메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 114, Issue 6, 2019, Pages 1060-1073

Prevalence of awareness, ever-use and current use of nicotine vaping products (NVPs) among adult current smokers and ex-smokers in 14 countries with differing regulations on sales and marketing of NVPs: cross-sectional findings from the ITC Project

(25)  Gravely, Shannon a   Driezen, Pete a   Ouimet, Janine a   Quah, Anne C K a   Cummings, K Michael b   Thompson, Mary E a   Boudreau, Christian a   Hammond, David a   McNeill, Ann c,d   Borland, Ron e   Thrasher, James F f,g   Edwards, Richard h   Omar, Maizurah i   Hitchman, Sara C j   Yong, Hua Hie e,j   Barrientos Gutierrez, Tonatiuh f   Willemsen, Marc C k   Bianco, Eduardo l   Boado, Marcelo m   Goma, Fastone Mathew n   more..


Author keywords

E cigarettes; global; income classification; nicotine vaping products (NVPs); smoking; international; regulations; policies; survey

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; AUSTRALIA; BANGLADESH; BRAZIL; CANADA; CHINA; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; ENGLAND; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEGISLATION AND JURISPRUDENCE; MALAYSIA; MALE; MARKETING; MEXICO; MIDDLE AGED; NETHERLANDS; NEW ZEALAND; PREVALENCE; PUBLIC POLICY; SMOKING; SOUTH KOREA; STATISTICAL MODEL; UNITED STATES; URUGUAY; VAPING; ZAMBIA;

EID: 85061771038     PISSN: 09652140     EISSN: 13600443     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/add.14558     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (68)

References (58)
  • 2
  • 3
    • 84990218384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarette use in the European Union: analysis of a representative sample of 27 460 Europeans from 28 countries
    • Farsalinos K. E., Poulas K., Voudris V., Le Houezec J. Electronic cigarette use in the European Union: analysis of a representative sample of 27 460 Europeans from 28 countries. Addiction 2016; 111: 2032–2040.
    • (2016) Addiction , vol.111 , pp. 2032-2040
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Poulas, K.2    Voudris, V.3    Le Houezec, J.4
  • 4
    • 84923925544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence, correlates and reasons for using electronic cigarettes among New Zealand adults
    • Li J., Newcombe R., Walton D. The prevalence, correlates and reasons for using electronic cigarettes among New Zealand adults. Addict Behav 2015; 45: 245–251.
    • (2015) Addict Behav , vol.45 , pp. 245-251
    • Li, J.1    Newcombe, R.2    Walton, D.3
  • 5
    • 85061772668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qJLe7rQ
    • Foundation for a Smoke-Free World. Global trends in nicotine. 2018. Available at: https://www.smokefreeworld.org/sites/default/files/fsfw-report-trends-in-nicotine-1005201811.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qJLe7rQ on 31 January 2019).
    • (2018) Global trends in nicotine
  • 7
    • 84857296973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2017th, edn., Waterloo, ON, Propel Centre for Population Health Impact, University of Waterloo, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qJbPlZI
    • Reid J. L., Hammond D., Rynard V. L., Madfhill C. L., Burkhalter R. Tobacco Use in Canada: Patterns and Trends, 2017th edn. Waterloo, ON: Propel Centre for Population Health Impact, University of Waterloo. Available at: https://uwaterloo.ca/propel/tobacco-use-canada-patterns-and-trends (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qJbPlZI on 31 January 2019).
    • Tobacco Use in Canada: Patterns and Trends
    • Reid, J.L.1    Hammond, D.2    Rynard, V.L.3    Madfhill, C.L.4    Burkhalter, R.5
  • 8
    • 85044866551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The debate about electronic cigarettes: harm minimization or the precautionary principle
    • Green L. W., Fielding J. E., Brownson R. C. The debate about electronic cigarettes: harm minimization or the precautionary principle. Annu Rev Public Health 2018; 39: 189–191.
    • (2018) Annu Rev Public Health , vol.39 , pp. 189-191
    • Green, L.W.1    Fielding, J.E.2    Brownson, R.C.3
  • 9
    • 85030395483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-cigarettes—aid to smoking cessation or smokescreen?
    • Editorial (no authors listed) E-cigarettes—aid to smoking cessation or smokescreen? Lancet 2014; 384: 829.
    • (2014) Lancet , vol.384 , pp. 829
  • 10
    • 85041323889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC, The National Academies Press, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qK4gQWi
    • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Public Health Consequences of E-cigarettes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2018. Available at: https://www.nap.edu/read/24952/chapter/1 (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qK4gQWi on 31 January 2019).
    • (2018) Public Health Consequences of E-cigarettes
  • 11
    • 85044328335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence review of ecigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018
    • London, Public Health England, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qKIVZk4
    • McNeill A., Brose L. S., Calder R., Bauld L., Robson D. Evidence review of ecigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018. A report commissioned by Public Health England. London: Public Health England; 2018. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/684963/Evidence_review_of_e-cigarettes_and_heated_tobacco_products_2018.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qKIVZk4 on 31 January 2019).
    • (2018) A report commissioned by Public Health England
    • McNeill, A.1    Brose, L.S.2    Calder, R.3    Bauld, L.4    Robson, D.5
  • 12
    • 85061771793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report by WHO. Conference of the Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. FCTC/COP/7/11. August, Seventh session. Delhi, India, 7–12 November 2016., (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qKOVBoq
    • World Health Organization (WHO). Electronic nicotine delivery systems and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems (ENDS/ENNDS). Report by WHO. Conference of the Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. FCTC/COP/7/11. August 2016. Seventh session. Delhi, India, 7–12 November 2016. Available at: http://www.who.int/fctc/cop/cop7/FCTC_COP_7_11_EN.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qKOVBoq on 31 January 2019).
    • (2016) Electronic nicotine delivery systems and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems (ENDS/ENNDS)
  • 13
    • 84893861191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • October, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qKe0Bym
    • International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. Position statement on electronic cigarettes (ECs) or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). October 2013. Available at: https://www.theunion.org/what-we-do/publications/official/body/E-cigarette_statement_FULL.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qKe0Bym on 31 January 2019).
    • (2013) Position statement on electronic cigarettes (ECs) or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS)
  • 14
    • 85017531936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Claims in vapour device (e-cigarette) regulation: a narrative policy framework analysis
    • O'Leary R., Borland R., Stockwell T., MacDonald M. Claims in vapour device (e-cigarette) regulation: a narrative policy framework analysis. Int J Drug Policy 2017; 44: 31–40.
    • (2017) Int J Drug Policy , vol.44 , pp. 31-40
    • O'Leary, R.1    Borland, R.2    Stockwell, T.3    MacDonald, M.4
  • 15
    • 85061828138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO urges restrictions on e-cigarettes
    • Gulland A. WHO urges restrictions on e-cigarettes. BMJ 2016; 355: i5991.
    • (2016) BMJ , vol.355
    • Gulland, A.1
  • 16
    • 85001861230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes
    • Kennedy R. D., Awopegba A., De Leon E., Cohen J. E. Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes. Tob Control 2017; 26: 440–445.
    • (2017) Tob Control , vol.26 , pp. 440-445
    • Kennedy, R.D.1    Awopegba, A.2    De Leon, E.3    Cohen, J.E.4
  • 17
    • 85061842883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, March, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qKl0aoP
    • Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Country Laws Regulating E-cigarettes: A Policy Scan. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; March 2018. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/e-cigarette_policyscan (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qKl0aoP on 31 January 2019).
    • (2018) Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Country Laws Regulating E-cigarettes: A Policy Scan
  • 18
    • 85061786431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qL4gbPz
    • European Commission. Revision of the tobacco products directive. 2016; Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/health/tobacco/products/revision_en (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qL4gbPz on 31 January 2019).
    • (2016) Revision of the tobacco products directive
  • 20
    • 85061769877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumer Protection., (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qLGpJ8m
    • UK Parliament. The tobacco and related products regulations 2016, no. 507. Consumer Protection. Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/507/pdfs/uksi_20160507_en.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qLGpJ8m on 31 January 2019).
    • The tobacco and related products regulations 2016, no. 507
  • 21
    • 85028936990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Netherlands., (accessed 14 February 2019) (Archived at, on 14 February 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/76BS054Sj
    • Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws regulating E-cigarettes. The Netherlands. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/e-cigarette/netherlands (accessed 14 February 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/76BS054Sj on 14 February 2019).
    • Country Laws regulating E-cigarettes
  • 22
    • 85044311722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • July, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qLOQvA7
    • The Advertising Standards Authority Ltd (trading as ASA) and The Committee of Advertising Practice Ltd (CAP). Electronic cigarettes. July 2017; Available at: https://www.asa.org.uk/advice-online/electronic-cigarettes.html (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qLOQvA7 on 31 January 2019).
    • (2017) Electronic cigarettes
  • 23
    • 85061778637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Tobacco and Related Products Regulations 2016., (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qLVygcn
    • The Advertising Standards Authority Ltd (trading as ASA) and The Committee of Advertising Practice Ltd (CAP). 22 electronic cigarettes CAP code. The Tobacco and Related Products Regulations 2016. Available at: https://www.asa.org.uk/type/non_broadcast/code_section/22.html (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qLVygcn on 31 January 2019).
    • 22 electronic cigarettes CAP code
  • 24
    • 85061777791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qLc8nej
    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA's deeming regulations for E-cigarettes, cigars, and all other tobacco products. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/tobaccoproducts/labeling/rulesregulationsguidance/ucm394909.htm (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qLc8nej on 31 January 2019).
    • FDA's deeming regulations for E-cigarettes, cigars, and all other tobacco products
  • 25
    • 85021648121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the regulatory environment for e-cigarettes influence the effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation? Longitudinal findings from the ITC four country survey
    • Yong H. H., Hitchman S. C., Cummings K. M., Borland R., Gravely S. M., McNeill A. et al. Does the regulatory environment for e-cigarettes influence the effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation? Longitudinal findings from the ITC four country survey. Nicotine Tob Res 2017; 19: 1268–1276.
    • (2017) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.19 , pp. 1268-1276
    • Yong, H.H.1    Hitchman, S.C.2    Cummings, K.M.3    Borland, R.4    Gravely, S.M.5    McNeill, A.6
  • 26
    • 84931592145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Awareness, trial, and current use of electronic cigarettes in 10 countries: findings from the ITC project
    • Gravely S., Fong G. T., Cummings K. M., Yan M., Quah A. C. K., Borland R. et al. Awareness, trial, and current use of electronic cigarettes in 10 countries: findings from the ITC project. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11: 11691–11704.
    • (2014) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.11 , pp. 11691-11704
    • Gravely, S.1    Fong, G.T.2    Cummings, K.M.3    Yan, M.4    Quah, A.C.K.5    Borland, R.6
  • 27
    • 84937641377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in electronic cigarette use among U.S. adults: use is increasing in both smokers and nonsmokers
    • McMillen R. C., Gottlieb M. A., Shaefer R. M., Winickoff J. P., Klein J. D. Trends in electronic cigarette use among U.S. adults: use is increasing in both smokers and nonsmokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2015; 17: 1195–1202.
    • (2015) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.17 , pp. 1195-1202
    • McMillen, R.C.1    Gottlieb, M.A.2    Shaefer, R.M.3    Winickoff, J.P.4    Klein, J.D.5
  • 28
    • 85040610087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in awareness, use of, and beliefs about electronic cigarette and snus among a longitudinal cohort of US Midwest young adults
    • Choi K., Bestrashniy J., Forster J. Trends in awareness, use of, and beliefs about electronic cigarette and snus among a longitudinal cohort of US Midwest young adults. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 20: 239–245.
    • (2018) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.20 , pp. 239-245
    • Choi, K.1    Bestrashniy, J.2    Forster, J.3
  • 29
    • 85047758376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in electronic cigarette use among adults in the United States, 2014–2016
    • Bao W., Xu G., Lu J., Snetselaar L. G., Wallace R. B. Changes in electronic cigarette use among adults in the United States, 2014–2016. JAMA 2018; 319: 2039–2041.
    • (2018) JAMA , vol.319 , pp. 2039-2041
    • Bao, W.1    Xu, G.2    Lu, J.3    Snetselaar, L.G.4    Wallace, R.B.5
  • 30
    • 85011321340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: RCP, (accesed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qN3np1h on 31 January 2019)
    • Royal College of Physicians (RCP) Nicotine without smoke: tobacco harm reduction. London: RCP; 2016. Available at: https://shop.rcplondon.ac.uk/products/nicotine-without-smoke?variant=17451373061 (accesed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qN3np1h on 31 January 2019).
    • (2016) Royal College of Physicians (RCP) Nicotine without Smoke: Tobacco Harm Reduction
  • 31
    • 84988351795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint statement on e-cigarettes by Public Health England and other UK public health organisations. July, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qLnMhzF
    • Public Health England. E-cigarettes: a developing public health consensus. Joint statement on e-cigarettes by Public Health England and other UK public health organisations. July 2016; Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/534708/E-cigarettes_joint_consensus_statement_2016.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qLnMhzF on 31 January 2019).
    • (2016) E-cigarettes: a developing public health consensus
  • 32
    • 85030098482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarette awareness, use, and perception of harmfulness in Brazil: findings from a country that has strict regulatory requirements
    • Cavalcante T. M., Szklo A. S., Perez C. A., Thrasher J. F., Szklo M., Ouimet J. et al. Electronic cigarette awareness, use, and perception of harmfulness in Brazil: findings from a country that has strict regulatory requirements. Cad Saude Publica 2017; 33: e00074416.
    • (2017) Cad Saude Publica , vol.33
    • Cavalcante, T.M.1    Szklo, A.S.2    Perez, C.A.3    Thrasher, J.F.4    Szklo, M.5    Ouimet, J.6
  • 33
    • 85061808516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Japan ‘society and new tobacco’ internet survey (JASTIS): a longitudinal internet cohort study of heat-not-burn tobacco products, electronic cigarettes and conventional tobacco products in Japan
    • (Epub ahead of print)
    • Tabuchi T., Shinozaki T., Kunugita N., Nakamura M., Tsuji I. The Japan ‘society and new tobacco’ internet survey (JASTIS): a longitudinal internet cohort study of heat-not-burn tobacco products, electronic cigarettes and conventional tobacco products in Japan. J Epidemiol 2018; https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20180116 (Epub ahead of print).
    • (2018) J Epidemiol
    • Tabuchi, T.1    Shinozaki, T.2    Kunugita, N.3    Nakamura, M.4    Tsuji, I.5
  • 34
    • 84963854291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Awareness and current use of electronic cigarettes in Indonesia, Malaysia, Qatar, and Greece: findings from 2011–2013 global adult tobacco surveys
    • Palipudi K. M., Mbulo L., Morton J., Mbulo L., Bunnell R., Blutcher-Nelson G. et al. Awareness and current use of electronic cigarettes in Indonesia, Malaysia, Qatar, and Greece: findings from 2011–2013 global adult tobacco surveys. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18: 501–507.
    • (2016) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.18 , pp. 501-507
    • Palipudi, K.M.1    Mbulo, L.2    Morton, J.3    Mbulo, L.4    Bunnell, R.5    Blutcher-Nelson, G.6
  • 35
    • 85054320729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of awareness and use of electronic cigarettes in Mexico, a middle-income country that bans them: results from a 2016 national survey
    • Zavala-Arciniega L., Reynales-Shigematsu L. M., Lozano P., Rodriguez-Andrade M. A., Arillo-Santillan E., Thrasher J. F. Patterns of awareness and use of electronic cigarettes in Mexico, a middle-income country that bans them: results from a 2016 national survey. Prev Med 2018; 116: 211–218.
    • (2018) Prev Med , vol.116 , pp. 211-218
    • Zavala-Arciniega, L.1    Reynales-Shigematsu, L.M.2    Lozano, P.3    Rodriguez-Andrade, M.A.4    Arillo-Santillan, E.5    Thrasher, J.F.6
  • 36
    • 60749089255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qLuJqm6
    • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. National Drug Strategy Household Survey [NDSHS] 2016—key findings. Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/ndshs-2016-key-findings/contents/tobacco-smoking (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qLuJqm6 on 31 January 2019).
    • National Drug Strategy Household Survey [NDSHS] 2016—key findings
  • 37
    • 84973370414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-year trends and predictors of e-cigarette use in 27 European Union member states
    • Filippidis F. T., Laverty A. A., Gerovasili V., Vardavas C. I. Two-year trends and predictors of e-cigarette use in 27 European Union member states. Tob Control 2017; 26: 98–104.
    • (2017) Tob Control , vol.26 , pp. 98-104
    • Filippidis, F.T.1    Laverty, A.A.2    Gerovasili, V.3    Vardavas, C.I.4
  • 38
    • 84990858429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Special Eurobarometer 429. May, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qMASXsO
    • European Commission. Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes. Special Eurobarometer 429. May 2015. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/archives/ebs/ebs_429_en.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMASXsO on 31 January 2019).
    • (2015) Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes
  • 40
    • 84961390801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived relative harm of electronic cigarettes over time and impact on subsequent use. A survey with 1-year and 2-year follow-ups
    • Brose L. S., Brown J., Hitchman S. C., McNeill A. Perceived relative harm of electronic cigarettes over time and impact on subsequent use. A survey with 1-year and 2-year follow-ups. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 157: 106–111.
    • (2015) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.157 , pp. 106-111
    • Brose, L.S.1    Brown, J.2    Hitchman, S.C.3    McNeill, A.4
  • 41
    • 85058750951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transitions in electronic cigarette use among adults in the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, waves 1 and 2 (2013–2015)
    • (Epub ahead of print)
    • Coleman B., Rostron B., Johnson S. E., Persoskie A., Pearson J., Stanton C. et al. Transitions in electronic cigarette use among adults in the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, waves 1 and 2 (2013–2015). Tob Control 2018; https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054174. (Epub ahead of print).
    • (2018) Tob Control
    • Coleman, B.1    Rostron, B.2    Johnson, S.E.3    Persoskie, A.4    Pearson, J.5    Stanton, C.6
  • 42
    • 85061768163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey, Wave 1 (4CV1) Technical Report. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; King's College London, London, UK;, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019), http://www.webcitation.org/75qMJ0UTW
    • ITC Project. ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey, Wave 1 (4CV1) Technical Report. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; King's College London, London, UK; 2018. Available at: https://www.itcproject.org/files/4CE1_Technical_Report-28Nov2017.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMJ0UTW on 31 January 2019)
    • (2018)
  • 43
    • 85061809176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; VicHealth Centre for Tobacco Control, Carlton, Australia; Cancer Control Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; King's College London, London, UK; University of Stirling, Stirling, UK; and the Open University, Milton Keynes, UK., (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qMOL26a
    • International Tobacco Control (ITC) Project. ITC Four Country Waves 2 to 8 (2003–2011)Technical Report. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; VicHealth Centre for Tobacco Control, Carlton, Australia; Cancer Control Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; King's College London, London, UK; University of Stirling, Stirling, UK; and the Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. 2011. Available at: https://www.itcproject.org/files/4c-w28-tech-report-sept2011.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMOL26a on 31 January 2019).
    • (2011) ITC Four Country Waves 2 to 8 (2003–2011)Technical Report
  • 44
    • 85060347719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey, wave 1 (2016)
    • 2018., [Epub ahead of print]
    • Thompson M. E., Fong G. T., Boudreau C., Driezen P., Li G., Gravely S. et al. Methods of the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey, wave 1 (2016). Addiction; 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14528. [Epub ahead of print].
    • Addiction
    • Thompson, M.E.1    Fong, G.T.2    Boudreau, C.3    Driezen, P.4    Li, G.5    Gravely, S.6
  • 45
    • 85061781213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of Waterloo. (December,)]. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada and University of Otago, New Zealand., (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qMXFSd1
    • International Tobacco Control (ITC) Project. ITC New Zealand wave 1 survey (2016–2017) technical report. University of Waterloo. (December 2017)]. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada and University of Otago, New Zealand. Available at: http://www.itcproject.org/files/ITC_NZL_W1_Tech_Report-18Dec17-final.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMXFSd1 on 31 January 2019).
    • (2017) ITC New Zealand wave 1 survey (2016–2017) technical report
  • 46
    • 85061776574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, CanadaNational Cancer Center, Republic of Korea (March, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qMf7Hnn
    • International Tobacco Control (ITC) Project. ITC Korea Survey wave 1 (new cohort) technical report. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and National Cancer Center, Republic of Korea (March 2017). Available at: https://www.itcproject.org/files/KOR1-TechReport-Mar23,2017-Final.pdf (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMf7Hnn on 31 January 2019).
    • (2017) ITC Korea Survey wave 1 (new cohort) technical report
  • 47
    • 84876143208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qMlk1Nq
    • International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project. Technical reports. Available at: https://www.itcproject.org/technical-report/ (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMlk1Nq on 31 January 2019).
    • Technical reports
  • 48
    • 84902661633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating predicted probabilities from logistic regression: different methods correspond to different target populations
    • Muller C. J., MacLehose R. F. Estimating predicted probabilities from logistic regression: different methods correspond to different target populations. Int J Epidemiol 2014; 43: 962–970.
    • (2014) Int J Epidemiol , vol.43 , pp. 962-970
    • Muller, C.J.1    MacLehose, R.F.2
  • 49
    • 84876120412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco consumption and the poor: an ethnographic analysis of hand-rolled cigarette [bidi] use in Bangladesh
    • Roy A. Tobacco consumption and the poor: an ethnographic analysis of hand-rolled cigarette [bidi] use in Bangladesh. Ethnography 2011; 13: 162–188.
    • (2011) Ethnography , vol.13 , pp. 162-188
    • Roy, A.1
  • 50
    • 84955448705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and patterns of tobacco use in Bangladesh from 2009 to 2012: evidence from international tobacco control [ITC] study
    • Nargis N., Thompson M. E., Fong G. T., Driezen P., Hussain A. K., Ruthbah U. H. et al. Prevalence and patterns of tobacco use in Bangladesh from 2009 to 2012: evidence from international tobacco control [ITC] study. PLOS ONE 2015; 10: e0141135.
    • (2015) PLOS ONE , vol.10
    • Nargis, N.1    Thompson, M.E.2    Fong, G.T.3    Driezen, P.4    Hussain, A.K.5    Ruthbah, U.H.6
  • 52
    • 85011766531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qMx77cB
    • Martin ABB. The Chinese government is getting rich selling cigarettes. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/tosv2.html?vid=&uuid=a961c9e0-258f-11e9-b5b5-8799b77d77bd&url=L25ld3MvYXJ0aWNsZXMvMjAxNC0xMi0xMi90aGUtY2hpbmVzZS1nb3Zlcm5tZW50LWlzLWdldHRpbmctcmljaC1zZWxsaW5nLWNpZ2FyZXR0ZXM= (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qMx77cB on 31 January 2019).
    • The Chinese government is getting rich selling cigarettes
    • Martin, A.B.B.1
  • 53
    • 85061842626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proíbe a comercialização, importação e propaganda de quaiquer dispositivo eletrônico para fumar, conhecidos como cigarro eletrônico. Diário Oficial da União
    • Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Resolução RDC n° 46, de 28 de agosto de 2009. Proíbe a comercialização, importação e propaganda de quaiquer dispositivo eletrônico para fumar, conhecidos como cigarro eletrônico. Diário Oficial da União 2009.
    • (2009) Resolução RDC n° 46, de 28 de agosto de 2009
  • 54
    • 85042008090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette use and onset of conventional cigarette smoking and marijuana use among Mexican adolescents
    • Lozano P., Barrientos-Gutierrez I., Arillo-Santillan E., Morello P., Mejia R., Sargent J. D. et al. A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette use and onset of conventional cigarette smoking and marijuana use among Mexican adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 180: 427–430.
    • (2017) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.180 , pp. 427-430
    • Lozano, P.1    Barrientos-Gutierrez, I.2    Arillo-Santillan, E.3    Morello, P.4    Mejia, R.5    Sargent, J.D.6
  • 56
    • 85061811976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In, Fong, G.T.Vardavas, C. (Chairs), EUREST-PLUS monitoring the implementation of the Tobacco Products Directive. Round table symposium presentation. May, (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at, on 31 January 2019)., http://www.webcitation.org/75qNCBJuu
    • Fong, G.T., Vardavas, C., Fernández, E., Mons, U., Zatoński, W., Przewoźniak, K. et al. EUREST-PLUS: ITC 6E wave 1: key findings. In, Fong, G.T., & Vardavas, C. (Chairs), EUREST-PLUS: monitoring the implementation of the Tobacco Products Directive. Round table symposium presentation. May 2017. Available at: https://eurestplus.eu/news-and-events (accessed 31 January 2019) (Archived at http://www.webcitation.org/75qNCBJuu on 31 January 2019).
    • (2017) EUREST-PLUS: ITC 6E wave 1: key findings
    • Fong, G.T.1    Vardavas, C.2    Fernández, E.3    Mons, U.4    Zatoński, W.5    Przewoźniak, K.6
  • 57
    • 85014208217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and correlates of current daily use of electronic cigarettes in the European Union: analysis of the 2014 Eurobarometer survey
    • Farsalinos K. E., Poulas K., Voudris V., Le Houezec J. Prevalence and correlates of current daily use of electronic cigarettes in the European Union: analysis of the 2014 Eurobarometer survey. Intern Emerg Med 2017; 12: 757–763.
    • (2017) Intern Emerg Med , vol.12 , pp. 757-763
    • Farsalinos, K.E.1    Poulas, K.2    Voudris, V.3    Le Houezec, J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.