메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 44, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 125-144

Exploring whiteness: A study of self labels for white Americans

Author keywords

Identity; Racial identity; Self labelling; White identity; Whiteness

Indexed keywords


EID: 85064800987     PISSN: 15226514     EISSN: 15497879     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01463379609370006     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (67)

References (97)
  • 1
    • 84928221600 scopus 로고
    • The twilight of ethnicity among Americans of European ancestry: The case of Italians
    • Alba, R. D., 1985. The twilight of ethnicity among Americans of European ancestry: The case of Italians. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 8: 134–158.
    • (1985) Ethnic and Racial Studies , vol.8 , pp. 134-158
    • Alba, R.D.1
  • 3
    • 84952126880 scopus 로고
    • Critical and traditional science: Implications for communication research
    • Allen, M., 1993. Critical and traditional science: Implications for communication research. Western Journal of Communication, 57: 200–208.
    • (1993) Western Journal of Communication , vol.57 , pp. 200-208
    • Allen, M.1
  • 5
    • 84934827668 scopus 로고
    • Regional patterns of communication in the United States: A theoretical perspective
    • Andersen, P. A., Lustig, M. W., and Andersen, J. A., 1987. Regional patterns of communication in the United States: A theoretical perspective. Communication Monographs, 54: 128–144.
    • (1987) Communication Monographs , vol.54 , pp. 128-144
    • Andersen, P.A.1    Lustig, M.W.2    Andersen, J.A.3
  • 6
    • 84965585047 scopus 로고
    • Achieving unmarkedness in organizational discourse: A praxis perspective on ethnolinguistic identity
    • Banks, S. P., 1987. Achieving unmarkedness in organizational discourse: A praxis perspective on ethnolinguistic identity. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 6: 171–189.
    • (1987) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.6 , pp. 171-189
    • Banks, S.P.1
  • 10
    • 0009389709 scopus 로고
    • Albany, NY: State University of New York Press., and, eds
    • Bernal, M. E., and Knight, G., eds. 1993. Ethnic identity, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
    • (1993) Ethnic identity
    • Bernal, M.E.1    Knight, G.2
  • 12
    • 84970114243 scopus 로고
    • Freedom of speech and the language of oppression
    • Bosmajian, H. A., 1978. Freedom of speech and the language of oppression. The Speech Teacher, 21: 209–221.
    • (1978) The Speech Teacher , vol.21 , pp. 209-221
    • Bosmajian, H.A.1
  • 13
    • 0004136973 scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed.), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
    • Burke, K., 1954. Permanence and change, (2nd ed.), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
    • (1954) Permanence and change
    • Burke, K.1
  • 14
    • 0003806782 scopus 로고
    • 3rd ed.), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
    • Burke, K., 1959. Attitudes towards history, (3rd ed.), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
    • (1959) Attitudes towards history
    • Burke, K.1
  • 15
    • 0003664243 scopus 로고
    • 3rd ed.), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
    • Burke, K., 1968. Counter-statement, (3rd ed.), Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
    • (1968) Counter-statement
    • Burke, K.1
  • 20
    • 84973587732 scopus 로고
    • A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales
    • Cohen, J., 1960. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20: 37–48.
    • (1960) Educational and Psychological Measurement , vol.20 , pp. 37-48
    • Cohen, J.1
  • 22
    • 0002777260 scopus 로고
    • Cultural identity: An interpretive perspective
    • Kim Y.Y., Gudykunst W.B., (eds), Newbury Park, CA: Sage, and,. Edited by
    • Collier, M. J., and Thomas, M., 1988. “ Cultural identity: An interpretive perspective ”. In Theories in intercultural communication, Edited by: Kim, Y.Y., and Gudykunst, W.B., 99–122. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
    • (1988) Theories in intercultural communication , pp. 99-122
    • Collier, M.J.1    Thomas, M.2
  • 24
    • 0003903165 scopus 로고
    • Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press
    • Deleuze, G., and Guattari, F., 1983. Anti-Oedipus, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
    • (1983) Anti-Oedipus
    • Deleuze, G.1    Guattari, F.2
  • 25
  • 26
    • 0038993714 scopus 로고
    • White men aren't
    • DiPiero, T., 1992. White men aren't. Camera Obscura, 30: 112–137.
    • (1992) Camera Obscura , vol.30 , pp. 112-137
    • DiPiero, T.1
  • 27
    • 0004273448 scopus 로고
    • Bass A., (ed), Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Edited by
    • Derrida, J., 1982. Margins of Philosophy, Edited by: Bass, A., Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1982) Margins of Philosophy
    • Derrida, J.1
  • 28
    • 77958411412 scopus 로고
    • White
    • Dyer, R., 1988. White. Screen, 29: 44–65.
    • (1988) Screen , vol.29 , pp. 44-65
    • Dyer, R.1
  • 29
    • 84928218373 scopus 로고
    • Black, Negro or Afro-American? The differences are crucial
    • Fairchild, H. H., 1985. Black, Negro or Afro-American? The differences are crucial. Journal of Black Studies, 16: 47–55.
    • (1985) Journal of Black Studies , vol.16 , pp. 47-55
    • Fairchild, H.H.1
  • 30
    • 0039429687 scopus 로고
    • Introduction: Invisible center
    • Ferguson R., Gever M., Trinh T.M., West C., (eds), New York and Cambridge: New Museum of Contemporary Art and MIT Press,. Edited by
    • Ferguson, R., 1990. “ Introduction: Invisible center ”. In Out there: Marginalization and contemporary cultures, Edited by: Ferguson, R., Gever, M., Trinh, T. M., and West, C., 9–14. New York and Cambridge: New Museum of Contemporary Art and MIT Press.
    • (1990) Out there: Marginalization and contemporary cultures , pp. 9-14
    • Ferguson, R.1
  • 31
    • 0003521771 scopus 로고
    • Bass A.M., (ed), Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Edited by
    • Foucault, M., 1972. The archeology of knowledge, Edited by: Bass, A.M., Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1972) The archeology of knowledge
    • Foucault, M.1
  • 33
    • 0040821779 scopus 로고
    • Fantasies of oppositionality
    • December
    • Fusco, C., 1988. Fantasies of oppositionality. Afterimage, December: 6–9.
    • (1988) Afterimage , pp. 6-9
    • Fusco, C.1
  • 34
    • 0000829101 scopus 로고
    • White construction in the university
    • Gallagher, C. A., 1994. White construction in the university. Socialist Review, 1/2: 167–187.
    • (1994) Socialist Review , vol.1-2 , pp. 167-187
    • Gallagher, C.A.1
  • 35
    • 0002948531 scopus 로고
    • Communication accommodation in intercultural encounters
    • Kim Y.Y., Gudykunst W.B., (eds), Newbury Park, CA: Sage, and,. Edited by
    • Gallois, C., Franklyn-Stokes, A., Giles, H., and Coupland, N., 1988. “ Communication accommodation in intercultural encounters ”. In Theories in intercultural communication, Edited by: Kim, Y. Y., and Gudykunst, W. B., 157–185. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
    • (1988) Theories in intercultural communication , pp. 157-185
    • Gallois, C.1    Franklyn-Stokes, A.2    Giles, H.3    Coupland, N.4
  • 36
    • 84938050543 scopus 로고
    • Symbolic Ethnicity: The Future of Ethnic Groups and Cultures in America
    • Gans, H., 1979. Symbolic Ethnicity: The Future of Ethnic Groups and Cultures in America. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2: 1–20.
    • (1979) Ethnic and Racial Studies , vol.2 , pp. 1-20
    • Gans, H.1
  • 37
    • 84935429517 scopus 로고
    • Social identity: A multidimensional approach
    • Garza, R. T., and Herringer, L. G., 1987. Social identity: A multidimensional approach. Journal of Social Psychology, 127: 299–308.
    • (1987) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.127 , pp. 299-308
    • Garza, R.T.1    Herringer, L.G.2
  • 41
    • 0002781163 scopus 로고
    • The role of language in ethnic group relations
    • Turner J., Giles H., (eds), Chicago: University of Chicago Press, and,. Edited by
    • Giles, H., and Johnson, P., 1981. “ The role of language in ethnic group relations ”. In Intergroup behavior, Edited by: Turner, J., and Giles, H., 199–242. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1981) Intergroup behavior , pp. 199-242
    • Giles, H.1    Johnson, P.2
  • 43
    • 84986346871 scopus 로고
    • The influence of social identity and intimacy of interethnic relationships on uncertainty reduction processes
    • Gudykunst, W. B., and Hammer, M., 1988. The influence of social identity and intimacy of interethnic relationships on uncertainty reduction processes. Human Communication Research, 14: 569–601.
    • (1988) Human Communication Research , vol.14 , pp. 569-601
    • Gudykunst, W.B.1    Hammer, M.2
  • 44
    • 0002724788 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical perspectives for studying intercultural communication
    • Asante M.K., Gudykunst W.B., (eds), Newbury Park, CA: Sage, and,. Edited by
    • Gudykunst, W. B., and Nishida, T., 1989. “ Theoretical perspectives for studying intercultural communication ”. In Handbook of international and intercultural communication, Edited by: Asante, M. K., and Gudykunst, W. B., 17–46. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
    • (1989) Handbook of international and intercultural communication , pp. 17-46
    • Gudykunst, W.B.1    Nishida, T.2
  • 46
    • 0001264834 scopus 로고
    • New ethnicities
    • Donald J., Rattansi A., (eds), London: Sage,. Edited by
    • Hall, S., 1992. “ New ethnicities ”. In Race, culture and difference, Edited by: Donald, J., and Rattansi, A., 252–259. London: Sage.
    • (1992) Race, culture and difference , pp. 252-259
    • Hall, S.1
  • 48
    • 0012466250 scopus 로고
    • White racial identity development in the United States
    • Salett E.P., Koslow D.R., (eds), Washington, DC: National Multicultural Institute,. Edited by
    • Hardiman, R., 1994. “ White racial identity development in the United States ”. In Race, ethnicity and self: Identity in multicultural perspective, Edited by: Salett, E. P., and Koslow, D. R., 117–142. Washington, DC: National Multicultural Institute.
    • (1994) Race, ethnicity and self: Identity in multicultural perspective , pp. 117-142
    • Hardiman, R.1
  • 49
    • 84965578063 scopus 로고
    • Approaches to the study of organizations: A conversation among the three schools of thought
    • Goldhaber G.M., Barnett G.A., (eds), New York: Ablex, and,. Edited by
    • Hawes, L., Pacanowsky, M., and Faules, D., 1988. “ Approaches to the study of organizations: A conversation among the three schools of thought ”. In Handbook of organizational communication, Edited by: Goldhaber, G. M., and Barnett, G. A., 41–53. New York: Ablex.
    • (1988) Handbook of organizational communication , pp. 41-53
    • Hawes, L.1    Pacanowsky, M.2    Faules, D.3
  • 50
    • 21144467873 scopus 로고
    • 2002-A research odyssey: Toward a development of communication theory of identity
    • Hecht, M. L., 1993. 2002-A research odyssey: Toward a development of communication theory of identity. Communication Monographs, 60: 76–82.
    • (1993) Communication Monographs , vol.60 , pp. 76-82
    • Hecht, M.L.1
  • 52
    • 84965695821 scopus 로고
    • Afro-American identity labels and communicative effectiveness
    • Hecht, M. L., and Ribeau, S., 1987. Afro-American identity labels and communicative effectiveness. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 6: 319–326.
    • (1987) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.6 , pp. 319-326
    • Hecht, M.L.1    Ribeau, S.2
  • 53
    • 84970169411 scopus 로고
    • Sociocultural roots of ethnic identity. A look at Black America
    • Hecht, M. L., and Ribeau, S., 1991. Sociocultural roots of ethnic identity. A look at Black America. Journal of Black Studies, 21: 501–513.
    • (1991) Journal of Black Studies , vol.21 , pp. 501-513
    • Hecht, M.L.1    Ribeau, S.2
  • 58
    • 84970466093 scopus 로고
    • Will the real Black, Afro-American, Mixed, Colored, Negro, please stand up? Impact of the Black Social Movement twenty years later
    • Jewell, K. S., 1985. Will the real Black, Afro-American, Mixed, Colored, Negro, please stand up? Impact of the Black Social Movement twenty years later. Journal of Black Studies, 16: 57–75.
    • (1985) Journal of Black Studies , vol.16 , pp. 57-75
    • Jewell, K.S.1
  • 60
    • 84925978326 scopus 로고
    • Ethnic labels: Naming or name calling?
    • Lampe, P. E., 1982. Ethnic labels: Naming or name calling?. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 5: 542–548.
    • (1982) Ethnic and Racial Studies , vol.5 , pp. 542-548
    • Lampe, P.E.1
  • 61
    • 21344482902 scopus 로고
    • What's in a name: African American ethnic identity terms and self determination
    • Larkey, L. K., Hecht, M. L., and Martin, J. N., 1993. What's in a name: African American ethnic identity terms and self determination. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 12: 302–317.
    • (1993) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 302-317
    • Larkey, L.K.1    Hecht, M.L.2    Martin, J.N.3
  • 64
    • 85007798500 scopus 로고
    • Passages from Le Mur du Pacific, 1979
    • Brochet P., Royle N., Woodward K., (eds),. Edited by
    • Lyotard, J. F., 1983. “ Passages from Le Mur du Pacific, 1979 ”. In Sub Stance, 37/38 Edited by: Brochet, P., Royle, N., and Woodward, K., 89–99.
    • (1983) Sub Stance, 37/38 , pp. 89-99
    • Lyotard, J.F.1
  • 65
    • 84925925208 scopus 로고
    • The “Ideograph”;: A link between Rhetoric and ideology
    • McGee, M. C., 1980. The “Ideograph”;: A link between Rhetoric and ideology. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 66: 1–16.
    • (1980) Quarterly Journal of Speech , vol.66 , pp. 1-16
    • McGee, M.C.1
  • 66
    • 0003760510 scopus 로고
    • White privilege and male privilege
    • Andersen A.L., Collins P.H., (eds), Belmont, CA: Wadsworth,. Edited by
    • McIntosh, P., 1992. “ White privilege and male privilege ”. In Race, class and gender: An anthology, Edited by: Andersen, A. L., and Collins, P. H., 65–69. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
    • (1992) Race, class and gender: An anthology , pp. 65-69
    • McIntosh, P.1
  • 67
    • 0039245703 scopus 로고
    • Domination and subordinatioa
    • Rothenberg P.S., (ed), New York: St. Martins,. Edited by
    • Miller, J. B., 1992. “ Domination and subordinatioa ”. In Race, class & gender in the United States: An integrated study, Edited by: Rothenberg, P. S., 20–25. New York: St. Martins.
    • (1992) Race, class & gender in the United States: An integrated study , pp. 20-25
    • Miller, J.B.1
  • 68
    • 0010204555 scopus 로고
    • Dis/orienting identities
    • Gonzalez A., Houston M., Chen V., (eds), Los Angeles: Roxbury,. Edited by
    • Nakayama, T., 1994. “ Dis/orienting identities ”. In Our Voices, Edited by: Gonzalez, A., Houston, M., and Chen, V., 12–17. Los Angeles: Roxbury.
    • (1994) Our Voices , pp. 12-17
    • Nakayama, T.1
  • 71
    • 0039079703 scopus 로고
    • Racial formations
    • Rothenberg P.S., (ed), New York: St. Martins Press, and,. Edited by
    • Omi, M., and Winant, H., 1992. “ Racial formations ”. In Race, class and gender in the United States, Edited by: Rothenberg, P. S., 26–35. New York: St. Martin's Press.
    • (1992) Race, class and gender in the United States , pp. 26-35
    • Omi, M.1    Winant, H.2
  • 74
    • 85064788146 scopus 로고
    • How I came to know “In self realization there is truth
    • Gonzalez A., Houston M., Cen V., (eds), Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury,. Edited by
    • Ribeau, S. A., 1994. “ How I came to know “In self realization there is truth.”. In Our Voices, Edited by: Gonzalez, A., Houston, M., and Cen, V., 12–17. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
    • (1994) Our Voices , pp. 12-17
    • Ribeau, S.A.1
  • 76
    • 0002183050 scopus 로고
    • White is a color! White defensiveness, postmodernism and antiracist pedagogy
    • McCarthy C., Crichlow W., (eds), New York: Routledge,. Edited by
    • Roman, L. G., 1993. “ White is a color! White defensiveness, postmodernism and antiracist pedagogy ”. In Race, identity and representation in education, Edited by: McCarthy, C., and Crichlow, W., 71–88. New York: Routledge.
    • (1993) Race, identity and representation in education , pp. 71-88
    • Roman, L.G.1
  • 80
    • 84929065141 scopus 로고
    • Self-concept research: A historical overview
    • Rosenberg, M., 1989. Self-concept research: A historical overview. Social Forces, 68: 34–44.
    • (1989) Social Forces , vol.68 , pp. 34-44
    • Rosenberg, M.1
  • 82
    • 84973794647 scopus 로고
    • Toward a discourse on racism
    • Scheurich, J. J., 1993. Toward a discourse on racism. Educational Researcher, 22: 5–10.
    • (1993) Educational Researcher , vol.22 , pp. 5-10
    • Scheurich, J.J.1
  • 86
    • 84925921460 scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity as process: The creation of an Afro-American identity
    • Stiano, K. V., 1980. Ethnicity as process: The creation of an Afro-American identity. Ethnicity, 7: 27–33.
    • (1980) Ethnicity , vol.7 , pp. 27-33
    • Stiano, K.V.1
  • 89
    • 0039908235 scopus 로고
    • The negative impact on values
    • Bowser B., Hunt R.H., (eds), Beverly Hills, CA: Sage,. Edited by
    • Terry, R. W., 1981. “ The negative impact on values ”. In Impacts of racism on Americans, Edited by: Bowser, B., and Hunt, R. H., 119–152. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
    • (1981) Impacts of racism on Americans , pp. 119-152
    • Terry, R.W.1
  • 91
    • 84895104330 scopus 로고
    • Multiculturalism and oppositionality
    • October
    • Wallace, M., 1991. Multiculturalism and oppositionality. Afterimage, 19 October: 6–9.
    • (1991) Afterimage , vol.19 , pp. 6-9
    • Wallace, M.1
  • 94
    • 84996226190 scopus 로고
    • Measuring ethnic identity: An application of the Burke Tully method
    • White, C. L., 1989. Measuring ethnic identity: An application of the Burke Tully method. Sociological Focus, 22: 249–261.
    • (1989) Sociological Focus , vol.22 , pp. 249-261
    • White, C.L.1
  • 95
    • 84928458931 scopus 로고
    • Ethnic role identity among black and white college students: An interactionist approach
    • White, C. L., and Burke, P. J., 1987. Ethnic role identity among black and white college students: An interactionist approach. Sociological Perspectives, 30: 310–331.
    • (1987) Sociological Perspectives , vol.30 , pp. 310-331
    • White, C.L.1    Burke, P.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.