. The degradation of bulk solids by pneumatic conveying and its simulation by small scale rigs. Pub by BMHB. 195 p. Feb 1989.
47. D. Mills. Measuring pressure on pneumatic-conveying systems. Chem Eng, Vol 108, No 10, pp 84-88. Sept 2001.
48. D. Mills. Application of stepped pipelines in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc Hydrotransport 15. BHR Group Conf. Banff, Canada. June 2002.
49. J.K. Onley and J. Firstbrook. The practical application of pneumatic transport techniques to the raising of mineral from deep shafts. Proc Pneumotransport 4. BHR Group Conf. USA. Jun. 1978.
50. J. Firstbrook. Operation and development of the pneumatic pipeline coal transportation system. Proc Pneumotransport 5. BHR Group Conf, London. April 1980.
51. B.F. Mehring. Recent Developments in long distance pneumatic conveying. Proc Interbulk’ 89. NEC Birmingham. Trinity. Sept 1989.
52. D. Mills. The use of stepped pipelines to enable different materials to be conveyed pneumatically by a common system. Proc 7th Int Conf on Bulk Materials Storage, Handling and Transportation. University of Newcastle. Australia. Oct 2001.
53. D. Mills. The degradation of bulk solids by pneumatic conveying and its simulation by small scale rigs. BMHB. 195 pp. Feb 1989.
54. J.S. Mason and D. Mills. The control of the flow of materials in a blow tank pneumatic conveying system. Proc 3rd Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 392-400. Chicago. May 1978.
55. D. Mills and V.K. Agarwal. Pneumatic conveying systems-design, selection, operation and troubleshooting with particular reference to pulverized fuel ash. 386 pp. Trans Tech Pub. 2001.
56. M.G. Jones, D. Mills, and N. Rolfe. The influence of product degradation on the pneumatic conveying capability of light sodium carbonate. Proc Pneumatech 4. pp 427-446. Glasgow. June 1990.
57. D. Mills. Optimizing pneumatic conveying. Chemical Engineering. Vol 107. No 13. pp 74-80. December 2000.
58. D. Mills. An investigation of the unstable region for dense phase conveying in sliding bed flow. Proc 4th Int Conf for Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids. Budapest. May 2003.
59. F. Schaberg and B.F. Mehring. Dense phase conveying. Large outputs/long distances. Proc Pneumatech 4. pp 281-299. Jersey, UK. March 1987.
60. A. Ligthart. World’s largest cement unloader. Bulk Solids Handling. Vol 11, No 3. pp 671-676. August 1991.
61. D. Mills. Measuring pressure on pneumatic-conveying systems. Chemical Engineering. Vol 108, No 10. pp 84-89. September 2001.
62. D. Mills, J.S. Mason, and P. Marjanović. The influence of product type on dense phase pneumatic conveying in vertical pipelines. Proc Pneumatech 2. pp 193-210. Canterbury, UK. Sept 1984.
63. P. Marjanović. An investigation of the behavior of gas-solid mixture flow properties for vertical pneumatic conveying in pipelines. PhD Thesis. Thames Polytechnic (now The University of Greenwich) London. 1984.
64. P. Marjanović and D. Mills. The influence of bends on the performance of a pneumatic conveying system. Proc 15th Powder & Bulk Solids Conf. pp 391-399. Chicago. June 1990.
65. D. Mills, J.S. Mason, and V.K. Agarwal. An analysis of the dilute phase pneumatic conveying of sand. Proc Pneumatech 2. pp 258-278. Canterbury, UK. Sept 1984.
66. D. Mills, J.S. Mason, and V.K. Agarwal. An assessment of acceleration lengths through erosive wear measurements. Proc 10th Powder & Bulk Solids Conf. pp 215-228. Chicago. May 1985.
67. M. Leva. Fluidization. McGraw Hill. 1959.
68. D. Mills. A quick check method for the design of pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 26th Powder & Bulk Solids Conf. pp 107-124. Chicago. May 2001. Subsequently published in Advances in Dry Processing. Cahners. pp 7-17. Nov 2001.
69. J.H. Aspey. The pneumatic pulse phase powder conveyor. Proc Joint Symposium on Pneumatic Transport of Solids, SAIMechE, SA Institute of Materials Handling. 1975.
70. R.J. Hitt, A.R. Reed, and J.S. Mason. The effect of spontaneous plug formation in dense phase pneumatic conveying. Proc 7th Powder & Bulk Solids Conf, Chicago. 1982.
71. J. Li and M.G. Jones. Towards the control of slug formation in low-velocity pneumatic conveying. Powder Handling & Processing. Vol 14. No 3. 2002.
72. S. Barton. The effect of pipeline flow conditioning on dense phase pneumatic conveying performance. PhD Thesis. Glasgow Caledonian University. Scotland. 1997.
73. K. Konrad, D. Harrison, R.M. Nedderman, and J.F. Davidson. Prediction of the pressure drop for horizontal dense phase pneumatic conveying of particles. Proc 5th Int Conf on the Pneumatic Transport of Solids in Pipes. BHRA Fluid Engineering Centre. Paper No El, pp 225-244. 1980.
74. S. Ergun. Fluid flow through packed columns. Chemical Engineering Progress. Vol 48. No 2. pp 89-94. 1952.
75. M.G. Jones, X. Zhang, T. Krull, and R. Pan. Bypass systems in pneumatic conveying. Proc 15th Hydrotransport. BHR Group Conf. Banff, Canada. June 2002.
76. M. Solomon. Bypass pneumatic conveying systems. Final project report. School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Australia. 2002.
77. D. Mason and S. Barton. The use of air-bypass pipelines to enable low velocity gassolids flow in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 8th Int Freight Pipeline Soc Symp. pp 109-116. Pittsburgh. September 1995.
78. D. Mills. The artificial modification of material properties to achieve dense phase pneumatic conveying. Proc CJF-7. pp 249-254. 2000 China-Japan Symposium on Fluidization. Xi’an University, China. October 2000.
79. C.R. Woodcock and J.S. Mason. Bulk Solids Handling-An Introduction to the Practice and Technology. Blackie and Son Ltd. 1987.
80. J. Dodge. Procedure for transportation of materials in conveying channels using pressurized air. DRP88402, 1895. German Patent.
81. R.E. Leitzel and W.M. Morrisey. Air-float conveyors. Bulk Materials Handling, Vol 1, pp 307-325, Ed M.C. Hawk, Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Mech Eng. 1971.
82. E. Bushell and R.C. Maskell. Fluidized handling of alumina powder. Mech Handling, Vol 47, No 3, pp 126-131. March 1960.
83. C.R. Woodcock and J.S. Mason. Fluidized bed conveying-art or science? Proc Pneumotransport 3, BHRA Conf, paper El. Bath, UK. April 1976.
84. C.R. Woodcock and J.S. Mason. The flow characteristics of a fluidized PVC powder in an inclined channel. Proc 2nd Powder and Bulk Solids Conf, pp 466-475. Chicago. May 1977.
85. C.R. Woodcock and J.S. Mason. The modeling of air-assisted bulk particulate solids Flow in Inclined Channels. Proc Pneumotransport 4, Paper D2. BHRA Conf. Calif. June 1978
86. D. Geldart. Types of gas fluidization. Powder Technol, Vol 7, pp 285-292. 1973.
87. R.E. Leitzel and W.M. Morrisey. Air-float conveyors. Bulk Materials Handling, Vol 1, pp 307-325. Ed M C Hawk, Univ Pittsburgh Sch Mech Eng. 1971.
88. M.N. Kraus. Pneumatic Conveying of Bulk Materials. The Ronald Press Co. New York. 1968.
89. D. Martin. No-transfer-point open conveyor. Process Engineering, p 39. July 1974.
90. R.E. Futer. Conveying solids with co-operating series of air jets. ASME paper 68MH-31. 1968.
91. L. Kovacs and S. Varadi. Conveying granulated sugar through aerated channels. Proc 2nd Conf on Pneumatic Conveying, paper B10, pp 131-139. Pecs, Hungary. In German. March 1978.
92. W. Stegmaier. Horizontally conveying pneumatic chutes. Forden und Heben, Vol 26, No 6, pp 621-624. In German. 1976.
93. K. Shinohara and T. Tanaka. A new device for pneumatic transport of particles. Jnl Chem Eng of Japan, Vol 5, No 3, pp 279-285. 1972.
94. K. Shinohara, K. Hayashi, and T. Tanaka. Residence time distribution of particles with pneumatic escalator. Jnl Chem Eng of Japan, Vol 6, No 5, pp 447-453. 1973.
95. W. Isler. An air-slide type conveyor for horizontal and upward inclined transport. Zement-Kalk-Gips, Vol 10, pp 482-486. In German. 1960.
96. EEUA Handbook No 15. Pneumatic handling of powdered materials. Constable and Co, London. 1963.
97. J-P. Hanrot. Multipoint feeding of hoppers, mounted on aluminum smelter pots, by means of potential fluidization piping. Proc 115th An Mtg The Met Soc of AIME, pp 103-109. New Orleans. March 1986.
98. D. Mills. Identifying and solving material flow problems in pneumatic conveying systems. Powder and Bulk Handling. pp 10-17. Vol 2. Oct-Dec. 1998.
99. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. The up-rating of pneumatic conveying systems. Jnl of Pipelines. Vol 2. pp 199-210. 1982.
100. D. Mills. Troubleshooting pneumatic conveying systems. Three part article in Chemical Engineering: Part 1. Keeping pneumatic delivery up to speed. pp 93-105. June 1990. Part 2. Major systems and their key components. pp 101-107. July 1990. Part 3. Problems from the outside. pp 157-163. Sept 1990.
101. G.P. Tilly. Erosion Caused by Impact of Solid Particles. Treatise on Materials Science and Technology, Vol 13, pp 287-319. Academic Press Inc. 1979.
102. B.J. Hockey and S.M. Wiederhorn. Erosion of ceramic materials: the role of plastic flow. Proc 5th ELSI Conf. Paper 26. Cambridge. Sept 1979.
103. E.E. Smeltzer, et al. Mechanics of metal removal by impacting dust particles. ASME Winter An Mtg. Los Angeles. Paper 69-WA/Met-8. Nov 1969.
104. G.P. Tilly and W. Sage. The interaction of particle and material behavior in erosion processes. Wear, Vol 16, pp 447-465. 1970.
105. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. Conveying velocity effects in bend erosion. Jnl of Pipelines. Vol 1, pp 69-81. 1981.
106. G.P. Tilly. Erosion caused by airborne particles. Wear, Vol 14, pp 64-69. 1969.
107. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. The effect of particle size on erosion of pipe bends in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc Powtech '79. NEC Birmingham. March 1979.
108. J.E. Goodwin, W. Sage, and G.P. Tilly. Study of erosion by solid particles. Proc IMechE, Vol 183, No 15, pp 279-292. 1969-1970.
109. K.N. Tong, D. Mills, and J.S. Mason. The influence of particle hardness on the erosion of pipe bends in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 6th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 281-293. Chicago. May 1981.
110. M.M. Khruschof. Resistance of metals to wear by abrasion, as related to hardness. Proc IMechE Conf on Lub and Wear. pp 655-659. 1959.
111. I. Finnie. Erosion by solid particles in a fluid stream. Spec Tech Pub No 307 of Am Soc for Testing Materials. pp 70-82. June 1961.
112. I. Finnie et al. Erosion of metals by solid particles. ASTM Jnl of Matls, Vol 2, pp 682-700. Sept 1967.
113. J.S. Mason et al. The rapid erosion of various pipe wall materials by a stream of abrasive alumina particles. Proc Pneumotransport 2. Paper El. Guildford. 1973.
114. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. Evaluating the conveying capacity and service life of pipe bends in pneumatic conveying systems. Jnl Powder and Bulk Solids Tech. Vol 3, No 2, pp 13-20. 1979.
115. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. Particle size effects in bend erosion. Wear, Vol 44, pp 311-328. 1977.
116. E. Raask. Impact erosion wear caused by pulverized coal and ash. Proc 5th ELSI Conf. Paper 41. Cambridge. Sept 1979.
117. K.N. Tong. D. Mills, and J.S. Mason. The influence of bend radius on the erosion of pipe bends in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 5th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. Chicago. May 1980.
118. V.K. Agarwal, D. Mills, and J.S. Mason. A comparison of the erosive wear of steel and rubber bends in pneumatic conveying system pipelines. Proc 6th ELSI Conf. Paper 60. Cambridge. Sept 1983.
119. V.K. Agarwal and D. Mills. The use of inserts for reducing bend wear in pneumatic conveying system pipelines. Proc 14th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. Chicago. May 1989.
120. J.S. Mason and B.V. Smith. The erosion of bends by pneumatically conveyed suspensions of abrasive particles. Powder Technol. Vol 6. pp 323-335. 1973.
121. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. Problems of particle degradation in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc Pneumotransport 4. Paper F3. 10 pp. BHRA Conf. Carmel, California. June 1978.
122. D. Mills and J.S. Mason. The effect of pipe bends and conveying length upon particle degradation in pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 3rd Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. Chicago. May 1978.
123. A.D. Salman, M. Szabo, I. Angyal, A. Verba, and D. Mills. The design of pneumatic conveying systems to minimize product degradation. Proc 13th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. Chicago. May 1988.
124. G. Segler. Pneumatic grain conveying with special reference to agricultural applications. Germany. 1951.
125. G.P. Tilly. Erosion caused by solid particles. Treatise on Materials Science and Technology. Vol 13, pp 287-319. Academic Press Inc. 1979.
126. G.P. Tilly and W. Sage. The interaction of particle and material behavior in erosion processes. Wear, Vol 16, pp 447-465. 1970.
127. A.D. Salman, A. Verba, and D. Mills. Particle degradation in dilute phase pneumatic conveying systems. Proc 17th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. Chicago. May 1992.
128. D. Mills. Particle degradation in pneumatic conveying. pp 31-48. Freight Pipelines. Ed G.F. Round. Elsevier. 1993.
129. D. Mills. The degradation of bulk solids by pneumatic conveying and its simulation by small scale rigs. BMHB report. Feb 1988.
130. J. Paulson. Effective means for reducing formation of fines and streamers. Proc Conf on Polyolefins. Soc of Plastic Engineers. Houston. 1978.
131. D. Mills. Safety aspects of pneumatic conveying. Chem Eng. Vol 106, No 4, pp 84-91. April 1999.
132. P. Field. Dust explosions. Handbook of Powder Technology. Vol 4. Elsevier. 1982.
133. J. Cross and D. Farrer. Dust Explosions. Plenum Press. 1982.
134. HM (UK) Factory inspectorate technical data note 14. Health: dust in industry. HMSO 1970.
135. C. Schofield. Dust: the problems and approaches to solutions. Proc Solidex '82 Conf. Harrogate. March/April 1982.
136. Health and Safety Executive. Guidance Note EH 15/80. Threshold limit values. HMSO 1980.
137. Corn starch dust explosion at General Foods Ltd, Banbury, 18 November 1981. Health and Safety Executive Report. HMSO. London. 1983.
138. HM (UK) Factory Inspectorate. Dust explosions in factories. Health and Safety at Work Booklet No 22. HMSO. London. 1976.
139. D. Mills. Pneumatic conveying: cost effective design. Chemical Engineering. pp 7082. February 1990.
140. C.R. Woodcock and J.S. Mason. Bulk Solids Handling: an introduction to the practice and technology. Chapman and Hall. 1987.
141. D. Mills. Measuring pressure on pneumatic-conveying systems. Chemical Engineering. Vol 108, No 10, pp 84-89. Sept 2001.
142. J.S. Mason and B.V. Smith. Pressure drop and flow behavior for the pneumatic transport of fine particles around 90° bends. Proc Pneumotransport 2. BHRA Conf Paper A2, 16 pp. Guildford, England. Sept 1973.
143. J.S. Mason and B.V. Smith. The erosion of bends by pneumatically conveyed suspensions of abrasive particles. Powder Technol, Vol 6, pp 323-335. 1972.
144. D. Mills. Material flow rates in pneumatic conveying. Chemical Engineering. Vol 109. No 4. pp 74-78. April 2002.
145. D. Mills. Optimizing pneumatic conveying. Chemical Engineering. Vol 107. No 13. pp 74-80. December 2000.
146. J.S. Mason and D. Mills. 20 years of pneumatic conveying with the Powder and Bulk Solids Conference. Proc 20th Powder and Bulk Solids Conf. pp 3-40. Chicago. May 1995.
147. M.G. Jones and D. Mills. Product classification for pneumatic conveying. Powder Handling and Processing. Vol 2. No 2. pp 117-122. June 1990.
148. R. Siegel. Effect of distributor plate-to-bed resistance ratio on the onset of fluidized bed channeling. AIChE Jnl. Vol 22. No 3. pp 590-592. 1976.
149. A.M. Sutton and R.A. Richmond. Improving the storage conditions of fine powders by aeration. Trans Inst Chem Engrs. Vol 51. 1973.
150. A.M. Sutton and R.A. Richmond. How to improve powder storage and discharge in hoppers by aeration. Process Engng. Sept 1973.