Economic disengagement and class formation in zaire

The Precarious Balance: State and Society In Africa

Volumn , Issue , 2019, Pages 171-188

  MacGaffey, Janet ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 85084874449     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780429314063-7     Document Type: Chapter

References (40)

1. Edgar L. Feige’s study of the underground economy in the United States, “How Big is the Irregular Economy?" Challenge: the Magazine of Economic Affairs (Nov.-Dec. 1979).
2. Thomas M. Callaghy, The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in Comparative Perspective (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984), p. 142.
3. Thomas M. Callaghy, The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in Comparative Perspective (New York: Columbia University Press, 1984), pp. 48-49.
4. Nelson Kasfir, “Relating Class to State in Africa,” Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Studies, 21 (1983): 14.
5. Nelson Kasfir, “Relating Class to State in Africa,” Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Studies, 21 (1983) p. 15.
6. Nelson Kasfir, “Relating Class to State in Africa,” Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Studies, 21 (1983) pp. 9-10.
7. Callaghy, The State-Society Struggle, pp. 370-371.
8. Callaghy, The State-Society Struggle, pp. 184-186.
9. John Iliffe, The Emergence of African Capitalism (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983), p. 81.
10. Henry Bernstein, “Notes on Capital and Peasantry,” Review of African Political Economy, 10 (1977): 60-73.
11. David Goodman and Michael Redclift, From Peasant to Proletarian (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1982), p. 54.
12. Frederick Cooper, “Urban Space, Industrial Time and Wage Labor in Africa,” in idem, ed., The Struggle for the City (Beverly Hills: Sage, 1983), p. 29.
13. Frederick Cooper, “Urban Space, Industrial Time and Wage Labor in Africa,” in idem, ed., The Struggle for the City (Beverly Hills: Sage, 1983) p. 16.
14. Claude Meillassoux, Anthropologie économique des Gouro de Côte d’Ivoire (Paris, Mouton, 1964).
15. Goodman and Redclift, From Peasant to Proletarian, pp. 88-89.
16. Bernstein, “Notes on Capital and Peasantry,” p. 69.
17. Goodman and Redclift, From Peasant to Proletarian, p. 75.
18. Pierre Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures (du Congo),” in Independence, inflation et développement: Véconomie Congolaise de 1960 à 1964 (Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales, Paris: Mouton, 1968), p. 674.
19. Pierre Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures (du Congo),” in Independence, inflation et développement: Véconomie Congolaise de 1960 à 1964 (Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales, Paris: Mouton, 1968)., pp. 674-677.
20. Pierre Dupriez, “Eléments du commerce extérieure de la république du Congo,” Cahiers Economiques et Sociaux, I (1962): 78.
21. Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures,” pp. 677-679.
22. Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures,” p. 679.
23. Jean-Claude Willame, Les Provinces du Congo. Structure et Fonctionnement, Centre d’Etude Politique no. 3 Cahiers Economiques et Sociaux (1964): 28.
24. Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures,” pp. 680-681.
25. Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures,” p. 682.
26. Dupriez, “Les Relations économiques extérieures,” p. 683.
27. Mukenge Tshilemalema, “Les hommes d’affaires Zairois: du travail salarié à 1‘entreprise personelle,” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 7, 3 (1973): 455-475;
28. David J. Gould, Bureaucratie Corruption and Underdevelopment in the Third World: the Case of Zaire (New York: Pergamon, 1980);
29. Michael G. Schatzberg, Politics and Class in Zaire (New York: Africana, 1980).
30. Nsaman O. Lutu, “Le Management face à la crise de l’administration publique Zairoise,” Zaire-Afrique, pp. 276.
31. Gould, Bureaucratic Corruption, pp. 138-149.
32. Janet MacGaffey, “How to Survive and Get Rich: The Second Economy in Zaire,” African Affairs, 82 (1983): 351-366;
33. “Fending for Yourself: the Organization of the Second Economy in Zaire” in Nzongala-Ntalaja, ed., The Crisis in Zaire: Myths and Realities (Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press, 1986).
34. Mubake Mumeme, “Crise, inflation et comportements individuels d’adaptation au Zaire: solution ou aggravation du problème?" Zaire-Afrique (May 1984): 266-267.
35. André Huybrechts and Daniel Van der Steen, “L’Economie: structures, évolution, perspectives,” in J. Vanderlinden, ed. Du Congo au Zaire 1960-1980 (Brussels: CRISP, 1981), p. 241.
36. Mubake, “Crise, inflation et comportements individuels,” p. 268.
37. MacGaffey, “Fending for Yourself.”
38. Jean-Claude Willame, “Système de survie et fiction d’état,” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 18, 1 (1984): 86.
39. Janet MacGaffey, Entrepreneurs and Parasites: The Struggle for Indigenous Capitalism in Zaire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987).
40. Callaghy’s assertion in his The State-Society Struggle, p. 188