Simulation studies of the effect of fuel injection pattern on NO and soot formation in diesel engines

SAE Technical Papers

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages

  Shayler, P J ^a   Ng, H K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMBUSTION; DIRECT INJECTION; SOOT;

COMBUSTION PRO-CESS; DIRECT INJECTION DIESEL ENGINES; EMISSIONS FORMATION; ENGINE-OUT EMISSIONS; HIGH PRESSURE COMMON RAIL INJECTION SYSTEM; INJECTION PATTERNS; OPERATING CONDITION; TEMPORAL DEVELOPMENT;

DIESEL ENGINES;

EID: 85072422386     PISSN: 01487191     EISSN: 26883627     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4271/2004-01-0116     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (38)

1. Ng, H.K., The Simulation of Combustion in Diesel Engines Using KIVA-3V on a PC Platform. Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Nottingham, 2003.
2. O'Rourke, P.J., and Amsden, A.A., "Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of the UPS-292 Stratified Charge Engine." SAE Paper 870597, 1987.
3. Amsden, A.A., Butler, T.D., and O'Rourke, P.J., "The KIVA-II Computer Program for Transient Multidimensional Chemically Reactive Flows with Sprays." SAE Paper 872072, 1987.
4. Group T-3. Kiva-3v Source Code. New Mexico: Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1998.
5. Amsden A.A., KIVA-3: A KIVA Program with Block-Structured Mesh for Complex Geometries. Los Alamos National Laboratory, LA-12503-MS, 1993.
6. Varnavas, C.A., and Assanis, D.N., "The Effects of Spray, Mixing and Combustion Model Parameters on KIVA-II Predictions." SAE Paper 911785, 1991.
7. Amsden A.A., O'Rourke P.J., and Butler T.D., KIVA-II-A Computer Program for Chemically Reactive Flow with Sprays. Los Alamos National Laboratory, LA-11560-MS, 1989.
8. Amsden, A.A., Ramshaw, J.D., O'Rourke, P.J., and Dukowicz, J.K., KIVA: A Computer Program for Two- and Three-Dimensional Fluid Flows with Chemical Reactions and Fuel Sprays. Los Alamos National Laboratory, LA-10245-MS, 1985.
9. Liu, A.B., Mather, D., and Reitz, R.D., "Effects of Drop Drag and Breakup on Fuel Sprays." SAE Paper 930072, 1993.
10. Amsden A.A., KIVA-3V, Release 2, Improvements to KIVA-3V. Los Alamos National Laboratory, LA-UR-99-915, 1999.
11. O'Rourke, P.J., and Amsden, A.A., "The TAB Method for Numerical Calculation of Spray Droplet Break-up." SAE Paper 872089, 1987.
12. Westbrook, C.K., and Dryer, F.L., "Chemical Kinetic Modelling of Hydrocarbon Combustion." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 10, 1-57, 1984.
13. Amsden A.A., KIVA-3V: A Block-Structured KIVA Program for Engines with Vertical or Canted Valves. Los Alamos National Laboratory, LA-13313-MS, 1997.
14. Han, Z., and Reitz, R.D., "Turbulence Modelling of Internal Combustion Engines Using RNG κ-ε Models." Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 106, 267-295, 1995.
15. Magnussen, B.F., and Hjertager, B.H., "On Mathematical Modelling of Turbulent Combustion with Special Emphasis on Soot Formation and Combustion." Sixteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 719-729, 1977. (Pubitemid 8544356)
16. Dec, J.E., and Canaan, R.E., "PLIF Imaging of NO Formation in a DI Diesel Engine." SAE Paper 980147, 1998.
17. 2 and Fuel Nitrogen." Proceeding of Fifteenth International Symposium on Combustion, 1073, The Combustion Institute, 1975.
18. Egnell, R., "The Influence of EGR on Heat Release Rate and NO Formation in a DI Diesel Engine." SAE Paper 2000-01-1807, 2000.
19. Heywood, J.B., Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988.
20. Heywood, J.B., "Pollutant Formation and Control in Spark-Ignition Engines." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 1, 135, 1976.
21. x Emission Reduction Using Multiple Injection in a Diesel Engine." SAE Paper 960633, 1996.
22. x Formation in Non-Stationary Diesel Flames with Complex Chemistry [Online]. Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology. Available at: [Accessed 21 March 2003 ], 2003.
23. x Emissions." SAE Paper 940523, 1994.
24. Bowman, C.T., "Kinetics of Pollutant Formation and Destruction in Combustion." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 1, 33, 1975.
25. Warnatz, J., Maas, U., and Dibble, R.W., Combustion: Physical and Chemical Fundamental, Modelling and Simulation, Experiments, Pollutant Formation. Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1996.
26. Turns, S.R., An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications. US: McGraw-Hill Inc., 1996.
27. Surovikin, V.F., "Analytical Description of the Processes of Nucleus-Forming and Growth of Particles of Carbon Black in the Thermal Decomposition of Aromatic Hydrocarbon in the Gas Phase." Solid Fuel Chemistry, Vol. 7, 92, 1976.
28. Gentry, R.A., Daly, B.J., and Amsden, A.A., KIVA-COAL: A Modified Version of the KIVA Program for Calculating the Combustion Dynamics of a Coal-water Slurry in a Diesel Engine Cylinder. Los Alamos National Laboratory, LA-11045-MS, 1987.
29. Haynes, B.S., and Wagner, H.Gg., "Soot Formation." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 7, 229, 1981.
30. Nagle, J., and Strickland-Constable, R.F., "Oxidation of Carbon Between 1000-2000°C." Proc. of the Fifth Conf. On Carbon, 154. London: Pergamon Press, 1962.
31. Park, C., and Appleton, J.P., 1973. "Shock-Tube Measurements of Soot Oxidation Rates." Combustion Flame, Vol. 20, 369, 1973.
32. Tesner, P.A., Snegriova, T.D., and Knorre, V.G., "Kinetics of Dispersed Carbon Formation." Combustion and Flame, 17: 253-260, 1971.
33. Roth, P., and von Gersum, S., "High Temperature Oxidation of Soot Particles by O, OH, and NO." Turbulence and Molecular Processes in Combustion (Takeno, T., (eds.)), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1993.
34. Stanmore, B.R., Brilhac, J.F., and Gilot, P., "The Oxidation of Soot: A Review of Experiments, Mechanisms and Models." CARBON, 39: 2247-2268, 2001. (Pubitemid 33034493)
35. Glassman, I., Combustion. 3rd Edition. San Diego: Academic Press Inc., 1996.
36. AVL. AVL 415S Smoke Meter: The New Correlation Curve [Online]. Available at: [Accessed 18 February 2003 ], 2002.
37. Christian, R., Knopf, F., Jaschek, A., and Schindler, W., "A New Method for the Filter Smoke Number Measurement with Improved Sensitivity." MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift, Vol. 54, 1, 1993.
38. Stone, R., Introduction to Internal Combustion Engine. 3rd Edition. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1999.