Effectiveness of professional fluorides against enamel white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Dentistry

Volumn 82, Issue , 2019, Pages 1-10

  Sardana, Divesh ^a   Zhang, Jingyang ^a   Ekambaram, Manikandan ^b   Yang, Yanqi ^a   McGrath, Colman P ^a   Yiu, Cynthia K Y ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Dental caries; Fluorides; Orthodontics; Tooth demineralization; Topical fluorides

Indexed keywords

ANTICARIES AGENT; FLUORIDE VARNISH;

ADVERSE EVENT; DRUG EFFECT; ENAMEL; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; PATHOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

CARIOSTATIC AGENTS; DENTAL ENAMEL; FLUORIDES, TOPICAL; HUMANS; ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES, FIXED; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 85061444365     PISSN: 03005712     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.006     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Sundararaj, D., Venkatachalapathy, S., Tandon, A., Pereira, A., Critical evaluation of incidence and prevalence of white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic appliance treatment: a meta-analysis. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Commun. Dent. 5:6 (2015), 433–439, 10.4103/2231-0762.167719.
2. Geiger, A.M., Gorelick, L., Gwinnett, A.J., Griswold, P.G., The effect of a fluoride program on white spot formation during orthodontic treatment. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial. Orthop. 93:1 (1988), 29–37.
3. Boersma, J.G., van der Veen, M.H., Lagerweij, M.D., Bokhout, B., Prahl-Andersen, B., Caries prevalence measured with QLF after treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances: influencing factors. Caries Res. 39:1 (2005), 41–47.
4. Julien, K.C., Buschang, P.H., Campbell, P.M., Prevalence of white spot lesion formation during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 83:4 (2013), 641–647, 10.2319/071712-584.1.
5. Sagarika, N., Suchindran, S., Loganathan, S., Gopikrishna, V., Prevalence of white spot lesion in a section of Indian population undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: an in vivo assessment using the visual International Caries Detection and Assessment System II criteria. J. Conserv. Dent., 15(2), 2012, 104, 10.4103/0972-0707.94572.
6. Lucchese, A., Bondemark, L., Marcolina, M., Manuelli, M., Changes in oral microbiota due to orthodontic appliances: a systematic review. J. Oral Microbiol., 10(1), 2018, 1476645, 10.1080/20002297.2018.1476645.
7. Naranjo, A.A., Triviño, M.L., Jaramillo, A., Betancourth, M., Botero, J.E., Changes in the subgingival microbiota and periodontal parameters before and 3 months after bracket placement. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 130:3 (2006), e17–e22 275.
8. Freitas, A.O., Marquezan, M., Nojima Mda, C., Alviano, D.S., Maia, L.C., The influence of orthodontic fixed appliances on the oral microbiota: a systematic review. Dent. Press J. Orthod. 19:2 (2014), 46–55.
9. Øgaard, B., Rølla, G., Arends, J., Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization. Part 1. Lesion development. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 94 (1988), 68–73.
10. Marinho, V.C., Higgins, J.P., Sheiham, A., Logan, S., Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 1, 2003, CD002278.
11. Enaia, M., Bock, N., Ruf, S., White-spot lesions during multibracket appliance treatment: a challenge for clinical excellence. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 140:1 (2011), e17–e24, 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.12.016.
12. Kim, S., Katchooi, M., Bayiri, B., Sarikaya, M., Korpak, A.M., Huang, G.J., Predicting improvement of postorthodontic white spot lesions. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 149:5 (2016), 625–633, 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.10.025.
13. Øgaard, B., Prevalence of white spot lesions in 19-near-olds: a study on untreated and orthodontically treated persons 5 years after treatment. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 96:5 (1989), 423–427.
14. Liberati, A., Altman, D.G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P.C., loannidis, J.P., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P.J., Kleijnen, J., Moher, D., The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med., 6(7), 2009, e1000100, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100.
15. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0. Higgins, J.P.T., Green, S., (eds.), 2011 ([updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration)Available from http://handbook.cochrane.org.
16. Higgins, J.P.T., Sterne, J.A.C., Savović, J., Page, M.J., Hróbjartsson, A., Boutron, I., Reeves, B., Eldridge, S., A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials. Chandler, J., McKenzie, J., Boutron, I., Welch, V., (eds.) Cochrane Methods. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016 Issue 10 (Suppl 1).
17. Deeks, J.J., Higgins, J.P.T., Altman, D.G., Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1.0. Higgins, J.P.T., Green, S., (eds.) Chapter 9: Analysing Data and Undertaking Meta-Analyses, 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration, ((updated March 2011))Available from www.handbook.cochrane.org.
18. Sterne, J.A.C., Egger, M., Moher, D., Chapter 10: addressing reporting biases. Higgins, J.P.T., Green, S., (eds.) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 5.1.0 (Updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011 Available from www.handbook.cochrane.org.
19. Stecksén-Blicks, C., Renfors, G., Oscarson, N.D., Bergstrand, F., Twetman, S., Caries-preventive effectiveness of a fluoride varnish: a randomized controlled trial in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances. Caries Res. 41 (2007), 455–459.
20. Jiang, H., Hua, F., Yao, L., Tai, B., Du, M., Effect of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride foam on white spot lesions in orthodontic patients: a randomized trial. Pediatr. Dent. 35 (2013), 275–278.
21. Hutto Fretty, C.K., Effect of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Gel on the Prevention of White Spot Lesions in Patients Undergoing Active Orthodontic Treatment [MSc Dissertation]. Unpublished result (2014), 2018, Texas A&M University.
22. Kirschneck, C., Christl, J.J., Reicheneder, C., Proff, P., Efficacy of fluoride varnish for preventing white spot lesions and gingivitis during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances-a prospective randomized controlled trial. Clin. Oral Investig. 20 (2016), 2371–2378, 10.1007/s00784-016-1730-6.
23. Bock, N.C., Seibold, L., Heumann, C., Gnandt, E., Röder, M., Ruf, S., Changes in white spot lesions following post-orthodontic weekly application of 1.25 per cent fluoride gel over 6 months-a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Part I: photographic data evaluation. Eur. J. Orthod. 39 (2017), 134–143, 10.1093/ejo/cjw060.
24. Bock, N.C., Seibold, L., Heumann, C., Gnandt, E., Röder, M., Ruf, S., Changes in white spot lesions following post-orthodontic weekly application of 1.25 per cent fluoride gel over 6 months-a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Part II: clinical data evaluation. Eur. J. Orthod. 39 (2017), 144–152, 10.1093/ejo/cjw061.
25. Huang, G.J., Roloff-Chiang, B., Mills, B.E., Shalchi, S., Spiekerman, C., Korpak, A.M., Starrett, J.L., Greenlee, G.M., Drangsholt, R.J., Matunas, J.C., Effectiveness of MI Paste Plus and PreviDent fluoride varnish for treatment of white spot lesions: a randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 143 (2013), 31–41, 10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.09.007.
26. Ebrahimi, M., Mehrabkhani, M., Ahrari, F., Parisay, I., Jahantigh, M., The effects of three remineralizing agents on regression of white spot lesions in children: a two-week, single-blind, randomized clinical trial. J. Clin. Exp. Dent. 9 (2017), e641–e648, 10.4317/jced.53582.
27. He, T., Li, X., Dong, Y., Zhang, N., Zhong, Y., Yin, W., Hu, D., Comparative assessment of fluoride varnish and fluoride film for remineralization of postorthodontic white spot lesions in adolescents and adults over a 6-month period: a single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 149 (2016), 810–819, 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.12.010.
28. Du, M., Cheng, N., Tai, B., Jiang, H., Li, J., Bian, Z., Randomized controlled trial on fluoride varnish application for treatment of white spot lesion after fixed orthodontic treatment. Clin. Oral Investig. 16 (2012), 463–468, 10.1007/s00784-011-0520-4.
29. Singh, S., Singh, S.P., Goyal, A., Utreja, A.K., Jena, A.K., Effects of various remineralizing agents on the outcome of post-orthodontic white spot lesions (WSLs): a clinical trial. Prog. Orthod., 17, 2016, 25, 10.1186/s40510-016-0138-9.
30. Restrepo, M., Bussaneli, D.G., Jeremias, F., Cordeiro, R.C., Raveli, D.B., Magalhães, A.C., Candolo, C., Santos-Pinto, L., Control of white spot lesions with use of fluoride varnish or chlorhexidine gel during orthodontic treatment A randomized clinical trial. J. Clin. Pediatr. Dent. 40 (2016), 274–280, 10.17796/1053-4628-40.4.274.
31. Jüni, P., Holenstein, F., Sterne, J., Bartlett, C., Egger, M., Direction and impact of language bias in meta-analyses of controlled trials: empirical study. Int. J. Epidemiol. 31 (2002), 115–123.
32. Morrison, A., Polisena, J., Husereau, D., Moulton, K., Clark, M., Fiander, M., Mierzwinski-Urban, M., Clifford, T., Hutton, B., Rabb, D., The effect of English-language restriction on systematic review-based meta-analyses: a systematic review of empirical studies. Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care 28 (2012), 138–144, 10.1017/S0266462312000086.
33. Maguire, A., ADA clinical recommendations on topical fluoride for caries prevention. Evid. Dent. 15 (2014), 38–39, 10.1038/sj.ebd.6401019.
34. Benson, P.E., Parkin, N., Dyer, F., Millett, D.T., Furness, S., Germain, P., Fluorides for the prevention of early tooth decay (demineralised white lesions) during fixed brace treatment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 12(12), 2013, CD003809, 10.1002/14651858.CD003809.pub3.
35. Haynes, R.B., Devereaux, P.J., Guyatt, G.H., Physicians’ and patients’ choices in evidence based practice: evidence does not make decisions, people do. B. M. J., 324(7350), 2002, 1350.
36. Schulz, K.F., Grimes, D.A., Allocation concealment in randomised trials: defending against deciphering. Lancet 359:9306 (2002), 614–618.
37. Cohen, J., Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed., 1988, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
38. Shi, X.Q., Welander, U., Angmar-månsson, B., Occlusal caries detection with KaVo DIAGNOdent and radiography: an in vitro Comparison. Caries Res. 34 (1999), 151–158.
39. Bader, J.D., Shugars, D.A., A systematic review of the performance of a laser fluorescence device for detecting caries. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 135 (2004), 1413–1426.
40. th November 2018) http://www.who.int.eproxy.lib.hku.hk/ictrp/trial_reg/en/.
41. Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., CONSORT group, CONSORT, Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ, 23(340), 2010, c332, 10.1136/bmj.c332 (2010).