메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2002, Pages 281-312

Wildlife toxicology of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85057923450     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (48)

References (182)
  • 1
    • 0002197595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic effects of pesticides
    • 5th ed., Klaassen, C. D., Amdur, M. O., and Doull, J., Eds., McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Ecobichon, D. J., Toxic effects of pesticides, in Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 5th ed., Klaassen, C. D., Amdur, M. O., and Doull, J., Eds., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996, 643.
    • (1996) Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons , pp. 643
    • Ecobichon, D.J.1
  • 7
    • 0000896107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass mortality of birds of prey by azodrin, an organophosphorus insecticide
    • Mendelssohn, H. and Paz, U., Mass mortality of birds of prey by azodrin, an organophosphorus insecticide, Biol. Conserv., 11, 163, 1997.
    • (1997) Biol. Conserv , vol.11 , pp. 163
    • Mendelssohn, H.1    Paz, U.2
  • 8
    • 84925584016 scopus 로고
    • Understanding the impact of pesticides on wild birds by monitoring incidents of poisoning
    • Kendall, R. J. and Lacher, T. E., Jr., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Greig-Smith, P. W., Understanding the impact of pesticides on wild birds by monitoring incidents of poisoning, in Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, Kendall, R. J. and Lacher, T. E., Jr., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, 301.
    • (1994) Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems , pp. 301
    • Greig-Smith, P.W.1
  • 9
    • 0001294149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of mortality of Swainson’s hawks on wintering grounds in Argentina
    • Goldstein, M. I. et al., An assessment of mortality of Swainson’s hawks on wintering grounds in Argentina, J. Raptor Res., 30, 106, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Raptor Res , vol.30 , pp. 106
    • Goldstein, M.I.1
  • 10
    • 0032871722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poisoning of raptors with organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides with emphasis on Canada, U.S., and U.K
    • Mineau, P. et al., Poisoning of raptors with organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides with emphasis on Canada, U.S., and U.K., J. Raptor Res., 33, 1, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Raptor Res , vol.33 , pp. 1
    • Mineau, P.1
  • 11
    • 0002004860 scopus 로고
    • The acute toxicity of pesticides to rats
    • Gaines, T. B., The acute toxicity of pesticides to rats, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 2, 88, 1960.
    • (1960) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.2 , pp. 88
    • Gaines, T.B.1
  • 12
    • 0014519356 scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicity of pesticides
    • Gaines, T. B., Acute toxicity of pesticides, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515, 1969.
    • (1969) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.14 , pp. 515
    • Gaines, T.B.1
  • 13
    • 0015310336 scopus 로고
    • The acute toxicity of 369 pesticidal, pharmaceutical, and other chemicals to wild birds
    • Schafer, E. W., The acute toxicity of 369 pesticidal, pharmaceutical, and other chemicals to wild birds, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 21, 315, 1972.
    • (1972) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.21 , pp. 315
    • Schafer, E.W.1
  • 14
    • 0001905371 scopus 로고
    • Handbook of Acute Toxicity of Chemicals to Fish and Aquatic Invertebrates
    • Washington, D.C
    • Johnson, W. W. and Finley, M. T., Handbook of Acute Toxicity of Chemicals to Fish and Aquatic Invertebrates, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Resour. Publ. 137, Washington, D.C., 1980.
    • (1980) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Resour. Publ , vol.137
    • Johnson, W.W.1    Finley, M.T.2
  • 15
    • 0020531207 scopus 로고
    • The acute oral toxicity, repellency, and hazard potential of 998 chemicals to one or more species of wild and domestic birds
    • Schafer, E. W., Jr., Bowles, W. A., Jr., and Hurlbut, J., The acute oral toxicity, repellency, and hazard potential of 998 chemicals to one or more species of wild and domestic birds, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 12, 355, 1983.
    • (1983) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.12 , pp. 355
    • Schafer, E.W.1    Bowles, W.A.2    Hurlbut, J.3
  • 18
    • 0001639996 scopus 로고
    • The use of cholinesterase measurements in assessing the impacts of pesticides on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates
    • Mineau, P., Ed., Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam
    • Edwards, C. A. and Fisher, S. W., The use of cholinesterase measurements in assessing the impacts of pesticides on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates, in Cholinesterase-Inhibiting Insecticides: Their Impact on Wildlife and the Environment, Mineau, P., Ed., Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, 1991, 255.
    • (1991) Cholinesterase-Inhibiting Insecticides: Their Impact on Wildlife and the Environment , pp. 255
    • Edwards, C.A.1    Fisher, S.W.2
  • 19
    • 0006250694 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of anticholinesterases to aquatic organisms
    • Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
    • Murty, A. S. and Ramani, A. V., Toxicity of anticholinesterases to aquatic organisms, in Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1992, 305.
    • (1992) Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates , pp. 305
    • Murty, A.S.1    Ramani, A.V.2
  • 21
    • 0038289637 scopus 로고
    • Some effects of pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems
    • McIntyre, A. D. and Mills, C. F., Eds., Plenum Publishing Company, New York
    • Stickel, W. H., Some effects of pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems, in Ecological Toxicology Research, McIntyre, A. D. and Mills, C. F., Eds., Plenum Publishing Company, New York, 1975, 25.
    • (1975) Ecological Toxicology Research , pp. 25
    • Stickel, W.H.1
  • 22
    • 0003149383 scopus 로고
    • The impact of pesticides on the environment
    • Pimentel, D. and Lehman, H., Eds., Chapman & Hall, New York
    • Edwards, C. A., The impact of pesticides on the environment, in The Pesticide Question: Environment, Economies, and Ethics, Pimentel, D. and Lehman, H., Eds., Chapman & Hall, New York, 1993, 13.
    • (1993) The Pesticide Question: Environment, Economies, and Ethics , pp. 13
    • Edwards, C.A.1
  • 23
    • 0002746727 scopus 로고
    • Pesticides use, trends, and issues in the United States
    • Pimentel, D. and Lehman, H., Eds., Chapman and Hall, New York
    • Osteen, C., Pesticides use, trends, and issues in the United States, in The Pesticide Question: Environment, Economics, and Ethics, Pimentel, D. and Lehman, H., Eds., Chapman and Hall, New York, 1993, 307.
    • (1993) The Pesticide Question: Environment, Economics, and Ethics , pp. 307
    • Osteen, C.1
  • 24
    • 0001881929 scopus 로고
    • Organochlorine pesticides
    • Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Blus, L. J., Organochlorine pesticides, in Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995, 275.
    • (1995) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 275
    • Blus, L.J.1
  • 25
    • 0033363225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing estimation of pesticide-related wildlife mortality
    • Vyas, N., Factors influencing estimation of pesticide-related wildlife mortality, Toxicol. Indust. Health, 15, 186, 1999.
    • (1999) Toxicol. Indust. Health , vol.15 , pp. 186
    • Vyas, N.1
  • 26
    • 0010495146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildlife toxicology
    • 2nd ed., Ballantyne, B., Marrs, T. C., and Syversen, T., Eds., Macmillan, London
    • Hill, E. F., Wildlife toxicology, in General and Applied Toxicology, 2nd ed., Ballantyne, B., Marrs, T. C., and Syversen, T., Eds., Macmillan, London, 1999, 1327.
    • (1999) General and Applied Toxicology , pp. 1327
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 27
    • 0001314878 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors affecting contaminate toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates
    • Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Rattner, B. A. and Heath, A. G., Environmental factors affecting contaminate toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, in Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995, 519.
    • (1995) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 519
    • Rattner, B.A.1    Heath, A.G.2
  • 28
    • 0011031825 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides
    • Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Hill, E. F., Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides, in Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995, 243.
    • (1995) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 243
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 29
    • 84956479032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus agents and the environment
    • Karalliedde, L. et al., Eds., Imperial College Press, London
    • Hill, E.F., Organophosphorus agents and the environment, in Organophosphates and Health, Karalliedde, L. et al., Eds., Imperial College Press, London, 2001, 317.
    • (2001) Organophosphates and Health , pp. 317
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 30
    • 0021993049 scopus 로고
    • Acute oral toxicity and repellency of 933 chemicals to house and deer mice
    • Schafer, E. W. and Bowles, W. A., Jr., Acute oral toxicity and repellency of 933 chemicals to house and deer mice, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 14, 11, 1985.
    • (1985) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.14 , pp. 11
    • Schafer, E.W.1    Bowles, W.A.2
  • 32
    • 85057904869 scopus 로고
    • Anticholinesterases used in the USSR: Poisoning, treatment and preventable measures
    • Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford
    • Kundiev, Y. I. and Kagan, Y. S., Anticholinesterases used in the USSR: Poisoning, treatment and preventable measures, in Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 1992, 494.
    • (1992) Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates , pp. 494
    • Kundiev, Y.I.1    Kagan, Y.S.2
  • 34
    • 0040121529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides
    • 2nd ed., Fairbrother, A., Locke, L. N., and Hoff, G. L., Eds., University Press, Ames, IA
    • Fairbrother, A., Cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides, in Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife, 2nd ed., Fairbrother, A., Locke, L. N., and Hoff, G. L., Eds., University Press, Ames, IA, 1996, 52.
    • (1996) Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife , pp. 52
    • Fairbrother, A.1
  • 35
    • 0016440488 scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase (ChE) response and related mortality among birds fed ChE inhibitors
    • Ludke, J. L., Hill, E. F., and Dieter, M. P., Cholinesterase (ChE) response and related mortality among birds fed ChE inhibitors, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 3, 1, 1975.
    • (1975) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.3 , pp. 1
    • Ludke, J.L.1    Hill, E.F.2    Dieter, M.P.3
  • 36
    • 0345323318 scopus 로고
    • Anticholinesterase poisoning of birds: Field monitoring and diagnosis of acute poisoning
    • Hill, E. F. and Fleming, W. J., Anticholinesterase poisoning of birds: Field monitoring and diagnosis of acute poisoning, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 1, 27, 1982.
    • (1982) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.1 , pp. 27
    • Hill, E.F.1    Fleming, W.J.2
  • 37
    • 0023123105 scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides: An intermediate syndrome
    • Senanayaka, N. and Karalliedde, L., Neurotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides: An intermediate syndrome, N. Engl. J. Med., 316, 761, 1987.
    • (1987) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.316 , pp. 761
    • Senanayaka, N.1    Karalliedde, L.2
  • 38
    • 12244313836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intermediate syndrome
    • Karalliedde, L. et al., Eds., Imperial College Press, London
    • DeBleecker, J. L., The intermediate syndrome, in Organophosphates and Health, Karalliedde, L. et al., Eds., Imperial College Press, London, 2001, 141.
    • (2001) Organophosphates and Health , pp. 141
    • Debleecker, J.L.1
  • 39
    • 0025288847 scopus 로고
    • Histochemical demonstration of calcium accumulation in muscle fibres after experimental organophosphate poisoning
    • Inns, R. H. et al., Histochemical demonstration of calcium accumulation in muscle fibres after experimental organophosphate poisoning, Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 9, 245, 1990.
    • (1990) Hum. Exp. Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 245
    • Inns, R.H.1
  • 40
    • 0019439707 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity
    • Abou-Donia, M. B., Organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity, Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 21, 511, 1981.
    • (1981) Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol , vol.21 , pp. 511
    • Abou-Donia, M.B.1
  • 41
    • 0021139585 scopus 로고
    • Subacute organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards
    • Hoffman, D. J., Sileo, L., and Murray, H. C., Subacute organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 75, 128, 1984.
    • (1984) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.75 , pp. 128
    • Hoffman, D.J.1    Sileo, L.2    Murray, H.C.3
  • 42
    • 0002223891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicology of pesticides
    • 2nd ed., Ballantyne, B., Marrs, T. C., and Syversen, T., Eds., Macmillan Reference, London
    • Marrs, T. C. and Dewhurst, I., Toxicology of pesticides, in General and Applied Toxicology, 2nd ed., Ballantyne, B., Marrs, T. C., and Syversen, T., Eds., Macmillan Reference, London, 1999, 1993.
    • (1999) General and Applied Toxicology , pp. 1993
    • Marrs, T.C.1    Dewhurst, I.2
  • 44
    • 6744255895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological and behavioral changes in nontarget wildlife exposed to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides: Thermoregulation, food consumption, and reproduction
    • Grue, C. E., Gilbert, P. L., and Seeley, M. E., Neurophysiological and behavioral changes in nontarget wildlife exposed to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides: Thermoregulation, food consumption, and reproduction, Am. Zool., 37, 369, 1997.
    • (1997) Am. Zool , vol.37 , pp. 369
    • Grue, C.E.1    Gilbert, P.L.2    Seeley, M.E.3
  • 45
    • 0021640575 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: Technical grade versus granular formulations
    • Hill, E. F. and Camardese, M. B., Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: Technical grade versus granular formulations, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 8, 551, 1984.
    • (1984) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf , vol.8 , pp. 551
    • Hill, E.F.1    Camardese, M.B.2
  • 46
    • 0018101527 scopus 로고
    • Species differences in microsomal monooxygenase activities and their relationship to biological half lives
    • Walker, C. H., Species differences in microsomal monooxygenase activities and their relationship to biological half lives, Drug Metab. Rev., 7, 295, 1978.
    • (1978) Drug Metab. Rev , vol.7 , pp. 295
    • Walker, C.H.1
  • 47
    • 0001109471 scopus 로고
    • Species variations in some hepatic microsomal enzymes that metabolize xenobiotics
    • Walker, C. H., Species variations in some hepatic microsomal enzymes that metabolize xenobiotics, Prog. Drug Metab., 5, 118, 1980.
    • (1980) Prog. Drug Metab , vol.5 , pp. 118
    • Walker, C.H.1
  • 48
    • 0002999979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecotoxicology of “new generation” pesticides to amphibians
    • Sparling, D. W., Linder, G., and Bishop, C. A., Eds., SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL
    • Cowman, D. F. and Mazanti, L. E., Ecotoxicology of “new generation” pesticides to amphibians, in Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles, Sparling, D. W., Linder, G., and Bishop, C. A., Eds., SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL, 2000, 233.
    • (2000) Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles , pp. 233
    • Cowman, D.F.1    Mazanti, L.E.2
  • 49
    • 0347022483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecotoxicology of pesticides in reptiles
    • Sparling, D. W., Linder, G., and Bishop, C. A., Eds., SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL
    • Pauli, B. D. and Money, S., Ecotoxicology of pesticides in reptiles, in Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles, Sparling, D. W., Linder, G., and Bishop, C. A., Eds., SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL, 2000, 269.
    • (2000) Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles , pp. 269
    • Pauli, B.D.1    Money, S.2
  • 50
    • 0019495842 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of brain and plasma cholinesterase activities in ducklings exposed to organophosphorus pesticides
    • Fleming, W. J., Recovery of brain and plasma cholinesterase activities in ducklings exposed to organophosphorus pesticides, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 10, 215, 1981.
    • (1981) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.10 , pp. 215
    • Fleming, W.J.1
  • 51
    • 0019802758 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of cholinesterase activity in five avian species exposed to dicrotophos, an organophosphorus pesticide
    • Fleming, W. J. and Grue, C. E., Recovery of cholinesterase activity in five avian species exposed to dicrotophos, an organophosphorus pesticide, Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 16, 129, 1981.
    • (1981) Pest. Biochem. Physiol , vol.16 , pp. 129
    • Fleming, W.J.1    Grue, C.E.2
  • 52
    • 0002824818 scopus 로고
    • Avian toxicology of anticholinesterases
    • Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
    • Hill, E. F., Avian toxicology of anticholinesterases, in Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1992, 272.
    • (1992) Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates , pp. 272
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 53
    • 0019387537 scopus 로고
    • Carbamate poisoning. Effects of selected carbamate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • Westlake, G. E. et al., Carbamate poisoning. Effects of selected carbamate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), J. Agric. Food Chem., 29, 779, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.29 , pp. 779
    • Westlake, G.E.1
  • 56
    • 0014407198 scopus 로고
    • The chromatographic determination of organophosphorus pesticides. III. The effect of irradiation on the parent compounds
    • Mitchell, T. H. et al., The chromatographic determination of organophosphorus pesticides. III. The effect of irradiation on the parent compounds, J. Chromatogr., 32, 17, 1968.
    • (1968) J. Chromatogr , vol.32 , pp. 17
    • Mitchell, T.H.1
  • 57
    • 0000645518 scopus 로고
    • Further studies on the metabolism of Thimet by plants, insects, and mammals
    • Bowman, J. S. and Casida, J. E., Further studies on the metabolism of Thimet by plants, insects, and mammals, J. Econ. Entomol., 51, 838, 1958.
    • (1958) J. Econ. Entomol , vol.51 , pp. 838
    • Bowman, J.S.1    Casida, J.E.2
  • 58
    • 0014154671 scopus 로고
    • The gas chromatographic determination of organophosphorus pesticides. II. A comparative study of hydrolysis rates
    • Ruzicka, J. H., Thomson, J., and Wheals, B. B., The gas chromatographic determination of organophosphorus pesticides. II. A comparative study of hydrolysis rates, J. Chromatogr., 31, 37, 1967.
    • (1967) J. Chromatogr , vol.31 , pp. 37
    • Ruzicka, J.H.1    Thomson, J.2    Wheals, B.B.3
  • 59
    • 0018162619 scopus 로고
    • A compartmentalized microcosm for studying the fate of chemicals in the environment
    • Lichtenstein, E. P., Liang, T. T., and Fuhrman, T. W., A compartmentalized microcosm for studying the fate of chemicals in the environment, J. Agric. Food Chem., 26, 948, 1978.
    • (1978) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.26 , pp. 948
    • Lichtenstein, E.P.1    Liang, T.T.2    Fuhrman, T.W.3
  • 61
    • 0021640535 scopus 로고
    • Persistence and movement of phorate at high concentrations in soil
    • Singh, G. and Singh, Z., Persistence and movement of phorate at high concentrations in soil, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 8, 540, 1984.
    • (1984) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf , vol.8 , pp. 540
    • Singh, G.1    Singh, Z.2
  • 62
    • 0242412627 scopus 로고
    • Persistence, degradation, and bioactivity of phorate and its oxidative analogs in soil
    • Getzin, L. W. and Shanks, C. H., Persistence, degradation, and bioactivity of phorate and its oxidative analogs in soil, J. Econ. Entomol., 63, 52, 1970.
    • (1970) J. Econ. Entomol , vol.63 , pp. 52
    • Getzin, L.W.1    Shanks, C.H.2
  • 63
    • 0020429977 scopus 로고
    • Pesticides in ground water: The aldicarb story in Suffolk County, NY
    • Zaki, M. H., Moran, D., and Harris, D., Pesticides in ground water: The aldicarb story in Suffolk County, NY, Am. J. Public Health, 72, 1391, 1982.
    • (1982) Am. J. Public Health , vol.72 , pp. 1391
    • Zaki, M.H.1    Moran, D.2    Harris, D.3
  • 64
    • 12244270225 scopus 로고
    • Incidence, presentation and therapeutic attitudes to anticholinesterase poisoning in the USA
    • Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
    • Hall, A. H. and Rumack, B. H., Incidence, presentation and therapeutic attitudes to anticholinesterase poisoning in the USA, in Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1992, 471.
    • (1992) Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates , pp. 471
    • Hall, A.H.1    Rumack, B.H.2
  • 67
    • 0000453470 scopus 로고
    • Divergent effects of postmortem ambient temperature on organophosphorus- and carbamateinhibited brain cholinesterase activity in birds
    • Hill, E. F., Divergent effects of postmortem ambient temperature on organophosphorus- and carbamateinhibited brain cholinesterase activity in birds, Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 33, 264, 1989.
    • (1989) Pest. Biochem. Physiol , vol.33 , pp. 264
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 68
    • 85168150210 scopus 로고
    • Subacute toxicity testing with young birds: Response in relation to age and intertest variability of LC50 estimates
    • Lamb, D. W. and Kenega, E. E., Eds., ASTM STP 757, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia
    • Hill, E. F. and Camardese, M. B., Subacute toxicity testing with young birds: Response in relation to age and intertest variability of LC50 estimates, in Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference, Lamb, D. W. and Kenega, E. E., Eds., ASTM STP 757, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1981, 41.
    • (1981) Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference , pp. 41
    • Hill, E.F.1    Camardese, M.B.2
  • 69
    • 0028183463 scopus 로고
    • Carbofuran affects wildlife on Virginia corn fields
    • Stinson, E. R. et al., Carbofuran affects wildlife on Virginia corn fields, Wildl. Soc. Bull., 22, 566, 1994.
    • (1994) Wildl. Soc. Bull , vol.22 , pp. 566
    • Stinson, E.R.1
  • 71
    • 0030180363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poisoning of bald eagles and red-tailed hawks by carbofuran and fensulfothion in the Fraser Delta of British Columbia, Canada
    • Elliott, J. E. et al., Poisoning of bald eagles and red-tailed hawks by carbofuran and fensulfothion in the Fraser Delta of British Columbia, Canada, J. Wildl. Dis., 32, 486, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Wildl. Dis , vol.32 , pp. 486
    • Elliott, J.E.1
  • 72
    • 0018200255 scopus 로고
    • Loss of carbofuran from rice paddy water: Chemical and physical factors
    • Seiber, J. N., Catahan, M. P., and Barril, C. R., Loss of carbofuran from rice paddy water: Chemical and physical factors, J. Environ. Sci. Health, B, 13, 131, 1978.
    • (1978) J. Environ. Sci. Health, B , vol.13 , pp. 131
    • Seiber, J.N.1    Catahan, M.P.2    Barril, C.R.3
  • 74
    • 0015109159 scopus 로고
    • Model ecosystems for the evaluation of pesticide biodegradability and ecological magnification
    • Metcalf, R. L., Saugha, G. K., and Kapoor, I. P., Model ecosystems for the evaluation of pesticide biodegradability and ecological magnification, Environ. Sci. Tech., 5, 709, 1971.
    • (1971) Environ. Sci. Tech , vol.5 , pp. 709
    • Metcalf, R.L.1    Saugha, G.K.2    Kapoor, I.P.3
  • 75
    • 0016189181 scopus 로고
    • Partition coefficient to measure bioconcentration potential of organic chemicals in fish
    • Neely, W. B., Branson, D. R., and Blau, G. E., Partition coefficient to measure bioconcentration potential of organic chemicals in fish, Environ. Sci. Tech., 8, 1113, 1974.
    • (1974) Environ. Sci. Tech , vol.8 , pp. 1113
    • Neely, W.B.1    Branson, D.R.2    Blau, G.E.3
  • 77
    • 0020116611 scopus 로고
    • Influence of soil temperature and soil moisture on degradation and metabolism of carbofuran in soil
    • Ou, L. et al., Influence of soil temperature and soil moisture on degradation and metabolism of carbofuran in soil, J. Environ. Qual., 11, 293, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Environ. Qual , vol.11 , pp. 293
    • Ou, L.1
  • 78
    • 84916170729 scopus 로고
    • Residues of supracide and carbofuran in green and dehydrated alfalfa
    • Fahey, J. E., Wilson, M. C., and Armbrust, E. J., Residues of supracide and carbofuran in green and dehydrated alfalfa, J. Econ. Entomol., 63, 589, 1970.
    • (1970) J. Econ. Entomol , vol.63 , pp. 589
    • Fahey, J.E.1    Wilson, M.C.2    Armbrust, E.J.3
  • 79
    • 0015863204 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and distribution of carbofuran and its metabolites in field grown corn plants
    • Turner, B. C. and Caro, J. H., Uptake and distribution of carbofuran and its metabolites in field grown corn plants, J. Environ. Qual., 2, 245, 1973.
    • (1973) J. Environ. Qual , vol.2 , pp. 245
    • Turner, B.C.1    Caro, J.H.2
  • 80
    • 0007870007 scopus 로고
    • Pesticide drift: 1. High clearance versus aerial application of sprays
    • Ware, G. W. et al., Pesticide drift: 1. High clearance versus aerial application of sprays, J. Econ. Entomol., 62, 840, 1969.
    • (1969) J. Econ. Entomol , vol.62 , pp. 840
    • Ware, G.W.1
  • 84
    • 0002589591 scopus 로고
    • Agricultural chemicals and the quality of prairie pothole wetlands for adult and juvenile waterfowl — What are the concerns?
    • Stuber, P. J., Coord., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Biol. Rep. 88(16), Washington, D.C
    • Grue, C. E. et al., Agricultural chemicals and the quality of prairie pothole wetlands for adult and juvenile waterfowl — What are the concerns? in Proc. Natl. Symp. Prot. of Wetlands from Agricultural Impacts, Stuber, P. J., Coord., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Biol. Rep. 88(16), Washington, D.C., 1988.
    • (1988) Proc. Natl. Symp. Prot. of Wetlands from Agricultural Impacts
    • Grue, C.E.1
  • 85
    • 0000349593 scopus 로고
    • Potential impacts of agricultural chemicals on waterfowl and other wildlife inhabiting prairie wetlands: An evaluation of research needs and approaches
    • Grue, C. E. et al., Potential impacts of agricultural chemicals on waterfowl and other wildlife inhabiting prairie wetlands: An evaluation of research needs and approaches, Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf., 51, 357, 1986.
    • (1986) Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf , vol.51 , pp. 357
    • Grue, C.E.1
  • 86
    • 3242712123 scopus 로고
    • Case studies: Effects of agricultural pesticides on waterfowl and prairie pothole wetlands
    • Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Tome, M. W., Grue, C. E., and Henry, M. G., Case studies: Effects of agricultural pesticides on waterfowl and prairie pothole wetlands, in Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995, 565.
    • (1995) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 565
    • Tome, M.W.1    Grue, C.E.2    Henry, M.G.3
  • 87
    • 0026292823 scopus 로고
    • Ethyl parathion in wetlands following aerial application to sunflowers in North Dakota
    • Tome, M. W., Grue, C. E., and DeWeese, L. R., Ethyl parathion in wetlands following aerial application to sunflowers in North Dakota, Wildl. Soc. Bull., 19, 450, 1991.
    • (1991) Wildl. Soc. Bull , vol.19 , pp. 450
    • Tome, M.W.1    Grue, C.E.2    Deweese, L.R.3
  • 89
    • 2342596901 scopus 로고
    • Aerial application and spray drift of anticholinesterase: Protective measures
    • Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford
    • Richter, E. D., Aerial application and spray drift of anticholinesterase: Protective measures, in Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates, Ballantyne, B. and Marrs, T. C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1992, 623.
    • (1992) Clinical and Experimental Toxicology of Organophosphates and Carbamates , pp. 623
    • Richter, E.D.1
  • 90
    • 0015549765 scopus 로고
    • An incident of fenthion mosquito control and subsequent avian mortality
    • Seabloom, R. W. et al., An incident of fenthion mosquito control and subsequent avian mortality, J. Wildl. Dis., 9, 18, 1973.
    • (1973) J. Wildl. Dis , vol.9 , pp. 18
    • Seabloom, R.W.1
  • 91
    • 0018880023 scopus 로고
    • Predicted bioconcentration factors and soil sorption coefficients of pesticides and other chemicals
    • Kenaga, E. E., Predicted bioconcentration factors and soil sorption coefficients of pesticides and other chemicals, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 4, 26, 1980.
    • (1980) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf , vol.4 , pp. 26
    • Kenaga, E.E.1
  • 93
    • 0018094197 scopus 로고
    • Drug metabolism in birds
    • Pan, H. P. and Fouts, J. R., Drug metabolism in birds, Drug Metab. Rev., 7, 1, 1978.
    • (1978) Drug Metab. Rev , vol.7 , pp. 1
    • Pan, H.P.1    Fouts, J.R.2
  • 94
    • 0019296451 scopus 로고
    • A-esterase activities in relation to the differential toxicity of pirimiphos-methyl to birds and mammals
    • Brealey, C. J., Walker, C. H., and Baldwin, B. C., A-esterase activities in relation to the differential toxicity of pirimiphos-methyl to birds and mammals, Pest. Sci., 11, 546, 1980.
    • (1980) Pest. Sci , vol.11 , pp. 546
    • Brealey, C.J.1    Walker, C.H.2    Baldwin, B.C.3
  • 95
    • 0003105106 scopus 로고
    • Toxicological properties of the organophosphorus insecticide dimethoate
    • Sanderson, D. M. and Edson, E. F., Toxicological properties of the organophosphorus insecticide dimethoate, Brit. J. Indust. Med., 21, 52, 1964.
    • (1964) Brit. J. Indust. Med , vol.21 , pp. 52
    • Sanderson, D.M.1    Edson, E.F.2
  • 96
    • 0006366699 scopus 로고
    • Acute and subacute toxicity of pesticides in microtine rodents
    • Lamb, D. W. and Kenaga, E. E., Eds., ASTM STP 757, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia
    • Cholakis, J. M. et al., Acute and subacute toxicity of pesticides in microtine rodents, in Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: 2nd Conference, Lamb, D. W. and Kenaga, E. E., Eds., ASTM STP 757, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1981, 143.
    • (1981) Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: 2Nd Conference , pp. 143
    • Cholakis, J.M.1
  • 97
    • 84919281687 scopus 로고
    • Protocol for testing the acute and relative toxicity of pesticides to penned birds
    • U.S. Department of the Interior, Circ. 226, Washington, D.C
    • Heath, R. G. and Stickel, L. F., Protocol for testing the acute and relative toxicity of pesticides to penned birds, in The Effects of Pesticides on Wildlife, U.S. Department of the Interior, Circ. 226, Washington, D.C., 1965, 18.
    • (1965) The Effects of Pesticides on Wildlife , pp. 18
    • Heath, R.G.1    Stickel, L.F.2
  • 98
    • 0003948947 scopus 로고
    • A Consideration of Inter-Species Variability in the Use of the Median Lethal Dose (LD50) in Avian Risk Assessment
    • Hull, Quebec
    • Baril, A. et al., A Consideration of Inter-Species Variability in the Use of the Median Lethal Dose (LD50) in Avian Risk Assessment, Canadian Wildlife Service, Tech. Rep. 216, Hull, Quebec, 1994.
    • (1994) Canadian Wildlife Service, Tech. Rep , vol.216
    • Baril, A.1
  • 99
    • 0001699202 scopus 로고
    • Acute and subacute toxicology in evaluation of pesticide hazard to avian wildlife
    • Kendall, R. J. and Lacher, T. E., Jr., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Hill, E. F., Acute and subacute toxicology in evaluation of pesticide hazard to avian wildlife, in Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, Kendall, R. J. and Lacher, T. E., Jr., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, 207.
    • (1994) Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems , pp. 207
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 100
    • 0009517769 scopus 로고
    • A Critique of the Avian 5-Day Dietary Test (LC50) as the Basis of Avian Risk Assessment
    • Hull, Quebec
    • Mineau, P. and Baril, A., A Critique of the Avian 5-Day Dietary Test (LC50) as the Basis of Avian Risk Assessment, Canadian Wildlife Service, Tech. Rep. Ser. 215, Hull, Quebec, 1994.
    • (1994) Canadian Wildlife Service, Tech. Rep. Ser , vol.215
    • Mineau, P.1    Baril, A.2
  • 102
    • 0015386201 scopus 로고
    • Effect of age on sensitivity: Acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages
    • Hudson, R. H., Tucker, R. K., and Haegele, M. A., Effect of age on sensitivity: Acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 22, 556, 1972.
    • (1972) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.22 , pp. 556
    • Hudson, R.H.1    Tucker, R.K.2    Haegele, M.A.3
  • 104
    • 0018764212 scopus 로고
    • Comparative toxicology of insecticides for vertebrate wildlife and fish
    • Tucker, R. K. and Leitzke, J. S., Comparative toxicology of insecticides for vertebrate wildlife and fish, Pharmacol. Ther., 6, 167, 1979.
    • (1979) Pharmacol. Ther , vol.6 , pp. 167
    • Tucker, R.K.1    Leitzke, J.S.2
  • 105
    • 84957354361 scopus 로고
    • Use of moving averages and interpolation to estimate median effective dose, I. Fundamental formulas, estimation of error, and relation to other methods
    • Thompson, W. R., Use of moving averages and interpolation to estimate median effective dose, I. Fundamental formulas, estimation of error, and relation to other methods, Bacteriol. Rev.,11, 115, 1947.
    • (1947) Bacteriol. Rev , vol.11 , pp. 115
    • Thompson, W.R.1
  • 106
    • 0001617649 scopus 로고
    • Tables for convenient calculation of median effective dose (LD50 or ED50) and instructions in their use
    • Weil, C. S., Tables for convenient calculation of median effective dose (LD50 or ED50) and instructions in their use, Biometrics, 8, 249, 1952.
    • (1952) Biometrics , vol.8 , pp. 249
    • Weil, C.S.1
  • 108
    • 0025942073 scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicity of four anticholinesterase insecticides to American kestrels, eastern screech-owls, and northern bobwhite
    • Wiemeyer, S. N. and Sparling, D. W., Acute toxicity of four anticholinesterase insecticides to American kestrels, eastern screech-owls, and northern bobwhite, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 10, 1139, 1991.
    • (1991) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.10 , pp. 1139
    • Wiemeyer, S.N.1    Sparling, D.W.2
  • 109
    • 0025959295 scopus 로고
    • Routes of uptake and their relative contribution to the toxicological response to northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) to an organophosphate pesticide
    • Driver, C. J. et al., Routes of uptake and their relative contribution to the toxicological response to northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) to an organophosphate pesticide, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 10, 21, 1991.
    • (1991) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.10 , pp. 21
    • Driver, C.J.1
  • 110
    • 0014123965 scopus 로고
    • Influence of route of administration on the toxicity of some cholinesterase inhibitors
    • Natoff, I. L., Influence of route of administration on the toxicity of some cholinesterase inhibitors, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 19, 612, 1967.
    • (1967) J. Pharm. Pharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 612
    • Natoff, I.L.1
  • 112
    • 0018388639 scopus 로고
    • Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of pesticides to mallards: Correlations with mammalian toxicity data
    • Hudson, R. H., Haegele, M. A., and Tucker, R. K., Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of pesticides to mallards: Correlations with mammalian toxicity data, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 47, 451, 1979.
    • (1979) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.47 , pp. 451
    • Hudson, R.H.1    Haegele, M.A.2    Tucker, R.K.3
  • 113
    • 0015864194 scopus 로고
    • Comparative toxicity of seventeen pesticides to the Quelea, house-sparrow, and red-winged blackbird
    • Schafer, E. W., Jr. et al., Comparative toxicity of seventeen pesticides to the Quelea, house-sparrow, and red-winged blackbird, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 26, 154, 1973.
    • (1973) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.26 , pp. 154
    • Schafer, E.W.1
  • 114
    • 0002908954 scopus 로고
    • The nature of epidermal barrier and some factors influencing skin permeability
    • Vinson, L. J. et al., The nature of epidermal barrier and some factors influencing skin permeability, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 7 (Suppl.), 7, 1965.
    • (1965) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.7 , pp. 7
    • Vinson, L.J.1
  • 116
    • 0001585510 scopus 로고
    • The water economy of land birds
    • Bartholomew, G. A. and Cade, T. J., The water economy of land birds, Auk, 80, 504, 1963.
    • (1963) Auk , vol.80 , pp. 504
    • Bartholomew, G.A.1    Cade, T.J.2
  • 117
    • 0019403285 scopus 로고
    • Fenthion poisoning of wading birds
    • Zinkl, J. G. et al., Fenthion poisoning of wading birds, J. Wildl. Dis., 17, 117, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Wildl. Dis , vol.17 , pp. 117
    • Zinkl, J.G.1
  • 118
    • 0020804070 scopus 로고
    • Effects on birds of fenthion aerial application for mosquito control
    • DeWeese, L. R. et al., Effects on birds of fenthion aerial application for mosquito control, J. Econ. Entomol., 76, 906, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Econ. Entomol , vol.76 , pp. 906
    • Deweese, L.R.1
  • 119
    • 0007797523 scopus 로고
    • Wildlife mortality related to the use of the pesticide diazinon
    • Stone, W. B. and Gradoni, P. B., Wildlife mortality related to the use of the pesticide diazinon, Northeast Environ. Sci., 4, 30, 1985.
    • (1985) Northeast Environ. Sci , vol.4 , pp. 30
    • Stone, W.B.1    Gradoni, P.B.2
  • 120
    • 85057900969 scopus 로고
    • Intent to Cancel Registrations on Denial of Applications for Registration of Pesticide Products Containing Diazinon; Conclusion of Special Review
    • U.S. EPA, Intent to Cancel Registrations on Denial of Applications for Registration of Pesticide Products Containing Diazinon; Conclusion of Special Review, Fed. Regis., 51, 35034, 1986.
    • (1986) Fed. Regis , vol.51 , pp. 35034
    • Epa, U.S.1
  • 121
    • 0017566369 scopus 로고
    • Seed treatment pesticide effects on pheasant reproduction at sublethal doses
    • Stromborg, K. L., Seed treatment pesticide effects on pheasant reproduction at sublethal doses, J. Wildl. Manage., 41, 632, 1977.
    • (1977) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.41 , pp. 632
    • Stromborg, K.L.1
  • 122
    • 0000415114 scopus 로고
    • Assessing hazards of organophosphate pesticides to wildlife
    • Grue, C. E. et al., Assessing hazards of organophosphate pesticides to wildlife, Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf., 48, 200, 1983.
    • (1983) Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf , vol.48 , pp. 200
    • Grue, C.E.1
  • 123
    • 0017081551 scopus 로고
    • Poisoning of wild geese by carbophenothion-treated winter wheat
    • Hamilton, G. A. et al., Poisoning of wild geese by carbophenothion-treated winter wheat, Pest. Sci., 7, 175, 1976.
    • (1976) Pest. Sci , vol.7 , pp. 175
    • Hamilton, G.A.1
  • 124
    • 9544235367 scopus 로고
    • Wildlife deaths in Scotland resulting from misuse of agricultural chemicals
    • Hamilton, G. A. et al., Wildlife deaths in Scotland resulting from misuse of agricultural chemicals, Biol. Cons., 21, 315, 1981.
    • (1981) Biol. Cons , vol.21 , pp. 315
    • Hamilton, G.A.1
  • 126
    • 0011091831 scopus 로고
    • The Impact of the Insecticide Carbofuran (Furadan 480F) on the Burrowing Owl in Canada
    • Hull, Quebec
    • Fox, G. A. et al., The Impact of the Insecticide Carbofuran (Furadan 480F) on the Burrowing Owl in Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Tech. Rep. 72, Hull, Quebec, 1989.
    • (1989) Canadian Wildlife Service, Tech. Rep , vol.72
    • Fox, G.A.1
  • 127
    • 0022208599 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate insecticide (Famphur) topically applied to cattle kills magpies and hawks
    • Henny, C. J., Kolbe, E. J., and Fitzner, R. E., Organophosphate insecticide (Famphur) topically applied to cattle kills magpies and hawks, J. Wildl. Manage., 49, 648, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.49 , pp. 648
    • Henny, C.J.1    Kolbe, E.J.2    Fitzner, R.E.3
  • 128
    • 0019136005 scopus 로고
    • Secondary poisoning of barn owls with famphur, an organophosphate insecticide
    • Hill, E. F. and Mendenhall, V. M., Secondary poisoning of barn owls with famphur, an organophosphate insecticide, J. Wildl. Manage., 44, 676, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.44 , pp. 676
    • Hill, E.F.1    Mendenhall, V.M.2
  • 129
    • 0018900057 scopus 로고
    • Bioconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides to hazardous levels by amphibians
    • Hall, R. J. and Kolbe, E. J., Bioconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides to hazardous levels by amphibians, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 6, 853, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.6 , pp. 853
    • Hall, R.J.1    Kolbe, E.J.2
  • 130
    • 0006117398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-712-C- 96-139, Washington, D.C
    • U.S. EPA, Ecological Effects Test Guidelines, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-712-C- 96-139, Washington, D.C., 1996.
    • (1996) Ecological Effects Test Guidelines
  • 131
    • 0021323789 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of potential embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of 42 herbicides, insecticides, and petroleum contaminants to mallard eggs
    • Hoffman, D. J. and Albers, P. H., Evaluation of potential embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of 42 herbicides, insecticides, and petroleum contaminants to mallard eggs, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 13, 15, 1984.
    • (1984) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.13 , pp. 15
    • Hoffman, D.J.1    Albers, P.H.2
  • 132
    • 0025368670 scopus 로고
    • Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of environmental contaminants to bird eggs
    • Hoffman, D. J., Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of environmental contaminants to bird eggs, Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 115, 40, 1990.
    • (1990) Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.115 , pp. 40
    • Hoffman, D.J.1
  • 133
    • 34250135783 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of granular insecticides to wild-caught songbirds
    • Balcomb, R., Stevens, R., and Bowen, C., II, Toxicity of granular insecticides to wild-caught songbirds, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 33, 302, 1984.
    • (1984) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.33 , pp. 302
    • Balcomb, R.1    Stevens, R.2    Bowen, C.3
  • 134
    • 0007842348 scopus 로고
    • Avian mortality in agro-ecosystems. The case against granular insecticides in Canada
    • Greaves, M. P., Smith, B. D., and Greig-Smith, P. W., Eds., Brit. Crop. Prot. Monog
    • Mineau, P., Avian mortality in agro-ecosystems. The case against granular insecticides in Canada, in Field Methods for the Study of Environmental Effects of Pesticides, Greaves, M. P., Smith, B. D., and Greig-Smith, P. W., Eds., Brit. Crop. Prot. Monog., 40, 3, 1988.
    • (1988) Field Methods for the Study of Environmental Effects of Pesticides , vol.40 , Issue.3
    • Mineau, P.1
  • 135
    • 0026781990 scopus 로고
    • Granular insecticides and birds: Factors to be considered in understanding exposure and reducing risk
    • Best, L. B. and Fischer, D. L., Granular insecticides and birds: Factors to be considered in understanding exposure and reducing risk, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 11, 1495, 1991.
    • (1991) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.11 , pp. 1495
    • Best, L.B.1    Fischer, D.L.2
  • 136
    • 0029850922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House sparrow preferential consumption of pesticide granules with different surface coatings
    • Best, L. B., Stafford, T. R., and Mihaich, E. M., House sparrow preferential consumption of pesticide granules with different surface coatings, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 15, 1763, 1996.
    • (1996) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.15 , pp. 1763
    • Best, L.B.1    Stafford, T.R.2    Mihaich, E.M.3
  • 137
    • 0030301509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grit color selection by house sparrows and northern bobwhite
    • Gionfriddo, J. P. and Best, L. B., Grit color selection by house sparrows and northern bobwhite, J. Wildl. Manage., 60, 836, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.60 , pp. 836
    • Gionfriddo, J.P.1    Best, L.B.2
  • 138
    • 0029841513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of different formulations of granular pesticides on birds
    • Stafford, T. R., Best, L. B., and Fischer, D. L., Effects of different formulations of granular pesticides on birds, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 15, 1606, 1996.
    • (1996) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.15 , pp. 1606
    • Stafford, T.R.1    Best, L.B.2    Fischer, D.L.3
  • 139
    • 0031934625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of application rate on avian risk from granular pesticides
    • Stafford, T. R. and Best, L. B., Effects of application rate on avian risk from granular pesticides, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 17, 526, 1998.
    • (1998) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.17 , pp. 526
    • Stafford, T.R.1    Best, L.B.2
  • 140
    • 0001546910 scopus 로고
    • Modification of parathion’s toxicity for rats by pretreatment with chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides
    • Ball, W. I. et al., Modification of parathion’s toxicity for rats by pretreatment with chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol., 32, 440, 1954.
    • (1954) Can. J. Biochem. Physiol , vol.32 , pp. 440
    • Ball, W.I.1
  • 141
    • 0009670996 scopus 로고
    • Toxicologic interactions of chlorinated hydrocarbon and organophosphate insecticides
    • Triolo, A. J. and Coon, J. M., Toxicologic interactions of chlorinated hydrocarbon and organophosphate insecticides, J. Agric. Food Chem., 14, 549, 1966.
    • (1966) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.14 , pp. 549
    • Triolo, A.J.1    Coon, J.M.2
  • 142
    • 0014748084 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the diet on the toxicity of several organophosphorus insecticides
    • Menzer, R. E., Effect of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the diet on the toxicity of several organophosphorus insecticides, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 16, 446, 1970.
    • (1970) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 446
    • Menzer, R.E.1
  • 143
    • 0017342856 scopus 로고
    • DDE increases the toxicity of parathion to coturnix quail
    • Ludke, J. L., DDE increases the toxicity of parathion to coturnix quail, Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 7, 28, 1977.
    • (1977) Pest. Biochem. Physiol , vol.7 , pp. 28
    • Ludke, J.L.1
  • 144
    • 1842383166 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of the toxicity of organophosphorus compounds
    • DuBois, K. P., Potentiation of the toxicity of organophosphorus compounds, Adv. Pest Cont. Res., 4, 117, 1961.
    • (1961) Adv. Pest Cont. Res , vol.4 , pp. 117
    • Dubois, K.P.1
  • 145
    • 0014181902 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of pesticides with other factors
    • Durham, W. F., The interaction of pesticides with other factors, Residue Rev., 18, 21, 1967.
    • (1967) Residue Rev , vol.18 , pp. 21
    • Durham, W.F.1
  • 146
    • 0014453064 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of pesticide interactions in vertebrates
    • Murphy, S. D., Mechanisms of pesticide interactions in vertebrates, Residue Rev., 25, 201, 1969.
    • (1969) Residue Rev , vol.25 , pp. 201
    • Murphy, S.D.1
  • 147
    • 0015615091 scopus 로고
    • Tests of pesticidal synergism with young pheasants and Japanese quail
    • Kreitzer, J. F. and Spann, J. W., Tests of pesticidal synergism with young pheasants and Japanese quail, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 9, 250, 1973.
    • (1973) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 250
    • Kreitzer, J.F.1    Spann, J.W.2
  • 148
    • 0017807282 scopus 로고
    • The protection of animals against organophosphate poisoning by pretreatment with a carbamate
    • Gordon, J. J., Leadbeater, L., and Miadment, M. P., The protection of animals against organophosphate poisoning by pretreatment with a carbamate, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 43, 207, 1978.
    • (1978) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.43 , pp. 207
    • Gordon, J.J.1    Leadbeater, L.2    Miadment, M.P.3
  • 149
    • 0023156540 scopus 로고
    • Potentiations of N-methylcarbamate toxicities by organophosphorus insecticides in male mice
    • Takahashi, H. et al., Potentiations of N-methylcarbamate toxicities by organophosphorus insecticides in male mice, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 8, 139, 1987.
    • (1987) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol , vol.8 , pp. 139
    • Takahashi, H.1
  • 150
    • 0024920782 scopus 로고
    • Effects of organophosphorus insecticides on sage grouse in southeastern Idaho
    • Blus, L. J. et al., Effects of organophosphorus insecticides on sage grouse in southeastern Idaho, J. Wildl. Manage., 53, 1139, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.53 , pp. 1139
    • Blus, L.J.1
  • 152
    • 0001314878 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates
    • Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Ratter, B. A. and Heath, A. G., Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, in Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Hoffman, D. J. et al., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995, 519.
    • (1995) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 519
    • Ratter, B.A.1    Heath, A.G.2
  • 153
    • 0022825906 scopus 로고
    • Bird poisoning from misuse of the carbamate Furadan in a Texas rice field
    • Flickinger, E. L. et al., Bird poisoning from misuse of the carbamate Furadan in a Texas rice field, Wildl. Soc. Bull., 14, 59, 1986.
    • (1986) Wildl. Soc. Bull , vol.14 , pp. 59
    • Flickinger, E.L.1
  • 154
    • 0019373997 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate poisoning. Effects of selected organophosphate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • Westlake, G. E. et al., Organophosphate poisoning. Effects of selected organophosphate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), J. Agric. Food Chem., 29, 772, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.29 , pp. 772
    • Westlake, G.E.1
  • 155
    • 0001841991 scopus 로고
    • Serum B esterases as indicators of exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides
    • Fosi, C. and Leonzio, C., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Thompson, H. M. and Walker, C. H., Serum B esterases as indicators of exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides, in Nondestructive Biomarkers in Vertebrates, Fosi, C. and Leonzio, C., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, 35.
    • (1994) Nondestructive Biomarkers in Vertebrates , pp. 35
    • Thompson, H.M.1    Walker, C.H.2
  • 157
    • 0027291776 scopus 로고
    • Development and optimization of reactivation techniques for carbamate- inhibited brain and plasma cholinesterases in birds and mammals
    • Hunt, K. A. and Hooper, M. J., Development and optimization of reactivation techniques for carbamate- inhibited brain and plasma cholinesterases in birds and mammals, Anal. Biochem., 212, 335, 1993.
    • (1993) Anal. Biochem , vol.212 , pp. 335
    • Hunt, K.A.1    Hooper, M.J.2
  • 159
    • 0017289748 scopus 로고
    • Thermoregulation in mice treated with parathion, carbaryl, or DDT
    • Ahdaya, S. M., Shar, P. V., and Guthrie, F. E., Thermoregulation in mice treated with parathion, carbaryl, or DDT, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 35, 575, 1976.
    • (1976) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol , vol.35 , pp. 575
    • Ahdaya, S.M.1    Shar, P.V.2    Guthrie, F.E.3
  • 160
    • 0020355367 scopus 로고
    • Changes in toxicity of DDVP, DFP, and parathion in rats under cold environment
    • Chattopadhyay, D. P. et al., Changes in toxicity of DDVP, DFP, and parathion in rats under cold environment, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 29, 605, 1982.
    • (1982) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.29 , pp. 605
    • Chattopadhyay, D.P.1
  • 161
    • 0021467556 scopus 로고
    • Methyl parathion and fenvalerate toxicity in American kestrels: Acute physiological responses and effects of cold
    • Rattner, B. A., and Franson, J. C., Methyl parathion and fenvalerate toxicity in American kestrels: Acute physiological responses and effects of cold, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 62, 787, 1984.
    • (1984) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol , vol.62 , pp. 787
    • Rattner, B.A.1    Franson, J.C.2
  • 162
    • 0023095538 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of parathion toxicity to quail by heat and cold exposure
    • Rattner, B. A., Becker, J. M., and Nakatsugawa, T., Enhancement of parathion toxicity to quail by heat and cold exposure, Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 27, 330, 1987.
    • (1987) Pest. Biochem. Physiol , vol.27 , pp. 330
    • Rattner, B.A.1    Becker, J.M.2    Nakatsugawa, T.3
  • 164
    • 0023251024 scopus 로고
    • Cold stress and acute organophosphorus exposure: Interaction effects on juvenile northern bobwhite
    • Maguire, C. C. and Williams, B. A., Cold stress and acute organophosphorus exposure: Interaction effects on juvenile northern bobwhite, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 16, 477, 1987.
    • (1987) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.16 , pp. 477
    • Maguire, C.C.1    Williams, B.A.2
  • 165
    • 0020461547 scopus 로고
    • Care of nestlings by wild female starlings exposed to an organophosphate pesticide
    • Grue, C. E., Powell, G. V. N., and McChesney, M. J., Care of nestlings by wild female starlings exposed to an organophosphate pesticide, J. Appl. Ecol., 19, 327, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Appl. Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 327
    • Grue, C.E.1    Powell, G.V.N.2    McChesney, M.J.3
  • 166
    • 0023733655 scopus 로고
    • Effects of methyl parathion in ducks and duck broods
    • Brewer, L. W. et al., Effects of methyl parathion in ducks and duck broods, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 7, 375, 1988.
    • (1988) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.7 , pp. 375
    • Brewer, L.W.1
  • 167
    • 0025777536 scopus 로고
    • Effects of methyl parathion on northern bobwhite survivability
    • Buerger, T. T. et al., Effects of methyl parathion on northern bobwhite survivability, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 10, 527, 1991.
    • (1991) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.10 , pp. 527
    • Buerger, T.T.1
  • 168
    • 0029922204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity, survivability, and activity patterns of northern bobwhite quail dosed with the insecticide terbufos
    • Brewer, R. A. et al., Toxicity, survivability, and activity patterns of northern bobwhite quail dosed with the insecticide terbufos, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 15, 750, 1996.
    • (1996) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.15 , pp. 750
    • Brewer, R.A.1
  • 169
    • 0022396910 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral responses of birds to pesticides and other contaminants
    • Peakall, D. B., Behavioral responses of birds to pesticides and other contaminants, Residue Rev., 96, 45, 1985.
    • (1985) Residue Rev , vol.96 , pp. 45
    • Peakall, D.B.1
  • 170
    • 0039939701 scopus 로고
    • Do behavioral responses to pesticide exposure affect wildlife population parameters?
    • Kendall, R. J. and Lacher, T. E., Jr., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Bennett, R. S., Do behavioral responses to pesticide exposure affect wildlife population parameters?, in Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, Kendall, R. J. and Lacher, T. E., Jr., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, 241.
    • (1994) Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems , pp. 241
    • Bennett, R.S.1
  • 172
    • 0018402135 scopus 로고
    • Adult and embryo responses to organophosphate pesticide: Azodrin
    • Schom, C. B., Abbott, U. K., and Walker, N. E., Adult and embryo responses to organophosphate pesticide: Azodrin, Poultry Sci., 58, 60, 1979.
    • (1979) Poultry Sci , vol.58 , pp. 60
    • Schom, C.B.1    Abbott, U.K.2    Walker, N.E.3
  • 173
    • 0016110157 scopus 로고
    • Studies with bobwhite quail: Reproductive characteristics
    • Schom, C. B. and Abbott, U. K., Studies with bobwhite quail: Reproductive characteristics, Poultry Sci., 53, 1860, 1974.
    • (1974) Poultry Sci , vol.53 , pp. 1860
    • Schom, C.B.1    Abbott, U.K.2
  • 174
    • 0022598871 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive toxicity of monocrotophos to bobwhite quail
    • Stromborg, K. L., Reproductive toxicity of monocrotophos to bobwhite quail, Poultry Sci., 65, 51, 1986.
    • (1986) Poultry Sci , vol.65 , pp. 51
    • Stromborg, K.L.1
  • 175
    • 0025646638 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary methyl parathion on northern bobwhite egg production and eggshell quality
    • Bennett, J. K. and Bennett, R. S., Effects of dietary methyl parathion on northern bobwhite egg production and eggshell quality, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 9, 1481, 1990.
    • (1990) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.9 , pp. 1481
    • Bennett, J.K.1    Bennett, R.S.2
  • 176
    • 0025803772 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary exposure to methyl parathion on egg laying and incubation in mallards
    • Bennett, R. S. et al., Effects of dietary exposure to methyl parathion on egg laying and incubation in mallards, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 10, 501, 1991.
    • (1991) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.10 , pp. 501
    • Bennett, R.S.1
  • 177
    • 0025053616 scopus 로고
    • Effects of methyl parathion on red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) incubation behavior and nesting success
    • Meyers, S. M., Cummings, J. L., and Bennett, R. S., Effects of methyl parathion on red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) incubation behavior and nesting success, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 9, 808, 1990.
    • (1990) Environ. Toxicol. Chem , vol.9 , pp. 808
    • Meyers, S.M.1    Cummings, J.L.2    Bennett, R.S.3
  • 178
    • 0024220646 scopus 로고
    • Postfledging survival of European starlings exposed to an organophosphorus insecticide
    • Stromborg, K. L. et al., Postfledging survival of European starlings exposed to an organophosphorus insecticide, Ecology, 69, 590, 1988.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 590
    • Stromborg, K.L.1
  • 179
    • 0021598218 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction by an altricial songbird, the red-winged blackbird, in fields treated with the organophosphate insecticide fenthion
    • Powell, G. V. N., Reproduction by an altricial songbird, the red-winged blackbird, in fields treated with the organophosphate insecticide fenthion, J. Appl. Ecol., 21, 83, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Appl. Ecol , vol.21 , pp. 83
    • Powell, G.V.N.1
  • 180
    • 0004661425 scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicity of dieldrin and malathion to wild sharp-tailed grouse
    • McEwen, L. C. and Brown, R. L., Acute toxicity of dieldrin and malathion to wild sharp-tailed grouse, J. Wildl. Manage., 30, 604, 1966.
    • (1966) J. Wildl. Manage , vol.30 , pp. 604
    • McEwen, L.C.1    Brown, R.L.2
  • 181
    • 0020781260 scopus 로고
    • Parathion alters incubation behavior of laughing gulls
    • White, D. H. et al., Parathion alters incubation behavior of laughing gulls, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 31, 93, 1983.
    • (1983) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.31 , pp. 93
    • White, D.H.1
  • 182
    • 0018669371 scopus 로고
    • Parathion causes secondary poisoning in a laughing gull breeding colony
    • White, D. H. et al., Parathion causes secondary poisoning in a laughing gull breeding colony, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 23, 281, 1979.
    • (1979) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol , vol.23 , pp. 281
    • White, D.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.