Making the international health regulations matter: Promoting compliance through effective dispute resolution

Routledge Handbook of Global Health Security

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 239-251

  Hoffman, Steven J ^a,b  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85106070553     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203078563-21     Document Type: Chapter

References (60)

1. Aldis, W. (2008) ‘Health security as a public health concept: a critical analysis’, Health Policy and Planning, 23: 369-375.
2. Arsanjani, M.H. (1981) ‘Claims against international organizations: ouis custodiet ipsos custodes’, Yale Journal of World Public Order, 7: 131-176.
3. Baker, M.G. and Forsyth, A.M. (2007) ‘The new International Health Regulations: a revolutionary change in global health security’, New Zealand Medical Journal, 120: e1-8.
4. Bhattacharya, D. (2007) ‘An exploration of conceptual and temporal fallacies in international health law and promotion of global public health preparedness’, Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics, 35: 588-598.
5. Bonventre, E.V., Hicks, K.H. and Okutani, S.M. (2009) U.S. National Security and Global Health: An Analysis of Global Health Engagement by the U.S. Department of Defense, Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies.
6. Bosch, J. (2001) ‘The role of ADR in the construction of the Hong Kong Airport and the Maeslant Water Barrier’, Construction Law Journal, 17: 498-506.
7. Brown, H.J. and Marriott, A.L. (1993) ADR Principles and Practice, London: Sweet & Maxwell.
8. Chan, M. (2013) WHO Director-General addresses the Sixty-Sixth World Health Assembly, Geneva: World Health Organization.
9. Economist. (2013, April 20) ‘Coming, ready or not: despite progress, the world is still unprepared for a new pandemic disease’, Economist. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
10. Edge, J.S. and Hoffman, S.J. (in press) ‘Strengthening national health systems’ capacity to respond to future global pandemics’, in S.E. Davies and J. Youde (eds.) The Politics of Disease Outbreak Surveillance: The New Frontier for States and Non-State Actors, Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.
11. Emond, D.P. (1989) ‘Alternative dispute resolution: a conceptual overview’, in D.P. Emond (ed.) Commercial Dispute Resolution, Toronto: Canada Law Book.
12. Enserink, M. (2007) ‘Avian influenza: Indonesia earns flu accord at World Health Assembly’, Science, 316: 1108.
13. Feldbaum, H. (2009) U.S. Global Health and National Security Policy, Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies.
14. Fidler, D.P. and Gostin, L.O. (2006) ‘The new International Health Regulations: an historic development for international law and public health’, Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics, 34: 85-94.
15. G20. (2013) G20 Leaders’ Declaration. September. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
16. Ginsburg, T. and McAdams, R. (2004) ‘Adjudicating in anarchy: an expressive theory of international dispute resolution’, William and Mary Law Review, 45: 1229-1339.
17. Harada, N., Alexander, N. and Olowokure, B. (2013) ‘Avian influenza A(H7N9): information-sharing through government web sites in the Western Pacific Region’, Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal, 4: 44-46.
18. Hoffman, S.J. (2010) ‘The evolution, etiology and eventualities of the global health security regime’, Health Policy and Planning, 25: 510-522.
19. Hoffman, S.J. (2012) ‘Mitigating inequalities of influence among states in global decision making’, Global Policy Journal, 3: 421-432.
20. Hoffman, S.J. and Røttingen, J.-A. (2012) ‘Assessing implementation mechanisms for an international agreement on research and development for health products’, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 90: 854-863.
21. Hoffman, S.J. and Røttingen, J.-A. (2014) ‘Split WHO in two: strengthening political decision-making and securing independent scientific advice’, Public Health, 128: 188-194.
22. Howard-Jones, N. (1975) The Scientific Background of the International Sanitary Conferences, 1851-1938, Geneva: World Health Organization.
23. Ijaz, K., Kasowski, E., Arthur, R.R., Angulo, F.J. and Dowell, S.F. (2012) ‘International Health Regulations - what gets measured gets done’, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 18: 1054-1057.
24. International Chamber of Commerce. (2004) Dispute Board Rules, Paris: International Chamber of Commerce.
25. International Court of Justice. (1945) Statute of the International Court of Justice, New York: United Nations.
26. International Court of Justice. (1950) ‘Interpretation of peace treaties: advisory opinion’, I.C.J. Reports (30 March): 65-119. The Hague: International Court of Justice.
27. International Court of Justice. (1996) ‘Legality of the use by a state of nuclear weapons in armed conflict: advisory opinion’, I.C.J. Reports (8 July): 66-85. The Hague: International Court of Justice.
28. Kanowitz, L. (1986) Cases and Materials on Alternative Dispute Resolution, St. Paul: West Publishing Company.
29. Klabbers, J. (2009) An Introduction to International Institutional Law, 2nd ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
30. Klabbers, J. and Vreugdenhil, A. (1986) ‘Dispute settlement in GATT: DISC and its successor’, Legal Issues of Economic Integration, 1: 115-138.
31. Lancet. (1892) ‘The Venice Sanitary Conference’, Lancet, 139: 95.
32. Lancet. (2004) ‘Public-health preparedness requires more than surveillance’, Lancet, 364: 1639-1640.
33. Lancet. (2007) ‘WHO fails to address health security’, Lancet, 370: 714.
34. Lewis, D. (2002) ‘Dispute resolution in the new Hong Kong International Airport Core Programme Projects - postscript’, International Construction Law Review, 19: 68-78.
35. McDougall, C.W. and Wilson, K. (2007) ‘Canada’s obligations to global public health security under the revised International Health Regulations’, Health Law Review, 16: 25-32.
36. McGoldrick, D. (1991) The Human Rights Committee: Its Role in the Development of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
37. Merianosa, A. and Peiris, M. (2005) ‘International Health Regulations (2005)', Lancet, 366: 1249-1251.
38. Permanent Court of International Justice. (1923) Status of the Eastern Carelia: Advisory Opinion: PCIJ, Series B, No. 5, 23 July. The Hague: Permanent Court of International Justice.
39. Peterson, S. (2002) ‘Epidemic disease and national security’, Security Studies, 12: 43-81.
40. Rubin, H. and Arroyo, A. (2007) The International Compact for Infectious Diseases, Philadelphia: Institute for Strategic Threat Analysis and Response at the University of Pennsylvania.
41. Sandborg, D.L. (1999) ‘Multistep ADR gets creative at Hong Kong’s new airport’, Alternatives to the High Cost of Litigation, 17: 41-61.
42. Sedyaningsih, E.R., Isfandari, S., Soendoro, T. and Supari, S.F. (2008) ‘Towards mutual trust, transparency and equity in virus sharing mechanism: The avian influenza case of Indonesia’, Annals Academy of Medicine of Singapore, 37: 482-488.
43. Sturtevant, J.L., Anema, A. and Brownstein, J.S. (2007) ‘The new International Health Regulations: considerations for global public health surveillance’, Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1: 117-121.
44. Suk, J.E. (2007) ‘Sound science and the new International Health Regulations’, Global Health Governance, 1: 1-4.
45. United Nations. (1945) Charter of the United Nations, New York: United Nations.
46. United Nations. (1946) Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations: Adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 13 February 1946, New York: United Nations.
47. United Nations. (2008, March 5) ‘Top UN mediation team now on call for crises around the world’. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
48. US Department of Health & Human Services. (2014) Global Health Security Agenda: Toward a World Safe and Secure from Infectious Disease Threats, Washington DC: US Department of Health & Human Services. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
49. WHO Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health. (2006) Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights, Geneva: World Health Organization. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
50. WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. (2001) Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic Development, Geneva: World Health Organization.
51. WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health. (2008) Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity through Action on the Social Determinants of Health: Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health, Geneva: World Health Organization.
52. Wilson, K., Tigerstrom, B. and McDougall, C. (2008) ‘Protecting global health security through the International Health Regulations: requirements and challenges’, Canadian Medical Association Journal, 179: 44-48.
53. Wise, J. (2008) ‘UK steps up its global health security’, Lancet Infectious Diseases, 8: 350.
54. World Bank. (2007) Standard Bidding Documents: Procurement of Works and User’s Guide, Washington DC: World Bank.
55. World Economic Forum. (2013) Global Risks 2013: Eighth Edition, Geneva: World Economic Forum. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
56. World Health Organization (WHO). (2006) International Health Regulations (2005), Geneva: World Health Organization.
57. World Health Organization (WHO). (2007a, March 27) ‘Indonesia to resume sharing H5N1 avian influenza virus samples following a WHO meeting in Jakarta’. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).
58. World Health Organization (WHO). (2007b) World Health Report 2007: A Safer Future: Global Public Health Security in the 21st Century, Geneva: World Health Organization.
59. World Health Organization (WHO). (2011a) Report by the Director-General - Implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005): Report of the Review Committee on the Functioning of the International Health Regulations (2005) in relation to Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, A64/10 ed, Geneva: World Health Organization.
60. World Health Organization (WHO). (2011b) Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for the Sharing of Influenza Viruses and Access to Vaccines and Other Benefits, Geneva: World Health Organization. Online. Available HTTP: (accessed 25 February 2014).