Investigating cortico-striatal pathophysiology in obsessive-compulsive disorders: Procedural learning and imaging probes

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Contemporary Issues in Treatment

Volumn , Issue , 2017, Pages 133-154

  Rauch, Scott L ^a   Savage, Cary R ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85068785927     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781315561073-18     Document Type: Chapter

References (78)

1. Albin, R. L., Young, A. B., & Penney, J. B. (1989). The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders. Trends in Neuroscience, 12, 366-375.
2. Alexander, G. E. (1994). Basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: Their role in control of movements. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 11, 420-431.
3. Alexander, G. E., Crutcher, M. D., & DeLong, M. R. (1990). Basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: Parallel substrates for motor, oculomotor, “prefrontal�? and “limbic�? functions. Progress in Brain Research, 85, 119-146.
4. Alexander, G. E., DeLong, M. R., & Stride, P. L. (1986). Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 9, 357-381.
5. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
6. Baxter, L. R., Jr., Schwartz, J. M., Bergman, K. S., Szuba, M. P., Guze, B. H., Mazziotta, J. C, Alazraki, A., Selin, C. E., Ferng, H., Munford, P., & Phelps, M. E. (1992). Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 681-689.
7. Baxter, L. R., Schwartz, J. M., Guze, B. H., Bergman, K., & Szuba, M. P. (1990). Neuroimaging in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Seeking the mediating neuroanatomy. In M. A. Jenike, L. Baer, & W. E. Minichiello (Eds.), Obsessive compulsive disorder: Theory and management (2nd ed., pp. 167-188). Chicago: Year Book Medical.
8. Baxter, L., Schwartz, J., Mazziotta, J., Phelps, M. E., Pähl, J. J., Buze, B. E., & Fairbanks, L. (1988). Cerebral glucose metabolic rates in nondepressed patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1560-1563.
9. Behar, D., Rapoport, J. L., Berg, C. J., Denckla, M. B., Mann, L., Cox, C, Fedio, P., Zahn, T., & Wolf man, M. G. (1984). Computerized tomography and neuropsychological test measures in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 363-368.
10. Benkelfat, C, Nordahl, T. E., Semple, W. E., King, A. C, Murphy, D. L., & Cohen, R. M. (1990). Local cerebral glucose metabolic rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder Patients treated with clomipramine. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 840-848.
11. Breiter, H. C, Filipek, P. A., Kennedy, D. N., Baer, L., Pitcher, D. A., Olivares, M. J., Renshaw, P. F., & Caviness, V. S., Jr. (1994). Retrocallosal white matter abnormalities in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 663-664.
12. Castellanos, F. X., Giedd, J. N., Eckburg, P., Marsh, W. L., Vaituzis, A. C, Kaysen, D., Hamburger, S. D., & Rapoport, J. L. (1994). Quantitative morphology of the caudate nucleus in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1791-1796.
13. Doyon, J., Owen, A. M., Petrides, M., Sziklas, V., & Evans, A. C. (1996). Functional anatomy of visuomotor skill learning in human subjects examined with positron emission tomography. European Journal of Neuroscience, 8, 637-648.
14. Gerfen, C. R. (1992). The neostriatal mosaic: Multiple levels of compartmental organization in the basal ganglia. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 15, 285-320.
15. Gonzalez-Lima, F., & Macintosh, A. R. (Eds.). (1994). Computational approaches to network analysis in functional imaging. Human Brain Mapping, 2, 1-122.
16. Grafton, S. T., Hazeltine, E., & Ivry, R. (1995). Functional mapping of sequence learning in normal humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 7, 497-510.
17. Grafton, S. T., Mazziotta, J. C., Presty, S., Friston, K. J., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Phelps, M. E. (1992). Functional anatomy of human procedural learning determined with regional cerebral blood flow and PET. Journal of Neuroscience, 12, 2542-2548.
18. Graybiel, A. M. (1990). Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the basal ganglia. Trends in Neuroscience, 13, 244-253.
19. Graybiel, A. M., & Kimura, M. (1995). Adaptive neural networks in the basal ganglia. In J. C. Houk, J. L. Davis, & D. G. Beiser (Eds.), Models of information processing in the basal ganglia (pp. 103-116). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
20. Harris, G. J., Hoehn-Saric, R., Lewis, R., Pearlson, G. D., & Streeter, C. (1994). Mapping of SPECT regional cerebral perfusion abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Human Brain Mapping, 1, 237-248.
21. Heindel, W. C., Butters, N., & Salmon, D. P. (1988). Impaired learning of a motor skill in patients with Huntington’s disease. Behavioral Neuroscience, 102, 141-147.
22. Heindel, W. C., Salmon, D. P., Shults, C. W., Walicke, P. A., & Butters, N. (1989). Neuropsychological evidence for multiple implicit memory systems: A comparison of Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s disease patients. Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 582-587.
23. Hoehn-Saric, R., & Benkelfat, C. (1995). Structural and functional brain imaging in obsessive compulsive disorder. In E. Hollander, J. Zohar, D. Marazziti, & B. Olivier (Eds.), Current insights in obsessive compulsive disorder (pp. 183-214). New York: Wiley.
24. Hollander, E. (Ed.). (1993). Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. Psychiatric Annals, 23, 355-407.
25. Houk, J. C., Davis, J. L., & Beiser, D. G. (Eds.). (1995). Models of information processing in the basal ganglia. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
26. Hynd, G. W., Hern, K. L., Novey, E. S., Eliopulos, D., Marshall, R., Gonzalez, J. J., & Voeller, K. K. (1993). Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and asymmetry of the caudate nucleus. Journal of Child Neurology, 8, 339-347.
27. Insel, T. R. (1992). Toward a neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 739-744.
28. Jackson, S., & Houghton, G. (1995). Sensorimotor selection and the basal ganglia. In J. C. Houk, J. L. Davis, & D. G. Beiser (Eds.), Models of information processing in the basal ganglia (pp. 337-367). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
29. Jenike, M. A., Breiter, H. C, Baer, L., Kennedy, D. N., Savage, C. R., Olivares, M. J., O’Sullivan, R. L., Shera, D. M., Rauch, S. L., Keuthen, N., Caviness, V. S., & Filipek, P. A. (1996). Cerebral structural abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A quantitative morphometric magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 625-632.
30. Kellner, C. H., Jolley, R. R., Holgate, R. C, Austin, L., Lydiard, R. B., Laraia, M., & Ballenger, J. C. (1991). Brain MRI in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 36, 45-49.
31. Knopman, D., & Nissen, M. J. (1991). Procedural learning is impaired in Huntington’s disease: Evidence from the serial reaction time task. Neuropsychologia, 29, 245-254.
32. Krebs, H. I., Brashers-Krug, T., Rauch, S. L., Savage, C. R., Hogan, N., Rubin, R. H., Fischman, A. J., & Alpert, N. M. (1996). Integration of robotic technology with functional imaging [Abstract]: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Functional Mapping of the Human Brain. Neuroimage, 3, S394.
33. Leckman, J. F., Pauls, D. L., Peterson, B. S., Riddle, M. A., Anderson, G. M., & Cohen, D. J. (1992). Pathogenesis of Tourette syndrome: Clues from the clinical phenotype and natural history. Advances in Neurology, 58, 15-24.
34. Leckman, J. F., Walker, D. E., & Cohen, D. J. (1993). Premonitory urges in Tourette’s syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 98-102.
35. Luxenberg, J. S., Swedo, S. E., Flament, M. F., Friedland, R. P., Rapoport, J., & Rapoport, S. I. (1988). Neuroanatomical abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder determined with quantitative x-ray computed tomography. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1089-1093.
36. Martone, M., Butters, N., & Payne, P. (1984). Dissociations between skill learning and verbal recognition in amnesia and dementia. Archives of Neurology, 41, 965-970.
37. McElroy, S. L., Phillips, K. A., & Keck, P. E. (1994). Obsessive compulsive spectrum disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55(Suppl.), 15-32.
38. Mesulam, M.-M. (1985). Patterns in behavioral neuroanatomy: Association areas, the limbic system, and hemispheric specialization. In M.-M. Mesulam (Ed.), Principles of behavioral neurology (pp. 1-70). Philadelphia: Davis.
39. Miguel, E. C, Coffey, B. J., Baer, L., Savage, C. R., Rauch, S. L., & Jenike, M. A. (1995). Phenomenology of intentional repetitive behaviors in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette’s syndrome. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 56, 246-255.
40. Miguel, E. C, Stein, M. C, Rauch, S. L., O’Sullivan, R. L., Stern, T. A., & Jenike, M. A. (1995). Obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 7, 507-510.
41. Mishkin, M., Malamut, B., & Bachevalier, J. (1984). Memories and habits: Two neural systems. In G. Lynch, J. L. McGaugh, & N. M. Weinberger (Eds.), Neurobiology of learning and memory (pp. 65-77). New York: Guilford.
42. Mishkin, N., & Petri, H. L. (1984). Memory and habits: Some implications for the analysis of learning and retention. In L. R. Squire & N. Butters (Eds.), Neuropsychology of memory (pp. 287-296). New York: Guilford.
43. Modell, J., Mountz, J., Curtis, G., & Greden, J. F. (1989). Neurophysiologic dyfunction in basal ganglia/limbic striatal and thalamocortical circuits as a pathogenetic mechanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 1, 27-36.
44. Morris, E. D., Fisher, R. E., Alpert, N. M., Rauch, S. L., & Fischman, A. J. (1995). In vivo imaging of neuromodulation using positron emission tomography: Optimal ligand characteristics and task length for detection of activation. Human Brain Mapping, 3, 35-55.
45. Nissen, M. J., & Bullemer, P. (1987). Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology, 19, 1-32.
46. Nordahl, T. E., Benkelfat, C, Semple, W., Gross, M., King, A. C, & Cohen, R. M. (1989). Cerebral glucose metabolic rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuropsychopharma-cology, 2, 23-28.
47. O’Sullivan, R., Rauch, S. L., Breiter, H. C, Grachev, I., Baer, L., Kennedy, D., Keuthen, N., Savage, C. R., Caviness, V., & Jenike, M. A. (1997). Reduced basal ganglia volumes in trichotillomania by morphometric MRI. Biological Psychiatry, 42, 39-45.
48. Packard, M. G., Hirsch, R., & White, N. M. (1989). Differential effects of fornix and caudate nucleus lesions on two radial arm maze tasks: Evidence for multiple memory systems. Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 1465-1472.
49. Pauls, D. L., Alsobrook, J. P., Goodman, W., Rasmussen, S., & Leckman, J. F. (1995). A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 76-84.
50. Pauls, D. L., & Leckman, J. F. (1986). The inheritance of Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome and associated behaviors: Evidence for autosomal dominant transmission. New England Journal of Medicine, 315, 993-997.
51. Pauls, D. L., Pakstis, A. J., Kurlan, R., Kidd, K. K., Leckman, J. F., Cohen, D. J., Kidd, J. R., Como, P., & Sparkes, R. (1990). Segregation and linkage analysis of Tourette’s syndrome and related disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 195-203.
52. Pauls, D. L., Towbin, K. E., Leckman, J. F., Zahner, G. E. P., & Cohen, D. J. (1986). Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Evidence supporting a genetic relationship. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 1180-1182.
53. Perani, D., Colombo, C, Bressi, S., Bonfanti, A., Grassi, F., Scarone, S., Bellodi, L., Smeraldi, E., & Fazio, F. (1995). FDG PET study in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A clinical metabolic correlation study after treatment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 244-250.
54. Peterson, B. S., Leckman, J. F., & Duncan, J. S. (1994). Corpus callosum morphology from magnetic resonance images of Tourette’s syndrome. Psychiatry Research, 55, 85-99.
55. Peterson, B., Riddle, M. A., Cohen, D. J., Katz, L. D, Smith, J. C, Hardin, M. T., & Leckman, J. F. (1993). Reduced basal ganglia volumes in Tourette’s syndrome using three-dimensional reconstruction techniques from magnetic resonance images. Neurology, 43, 941-949.
56. Phillips, K. A., McElroy, S. L., Hudson, J. I., & Pope, H. G. (1995). Body dysmorphic disorder: An obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder, a form of affective spectrum disorder, or both? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 56(Suppl. 4), 41-51.
57. Rapoport, J. L., & Wise, S. P. (1988). Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Is it a basal ganglia dysfunction. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24, 380-384.
58. Rasmussen, S. A., & Eisen, J. L. (1994). The epidemiology and differential diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55(Suppl.), 5-14.
59. Rauch, S. L., & Jenike, M. A. (1993). Neurobiological models of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychosomatics, 34, 20-32.
60. Rauch, S. L., & Jenike, M. A. (1997). Neural mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Current Review of Mood & Anxiety Disorders, 1, 84-94.
61. Rauch, S. L., Jenike, M. A., Alpert, N. M., Baer, L., Breiter, H. C., Savage, C. R., & Fischman, A. J. (1994). Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using 150-labeled C02 and positron emission tomography. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 62-70.
62. Rauch, S. L., & Savage, C. R. (1994). Functional neuroimaging of obsessive compulsive disorders: New paradigms and new models. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 8, 181-185.
63. Rauch, S. L., Savage, C. R., Alpert, N. M., Dougherty, D., Kendrick, A., Curran, T., Brown, H. D., Manzo, P., Fischman, A. J., & Jenike, M. A. (1997). Probing striatal function in obsessive compulsive disorder: A PET study of implicit sequence learning. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 9, 568-573.
64. Rauch, S. L., Savage, C. R., Brown, H. D., Curran, T., Alpert, N. M., Kendrick, A., Fischman, A. J., & Kosslyn, S. M. (1995). A PET investigation of implicit and explicit sequence learning. Human Brain Mapping, 3, 271-286.
65. Rauch, S. L., Whalen, P. J., Savage, C. R., Curran, T., Kendrick, A., Bush, G., Breiter, H. C, Brown, H. D., & Rosen, B. R. (1997). Striatal recruitment during an implicit sequence learning task as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Human Brain Mapping, 5, 124-132.
66. Robinson, D., Wu, H., Munne, R. A., Ashtari, M., Alvir, J. M. J., Lerner, G., Koreem, A., Cole, K, & Bogerts, B. (1995). Reduced caudate nucleus volume in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 393-398.
67. Roland, P. E. (1993). Brain activation. New York: Wiley-Liss.
68. Saint-Cyr, J. A., & Taylor, A. E. (1992). The mobilization of procedural learning: The “key signature�? of the basal ganglia. In L. Squire & N. Butters (Eds.), Neuropsychology of memory (2nd ed., pp. 188-202). New York: Guilford.
69. Saint-Cyr, J. A., Taylor, A. E., & Lang, A. E. (1988). Procedural learning and neostriatal dysfunction in man. Brain, 111, 941-959.
70. Savage, C. R., Baer, L., Keuthen, N. J., Brown, H. D., Jenike, M. A., Rauch, S. L., Kendrick, A. D., Manzo, P., & Albert, M. S. (1995). Organizational strategies and nonverbal memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder [Abstract]. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 9, 293-294.
71. Scarone, S., Colombo, C, Livian, S., Abbruzzese, M., Ronchi, P., Locatelli, M., Scotti, G., & Smeraldi, E. (1992). Increased right caudate nucleus size in obsessive compulsive disorder: Detection with magnetic resonance imaging. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 45, 115-121.
72. Singer, H. S., Reiss, A. L., Brown, J. E., Aylward, E. H., Shih, B., Chee, E., Harris, E. L., Reader, M. J., Chase, G. A., Bryan, R. N., & Denckla, M. B. (1993). Volumetric MRI changes in basal ganglia of children with Tourette’s syndrome. Neurology, 43, 950-956.
73. Squire, L. R. (1986). Mechanisms of memory. Science, 232, 1612-1619.
74. Stoetter, B., Braun, A. R., Randolph, C, Gernert, J., Carson, R. E., Herscovitch, P., & Chase, T. N. (1992). Functional neuroanatomy of Tourette syndrome: Limbic-motor interactions studied with PET FDG. Advances in Neurology, 58, 213-226.
75. Swedo, S. E., Pietrini, P., Leonard, H. L., Schapiro, M. B., Rettew, D. C, Goldberger, E. L., Rapoport, S. I., Rapoport, J. L., & Grady, C. L. (1992). Cerebral glucose metabolism in childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: Revisualization during pharmacotherapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 690-694.
76. Swedo, S. E., Schapiro, M. B., Grady, C. L., Cheslow, D. L., Leonard, H. L., Kumar, A., Friedland, R., Rapoport, S. I., & Rapoport, J. L. (1989). Cerebral glucose metabolism in childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 518-523.
77. Witelson, S. F. (1993). Clinical neurology as data for basic neuroscience: Tourette’s syndrome and the human motor system. Neurology, 43, 859-861.
78. Zald, D. H., & Kim, S. W. (1996). Anatomy and function of the orbital frontal cortex: H. Function and relevance to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 8, 249-261.