Dress modestly, neatly … as if you were going to church 1: Respectability, class and gender in the montgomery bus boycott and the early civil rights movement

Gender in the Civil Rights Movement

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 69-100

  Chappell, Marisa ^a   Hutchinson, Jenny ^b   Ward, Brian ^c  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85076300344     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781315052762-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (33)

1. Richard Lentz, Symbols, The News Magazines and Martin Luther King (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Press, 1991), 45.
2. Keith Miller and Emily Lewis, “Touchstones, Authorities, and Maria Anderson: The Making of ‘I Have A Dream’,�? in Brian Ward and Tony Badger, eds., The Making of Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement (London: Macmillan, 1996), 147-161.
3. Jonathan Glassman, “The Bondsman’s New Clothes: The Contradictory Consciousness of Slave Resistance,�? Journal of African History 32 (1991): 277-288.
4. Eugene Genovese, Roll, Jordan, Roil: The World the Slaves Made (New York: Vintage, 1976), 471.
5. Barbara Welke, “When All Women Were White, And All the Blacks Were Men: Gender, Race and the Road to Plessy, 1855 - 1914,�? Law and History Review 13 (1995): 261-316.
6. Booker T. Washington, quoted in E. Franklin Frazier, Black Bourgeoisie (Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1957), 192.
7. Gregory Mixon, '“Good Negro - Bad Negro’: The Dynamics of Race and Class in Atlanta during the Era of the 1906 Riot,�? Georgia Historical Quarterly LXXI (3), 1997: 593-621.
8. Edward Beasley, “Child Care,�? Tan, November, 1953,44-5.
9. The Dominoes: Bully Ward And His Frenetic All Bachelor Quintet Shatter Top Box Office Records From Coast To Coast,�? Ebony, February, 1954,23-4.
10. Era Bell Thompson, “Girl Gangs Of Harlem,�? Negro Digest, March, 1951,40.
11. John Jackson, Big Beat Heat: Alan Freed and the Early Years of Rock and Roll (New York: Schirmer, 1991), 78.
12. Martin Luther King, “Advice For Living,�? Ebony, April, 1958, 104.
13. Martin Luther King, Jr., Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story (New York: Harper, 1958), 63;
14. Ralph D. Abemathy, “The Natural History of a Social Movement: The Montgomery Improvement Association�? in David Garrow, ed., The Walking City: The Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955-1956 (Brooklyn, NY: Carlson Publishing, 1989), 124.
15. Dorothy Schiff, “Looking and Listening,�? Crisis, 63 (3), March, 1956, 155.
16. Neil R. McMillen, The Citizens’ Councils Organized Resistance to (he Second Reconstruction 1954 -1964 (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1971), 71
17. Jack Crenshaw, in Gilliam, “The Montgomery Bus Boycott,�? 283-4. See also Rosa Parks, Rosa Parks: My Story, (New York: Dial Books, 1992), 110-111.
18. Lamont H. Yeakey, “The Montgomery Alabama Bus Boycott, 1955-56,�? Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1979, 240-243
19. Paula Giddings, When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race andSex in America (New York: Bantam, 1984), 31.
20. M. Millner, “The Montgomery Bus Boycott: A Case Study in the Emergence and Career of a Social Movement�? in Garrow, ed., Walking City, 546.
21. Virginia Durr, Outside the Magic Circle: The Autobiography of Virginia Foster Durr (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1985), 278; Parks, My Story, 94-105.
22. Al Smith, “Adventures in Race Relations,�? Chicago Defender, May 14, 1949, 7.
23. Al Sweeny, “A White Man Took My Seat …" Philadelphia Afro-American, March 3, 1956,7
24. Inez J. Baskin, “The Montgomery Bus Strike,�? Crisis, 63(3) March, 1956, 7
25. Grover C. Hall, quoted in “Alabama’s Bus Boycott: What It’s All About,�? U.S. News and World Report, August, 1956, 84.
26. Keith Miller, Voice of Deliverance: The Language of Martin Luther King and Its Sources (New York: Free Press, 1992).
27. Charles Loeb, “Alabama Bus Boycotters Get Chance To Tell Nation, World of Wrongs,�? Philadelphia Afro-American, March 31, 1956, 11.
28. Judge Carter, quoted in Tom Johnson and Frank McArdle, “Records of Association Reveal Thousands Spent To Support Bus Boycott,�? Montgomery Advertiser, March 20, 1956, 1.
29. Charles Loeb, “Legal Dual In Bus Trial Affecting Alabama Mores,�? Philadelphia Afro-American, March 24, 1956, 8.
30. Alfred Maund, “We Will AH Stand Together,�? The Nation, March 3, 1956, inside cover; Loeb, “Alabama Bus Boycotters�?; and “Arrests Fail To Halt Ala. Bus Boycott,�? Chicago Defender, February 22, 1956, 1.
31. Charles Loeb, “Rev. King Is Target Of Montgomery Trial,�? Cleveland Call & Post, March 24, 1956, Al-2.
32. James Booker, “Most Pathetic Woman In Alabama: ‘So Damn Mad’,�? Amsterdam News, March 31, 1956, 1.
33. S S. Taylor, “Editorial,�? Arkansas State Press, December 30, 1956,4.