The clinical significance of acute brain injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage and opportunity for intervention

Acta Neurochirurgica, Supplementum

Volumn , Issue 105, 2008, Pages 179-184

  Ayer, R E ^a   Zhang, J H ^a,b  

^a LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

acute brain injury; apoptosis; blood brain barrier; edema; infarction; inflammation; oxidative stress; Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Indexed keywords

COLLAGEN TYPE 4; FREE RADICAL; GELATINASE B; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN C JUN; VASCULOTROPIN;

ANGIOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN ARTERY ANEURYSM RUPTURE; BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN VASOSPASM; CELL DAMAGE; CELL DEATH; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DNA DAMAGE; HEART ARREST; HUMAN; HYPOXEMIA; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION; MACROPHAGE; MORTALITY; NERVOUS SYSTEM INFLAMMATION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; TH1 CELL; TH2 CELL; TH3 CELL; ANIMAL; INFLAMMATION; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; TIME;

ANIMALS; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN INJURIES; CELL DEATH; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 85052608546     PISSN: 00651419     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-09469-3_35     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Arora M, Chen L, Paglia M, Gallagher I, Allen JE, Vyas YM, Ray A, Ray P (2006) Simvastatin promotes Th2-type responses through the induction of the chitinase family member Ym1 in dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:7777-7782
2. Becker KJ, Kindrick DL, Lester MP, Shea C, Ye ZC (2005) Sensitization to brain antigens after stroke is augmented by lipopolysaccharide. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 25:1634-1644
3. Becker KJ, McCarron RM, Ruetzler C, Laban O, Sternberg E, Flanders KC, Hallenbeck JM (1997) Immunologic tolerance to myelin basic protein decreases stroke size after transient focal cerebral ischemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:10873-10878
4. Broderick JP, Brott TG, Duldner JE, Tomsick T, Leach A (1994) Initial and recurrent bleeding are the major causes of death following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 25:1342-1347
5. Busch E, Beaulieu C, de Crespigny A, Moseley ME (1998) Diffusion MR imaging during acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Stroke 29:2155-2161
6. Cahill J, Calvert JW, Zhang JH (2006) Mechanisms of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 26:1341-1353
7. Claassen J, Carhuapoma JR, Kreiter KT, Du EY, Connolly ES, Mayer SA (2002) Global cerebral edema after subarachnoid hemorrhage: frequency, predictors, and impact on outcome. Stroke 33:1225-1232
8. Claassen J, Vu A, Kreiter KT, Kowalski RG, Du EY, Ostapkovich N, Fitzsimmons BF, Connolly ES, Mayer SA (2004) Effect of acute physiologic derangements on outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 32:832-838
9. Endo H, Nito C, Kamada H, Yu F, Chan PH (2007) Reduction in oxidative stress by superoxide dismutase overexpression attenuates acute brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via activation of Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3beta survival signaling. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 27:975-982 (Pubitemid 46659025)
10. Feigin VL, Anderson N, Rinkel GJ, Algra A, van Gijn J, Bennett DA (2005) Corticosteroids for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and primary intracerebral haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD004583
11. Feigin VL, Lawes CM, Bennett DA, Anderson CS (2003) Stroke epidemiology: a review of population-based studies of incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality in the late 20th century. Lancet Neurol 2:43-53
12. Figueroa S, Oset-Gasque MJ, Arce C, Martinez-Honduvilla CJ, González MP (2006) Mitochondrial involvement in nitric oxideinduced cellular death in cortical neurons in culture. J Neurosci Res 83:441-449
13. Gee JM, Kalil A, Shea C, Becker KJ (2007) Lymphocytes: potential mediators of postischemic injury and neuroprotection. Stroke 38:783-788
14. Germanò A, Imperatore C, d'Avella D, Costa G, Tomasello F (1998) Antivasospastic and brain-protective effects of a hydroxyl radical scavenger (AVS) after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 88:1075-1081
15. Hakamada-Taguchi R, Uehara Y, Kuribayashi K, Numabe A, Saito K, Negoro H, Fujita T, Toyo-oka T, Kato T (2003) Inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl- coenzyme a reductase reduces Th1 development and promotes Th2 development. Circ Res 93:948-956
16. Haley EC Jr, Kassell NF, Apperson-Hansen C, Maile MH, Alves WM (1997) A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial of tirilazad mesylate in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a cooperative study in North America. J Neurosurg 86:467-474
17. Hendrix S, Nitsch R (2007) The role of T helper cells in neuroprotection and regeneration. J Neuroimmunol 184:100-112
18. Heuer GG, Smith MJ, Elliott JP, Winn HR, LeRoux PD (2004) Relationship between intracranial pressure and other clinical variables in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 101:408-416
19. Hop JW, Rinkel GJ, Algra A, van Gijn J (1997) Case-fatality rates and functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review. Stroke 28:660-664
20. Horstmann S, Su Y, Koziol J, Meyding-Lamadé U, Nagel S, Wagner S (2006) MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in peripheral blood after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 251:82-86
21. Hutter BO, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Mayfrank L, Rohde V, Spetzger U, Gilsbach JM (1999) Functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir Suppl 72:157-174
22. Imperatore C, Germanò A, d'Avella D, Tomasello F, Costa G (2000) Effects of the radical scavenger AVS on behavioral and BBB changes after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Life Sci 66:779-790
23. Kamiya K, Kuyama H, Symon L (1983) An experimental study of the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 59:917-924
24. Kassell NF, Haley EC Jr, Apperson-Hansen C, Alves WM (1996) Randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial of tirilazad mesylate in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a cooperative study in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. J Neurosurg 84:221-228
25. Kassell NF, Torner JC, Haley EC Jr, Jane JA, Adams HP, Kongable GL (1990) The international cooperative study on the timing of aneurysm surgery. Part 1: Overall management results. J Neurosurg 73:18-36
26. Kreiter KT, Copeland D, Bernardini GL, Bates JE, Peery S, Claassen J, Du YE, Stern Y, Connolly ES, Mayer SA (2002) Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 33:200-208
27. Kubota T, Handa Y, Tsuchida A, Kaneko M, Kobayashi H, Kubota T (1993) The kinetics of lymphocyte subsets and macrophages in subarachnoid space after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Stroke 24:1993-2001
28. Kusaka G, Ishikawa M, Nanda A, Granger DN, Zhang JH (2004) Signaling pathways for early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 24:916-925
29. Lagares A, Gómez PA, Lobato RD, Alén JF, Alday R, Campollo J (2001) Prognostic factors on hospital admission after spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 143:665-672
30. Lanzino G, Kassell NF (1999) Double-blind, randomized, vehiclecontrolled study of high-dose tirilazad mesylate in women with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Part II: A cooperative study in North America. J Neurosurg 90:1018-1024 (Pubitemid 29241167)
31. Lanzino G, Kassell NF, Dorsch NW, Pasqualin A, Brandt L, Schmiedek P, Truskowski LL, Alves WM (1999) Double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study of high-dose tirilazad mesylate in women with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Part I: A cooperative study in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. J Neurosurg 90:1011-1017
32. Macdonald RL (2007) Prevention of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with clazosentan, and ednothelin receptor antagonist (abstract #800). Neurosurgery 59: a453
33. Macdonald RL (2007) Randomized trial of clazosentan for prevention vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (abstract #462). Stroke 38: a453-a607
34. Mandal M, Mandal A, Das S, Chakraborti T, Sajal C (2003) Clinical implications of matrix metalloproteinases. Mol Cell Biochem 252:305-329
35. Mathiesen T, Lefvert AK (1996) Cerebrospinal fluid and blood lymphocyte subpopulations following subarachnoid haemorrhage. Br J Neurosurg 10:89-92
36. Mayhan WG (1999) VEGF increases permeability of the blood-brain barrier via a nitric oxide synthase/cGMP-dependent pathway. Am J Physiol 276: C1148-C1153
37. McGirt MJ, Lynch JR, Blessing R, Warner DS, Friedman AH, Laskowitz DT (2002) Serum von Willebrand factor, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels predict the onset of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 51:1128-1135
38. Mocco J, Prickett CS, Komotar RJ, Connolly ES, Mayer SA (2007) Potential mechanisms and clinical significance of global cerebral edema following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Focus 22: E7
39. Nakayama T, Illoh K, Ruetzler C, Auh S, Sokoloff L, Hallenbeck J (2007) Intranasal administration of E-selectin to induce immunological tolerization can suppress subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced vasospasm implicating immune and inflammatory mechanisms in its genesis. Brain Res 1132:177-184
40. Oruckaptan HH, Caner HH, Kilinc K, Ozgen T (2000) No apparent role for neutrophils and neutrophil-derived myeloperoxidase in experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage and vasospasm: a preliminary study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 142:83-90
41. Ostrowski RP, Colohan AR, Zhang JH (2006) Molecular mechanisms of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Res 28:399-414
42. Park S, Yamaguchi M, Zhou C, Calvert JW, Tang J, Zhang JH (2004) Neurovascular protection reduces early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 35:2412-2417
43. Pickard JD, Murray GD, Illingworth R, Shaw MD, Teasdale GM, Foy PM, Humphrey PR, Lang DA, Nelson R, Richards P (1989) Effect of oral nimodipine on cerebral infarction and outcome after subarachnoid haemorrhage: British aneurysm nimodipine trial. BMJ 298:636-642
44. Prunell GF, Svendgaard NA, Alkass K, Mathiesen T (2005) Delayed cell death related to acute cerebral blood flow changes following subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rat brain. J Neurosurg 102:1046-1054
45. Rabinstein AA, Weigand S, Atkinson JL, Wijdicks EF (2005) Patterns of cerebral infarction in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 36:992-997
46. Rosenberg GA (1995) Matrix metalloproteinases in brain injury. J Neurotrauma 12:833-842
47. Rosenberg GA, Yang Y (2007) Vasogenic edema due to tight junction disruption by matrix metalloproteinases in cerebral ischemia. Neurosurg Focus 22: E4
48. Satoh M, Date I, Ohmoto T, Perkins E, Parent AD (2005) The expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 after subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 147:187-193
49. Schievink WI (1997) Intracranial aneurysms. N Engl J Med 336:28-40
50. Schmidt JM, Rincon F, Fernandez A, Resor C, Kowalski RG, Claassen J, Connolly ES, Fitzsimmons BF, Mayer SA (2007) Cerebral infarction associated with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 7:10-17
51. Scozzafava J, Brindley PG, Mehta V, Findlay JM (2007) Decompressive bifrontal craniectomy for malignant intracranial pressure following anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture: two case reports. Neurocrit Care 6:49-53
52. Sehba FA, Mostafa G, Knopman J, Friedrich V Jr, Bederson JB (2004) Acute alterations in microvascular basal lamina after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 101:633-640
53. Shigeno T, Fritschka E, Brock M, Schramm J, Shigeno S, Cervos-Navarro J (1982) Cerebral edema following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 13:368-379 (Pubitemid 12107361)
54. Sudlow CL, Warlow CP (1997) Comparable studies of the incidence of stroke and its pathological types: results from an international collaboration. International Stroke Incidence Collaboration. Stroke 28:491-499
55. Trabold B, Rothoerl R, Wittmann S, Woertgen C, Fröhlich D (2005) Cerebrospinal fluid and neutrophil respiratory burst after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neuroimmunomodulation 12:152-156
56. Tseng MY, Czosnyka M, Richards H, Pickard JD, Kirkpatrick PJ (2005) Effects of acute treatment with pravastatin on cerebral vasospasm, autoregulation, and delayed ischemic deficits after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a phase II randomized placebo-controlled trial. Stroke 36:1627-1632
57. Tseng MY, Hutchinson PJ, Czosnyka M, Richards H, Pickard JD, Kirkpatrick PJ (2007) Effects of acute pravastatin treatment on intensity of rescue therapy, length of inpatient stay, and 6-month outcome in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 38:1545-1550
58. Turner CP, Panter SS, Sharp FR (1999) Anti-oxidants prevent focal rat brain injury as assessed by induction of heat shock proteins (HSP70, HO-1/HSP32, HSP47) following subarachnoid injections of lysed blood. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 65:87-102
59. Voldby B, Enevoldsen EM (1982) Intracranial pressure changes following aneurysm rupture. Part 1: Clinical and angiographic correlations. J Neurosurg 56:186-196 (Pubitemid 12093790)
60. Yatsushige H, Ostrowski RP, Tsubokawa T, Colohan A, Zhang JH (2007) Role of c-Jun. N-terminal kinase in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosci Res 85:1436-1448
61. Zhang Z, Chopp M (2002) Vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietins in focal cerebral ischemia. Trends Cardiovasc Med 12:62-66
62. Zhang ZG, Zhang L, Jiang Q, Zhang R, Davies K, Powers C, Bruggen N, Chopp M (2000) VEGF enhances angiogenesis and promotes blood-brain barrier leakage in the ischemic brain. J Clin Invest 106:829-838