The development and maintenance of shame in disfigurement: Implications for treatment

Body Shame: Conceptualisation, Research and Treatment

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 103-116

  Kent, Gerry ^a   Thompson, Andrew R ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

^b NHS Barnsley   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85069314092     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781315820255-12     Document Type: Chapter

References (54)

1. Barden, R.C., Ford, M., Jensen, A.G., Rogers-Salyer, M. & Salyer, K. (1989) Effects of craniofacial deformity in infancy on the quality of mother-infant interactions. Child Development, 60, 819-824.
2. Baumeister, R. & Leary, M. (1995) The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
3. Beck, A., Rush, A., Shaw, B. & Emery, G. (1979) Cognitive Therapy of Depression. New York: Guilford Press.
4. Blakeney, P., Herndon, D., Desai, M., Beard, S. & Wales-Seale, P. (1988) Long-term psychological adjustment following burn injury. Journal of Burn Care and Rehabilitation, 9, 661-665.
5. Borah, G., Rankin, M. & Wey, P. (1999) Psychological complications in 281 plastic surgery practices. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 104, 1241-1246.
6. Bradbury, E. (1996) Counselling People with Disfigurement. Leicester: British Psychological Society.
7. Brazelton, T., Koslowski, B. & Main, M. (1974) The origins of reciprocity. In M. Lewis & L. Rosenbum (eds) The Effect of the Infant on its Caregiver. Chichester:John Wiley & Sons.
8. Bull, R. & Rumsey, N. (1988) The Social Psychology of Facial Appearance. New York:Springer-Verlag.
9. Butters, J. & Cash, T.F. (1987) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of women’s bodyimage dissatisfaction. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 889-897.
10. Cash, T.F. (1977) The Body Image Workbook. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications.
11. Cash, T.F. & Grant, J. (1996) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of body-image disturbances. In V. van Hasselt & M. Hersen (eds) Sourcebook of Psychological Treatment Manuals for Adult Disorders (pp. 567-614). New York: Plenum Press.
12. Chang, F. & Herzog, B. (1976) Burn morbidity: A follow-up study of physical and psychological disability. Annals of Surgery, 183, 34-37.
13. Cline, T., Proto, A., Raval, P. & Di Paolo, T. (1998) The effects of brief exposure and of classroom teaching on attitudes children express towards facial disfigurement in peers. Educational Research, 40, 55-68.
14. Cohen, S., Sherrod, D. & Clark, M. (1986) Social skills and the stress-protective role of social support. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 963-973.
15. Cole, R., Shakespeare, V., Shakespeare, P. & Hobby, J. (1994) Measuring outcome in low-priority plastic surgery patients using Quality of Life indices. British Journal of Plastic Surgery, 47, 117-121.
16. Dion, K.L., Dion, K.K. & Keelan, J.P. (1990) Appearance anxiety as a dimension of social-evaluative anxiety: Exploring the ugly duckling syndrome. Contemporary Social Psychology, 14, 220-224.
17. Gilbert, P. (1997) The evolution of social attractiveness and its role in shame, humiliation, guilt and therapy. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 70, 113-147.
18. Ginsburg, I. & Link, B. (1989) Feelings of stigmatization in patients with psoriasis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 20, 53-63.
19. Greenwald, D. & Harder, D. (1998) Domains of shame. In P. Gilbert & B. Andrews (eds) Shame: Interpersonal Behaviour, Psychopathology and Culture (pp. 225-245). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
20. Gupta, M., Gupta, A. & Watteel, G. (1998) Perceived deprivation of social touch in psoriasis is associated with greater psychological morbidity: An index of the stigma experienced in dermatological disorders. Cutis, 61, 339-342.
21. Harris, D. (1997) Types, causes and physical treatment of visible differences. In R. Lansdown, N. Rumsey, E. Bradbury, T. Carr & J. Partridge (eds) Visibly Different:Coping with Disfigurement (pp. 79-90). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
22. Heimberg, R. (1994) Cognitive assessment strategies and the measurement of outcome of treatment for social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 269-280.
23. Isaacs, J. (1996) An investigation of predictive factors of psychological morbidity in burn injured patients three months post burn. Unpublished thesis, University of Manchester.
24. Kalick, S., Goldwyn, R. & Noe, J. (1981) Social issues and body image concerns of port-wine stain patients undergoing laser therapy. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 1, 205-213.
25. Kapp-Simon, K. & McGuire, D. (1997) Observed social interaction patterns in adolescents with and without craniofacial conditions. Cleft Palate - Craniofacial Journal, 34, 380-384.
26. Kent, G. (2000) Understanding the experiences of people with disfigurements: An integration of four models of social and psychological functioning. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 5, 117-129.
27. Kent, G. (2002) Testing a model of disfigurement: Effects of a skin camouflage service on well-being and appearance anxiety. Psychology and Health, 17, 377-386.
28. Langlois, J. and Sawin, D. (1981) Infant physical attractiveness as an elicitor of differential parenting behaviours. Paper presented at the Society for Research in Child Development, Boston. Cited in: Walters, E. (1997) Problems faced by children and families living with visible differences. In: R. Lansdown, N. Rumsey, E. Bradbury, T. Carr & J. Partridge (eds) Visibly Different: Coping with Disfigurement. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.
29. Lanigan, S. & Cotterill, J. (1989) Psychological disabilities amongst patients with port wine stains. British Journal of Dermatology, 121, 209-215.
30. Lansdown, R., Rumsey, N., Bradbury, E., Carr, T. & Partridge, J. (eds) (1997) Visibly Different: Coping with Disfigurement. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
31. Leary, M. (1990) Responses to social exclusion: Social anxiety, jealousy, loneliness, depression, and low self-esteem. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9, 221-229.
32. Leary, M., Tambor, E., Terdal, S. & Downs, D. (1995) Self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 518-530.
33. Lefebvre, A. & Arndt, E. (1988) Working with facially disfigured children: A challenge in prevention. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 33, 453-458.
34. MacGregor, F. (1990) Facial disfigurement: Problems and management of social interaction and implications for mental health. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 14, 249-257.
35. Newell, R. & Clarke, M. (2000) Evaluation of a self-help leaflet in treatment of social difficulties following facial disfigurement. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 37, 381-388.
36. Newell, R. & Marks, I. (2000) Phobic nature of social difficulty in facially disfigured people. British Journal of Psychiatry, 176, 177-181.
37. Nixon, C. & Singer, G. (1993) Group cognitive-behavioral treatment for excessive parental self-blame and guilt. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 97, 665-672.
38. Papadopoulos, L. & Bor, R. (1999) Psychological Approaches to Dermatology. Leicester: British Psychological Society.
39. Papadopoulos, L., Bor, R. & Legg, C. (1999a) Psychological factors in cutaneous disease: An overview of research. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 4, 107-128.
40. Papadopoulos, L., Bor, R. & Legg, C. (1999b) Coping with the disfiguring effects of vitiligo: A preliminary investigation into the effects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 10, 11-12.
41. Partridge, J. (1994) Changing Faces: The Challenge of Facial Disfigurement. London:Changing Faces.
42. Pertchuk, M. & Whitaker, L. (1988) Psychosocial outcome of craniofacial surgery in children. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 82, 741-746.
43. Robinson, E., Rumsey, N. & Partridge, J. (1996) An evaluation of the impact of social interaction skills training for facially disfigured people. British Journal of Plastic Surgery, 49, 281-289.
44. Rosen, J., Reiter, J. & Orosan, P. (1995) Cognitive-behavioural body image therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 263-269.
45. Rumsey, N. (1998) Visible disfigurement. In M. Johnston & D. Johnston (eds) Comprehensive Clinical Psychology, Vol. 8 (pp.575-593). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
46. Rumsey, N., Bull, R. & Gahagan, D. (1982) The effect of facial disfigurement on the proxemic behaviour of the general public. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 12, 137-150.
47. Sarwer, D., Wadden, T., Pertchuk, M. & Whitaker, L. (1998) The psychology of cosmetic surgery: A review and reconceptualization. Clinical Psychology Review, 18, 1-22.
48. Scambler, G. & Hopkins, A. (1986) Being epileptic: Coming to terms with stigma. Sociology of Health and Illness, 8, 26-43.
49. Schwartz, C. (1999) Teaching coping skills enhances quality of life more than peer support: Results of a randomised trial with multiple sclerosis patients. Health Psychology, 18, 211-220.
50. Smart, L. & Wegner, D. (1999) Covering up what can’t be seen: Concealable stigma and mental control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 474-486.
51. Thompson, A. (1988) Exploring the process of adjustment to disfigurement with particular reference to vitiligo. Unpublished D. Clin. Psy. thesis, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield.
52. Thompson, A. & Kent, G. (2001) Adjusting to disfigurement: Processes involved in dealing with being visibly different. Clinical Psychology Review, 21, 663-682.
53. Thompson, A., Kent, G. & Smith, J. (2002) Living with vitiligo: Dealing with difference. British Journal of Health Psychology, 7, 213-225.
54. Walters, E. (1997) Problems faced by children and families living with visible differences. In R. Lansdown, N. Rumsey, E. Bradbury, T. Carr & J. Partridge (eds) Visibly Different: Coping with Disfigurement. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.