INTRODUCTION TO RENEWABLE ENERGY

Introduction to Renewable Energy

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 1-351

  Nelson, Vaughn C ^a  

^a West Texas AandM University   (United States)

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EID: 85152811155     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1201/9781439891209     Document Type: Book

References (424)

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63. Tim Flannery, 2006, The weather makers, how man is changing the climate and what it means for life on Earth, Atlantic Monthly Press, New York.
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68. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Buildings Technologies Program. Information resources. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/information_resources.html.
69. The Engineering Toolbox. Resources, tools, and basic information for engineering and design of technical applications. Great site for information. http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/metabolism-activity-d_116.html.
70. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Center. http://www.noaa.gov/climate.html.
71. World Climate. http://www.worldclimate.com.
72. BizEE. Calculates degree-day (heating and cooling) data for the world by day, week, month, or average. Results downloaded as a spreadsheet. http://www.degreedays.net/.
73. The Engineering Toolbox. Design conditions in U.S. states and cities summer and winter. http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/us-outdoor-design-temperature-humidity-d_296.html.
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75. National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. Heating and cooling degree data. http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/documentlibrary/hcs/hcs.html.
76. National Weather Service. Degree-day monitoring and data. http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/monitoring_and_data/DD_monitoring_and_data.shtml.
77. Sustainable by Design. U.S. climate data. http://susdesign.com/usa_climate/index.php.
78. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. Thermal comfort for office work. http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/phys_agents/thermal_comfort.html.
79. Efficient Windows Collaborative. http://www.efficientwindows.org.
80. Health and Safety Executive. Thermal comfort. http://www.hse.gov.uk/temperature/thermal/index.htm.
81. INNOVA, AirTech Instruments. Thermal comfort. http://www.lumasense.dk/Booklets.60.0.html.
82. Thermal comfort. http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~bsapplec/thermal.htm.
83. William A. Shurcliff. 1988. Superinsulated houses and airtoair heat exchangers. Brick House, Amherst, NH.
84. Daniel K. Reif. 1983. Passive solar water heaters, how to design and build a batch system. Brick House, Amherst, NH.
85. Russell H. Plante. 1983. Solar domestic hot water, a practical guide to installation and understanding. Wiley, New York.
86. RSPEC. Energy smart pools software. http://www.rlmartin.com/rspec/software.htm.
87. Build It Solar. Site provides various links. http://www.builditsolar.com/Projects/WoodDrying/wood_kiln.htm.
88. M. B. Gewali and R. Bhandari. Solar drying technology packages developed at Recast. http://www.retsasia.ait.ac.th/Publications/WRERC%202005/RECAST-WRERCE-final.pdf.
89. Design and operation of a solar-heated dry kiln. http://www.woodscience.vt.edu/about/extension/vtsolar_kiln.
90. B. Prosser Kerr. 1991. The expanding world of solar box cookers. http://solarcooking.org/kerr.htm.
91. Solar cooking frequently-asked questions. http://solarcooking.org/solarcooking-faq.htm.
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93. Build a solar cooker. http://solarcooking.org/plans/.
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95. Solar water purification project. http://www.epsea.org/watersolar/purification.
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97. Solar radiation data manual for flat plate and concentrating collectors. http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/pubs/redbook.
98. U.S. Solar Radiation Resource Maps. http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/redbook/atlas.
99. Buena Vista. http://www.sunroom.com.
100. Kalwall. http://www.kalwall.com/main.htm.
101. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Trombe walls in low-energy buildings: practical experiences. 2004. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/36277.pdf.
102. Sun-Lite HP. http://www.solar-components.com/sun.htm#sgmat.
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105. Florida Solar Energy Center. http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/solar_hot_water.
106. Integration of Renewable Energy on Farms. Solar thermal-water heating. http://www.farm-energy.ca/IReF/index.php?page=water-heating.
107. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_solar_hot_water.html.
108. Reduce swimming pool energy costs. http://www.rlmartin.com/rspec/index.html.
109. Austin solar uses parabolic troughs. http://www.austinsolarac.com/product.htm.
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120. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. PVWatts. http://www.nrel.gov/rredc/pvwatts.
121. Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS), Joint Research Commission. http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvgis/index.htm.
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124. Lester R. Brown. 2009. Plan B 4.0, mobilizing to save civilization. Earth Policy Institute, supporting data. http://www.earthpolicy.org/index.php?/books/pb4/pb4_data. Great source of information for data, download report, and spreadsheets.
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131. A. Agraw. 2003. Renewable energy in water and wastewater treatment. NREL/SR-500-30383. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy03osti/30383.pdf.
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144. Solar Energy Industries Association. http://www.seia.org.
145. Concentrating solar power projects. http://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces.
146. Sandia National Laboratories. http://www.sandia.gov/csp.
147. Sandia National Laboratories. Today’s solar power towers. SAND 91-2018, available at http://www.osti.gov/bridge/purl.cover.jsp?purl=/580539-nWYYRI/webviewable/.
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149. Amonix. http://www.amonix.com/index.html.
150. C. Nielson, A. Akbarzedeh, J. Andrews, H. R. Becerra L., and P. Golding. 2005. The history of solar pond science and technology. Proceedings of the 2005 International Solar Energy Conference, Orlando, FL.
151. Abengoa Solar. http://www.abengoasolar.com/corp/export/sites/solar/resources/pdf/en/presentacion.pdf.
152. Concentrating solar power, energy from mirrors. 2001. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy01osti/ 28751.pdf.
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155. Solar ponds. http://www.solarponds.com.
156. Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. http://www.solarpaces.org.
157. TroughNet. Parabolic trough solar power network. http://www.nrel.gov/csp/troughnet/.
158. R. Foster, M. Ghassemi, and A. Cota. 2010. Solar energy, renewable energy and the environ-ment. CRC Press, New York.
159. W. B. Stine and M. Geyer. 2001. Power from the sun. Power from the SUN.net. http://www.powerfromthesun.net/book.htm.
160. Edward Mazria. 1979. The passive solar energy book. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA.
161. RETScreen International. http://www.retscreen.net/ang/home.php.
162. Passive Solar Design, http://www.nmsea.org/Passive_Solar/Passive_Solar_Design.htm
163. Passive Solar Design Guidelines for Northern New Mexico, http://www.nmsea.org/Education/Homeowners/Detailed_Passive_Solar_Guidelines.php
164. Sun Plans, http://www.sunplans.com
165. Passive Solar Design, http://www.apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/ building_ america/29236.pdf
166. Connective loop for transporting heat. http://www.ecohome.com/hernikl
167. Maine Solar House. http://www.solarhouse.com/main.htm
168. North Carolina State University. http://www.ncsc.ncsu.edu/house/solarhouse.html
169. Solar case studies. http://www.eren.doe.gov/buildings/case_study/casestudy.html
170. Superinsulation. http://www.public.iastate.edu/~envr_stu_324/house.htm
171. Natural Home Building Sources, http://www.thenaturalhome.com/passivestuff.html
172. Sierra Solar Systems, http://www.sierrasolar.com/ssstore/store.htm
173. Solar Components Corporation, http://www.solar-components.com/solprod.htm
174. Florida Solar Energy Center. http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/solar_hot_water/index.htm
175. North Carolina Solar Center, http://www.ncsc.ncsu.edu
176. Solar hot water. http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic= 12850
177. A sampling of homes by Davis Caves, http://www.daviscaves.com/homes.htm
178. Performance Building Systems, http://www.earthshelter.com/home.html
179. Rob Roy. Earth-sheltered houses. Mother Earth News. http://www.motherearthnews.com/Green-Homes/2006-10-01/Earth-sheltered-Homes.aspx
180. Underground Buildings: Architecture and Environment, http://www.subsurfacebuildings.com/default.asp
181. Home Sweet Earth Home, http://www.undergroundhomes.com/home.html
182. A sampling of homes by Davis Caves, http://www.daviscaves.com/homes.htm
183. Performance Building Systems, http://www.earthshelter.com/home.html
184. Rob Roy. Earth-sheltered houses. Mother Earth News. http://www.motherearthnews.com/Green-Homes/2006-10-01/Earth-sheltered-Homes.aspx
185. Underground Buildings: Architecture and Environment, http://www.subsurfacebuildings.com/default.asp
186. Home Sweet Earth Home, http://www.undergroundhomes.com/home.html
187. Suzy Banks and Richard Heinichen. 2006. Rainwater collection for the mechanically challenged. Tank Town, Dripping Springs, TX.
188. Design and construction of a straw bale house, Lowell, VT. http://www.cavedogs.com/building2.html
189. David Easton. 1996. The rammed earth house. Chelsea Green, White River Junction, VT.
190. Rex A. Ewing and Doug Pratt. 2009. Got sun? Go solar. Pixiejack Press, Masonville, CO.
191. Harvesting, storing and treating rainwater for domestic use. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/comm_exec/forms_pubs/pubs/gi/gi-366.html
192. Home Power Magazine. http://www.homepower.com
193. William H. Kemp. 2009. The renewable energy handbook. Aztext Press, Tamworth, ON, Canada.
194. S. O. MacDonald and Matts Myhrman. 1998. Build it with bales: a step by step guide to straw bale construction. 2nd ed. Treasure Chest Books, Tucson, AZ.
195. North Carolina Solar House. http://www.ncsc.ncsu.edu/solar_house.php
196. Ed Paschick and Paula Hendricks. 1995. The tire house book. Sunstone Press, Santa Fe, NM.
197. John Schaeffer. 2007. Solar living sourcebook. Galam Real Goods, Louisville, CO.
198. Straw bale. http://www.strawbale.com
199. The Last Straw, http://www.strawhomes.com
200. Athena Swentzell Steen, Bill Steen, and David Bainbridge, with David Eisenberg. 1994. The straw bale house. Cheslea Green, White River Junction, VT.
201. Vaughn Nelson and Nolan Clark. 2004. Wind water pumping. CD Web format. Alternative Energy Institute, West Texas AandM University, Canyon, TX.
202. Vaughn Nelson. 2009. Wind energy, renewable energy and the environment. CRC Press, New York.
203. National Wind Technology Center. http://www.nrel.gov/wind/resource_assessment.html.
204. V. Nelson. Wind energy. In: Texas renewable energy resource assessment, 2008. Chap. 4. http://www.seco.cpa.state.tx.us/publications/renewenergy.
205. U.S. northwest states, wind maps. http://www.windmaps.org/default.asp.
206. 3Tier. FirstLook prospecting. http://www.3tiergroup.com/wind/overview.
207. AWS Truepower Navigator. https://www.windnavigator.com/cms/.
208. Wind atlases of the world. http://www.windatlas.dk/World/About.html.
209. Remote Sensing Systems. http://www.remss.com.
210. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Physical Oceanography DAAC. Ocean winds. http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/index.htm.
211. American Wind Energy Association. Projects. http://www.awea.org/projects.
212. 20% wind energy by 2030 report. http://www.20percentwind.org/20p.aspx?page=Report.
213. Global Wind Energy Council. Global wind 2009 report. http://www.gwec.net/index.php?id=167.
214. R. Lynette and P. Gipe,. 1984. Commercial wind turbine systems and applications. In: Wind turbine technology (Spera, David A., Ed.). ASME Press, New York, Chap. 4.
215. American Wind Energy Association, http://www.awea.org/smallwind.
216. Wind diesel workshop, Girdwood, AK. 2004. http://www.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/ pdgfs/workshops/windpowering america/wkshp_2004_wind_diesel.asp.
217. G. Seifert and K. Myers. 2006. Wind-diesel hybrid power, trials and tribulations at Ascension Island. Proc Eur Energy Conf. http://www.ewec2006proceedings.info.
218. T. Forsyth and I. Baring-Gould. 2007. Distributed wind market applications. Technical Report NREL/TP-500-39851, http://www.nrel.gov/wind/pdfs/forsyth_distributed_market.pdf
219. Community wind development handbook. http://www.auri.org/research/communitywind-study/Community%20Wind%20Handbook%20UPDATED%20January%202008.pdf.
220. Wind energy integration in the urban environment. http://www.urbanwind.org.
221. Bahrain World Trade Center. http://www.bahrainwtc.com/index.htm.
222. Many countries have wind energy associations.
223. Alternative Energy Institute. http://www.windenergy.org.
224. American Wind Energy Association. http://www.awea.org.
225. Danish Wind Industry Association. http://www.windpower.org/en/knowledge.html. This is a great site; check out Guided Tour and Wind with Miller.
226. European Wind Energy Association. http://www.ewea.org.
227. Global Wind Energy Council. http://www.gwec.net.
228. National Wind Technology Center, NREL. http://www.nrel.gov/wind.
229. European Biomass Association. Statistics. http://www.aebiom.org.
230. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. Biomass combined catalog of heat and power technologies. http://www.epa.gov/chp/documents/biomass_chp_catalog.pdf.
231. Municipal solid waste generation, recycling and disposal in the United States: facts and figures for 2008. http://www.epa.gov/waste/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/msw2008rpt.pdf.
232. Environmental Protection Agency. 2009. An overview of landfill gas energy in the United Sates. http://www.epa.gov/lmop/documents/pdfs/overview.pdf.
233. Environmental Protection Agency. Landfill gas energy project development handbook. http://www.epa.gov/landfill/publications-tools/handbook.html.
234. Environmental Protection Agency. Project profiles and spreadsheets of projects and suggested project sites are available. http://www.epa.gov/lmop/projects-candidates/ operational.html.
235. World Bank-ESMAP landfill gas to energy initiative. http://www.bancomundial.org.ar/lfg/default.htm.
236. Environmental Protection Agency. 2006. Opportunities for and benefits of combined heat and power at wastewater treatment facility. http://www.epa.gov/chp/documents/chp_wwtf_opportunities.pdf.
237. G. W. Huber and B. E. Dale. July 2009. Grassoline at the pump. Sci Am, p. 52.
238. Yusuf Chisti. 2007. Biodiesel from microalgae, research review paper. Biotechnol Adv, 24, 294.
239. Robert Avant. Biomass energy. In: Texas renewable energy resource assessment, 2008, Chap. 5. Available from Texas State Energy Conservation Office, http://www.seco.cpa.state.tx.us/publications/renewenergy.
240. American Bioenergy Association. http://www.biomass.org/.
241. Annual industry outlook, previous years and 2009. http://www.ethanolrfa.org/objects/pdf/ outlook/RFA_Outlook_2009.pdf.
242. Biomass Combined Heat and Power Partnership. http://www.epa.gov/chp/basic/renewable.html.
243. Biomass energy data book. 2nd ed. http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb/index.shtml.
244. Biomass Power Association. http://www.usabiomass.org.
245. Cultivation in photoreactor. http://www.oilgae.com/algae/cult/pbr/pbr.html.
246. Department of Energy. Energy efficiency and renewable energy, biomass program. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/.
247. European Biomass Association. http://www.aebiom.org.
248. Google images. Many photos of dung for fuel are available.
249. International Energy Agency. FAQ on biogas. http://www.sgc.se/biogasfaq/.
250. Landfill gas, project development handbook. http://www.epa.gov/landfill/publications-tools/handbook.html.
251. P. J. Leman. CHP and biopower: market drivers and outlook, 2008. http://www.epa.gov/chp/documents/meeting_52508_lemar.pdf.
252. List of commercial scale anaerobic digestion plants, world. http://www.iea-biogas.net/ anlagelisten/Plantlist_08.pdf.
253. National Biodiesel Board. http://www.biodiesel.org.
254. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. http://www.nrel.gov/biomass/.
255. Oilgae, algae energy. http://www.oilgae.com.
256. Renewable Fuels Association. http://www.ethanolrfa.org. Also has a map of ethanol plant locations.
257. U.S. biomass RandD. http://www.brdisolutions.com/default.aspx.
258. U.S. Energy Information Administration. Renewable and alternative fuels. http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelrenewable.html.
259. U.N. Food and Agricultural Organization. http://www.fao.org.stastitics.
260. U.S. Department of Energy. 2008. World biofuels production potential. http://www.pi.energy.gov/documents/20080915_WorldBiofuelsProductionPotential.pdf.
261. Geothermal energy. http://www.geothermal.org/GeoEnergy.pdf.
262. D. Jennejohn. U.S. 2009. geothermal power production and development update. http://www.geo-energy.org/publications/reports/US_Geothermal_Industry_Update_Sept_29_2009_Final.pdf.
263. Geothermal Energy Association. March 2009. U.S. geothermal production and develop-ment update. http://www.geo-energy.org/reports/Industry_Update_March_Final.pdf.
264. The future of geothermal energy, impact of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS on the United States) in the 21st century. 2006. http://geothermal.inel.gov/publications/future_of_geothermal_energy.pdf.
265. J. W. Lund and P. J. Lienau. 2009. Geothermal district heating. http://80.81.229.22/IGD2009/Proceedings/PROCEEDINGS.IGD.09/PROCEEDINGS.PDF/II.1.LUND.pdf.
266. Á. Ragnarsson. 2009. Geothermal energy-its global development potential and contri-bution to mitigation of climate change. http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/Ragnarsson-WorkshopinMadrid-AR15Jun09.pdf.
267. IEA geothermal energy 12th annual report 2008. http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/GIA2008ExSumFinalpdf31Dec09.pdf.
268. O. Mettoglu. Geothermal district heating experience in Turkey. http://geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull22-2/art3.pdf.
269. M. Antics and B. Sanner. 2007. Status of geothermal energy use and resources in Europe. http://www.egec.org/target/final%20paper%20country%20update%20overview.pdf.
270. J. W. Lund. 1998. Geothermal direct-use equipment overview. GHC Bull. http://geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull19-1/art1.pdf.
271. B. Sanner. 2007. Geothermal energy for district heating applications. http://www.egec.org/target/copenhagen%20190607%20eurohp.pdf.
272. Geothermal heating district. http://www.cityofboise.org/Departments/Public_Works/Services/Geothermal/index.aspx.
273. European Heat Pump Association. Outlook 2009, European heat pump statistics, summary. http://www.ehpa.org/fileadmin/red/Heat_Pump_Statistics/European_Heat_Pump_Statistics_2008.pdf.
274. State of renewable energies in Europe. 2009. http://www.eurobserv-er.org/pdf/ barobilan9.pdf.
275. N. Deichmann, M. Mai, F. Bethmann, J. Ernst, K. Evans, D. Fäh, D. Giardini, M. Häring, S. Husen, P. Kästli, C. Bachmann, J. Ripperger, U. Schanz, and S. Wiemer (2007). Seismicity induced by water injection for geothermal reservoir stimulation 5 km below the city of Basel, Switzerland. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AGUFM.V53F..08D.
276. Geothermal Energy Association. 2009. U.S. geothermal and power production update, March. http://www.geo-energy.org/publications/reports/Industry_Update_March_Final.pdf.
277. D. Jennejohn. 2010. U.S. geothermal power production and development update-special NYC forum edition, Geothermal Energy Association. http://www.geo-energy.org/GEA_January_Update_Special_Edition_Final.pdf.
278. J. Genter. 2008. The EGS pilot plant of Soultz-sous-Forets. http://www.egec.org/target/strasbourg08/EGEC%20WS%20strasbourg%2007%20180608.pdf.
279. Alsace, France, case study. Also see the Web site http://www.soultz.net/version-en.htm.
280. A. Braxton Little. 2010. Clean energy from dirty water. Sci Am, July, 64.
281. R. Bertaini. 2009. Long term projections of geothermal-electric development in the world. http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/LongTermGeothermElecDevelopWorldBertanioffenburg-23Feb09.pdf.
282. BP. 2009. Statistical review of world energy. http://www.bp.com/productlanding.do?categoryId= 6929andcontentId=7044622. This has a section on geothermal energy.
283. Canadian Geothermal Association. http://www.cangea.ca/.
284. M. H. Dickerson and M. Faneli. 2004. What is geothermal energy? http://www.geothermal-energy.org/314, what_is_geothermal_energy.html. Provides a good overview.
285. Energy Information Administration. http://www.eia.doe.gov.
286. Energy Information Administration. 2010. Geothermal explained. http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?page=geothermal_home.
287. Europe direct use. http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/EuropeanCurrentUseandPotentialsBoissier18Jul09.pdf.
288. European Geothermal Energy Council. http://www.egec.org.
289. European Heat Pump Association. http://www.ehpa.org.
290. Geo Heat Center, Oregon Institute of Technology. http://geoheat.oit.edu
291. Geothermal Education Office. http://geothermal.marin.org/.
292. Geothermal Energy Association. http://www.geo-energy.org.
293. Geothermal energy basics. http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_geothermal.html.
294. Global Heat Flow Database of the International Heat Flow Commission. http://www.heatflow.und.edu/.
295. Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium. http://www.geoexchange.org.
296. Geothermal heat pump manufacturing activities. 2008. http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/ghpsurvey/geothermalrpt.pdf.
297. Geothermal tomorrow. 2008. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/geothermal/pdfs/geothermal_tomorrow_2008.pdf.
298. Geo4VA, Virginia Tech. http://www.geo4va.vt.edu/indexGeo4VA.htm. A good site for educa-tion and information.
299. Ground source heat pump design, keep it simple and solid. http://www.geokiss.com/index.htm.
300. Ground source heat pump: a guidebook. 3rd ed. 2007. http://www.erec.org/fileadmin/erec_docs/Projcet_Documents/RESTMAC/GSHP_brochure_v_2008.pdf.
301. Ground source heat pump information center. http://www.virtualpet.com/portals/okenergy/gshp.htm.
302. Idaho National Laboratory. Geothermal. https://inlportal.inl.gov/portal/server.pt?open=512and objID=419andmode=2andin_hi_userid=2andcached=true.
303. Interactive map, geothermal energy in the world. http://www.geothermal-energy.org/ 105, interactive_map.html.
304. Interactive map showing projects in the United States. http://geoheat.oit.edu/dusys.htm.
305. International Energy Agency. http://www.iea-gia.org/.
306. International Energy Agency. 2008. Geothermal energy 12th annual report http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/GIA2008AnnualReportFinalFigtest31Dec09.pdf.
307. International Geothermal Association. http://www.geothermal-energy.org/index.php.
308. International Ground Source Heat Pump Association. http://www.igshpa.okstate.edu/index.htm.
309. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. http://www.nrel.gov/geothermal/.
310. B. Sanner. 2008. Overview of geothermal energy use and development in Europe (power, heat and cold).http://www.geoener.es/pdf/2008/burkhard-sanner-Overview-of-geothermal-energy-use-and-development-in-europe-geoener-2008.pdf.
311. B. K. Sanyal. 2009. The future of geothermal energy. http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/FutureofGeothermalEnergyWorkshop09Sanyal17Apr09.pdf.
312. SMU Geothermal Lab. http://www.smu.edu/geothermal. Interactive map however, data only up to 2004.
313. State of renewable energies in Europe. 2009. http://www.eurobserv-er.org/pdf/barobilan9.pdf.
314. Thermal springs of the United States, interactive map. http://map.ngdc.noaa.gov/website/seg/hot_springs/viewer.
315. Joint GIA-IEA Workshop, Geothermal energy-Its global development potential and contri-bution to the mitigation of climate change, 2009. http://www.iea-gia.org/activities.asp. Very useful.
316. World geothermal. http://www.iea-gia.org/documents/LongTermGeothermElecDevelopWorld-Bertanioffenburg23Feb09.pdf.
317. Australia. http://www.ga.gov.au/minerals/research/national/geothermal/index.jsp.
318. Canada. 2009. New survey on Canada’s shallow geothermal resources. http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/1155.
319. China. A. Taylor. and Z. Li Geothermal resources in China. January 1996. Bob Lawrence and Associates, Alexandria, VA.
320. Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador. Geothermal energy in Pacific Latin America. http://www.geo.mtu.edu/~refish/Resource%20pages/GEOTHERMAL%20RESOURCES.html.
321. Europe. S. Hurtera and R. Schellschmidt. 2003. Atlas of geothermal resources in Europe. Geothermics, 32(4-6), 779.
322. Iceland. J. Ketilsson. How to define a geothermal resource, ppt. http://www.iea-gia.org/ documents/Ketilsson_IGA_GIA_meetingModSlide9Feb10pdf.pdf.
323. India. D. Chandrasekharam. 2000. Geothermal energy resources of India, Proceedings Geothermal Power Asia 2000 Conference, Manila, Philippines. February, 2000.
324. Italy. G. Buonasorte. 2008. Geological background of the Italian geothermal resources. Restamac Workshop. http://www.egec.org/target/milano08/EGEC%20WS%20milano%2004%20190508.pdf
325. Low temperature http://www.gns.cri.nz/research/geothermal/lowtemperature/.
326. Mexico. Geothermal in Mexico. 2007. http://montaraventures.com/blog/2007/11/01/geothermal-in-mexico/.
327. New Zealand. http://www.nzgeothermal.org.nz/nz_geo_fields.html.
328. North America. Geothermal map of North America. 2004. http://smu.edu/geothermal/ 2004NAMap/2004NAmap.htm.
329. Russia. Geothermal map of Russia. http://www.sgm.ru/eng/science/gbd/gis/russia_frm.html.
330. Turkey. E. D. Korkmaz Basel, U. Serpen, and A. Satman. 2009. Assessment of Turkish geothermal resources. http://earthsciences.stanford.edu/ERE/pdf/IGAstandard/SGW/2009/basel.pdf.
331. Water wheels of India. http://www.goodnewsindia.com/Pages/content/discovery/ waterwheels.html.
332. Nepal Ghatta Project. Water mills in Nepal. http://www.nathaneagle.com/ghatta.
333. Centre for Rural Technology, Nepal. http://crtnepal.org/projects.php, see gallery photos of watermills.
334. Michael T. Klare. 2001. Resource wars, the new landscape of global conflict. Metropolitan Books, New York.
335. From the new deal to a new century. http://www.tva.com/abouttva/history.htm.
336. Booneville Power Administration, History. http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/About_BPA/history.cfm.
337. Hoover Dam. http://www.usbr.gov/lc/hooverdam/History/storymain.html, www.arizona-leisure.com/hoover-dam.html.
338. Grand Coulee Dam. http://www.usbr.gov/pn/grandcoulee/.
339. Virtual Hydropower Prospector. http://hydropower.inl.gov/prospector.
340. D. G. Hall and K. S. Reeves. 2006. A study of United States hydroelectric plant owner-ship. http://hydropower.inel.gov/hydrofacts/pdfs/a_study_of_united_states_hydroelectric_plant_ownership.pdf.
341. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network. 2006. Feasibility assessment of the water energy resources of the United States for new low power and small hydro classes of hydroelectric plants. http://hydropower.inel.gov/resourceassessment/index.shtml.
342. S. Jingli, C. Dou, and R. Dongming. 2008. In: Renewable energy based Chinese un-electrified region electrification. Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, Chap. 6.
343. S. Khennas and A. Barnett. 2000. Best practices for sustainable development of micro hydro projects in developing countries. http://www.microhydropower.net/download/bestpractsynthe.pdf.
344. Microhydro. http://www.microhydropower.net.
345. Research Institute for Sustainable Energy. http://www.rise.org.au/info/Tech/tidal/index.html.
346. R. Bedard, M. Previsic, B. Polagye, G. Hagerman, and A. Casavant. 2006. North American tidal in-stream energy conversion technology feasibility. EPRI TP-008-NA. http://oceanenergy.epri.com/attachments/streamenergy/reports/008_Summary_Tidal_Report_06-10-06.pdf.
347. World Energy Council. Survey of energy resources, 2007, hydropower chapter. http://www.worldenergy.org/publications/survey_of_energy_resources_2007/hydropower/default.asp.
348. Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami. http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu.
349. Technology white paper on ocean current energy potential on U.S. continental shelf. http://ocsenergy.anl.gov/documents/docs/OCS_EIS_WhitePaper_Current.pdf.
350. Pelamis Wave Power. http://www.pelamiswave.com/index.php. Gallery and videos are available.
351. Islay LIMPET project monitoring final report. ETSU V/06/00180/00/Rep, 2002. http://www.wavegen.co.uk/pdf/art.1707.pdf.
352. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Ocean thermal energy conversion. http://www.nrel.gov/otec/.
353. Clemson University. Home-made hydraulic ram pump. http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/Equip/ram.htm.
354. Case Study, Ashden Awards. http://www.ashdenawards.org/winners/aidfoundation.
355. Local manufacture and installation of hydraulic ram pumps for village water supply. http://www.ashdenawards.org/files/reports/AIDFI_2007_technical_report.pdf.
356. Acaua Marine Power, Ocean Power Technologies. http://www.oceanpowertechnologies.com.
357. Bonneville Power Administration. 2008. Renewable energy technology roadmap (wind, ocean wave, in-stream tidal and solar). http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/business/innovation/docs/2008/RM-08_Renewables_Updated.pdf.
358. EPRI tidal in-stream energy conversion (TISEC) project. http://oceanenergy.epri.com/streamenergy.html.
359. European Ocean Energy Association. http://www.eu-oea.com.
360. Hydropower Research Foundation. http://www.hydrofoundation.org/index.html.
361. International Energy Agency, Ocean Energy Systems. http://www.iea-oceans.org.
362. International Hydropower Association. http://www.hydropower.org.
363. International Network on Small Hydro Power. http://www.inshp.org/main.asp.
364. International Small-Hydro Atlas. http://www.small-hydro.com.
365. Microhydro Power. http://practicalaction.org/energy/micro_hydro_expertise.
366. Microhydro Power. Links to case studies. http://www.microhydropower.net/index.php.
367. Micro hydro Solomon Islands. http://www.pelena.com.au/pelton_turbine.htm.
368. National Hydropower Association. http://www.hydro.org.
369. Oceanweather, current significant wave height and direction by regions of the world. http://www.oceanweather.com/data.
370. United States, Water Power Technology Program. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/ hydro_technologies.html.
371. Wavebob. http://www.wavebob.com.
372. Wave Dragon. http://www.wavedragon.net.
373. J. M. Eyer, J. J. Iannucci, and G. P. Corey. 2004. Energy storage benefits and market analysis handbook. Sandia Report, SAND2004-6177. http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2004/046177.pdf.
374. I. Gyuk. 2009. Energy storage status and progress. http://www.narucmeetings.org/Presentations/Gyuk.pdf.
375. Energy storage system projects. http://www.sandia.gov/ess/projects_home.html.
376. NOAA. December 14th, 2005, Taum Sauk Dam failure at Johnson’s Shut-In Park in southeast Missouri. http://www.crh.noaa.gov/lsx/?n=12_14_2005.
377. Flywheel energy storage. DOE/EE-0286. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/fta_flywheel.pdf.
378. Robert Foster, Majid Ghassemi, and Alma Cota. 2010. Solar energy, renewable energy and the environment. CRC Press, New York.
379. Wind-to-battery project. 2008. http://www.xcelenergy.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/docs/wind-to-battery.pdf.
380. PowerPedia: Vanadium redox batteries. http://peswiki.com/index.php/PowerPedia: Vanadium_redox_batteries.
381. Hydro Tasmania’s King Island wind farm. 2003. http://www.hydro.com.au/Documents/Renewables%20Development/5882Roaring40s.pdf.
382. M. M. Farid, A. M. Khudhair, S. A. K. Razack, and S. Al-Hallaj. 2004, A review on phase change energy storage: Materials and applications. Energy Conversion Manage, 45(9-10), 1597-1615.
383. Ald Vieira da Rosa. 2009. Fundamentals of renewable energy processes. 2nd ed. Academic Press, New York.
384. Electricity Storage Association. http://www.electricitystorage.org/ESA/home/.
385. Energy storage systems. http://www.sandia.gov/ess.
386. R. B. Schainker. 2008. Emerging technologies to increase the penetration and availability of renew-ables: energy storage-executive summary. http://www.energy.ca.gov/2008_energypolicy/documents/2008-07-31_workshop/presentations/Energy_Storage-Schainker.pdf.
387. D. A. Scherson and A. Palencsár. 2006. Batteries and electrochemical capacitors. Electrochem Soc Interface, Spring. http://www.electrochem.org/dl/interface/spr/spr06/spr06_p17-22.pdf.
388. A. Seki. 2007. Energy storage. http://www.heco.com/vcmcontent/IntegratedResource/IRP/PDF/HECO_IRP4_AG13_101707_05_Energy_Storage.pdf.
389. Cathiness Windfarm Information Forum. Summary of wind turbine accident data. http://www.caithnesswindfarms.co.uk.
390. P. Gipe. Wind energy-the breath of life or the kiss of death: Contemporary wind mortality rates. http://www.wind=works.org/articles/BreathLife.html.
391. B. Parsons, M. Milligan, B. Zavadil, D. Brooks, B. Kirby, K. Dragoon, and J. Caldwell. 2003. Grid impacts of wind power: A summary of recent studies in the United States, NREL/CP-500-34318, http://www.uwig.org/34318.pdf.
392. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2010. Recommendations of the wind turbine guide-lines advisory committee. http://www.fws.gov/habitatconservation/windpower/Wind_Turbine_Guidelines_Advisory_Committee_Recommendations_Secretary.pdf.
393. American Society for Testing and Materials. Screen process. http://www.astm.org/Standards/E1528.htm; Phase I, http://www.astm.org/Standards/E1527.htm; Phase II, http://www.astm.org/Standards/E1903.htm.
394. Avian Literature Database. NWTC Library. http://www.nrel.gov/wind.
395. National Wind Coordinating Collaborative. 2004. Wind turbine interactions with birds and bats: a summary of research results and remaining questions. http://www.nationalwind.org/publications/wildlife/wildlife_factsheet.pdf.
396. AWEA/Audubon Workshop. 2006. Understanding and resolving bird and bat impacts. http://www.awea.org/pubs/documents/01_AWEA_Audubon_Proceedings_2_24.pdf.
397. H. Scheer. 1999. Energy subsidies-a basic perspective, 2nd Conference on Financing Renewable Energies, 1999 European Wind Energy Conference.
398. D. Clement, M. Lehman, J. Hamrin, and R. Wiser. 2005. International tax incentives for renewable energy: lessons for public policy, Center for Resource Solutions, draft report. http://www.resource-solutions.org/lib/librarypdfs/IntPolicy-Renewable_Tax_Incentives.pdf.
399. The Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy (DSIRE). http://www.dsireusa.org.
400. Ethanol incentives and laws, EERE, DOE. http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/ethanol/incentives_laws.html.
401. NREL highlights leading utility green power leaders. http://www.nrel.gov/news/press/ 2009/679.html.
402. S. Krohn. 2000. Renewables in the EU single market-an economic and a policy analysis. Proc Windpower 2000, American Wind Energy Association.
403. V. Pollard. 2001. Developments in the European policy framework(s) for wind energy. Proc Windpower 2001, American Wind Energy Association.
404. German Wind Energy Association. Renewable Energy Sources Act, progress report 2007. http://www.wind-energie.de/en/topics/price-systems.
405. D. Woodfin. CREZ transmission optimization study summary, 2008. http://www.ercot.com/meetings/board/keydocs/2008/B0415/Item_6_-_CREZ_Transmission_Report_to_PUC_-_Woodfin_Bojorquez.pdf.
406. Database of State Incentives for Renewable Energy, www.dsireusa.org. Excellent site.
407. DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, www.eere.energy.gov/.
408. Energy Information Administration. Good site for summary of incentives, http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/rea_issues/windart.html.
409. D. Koplow, Fueling global warming, federal subsidies to oil in the United States, http://archive.greenpeace.org/climate/oil/fdsub.html.
410. National Wind Coordinating Committee, www.nationalwind.org/.
411. State Incentives for Renewable Energy, www.awea.org/pubs/inventory.html.
412. Wind Powering America, www.eren.doe.gov/windpoweringamerica/. Wind project calculator and state wind working group handbook.
413. Climate Change, http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/index.html.
414. EERE network. http://www.eere.energy.gov/RE/wind_economics.html.
415. EWEA. 2005. Large scale integration of wind energy in the European power supply; analysis, issues and recommendations. http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/ documents/publications/grid/051215_Grid_report.pdf.
416. EWEA. 2008. Integration of wind energy into the grid. http://www.ewea.org/index.php?id=196.
417. Fresh Energy, http://www.fresh-energy.org/.
418. Green Power Markets, Net Metering Policies, http://apps3.eere.energy.gov/greenpower/mar-kets/netmetering.shtml.
419. Green Power Network, http://apps3.eere.energy.gov/greenpower/.
420. High Plains Express Transmission Project. 2007. http://www.rmao.com/wtpp/HPX/HPX_Stakeholder_111407.pdf.
421. India. http://www.uses.net/national/India/wind/.
422. National Electric Transmission Corridor. http://nietc.anl.gov/nationalcorridor/index.cfm.
423. Sustainable Development International, http://www.sustdev.org/index.php.
424. Trading. http://www.cleanerandgreener.org/environment/introduction.htm.