Developmental morphology and tiller dynamics of warm-season grass swards

Native Warm-Season Grasses: Research Trends and Issues

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 49-66

  Mitchell, Rob B ^a   Moser, Lowell E ^b  

^a TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN   (United States)

Author keywords

Air temperature; Big bluestem; Canopy development; Developmental morphology; Monocultures; Photoperiod; Switchgrass; Tiller dynamics; Warm season grass swards

Indexed keywords

EID: 85103063337     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.2135/cssaspecpub30.c4     Document Type: Chapter

References (43)

1. Allard, G., C.J. Nelson, and S.G. Pallardy. 1991. Shade effects on growth of tall fescue: I. Leaf anatomy and dry matter partitioning. Crop Sci. 31: 163-167.
2. Allard, H.A., and M.W. Evans. 1941. Growth and flowering of some tame and wild grasses in response to different photoperiods. J. Agric. Res. 62: 193-228.
3. Anderson, B., and A.G. Matches. 1983. Forage yield, quality, and persistence of switchgrass and Caucasian bluestem. Agron. J. 75: 119-124.
4. Benedict, H.M. 1941. Effect of day length and temperature on the flowering and growth of four species of grasses. J. Agric. Res. 61: 661-672.
5. Briske, D.D. 1991. Developmental morphology and physiology of grasses, p. 85-108. In R.K. Heitschmidt and J.W. Stuth (ed.) Grazing management: an ecological perspective. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
6. Cuomo, G.J. 1992. Burning and defoliation effects on the vigor and productivity of three warm-season grasses. Ph.D. diss. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.
7. Dahl, B.E., and D.N. Hyder. 1977. Developmental morphology and management implications, p. 257-290. In R.E. Sosebee (ed.) Rangeland plant physiology. Soc. for Range Manage., Denver, CO.
8. Esau, K. 1960. Anatomy of seed plants. John Wiley, New York.
9. Fehr, W.R., and C.E. Caviness. 1977. Stages of soybean development. Iowa Coop. Ext. Serv. Spec. Rep. 80. Iowa State Univ., Ames.
10. Frank, A. 1996. Evaluating grass development for grazing management. Rangelands 18: 106-109.
11. Gillen, R.L., and A.L. Ewing. 1992. Leaf development of native bluestem grasses in relation to degree-day accumulation. J. Range Manage. 45: 200-204.
12. Haun, J.R. 1973. Visual quantification of wheat development. Agron. J. 65: 116-119.
13. Hendrickson, J.R. 1992. Developmental morphology of two Nebraska Sandhills grasses and its relationship to forage quality. M.S. thesis. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.
14. Hyder, D.N. 1972. Defoliation in relation to vegetative growth, p. 302-317. In V.B. Youngner and CM. McKell (ed.) The biology and utilization of grasses. Academic Press, New York.
15. Kalu, B.A., and G.W. Fick. 1981. Quantifying morphological development of alfalfa for studies of herbage quality. Crop Sci. 21: 267-271.
16. Langer, R., S. Ryle, and O. Jewiss. 1964. The changing plant and tiller populations of timothy and meadow fescue swards: I. Plant survival and the pattern of tillering. J. Appl. Ecol. 1: 197-208.
17. Matthew, C., C.K. Black, and B.M. Butler. 1993. Tiller dynamics of perennation in three herbage grasses, p. 141-143. In M.J. Baker, et al. (ed.) Proc. 17th Int. Grassl. Congr., Palmerston North, NZ. 8-21 February 1993.
18. Mauseth, J.D. 1988. Plant anatomy. Benjamin/Cummings Publ. Co., Menlo Park, CA.
19. Mitchell, R.B. 1995. Developmental morphology and forage quality relationships in perennial forage grasses. Ph.D. diss. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.
20. Mitchell, R.B., K.J. Moore, L.E. Moser, J.O. Fritz, and D.D. Redfearn. 1997a. Predicting developmental morphology in switchgrass and big bluestem. Agron. J. 89: 827-832.
21. Mitchell, R.B., K.J. Moore, L.E. Moser, and D.D. Redfearn. 1998. Tiller demographics and leaf area index of four perennial grasses. Agron. J. 90: 47-53.
22. Mitchell, R.B., L.E. Moser, and K.J. Moore. 1997b. Relationships of visual and quantitative methods of grass sward development, p. 7-7-7-8. In Proc. 18th Int. Grassl. Congr., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 8-19 June 1997.
23. Moore, K.J., and L.E. Moser. 1995. Quantifying developmental morphology of perennial grasses. Crop Sci. 35: 37-43.
24. Moore, K.J., L.E. Moser, K.P. Vogel, S.S. Waller, B.E. Johnson, and J.F. Pedersen. 1991. Describing and quantifying growth stages of perennial forage grasses. Agron. J. 83: 1073-1077.
25. Moser, L.E., and K.P. Vogel. 1995. Switchgrass, big bluestem, and indiangrass. p. 409-420. In R.F Barnes et al. (ed.) Forages: An introduction to grassland agriculture. 5th ed. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames.
26. Murphy, J.S., and D.D. Briske. 1992. Regulation of tillering by apical dominance: Chronology, interpretive value, and current perspectives. J. Range Manage. 45: 419-429.
27. Nelson, C.J. 1996. Physiology and developmental morphology, p. 87-125. In L.E. Moser et al. (ed.) Cool-season forage grasses. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI.
28. Nelson, C., and L. Moser. 1994. Plant factors affecting forage quality, p. 115-154. In G.C. Fahey, Jr., et al. (ed.) Forage quality, evaluation, and utilization. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI.
29. Phillips, T.G., J.T. Sullivan, M.E. Loughlin, and V.G. Sprague. 1954. Chemical composition of some forage grasses: I. Changes with plant maturity. Agron. J. 46: 361-369.
30. Rechenthin, C.A. 1956. Elementary morphology of grass growth and how it affects utilization. J. Range Manage. 9: 167-170.
31. Redfearn, D., K. Moore, K. Vogel, S. Waller, and R. Mitchell. 1997. Canopy architecture and morphology of switchgrass populations differing in forage yield. Agron. J. 89: 262-269.
32. Salisbury, F.B., and C.W. Ross. 1985. Plant physiology. Wadsworth Publ. Co., Belmont, CA.
33. Sanderson, M.A. 1992. Morphological development of switchgrass and kleingrass. Agron. J. 84: 415-419.
34. Sanderson, M.A., C.P. West, K.J. Moore, J. Stroup, and J. Moravec. 1997. Comparison of morphological development indexes for switchgrass and bermudagrass. Crop Sci. 37: 871-878.
35. Simon, U., and B.H. Park. 1983. A descriptive scheme for stages of development in perennial forage grasses, p. 416-418. In J.A. Smith and V.W Hays (ed.) Proc. 14th Int. Grassl. Congr., Lexington, KY. 15-24 June 1981. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
36. Stauss, R. 1994. Compendium of growth stage identification keys for mono- and dicotyledonous plants. Extended BBCH scale. Ciba-Geigy AG, Basel, Switzerland.
37. Vallentine, J.F. 1990. Grazing management. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
38. Vanderlip, R.L. 1972. How a sorghum plant develops. Kansas Coop. Ext. Serv. Res. Bull. C-447. Kansas State Univ., Manhattan.
39. Waller, S.S., L.E. Moser, and R.E. Reece. 1985. Understanding grass growth: The key to profitable livestock production. Trabón Printing Co., Kansas City, MO.
40. Walton, P.D. 1983. Production and management of cultivated forages. Reston Publ. Co., Reston, VA.
41. Welles, J.M., and J.M. Norman. 1991. Instrument for indirect measurement of canopy architecture. Agron. J. 83: 818-825.
42. Wilson, J.R. 1976. Variation of leaf characteristics with level of insertion on a grass tiller: I. Development rate, chemical composition and dry matter digestibility. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 27: 343-354.
43. Zadoks, J.T., T.T. Chang, and C.F. Konzak. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res. 14: 415-421.