4.05 - Small Fatigue Cracks

Comprehensive Structural Integrity: Nine Volume Set

Volumn 1-9, Issue , 2003, Pages 129-164

  Davidson, D ^a   Chan, K ^a   McClung, R ^a   Hudak, S ^a  

^a SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85142354549     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B0-08-043749-4/04073-8     Document Type: Chapter

References (109)

1. ASTM E647-00, 2002, Standard test method for measurement of fatigue crack growth rates. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, vol. 03.01.
2. G.I. Barenblatt (1987) On a model of small fatigue cracks. Eng. Fract. Mech. 28 623-626.
3. R.K. Bolingbroke and J.E. King (1986) The growth of short fatigue cracks in titanium alloys IM1550 and IM1318. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 129-144.
4. A. Boyd-Lee and J. E. King, 1993, In: “Fatigue Design,” ESIS 16, eds. J. Solin et al., Mech. Engineering Publications, London, UK, pp. 283–296.
5. A. Boyd-Lee and J.E. King (1994) Short fatigue crack path determinants in polycrystalline Ni-base superalloys. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 17 1-14.
6. C.W. Brown and D. Taylor (1984) The effects of texture and grain size on the short fatigue crack growth rates in Ti–6Al–4V. D.L. Davidson, S. Suresh (Eds) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fatigue Crack Growth Threshold Concepts Philadelphia, PA: The Metallurgical Society of AIME 433-446.
7. K.S. Chan (1986) Local crack-tip field parameters for large and small cracks theory and experiment. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 407-425.
8. K.S. Chan (1999) Fatigue crack growth thresholds of TiAl alloys. Y.-W. Kim, D.M. Dimiduk, M.H. Loretto (Eds) Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Gamma Titanium Aluminides Warrendale, PA: TMS 517-525.
9. K.S. Chan (2002) A microstructure-based fatigue crack initiation model for structural alloys. A.F. Blom (Eds) Proceedings of Fatigue 2002 vol. 1 West Midlands, UK: EMAS 347-354.
10. K.S. Chan and J. Lankford (1983) A crack tip strain model for the growth of small fatigue cracks. Scr. Metall. 17 529-532.
11. K.S. Chan and J. Lankford (1988) The role of microstructural dissimilitude in fatigue and fracture of small cracks. Acta Metall. 36 193-206.
12. K.S. Chan, J. Lankford and D.L. Davidson (1986) A comparison of crack-tip field parameters for large and small fatigue cracks. ASME J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 108 206-213.
13. K.S. Chan, Y.-M. Pan, D. Davidson and R.C. McClung (1997) Fatigue crack growth mechanisms in HSLA-80 steels. Mater. Sci. Eng. A A222 1-8.
14. K.S. Chan and D.S. Shih (1997) Fatigue and fracture behavior of a fine-grained lamellar TiAl alloy. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 28A 79-90.
15. K.S. Chan and D.S. Shih (1998) Fundamental aspects of fatigue and fracture in a TiAl sheet alloy. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 29A 73-87.
16. R.G. Chermahini and A.F. Blom (1991) Variation of crack-opening stresses in three-dimensions: finite thickness plate. Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. 15 267-276.
17. R.G. Chermahini, K.N. Shivakumar and J.C. Newman Jr. (1988) Three-dimensional finite-element simulation of fatigue crack growth and closure. J.C. Newman, Jr.,W. Elber (Eds) Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Closure, ASTM STP 982 Philadelphia, PA: ASTM 398-413.
18. M.A. Daeubler and A.W. Thompson (1986) Microstructural effects on short fatigue cracks in eutectoid steels. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 157-164.
19. D.L. Davidson (1992) The experimental mechanics of microcracks. Small-Crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149 ASTM 81-91.
20. D.L. Davidson (1999) Fatigue crack tip constraint and closure as a function of crack length. K.S. Ravichandran, R.O. Ritchie, Y. Murakami (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Oxford: Elsevier 109-118.
21. D.L. Davidson (2000) Mixed mode crack opening displacement measurements for small fatigue cracks growing in Astroloy at 20°C. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 23 445-452.
22. D.L. Davidson and J.B. Campbell (1996) R.H. Jones, D.R. Baer (Eds) New Techniques for Characterizing Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 163-174.
23. D.L. Davidson, K.S. Chan and R.C. McClung (1996) Cu-bearing high-strength low-alloy steels: The influence of microstructure on the initiation and growth of small fatigue cracks. Metall. Trans. A 27 2540-2556.
24. D.L. Davidson and S.J. Hudak Jr. (1995) The crack-tip mechanics and growth rates of small fatigue cracks in ASTROLOY. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 26 2247-2257.
25. E.R. de los Rios, H.J. Mohamed and K.J. Miller (1985) A micro-mechanics analysis for short fatigue crack growth. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 8 49-63.
26. V.S. Deshpande, A. Needleman and E. Van der Giessen (2003) Discrete dislocation plasticity modeling of short cracks in single crystals. Acta Mater. 51 1-15.
27. H. Doker, V. Bachmann and G. Marci (1982) J. Backlund, A. Blom, C. Beevers (Eds) Fatigue Thresholds vol. 1 Warley, UK: EMAS 45-57.
28. N.E. Dowling (1977) Crack growth during low-cycle fatigue of smooth axial specimens. Cyclic Stress–Strain and Plastic Deformation Aspects of Fatigue Crack Growth, ASTM STP 637 Philadelphia, PA: ASTM 97-121.
29. D.S. Dugdale (1960) Yielding of steel sheets containing slits. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 8 100-104.
30. M.H. El Haddad, N.E. Dowling, T.H. Topper and K.N. Smith (1980) J-integral application for short fatigue cracks at notches. Int. J. Fract. 16 15-30.
31. M.H. El Haddad, K.N. Smith and T.H. Topper (1979) Fatigue crack propagation of short cracks. ASME J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 101 42-46.
32. N. A. Fleck and J. C. Newman, Jr., 1988, Analysis of crack closure under plane strain conditions. In: “Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Closure, ASTM STP 982,” pp. 319–341.
33. N.E. Frost, K.I. Marsh and L.P. Pook (1974) Metal Fatigue in Engineering New York: Wiley
34. S.C. Forth, J.C. Newman Jr. and R.G. Forman (2002) Generating fatigue crack growth thresholds with constant amplitude loads. A.F. Blom (Eds) Fatigue 2002 Vol. 4 West Midlands, UK: EMAS 2337-2344.
35. R.P. Gangloff (1981) The criticality of crack size in aqueous corrosion fatigue. Res. Mech. Lett. 1 299-306.
36. R.P. Gangloff (1984) Oxygen inhibition model of the chemical crack size effect in corrosion fatigue. R.P. Gangloff (Eds) Embrittlement by the Localized Crack Environment Warrendale, PA: TMS-AIME 265-290.
37. R.P. Gangloff (1985) Crack size effects on the chemical driving force for aqueous corrosion fatigue. Metall. Trans. 16A 953-969.
38. R.P. Gangloff, D.C. Slavik, R.S. Piascik and R.H. Van Stone (1992) Direct current electrical potential measurement of the growth of small cracks. J.M. Larsen, J.E. Allison (Eds) Small-crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149 ASTM 116-168.
39. R.P. Gangloff and R.P. Wei (1986) Small crack-environment interactions—the hydrogen embrittlement perspective. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 239-264.
40. R.W. Hamm and W.S. Johnson (1999) A unification of small- and large-crack growth laws. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 22 711-722.
41. R. Hertzberg, W.A. Herman, T. Clark and R. Jaccard (1992) Simulation of short crack and other low closure loading conditions utilizing constant Kmax ΔK-decreasing fatigue crack growth procedures. Small-crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149 ASTM 197-220.
42. S.J. Hudak Jr. (1981) Small crack behavior and the prediction of fatigue life. ASME J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 103 26-35.
43. S.J. Hudak Jr. and K.S. Chan (1986) In search of a driving force to characterize the kinetics of small crack growth. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 379-405.
44. S.J. Hudak Jr., K.S. Chan, G.G. Chell, Y.-D. Lee and R.C. McClung (2002) A damage tolerance approach for predicting the threshold stresses for high cycle fatigue in the presence of supplemental damage. Fatigue—David L. Davidson Symposium TMS 107-120.
45. S.J. Hudak Jr. and D.L. Davidson (1988) The dependence of crack closure on fatigue loading variables. J.C. Newman, W. Elber (Eds) Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Closure, ASTM STP 982 Philadelphia, PA: ASTM 121-138.
46. M.N. James and W.N. Sharpe (1989) Closure development and crack opening displacement in the short crack regime for fine and coarse grained A533B steel. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 12 347-361.
47. J.M. Kendall and J.E. King (1988) Short fatigue crack growth behavior: data analysis effects. Int. J. Fatigue 10 163-170.
48. H. Kitagawa and S. Takahashi, 1967, In: “Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Boston, Massachusetts,” pp. 627–631.
49. H.S. Lamba (1975) The J-integral applied to cyclic loading. Eng. Fract. Mech. 7 693-703.
50. J. Lankford (1982) The growth of small fatigue cracks in 7075-T6 aluminum. Fatigue Eng. Mater. Struct. 5 233-248.
51. J. Lankford and D.L. Davidson (1984) Near-threshold crack tip strain and crack opening for large and small fatigue cracks. Fatigue Crack Growth Threshold Concepts Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 447-463.
52. J. M. Larsen and J. E. Allison (eds.), 1992, In: “Small-crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149,” American Society for Testing and Materials.
53. J. M. Larsen, J. R. Jira and K. S. Ravichandran, 1992, Measurement of small cracks by photomicroscopy—experiments and analysis. In: “Small-crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149,” ASTM, pp. 57–80.
54. R.C. McClung (1991) The influence of applied stress, crack length, and stress intensity factor on crack closure. Metall. Trans. A 22 1559-1571.
55. R.C. McClung (1991) A simple model for fatigue crack growth near stress concentrations. J. Pres. Ves. Technol. 113 542-548.
56. R. C. McClung, 1996, In: “Proceedings of Fatigue 96: The 6th International Fatigue Congress, Berlin, Germany,” vol. 1, pp. 113–130.
57. R.C. McClung (2000) Analysis of fatigue crack closure during simulated threshold testing. J.C. Newman, R.S. Piascik (Eds) Fatigue Crack Growth Thresholds, Endurance Limits, and Design, ASTM STP 1372 ASTM 209-226.
58. R.C. McClung, G.G. Chell, D.A. Russell and G.E. Orient (1997) A practical methodology for elastic–plastic fatigue crack growth. R.S. Piascik, J.C. Newman, N.E. Dowling (Eds) Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics: 27th Volume, ASTM STP 1296 ASTM 317-337.
59. R.C. McClung and D.L. Davidson (1991) High resolution numerical and experimental studies of fatigue cracks. Eng. Fract. Mech. 39 113-130.
60. R.C. McClung and D.L. Davidson (1999) Near-tip and remote characterization of plasticity-induced fatigue crack closure. R.C. McClung, J.C. Newman, Jr. (Eds) Advances in Fatigue Crack Closure Measurement and Analysis: Second Volume, ASTM STP 1343 West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM 106-127.
61. R.C. McClung and H. Sehitoglu (1992) Closure and growth of fatigue cracks at notches. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 114 1-7.
62. R.C. McClung, B.H. Thacker and S. Roy (1991) Finite element visualization of fatigue crack closure in plane stress and plane strain. Int. J. Fract. 50 27-49.
63. D.L. McDowell (1996) Basic issues in the mechanics of high cycle metal fatigue. Int. J. Fract. 80 103-145.
64. K.J. Miller (1987) The behaviour of short fatigue cracks and their initiation: Part II. General summary. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 10 93-113.
65. K.J. Miller (1993) Materials science perspective of metal fatigue resistance. Mater. Sci. Technol. 9 453-462.
66. K.J. Miller (1997) The three thresholds for fatigue crack propagation. R.S. Piascik, J.C. Newman, N.E. Dowling (Eds) Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics: 27th Volume, ASTM STP 1296 ASTM 267-286.
67. K. J. Miller and E. R. de los Rios (eds.), 1986, “The Behavior of Short Fatigue Cracks,” European Group on Fracture, Publication No. 1.
68. K. J. Miller and E. R. de los Rios (eds.), 1992, “Short Fatigue Cracks,” European Structural Integrity Society, Publication 13, Mechanical Engineering Publications, London.
69. NASGRO™, 2002, Reference Manual, Version 4.01, Southwest Research Institute.
70. A. Navarro and E.R. de los Rios (1988) An alternative model of the blocking of dislocations at grain boundaries. Phil. Mag. 57 37-42.
71. J. C. Newman, Jr., 1983, Nonlinear fracture mechanics approach to the growth of small cracks. In: “Behaviour of Short Cracks in Airframe Components, AGARD CP-328,” ed. H. Zocher, pp. 6.1–6.26.
72. J.C. Newman Jr. (1984) A crack opening stress equation for fatigue crack growth. Int. J. Fract. 24 R131-R135.
73. J.C. Newman Jr. (1994) A review of modeling small-crack behavior and fatigue-life predictions for aluminum alloys. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 17 429-439.
74. J.C. Newman Jr. (1995) Fatigue-life prediction methodology using a crack-closure model. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 117 433-439.
75. J. C. Newman, Jr., 2002, Advances in finite-element modeling of fatigue-crack growth and fracture. In: “Proceedings of Fatigue 2002,” ed. A. F. Blom, West Midlands, UK, vol. 1, pp. 55–70.
76. J.C. Newman, M.H. Swain Jr. and E.P. Phillips (1986) An assessment of the small-crack effect for 2024-T3 aluminum alloy. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: The Metallurgical Society 427-452.
77. H. Nisitani, N. Kawagoishi and M. Goto (1994) A. Carpinteri (Eds) Handbook of Fatigue Crack Propagation in Metallic Structures Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier 733-778.
78. S. Pearson (1975) Initiation of fatigue cracks in commercial aluminum alloys and the subsequent propagation of very short cracks. Eng. Fract. Mech. 7 235-247.
79. J. Petit (1999) Influence of environment on small fatigue crack growth. K.S. Ravichandran, R.O. Ritchie, Y. Murakami (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks: Mechanics, Mechanisms, and Applications Elsevier 167-178.
80. R. S. Piascik, 1999, The growth of small corrosion fatigue cracks in alloy 7050. In: “Proceedings of FATIGUE ’99 Conference Volume IV,” eds. X.-R. Wu and Z.-G. Wang, pp. 2237–2242.
81. R.S. Piascik and S.A. Willard (1994) The growth of small corrosion fatigue cracks in alloy 2024. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 17 1247-1259.
82. K.S. Ravichandran and J.M. Larsen (1992) Behavior of small and large fatigue cracks in Ti-24Al-11Nb—effects of crack shape, microstructure and closure. H.A. Ernst, A. Saxena, D.L. McDowell (Eds) Proceedings of Fracture Mechanics: 22nd Symposium, ASTM STP 1131 vol. I Philadelphia, PA: ASTM 727-748.
83. K.S. Ravichandran, R.O. Ritchie and Y. Murakami (Eds) (1999) Small Fatigue Cracks: mechanics, Mechanisms, and Applications Oxford, UK: Elsevier
84. W. T. Riddell, R. S. Piascik, M. A. Sutton, W. Zhao, S. R. McNeill and J. D. Helm, 1999, Determining fatigue crack opening loads from near-crack-tip displacement measurements. In: “Advances in Fatigue Crack Closure Measurement and Analysis, ASTM STP 1343,” 157–174.
85. R.O. Ritchie and J. Lankford (Eds) (1986) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: Metallurgical Society
86. R.O. Ritchie and J.O. Peters (2001) Small fatigue cracks: Mechanics, mechanisms, and engineering applications. Mater. Trans. 42 58-67.
87. R.O. Ritchie and S. Suresh (1982) Some considerations on fatigue crack closure at near-threshold stress intensities due to fracture surface morphology. Metall. Trans. A 13 937-940.
88. R.O. Ritchie and W. Yu (1986) Short crack effects in fatigue—a consequence of crack tip shielding. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks Warrendale, PA: TMS 167-189.
89. H. Sehitoglu and W. Sun (1991) Modeling of plane strain fatigue crack closure. ASME, J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 113 31-40.
90. C.F. Shih and J.W. Hutchinson (1976) Fully plastic solutions and large scale yielding estimates for plane stress crack problems. AMSE Trans., J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 98 289-295.
91. S. Suresh (1985) Fatigue crack deflection and fracture surface contact: micromechanical models. Metall. Trans. A 16A 249-260.
92. S. Suresh (1998) Fatigue of Materials 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
93. S. Suresh and R.O. Ritchie (1982) A geometric model for fatigue crack closure induced by fracture surface roughness. Metall. Trans. A 13A 1627-1631.
94. S. Suresh and R.O. Ritchie (1984) The propagation of short fatigue cracks. Int. Metals. Rev. 29 445-476.
95. M.H. Swain (1992) Monitoring small-crack growth by the replication method. Small-Crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149 ASTM 34-56.
96. K. Tanaka (1983) The cyclic J-integral as a criterion for fatigue crack growth. Int. J. Fract. 22 91-104.
97. K. Tanaka, 1985, Short-crack fracture mechanics in fatigue conditions. In: “Current Research on Fatigue Cracks,” Materials Research Series, eds. T. Tanaka, M. Jono and K. Komai, The Society of Materials Science, Japan, vol. 1, pp. 79–100.
98. K. Tanaka, Y. Nakai and M. Yamashita (1981) Fatigue growth threshold of small cracks. Int. J. Fract. 17 519-532.
99. D. Taylor and O.M. Clancy (1991) The fatigue performance of machined surfaces. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 14 329-336.
100. K. Tokaji, T. Ogawa and S. Osako (1988) The growth of microstructurally small fatigue cracks in a ferritic-pearlitic steel. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 11 331-342.
101. T.H. Topper and M.H. El Haddad (1981) Fatigue strength prediction of notches based on fracture mechanics. J. Bäcklund, A.F. Blom, C.J. Beevers (Eds) Fatigue Thresholds: Fundamentals and Engineering Applications Warley, UK: Engineering Materials Advisory Services 777-798.
102. A. Turnbull (1982) A theoretical evaluation of the influence of mechanical variables on the concentration of oxygen in a corrosion fatigue crack. Corr. Sci 22 877-893.
103. A. Ueno and H. Kishimoto (2001) S. Stanzl-Tschegg, H. Mayer (Eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Fatigue in the Very High Cycle Regime Vienna, Austria: University of Agricultural Sciences 111-117.
104. W.V. Vaidya (1992) Fatigue threshold regime of a low alloy ferritic steel under closure-free testing conditions: Part II. Hysteresis in near-threshold fatigue crack propagation: An experimental assessment. J. Test. Eval. 20 168-179.
105. L. Wagner, J.K. Gregory, A. Gysler and G. Luetjering (1986) Propagation behavior of short cracks in a Ti-8.6Al alloy. R.O. Ritchie, J. Lankford (Eds) Small Fatigue Cracks The Metallurgical Society 117-128.
106. C.H. Wang (1996) Effect of stress ratio on short fatigue crack growth. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 118 362-366.
107. C.H. Wang and J.W. Hutchinson (2001) Interactions of fatigue cracks with elastic obstacles. Int. J. Fract. 109 263-283.
108. A.J. Wilkinson, S.G. Roberts and P.B. Hirsch (1998) Modelling the threshold conditions for propagation of stage 1 fatigue cracks. Acta Mater. 46 379-390.
109. D.R. Williams, D.L. Davidson and J. Lankford (1980) Fatigue crack tip plastic strains by the stereoimaging technique. Exp. Mech. 20 134-139.