Connectedness and school violence: A framework for developmental interventions

Handbook of School Violence

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 7-39

  Karcher, Michael J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85083220288     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203048986-7     Document Type: Chapter

References (81)

1. Ainsworth, M. D. (1989). Attachments beyond infancy. American Psychologist, 44, 709-716.
2. Allen, J. P., Hauser, S. T., Eickholt, C., Bell, K. L., and O’Connor, T. G. (1994). Autonomy and relatedness in family interactions as predictors of expressions of negative adolescent affect. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 4, 535-552.
3. Allen, J. P., Kuperminc, G., Philliber, S., and Herre, K. (1994). Programmatic prevention of adolescent problem behaviors: The role of autonomy, relatedness, and volunteer service in the Teen Outreach Program. American Journal ofCommu-nity Psychology, 22(5), 617-638.
4. Barkley, R. A. (1990). Attention deficit disorders: History, definition, and diagnosis. In M. Lewis and S. Miller (Eds.), The handbook of developmental psychopathology. New York: Plenum.
5. Baumeister, R. F. and Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529.
6. Blos, P. (1962). On adolescence: A psychoanalytic perspective. New York: The Free Press.
7. Bonny, A. E., Britto, M. T., Klostermann, B. K., Hornung, R. W., and Slap, G. B. (2000). School disconnectedness: Identifying adolescents at risk. Pediatrics, 106(5), 1017-1021.
8. Bretherton, I. (1999). Updating the “internal working model” construct: Some reflections. Attachment & Human Development, 1(3), 343-357.
9. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
10. Brown, B. B., Mounts, N., Lamborn, S. D., and Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting practices and peer group affiliation in adolescence. Child Development, 64, 467-482.
11. Bush, K. R. (2000). Separatedness and connectedness in the parent-adolescent relationship as predictors of adolescent self-esteem in U.S. and Chinese samples. Marriage & Family Review, 50(1-2), 153-178.
12. Catalano, R.F., Berglund, M.L., Ryan, J. A. M., Lonczak, H. S., and Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. Prevention & Treatment, 5, June 24, article 15. Retrieved October 9, 2002, from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume2005/preoo50015a.html.
13. Cernkovich, S. A. and Giordana, P. C. (1992). School bonding, race, and delinquency. Criminology, 31, 261-291.
14. Chandler, M. J. (1973). Egocentrism and anti-social behavior: The assessment and training of social perspective-taking skills. Developmental Psychology, 9, 326-332.
15. Chodorow, N. (1978). The reproduction of mothering. Berkeley: The University of California Press.
16. Collins, W. A. (2002). The development of physical aggression from early childhood to adolescence. Paper presented at the Society for Research on Adolescence ninth biennial meeting, New Orleans, April 13.
17. Cooper, W. O., Lutenbacher, M., and Faccia, K. (2000). Components of effective youth violence prevention programs for 7- to 14-year-olds. Archives ofPediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 154(November), 1134-1139.
18. Dishion, T. J., McCord, J., and Poulin, F. (1999). When interventions harm: Peer groups and problem behavior. American Psychologist, 54, 755-764.
19. Dodge, K. A. and Frame, C. L. (1982). Social cognitive biases and deficits in aggressive boys. Child Development, 53, 620-635.
20. Donovan, J. E., Jessor, R., and Costa, F. M. (1988). Syndrome of problem behavior in adolescence: A replication. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 762-765.
21. Dryfoos, J. G. (1990). Adolescents at risk: Prevalence and prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
22. Eisenberg, N. (1992). The caring child. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
23. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R., Murphy, B., Karbon, M., Smith, M., and Maszk, P. (1996). The regulations of children’s dispositional empathy-related responding to their emotionality, regulation, and social functioning. Developmental Psychology, 32(2), 195-209.
24. Embry, D. D., Flannery, D. J., Vazsonyi, A. T., Powell, K. E., and Atha, H. (1996). PeaceBuilders: A theoretically driven, school-based model for early violence prevention. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 12(5), 91-100.
25. Erikson, E. H. (1959). Identity and the life cycle. New York: W. W. Norton.
26. Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: W. W. Norton.
27. Erikson, J. M. (1988). Wisdom and the senses: The way of creativity. New York: W. W. Norton.
28. Farrington, D. (1991). Childhood aggression and adult violence: Early precursors and later life outcomes. In D. Pepper and K. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 5-29). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
29. Fischer, K. W. and Ayoub, C. (1996). Analyzing development of working models of close relationships: Illustration with a case of vulnerability and violence. In K. W. Fischer and G. G. Noam (Eds.), Development and vulnerability in close relationships. The Jean Piaget symposium series (pp. 173-199). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
30. Gilligan, C. (1991). Women’s psychological development: Implications for psychotherapy. Special Issue: Women, girls, and psychotherapy: Reframing resistance. Women and Therapy, 11(3-4), 5-31.
31. Grotevant, H. D. and Cooper, C. R. (1986). Individualization in family relationships: A perspective on individual differences in the development of identity and role-taking skill in adolescence. Human Development, 29, 82-100.
32. Grotevant, H. D. and Cooper, C. R. (1998). Individuality and connectedness in adolescent development: Review and prospects for research on identity, relationships, and context. In E. Skoe and A. von der Lippe (Eds.), Personality development in adolescence: A cross-national and life span perspective (pp. 3-37). London: Routledge.
33. Gysbers, N. C. and Henderson, P. (2000). Developing and managing your school guidance program, Third edition. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.
34. Hagerty, B. M., Lynch-Sauer, J., Patusky, K., and Bouwsema, M. (1993). An emerging theory of human relatedness. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25(4), 291-296.
35. Harter, S. (1999). The construction of the self: A developmental perspective. New York: The Guilford Press.
36. Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., and Miller, J. Y. (1992). Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychological Bulletin, 772(1), 64-105.
37. Hawkins, J. D., Farrington, D., and Catalano, R. F. (1998). Reducing violence through the schools. In D. S. Elliott, B. A. Hamburg, and K. R. Williams (Eds.), Violence in American schools (pp. 188-216). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
38. Hawkins, J. D., Von Cleve, E., and Catalano, R. F. (1991). Reducing early childhood aggression: Results of a primary prevention program. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(2), 208-217.
39. Hendry, L. B. and Reid, M. (2000). Social relationships and health: The meaning of social “connectedness” and how it relates to health concerns for rural Scottish adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 23 (6), 705-719.
40. Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press.
41. Honora, D. and Rolle, A. (2002). A discussion of the incongruence between optimism and academic performance and its influence on school violence. Journal of School Violence, 7(1), 67-82.
42. Jason, L. A. and Kobayashi, R. B. (1995). Community building: Our next frontier. Journal of Primary Prevention, 75(3), 195-208.
43. Jessor, R. (1992). Risk behavior in adolescence: A psychosocial framework for understanding and action. Developmental Review, 72, 374-390.
44. Jessor, R. and Jessor, S. L. (1977). Problem behavior and psychological development: A longitudinal study of youth. New York: Academic Press.
45. Jordan, J. V., Kaplan, A. G., Miller, J. B., Stiver, I., and Surrey, J. (1991). Women’s growth in connection: Writings from the Stone Center. New York: Guilford Press.
46. Karcher, M. J. (2001). Measuring adolescent connectedness: Four validation studies. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, August 21.
47. Karcher, M. J. (2002). The cycle of violence and disconnection among rural middle school students: Teacher disconnection as a consequence of violence. The Journal of School Violence, 7(1), 35-51.
48. Karcher, M. J., Davis, C. I., and Powell, B. (2002). Developmental mentoring in the schools: Testing connectedness as a mediating variable in the promotion of academic achievement. School Community Journal, 72 (2), 37-52.
49. Karcher, M. J. and Lewis, S. S. (2002). Pair counseling: The effects of a dyadic developmental play therapy on interpersonal understanding and externalizing behaviors. International Journal of Play Therapy, 77(1), 19-41.
50. Kegan, R., Noam, G. G., and Rogers, L. (1982). The psychologic of emotion: A neo-Piagetian view. New Directions for Child Development, 76, 105-128.
51. Kingery, P. M. (1998). The adolescent violence survey: A psychometric analysis. School Psychology International, 79(1), 43-59.
52. Kohut, H. (1977). Restoration of the self. New York: International Universities Press.
53. Kohut, H. and Elson, M. (1987). The Kohut seminars on self psychology and psychotherapy with adolescents and young adults. New York: W. W. Norton.
54. Kohut, H. and Wolf, E. S. (1978). The disorders of the self and their treatment: An outline. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 59, 413-426.
55. Larson, J. (1994). Violence prevention in the schools: A review of selected programs and procedures. School Psychology Review, 23(2), 151-164.
56. Lynch, M. and Cicchetti, D. (1997). Children’s relationships with adults and peers: An examination of elementary and junior high school students. Journal of School Psychology, 35 (1), 81-99.
57. Mallinckrodt, B. (1991). Clients’ representations of childhood emotional bonds with parents, social support, and formation of the working alliance. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38, 401-409.
58. Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, self, and society: From the standpoint of a social behav-iorist. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
59. Midgley, C., Feldlauffer, H., andEccles, J. S. (1989). Student/teacher relations and attitudes towards mathematics before and after the transition to junior high. Child Development, 60, 981-992.
60. Mulvey, E. P. and Cauffman, E. (2001). The inherent limits of predicting school violence. American Psychologist, 56(10), 797-802.
61. Nakkula, M. and Selman, R. (1991). How people “treat” each other: Pair therapy as a context for the development of interpersonal ethics. In W. M. Kurtines and J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development, Volume 3: Application (pp. 179-211). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
62. O’Donnell, J., Hawkins, J. D., and Abbott, R. D. (1995). Predicting serious delinquency and substance use among aggressive boys.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 529-537.
63. Olin, S. S. (2001). Youth violence: Report from the surgeon general. The Child, Youth, and Family Services Advocate, 24(2), 1-7.
64. Patterson, G. R., Dishion, T. J., and Yoerger, K. (2000). Adolescent growth in new forms of problem behavior: Macro- and micro-peer dynamics. Prevention Sciences, 1, 3-13.
65. Prasad-Gaur, A., Hughes, J. H., and Cavell, T. (2001). Implications of aggressive children’s positivity biased relatedness views for future relationships. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 31(3), 215-230.
66. Resnick, M. D., Bearman, P. S., Blum, R. W., Bauman, K. E., Harris, K. M., Jones, J., Tabor, J., Beuhring, T., Sieving, R. E., Shew, M., Ireland, M., Bearinger, L. H., and Udry, J. R. (1997). Protecting adolescents from harm: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. JAMA, 278, 823-832.
67. Resnick, M. D., Harris, L. J., and Blum, R. W. (1993). The impact of caring and connectedness on adolescent health and well-being. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, 23, S3-S9.
68. Richters, J. E. and Martinez, P. E. (1993). Violent communities, family choices, and children’s chances: An algorithm for improving the odds. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 609-627.
69. Schorr, L. B. (1988). Within our reach: Breaking the cycle of disadvantage. New York: Doubleday.
70. Selman, R. L. (1977). A structural-developmental model of social cognition: Implications for intervention research. Counseling Psychologist, 6(4), 3-6.
71. Selman, R. L. (1980). The growth of interpersonal understanding: Developmental and clinical analyses. New York: Academic Press.
72. Selman, R. L. (1981). The development of interpersonal competence: The role of understanding in conduct. Developmental Review, 1(4), 401-422.
73. Selman, R. L. and Schultz, L. H. (1990). Making a friend in youth: Developmental theory and pair therapy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
74. Selman, R. L., Schultz, L. H., Nakkula, M., Barr, D., Watts, C., and Richmond, J. (1992). Friendship and fighting: A developmental approach to the study of risk and prevention of violence. Development and psychopathology, 4, 529-558.
75. Sheehan, K., DiCara, J. A., LeBailly, S., and Christoffel, K. K. (1999). Adapting the gang model: Peer mentoring for violence prevention. Pediatrics, 104(1), 50-54.
76. Stern, D. (1985). The interpersonal world of the infant: A view from psychoanalysis and developmental psychology. New York: Basic Books.
77. Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.
78. Tice, D. M. and Baumeister, R. F. (1993). Controlling anger: Self-induced emotion change. In D. M. Wegner and J. W. Pennebaker (Eds.), Handbook of mental control (pp. 393-408). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
79. Tolman, A. E., Diekmann, K. A., and McCartney, K. (1989). Social connectedness and mothering: Effects of maternal employment and maternal absence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(6), 942-949.
80. van Aken, M. A. G. and Asendorpf, J. B. (1997). Support by parents, classmates, friends, and siblings in preadolescence: Covariation and compensation across relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 14(1), 79-93.
81. van Manen, T. G. and Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2001). Assessing social cognitive skills in aggressive children from a developmental perspective: The social cognitive skills test. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 8, 341-351.