Soil carbon dynamics in canadian agroecosystems

Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle

Volumn , Issue , 2018, Pages 57-80

  Janzen, H Henry ^a   Campbell, C A ^a   Gregorich, E G ^a   Ellert, B H ^a  

^a AGRICULTURE AND AGRI FOOD CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON;

AGRICULTURAL LAND; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS; APPALACHIAN; EASTERN CANADA; LAND AREAS; SOIL CARBON DYNAMICS;

AGRICULTURE;

EID: 85052445059     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1201/9780203739273     Document Type: Chapter

References (91)

1. Acton, D.A. 1995. Development and effects of farming in Canada, p. 11-18. In: D.F. Acton and L.J. Gregorich (eds.), The Health of Our Soils. Publication 1906/E, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
2. Anderson, D.W. 1995. Decomposition of organic matter and carbon emissions from soils, p. 165-175 In: R. Lai et al., (eds.), Soils and Global Change. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.
3. Angers, D.A. 1992. Changes in soil aggregation and organic carbon under corn and alfalfa. Soil Sci. Soc.Am.J. 56:1244-1249.
4. Angers, D.A., N. Bissonnette, A. Légère, andN. Samson. 1993b. Microbial and biochemical changes induced by rotation and tillage in a soil under barley production. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:39-50.
5. Angers, D.A., M.A. Bolinder, M.R. Carter, E.G. Gregorich, CF. Drury, B.C. Liang, R.P. Voroney, R.R. Simard, R.G. Donald, R.P. Beyaert, and J. Martel. 1997. Impact of tillage practices on organic carbon and nitrogen storage in cool, humid soils of eastern Canada. Soil Till. Res. (in press).
6. Angers, D.A. and M.R. Carter. 1996. Aggregation and organic matter storage in cool, humid agricultural soils, p. 193-211 In: M.R. Carter and B.A. Stewart (eds.), Structure and Soil Organic Matter Storage in Agricultural Soils. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
7. Angers, D.A. and M. Giroux. 1996. Recently deposited organic matter in soil water-stable aggregates. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 60:1547-1551.
8. Angers, D.A. and G.R. Mehuys. 1989. Effects of cropping on carbohydrate content and water-stable aggregation of a clay soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 69:373-380.
9. Angers, D.A. and G.R. Mehuys. 1990. Barley and alfalfa cropping effects on carbohydrate contents of a clay soil and its size fractions. Soil Biol. Biochem. 22:285-288.
10. Angers, D.A. and A. N’dayegamiye. 1991. Effects of manure application on carbon, nitrogen, and carbohydrate contents of a silt loam and its particle-size fractions. Biol. Fertil. Soil 11:79-82.
11. Angers, D.A., A. N’dayegamiye, and D. Côté. 1993a. Tillage-induced differences in organic matter of particle-size fractions and microbial biomass. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:512-516.
12. Angers, D.A., A. Pesant, and J. Vigneux. 1992. Early cropping-induced changes in soil aggregation, organic matter, and microbial biomass. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 56:115-119.
13. Angers, D.A., N. Samson, and A. Légère. 1993c. Early changes in water-stable aggregation induced by rotation and tillage in a soil under barley production. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:51-59.
14. Angers, D.A., R.P. Voroney, and D. Côté. 1995. Dynamics of soil organic matter and corn residues affected by tillage practices. SoilSci. Soc. Am. J. 59:1311-1315.
15. Arshad M.A., M. Schnitzer, D.A. Angers, and J.A. Ripmeester. 1990. Effects of till vs. no-till on the quality of soil organic matter. Soil Biol. Biochem. 22:595-599.
16. Baldock, J.A., B.D. Kay, and M. Schnitzer. 1987. Influence of cropping treatments on the monosaccharide content of the hydrolysates of a soil and its aggregate fractions. Can. J. Soil Sci. 67:489-499.
17. Biederbeck, V.O., H.H. Janzen, C.A. Campbell, and R.P. Zentner. 1994. Labile soil organic matter as influenced by cropping practices in an arid environment. Soil Biol. Biochem. 26:1647-1656.
18. Bowman, R.A., J.D. Reeder, and R.W. Lober. 1990. Changes in soil properties in a central plains rangeland soil after 3, 20, and 60 years of cultivation. SoilSci. 150:851-857.
19. Bremer, E., B.H. Ellert, and H.H. Janzen. 1995. Total and light-fraction carbon dynamics for four decades after cropping changes. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 59:1398-1403.
20. Bremer, E., H.H. Janzen, and A.M. Johnston. 1994. Sensitivity of total, light fraction and mineralizable organic matter to management practices in a Lethbridge soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 74:131-138.
21. Buyanovsky, G.A., M. Aslam, and G.H. Wagner. 1994. Carbon turnover in soil physical fractions. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 58:1167-1173.
22. Cambardella, CA. and E.T. Elliott. 1992. Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56:777-783.
23. Campbell, CA. 1978. Soil organic carbon, nitrogen and fertility, p. 173-271. In: M. Schnitzer and S.U. Khan (ed.), Soil Organic Matter. Developments in Soil Science 8. Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co., Amsterdam.
24. Campbell, CA., V.O. Biederbeck, R.P Zentner, and G.P. LaFond. 1991b. Effect of crop rotations and cultural practices on soil organic matter, microbial biomass and respiration in a thin Black Chernozem. Can. J. Soil Sci. 71:363-376.
25. Campbell, CA., K.E. Bowren, M. Schnitzer, R.P. Zentner, and L. Townley-Smith. 1991c. Effect of crop rotations and fertilization on soil organic matter and some biochemical properties of a thick Black Chernozem. Can. J. Soil Sci. 71:377-387.
26. Campbell, C.A., S.A. Brandt, V.O. Biederbeck, R.P. Zentner, and M. Schnitzer. 1992a. Effect of crop rotations and rotation phase on characteristics of soil organic matter in a Dark Brown Chernozemic soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 72:403-416.
27. Campbell, CA., D. Curtin, S. Brandt, and R.P. Zentner. 1993a. Soil aggregation as influenced by cultural practices in Saskatchewan: II. Brown and Dark Brown Chernozemic Soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:597-612.
28. Campbell, CA., G.P. Lafond, R.P. Zentner, and V.O. Biederbeck. 1991. Influence of fertiliser and straw baling on soil organic matter in a thin Black Chernozem in western Canada. Soil Biol. Biochem. 23:443-446.
29. Campbell, CA., B.G. McConkey, R.P. Zentner, F.B. Dyck, F. Seiles, and D. Curtin. 1995. Carbon sequestration in a Brown Chernozem as affected by tillage and rotation. Can. J. Soil Sci. 75:449-458.
30. Campbell, C.A., G.P. Lafond, A.P. Moulin, L. Townley-Smith, and R.P. Zentner. 1997. Crop production and soil organic matter in long-term crop rotations in the sub-humid northern Great Plains of Canada, p. 297-315. In: E.A. Paul et al. (eds.), Soil Organic Matter in Temperate Agroecosystems: Long-Term Experiments of North America. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
31. Campbell, C.A., B.G. McConkey, R.P. Zentner, F.B. Dyck, F. Seiles, and D. Curtin. 1996b. Long-term effects of tillage and crop rotations on soil organic C and total N in a clay soil in southwestern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 76:395-401.
32. Campbell, C.A., B.G. McConkey, R.P. Zentner, F. Seiles, and D. Curtin. 1996a. Tillage and crop rotation effects on soil organic C and N in a coarse-textured Typic Haploboroll in southwestern Saskatchewan. Soil Till. Res. 37:3-14.
33. Campbell, CA., A.P. Moulin, K.E. Bowren, H.H. Janzen, L. Townley-Smith, and V.O. Biederbeck. 1992b. Effect of crop rotations on microbial biomass, specific respiratory activity and mineralizable nitrogen in a Black Chernozemic soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 72:417-427.
34. Campbell, CA., A.P. Moulin, D. Curtin, and L. Townley-Smith. 1993b. Soil aggregation as influenced by cultural practices in Saskatchewan: I. Black Chernozemic soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:579-595.
35. Campbell, CA., E.A. Paul, D.A. Rennie, and K.J. McCallum. 1967. Applicability of the carbon-dating method of analysis to soil humus studies. Soil Sci 104:217-224.
36. Campbell, CA. and R.P. Zentner. 1993. Soil organic matter as influenced by crop rotations and fertilization. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 57:1034-1040.
37. Campbell, C.A. and R.P. Zentner. 1996. Response of soil organic matter to crop management Technical Bulletin 1996-4E. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Branch, Swift Current, Saskatchewan.
38. Canada Soil Survey Committee. 1978. The Canadian system of soil classification. Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture. Publication 1646.
39. Carter, M.R. 1986. Microbial biomass as an index for tillage-induced changes in soil biological properties. Soil Till. Res. 7:29-40.
40. Carter, M.R. 1991a. Evaluation of shallow tillage for spring cereals on a fine sandy loam. 2. Soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Soil Till. Res. 21:37-52.
41. Carter, M.R. 1991b. The influence of tillage on the proportion of organic carbon and nitrogen in the microbial biomass of medium-textured soils in a humid climate. Biol. Fértil. Soils 11:135-139.
42. Carter, M.R. 1992. Influence of reduced tillage systems on organic matter, microbial biomass, macro-aggregate distribution and structural stability of the surface soil in a humid climate. Soil Till. Res. 23:361-372.
43. Carter, M.R. 1996. Analysis of soil organic matter storage in agroecosystems. p. 3-11 In: M.R. Carter and B.A. Stewart (eds.), Structure and Soil Organic Matter Storage in Agricultural Soils. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
44. Carter, M.R., D.A. Angers, and H.T. Kunelius. 1994. Soil structural form and stability, and organic matter under cool-season perennial grasses. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 58:1194-1199.
45. Carter, M.R. and E.G. Gregorich. 1996. Methods to characterize and quantify organic matter storage in soil fractions and aggregates, p. 449-466 In: M.R. Carter and B.A. Stewart (eds.), Structure and Soil Organic Matter Storage in Agricultural Soils. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
46. Carter, M.R., H.W. Johnston, and J. Kimpinski. 1988. Direct drilling and soil loosening for spring cereals on a fine sandy loam in Atlantic Canada. Soil Till. Res. 12:365-384.
47. Coxworth, E., M.H. Entz, S. Henry, K.C. Bamford, A. Schoofs, P.D. Ominski, P. Leduc, and G. Burton. 1995. Study of the effects of cropping and tillage systems on the carbon dioxide released by manufactured inputs to western Canadian agriculture: Identification of methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Unpublished report, submitted to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
48. Dormaar, J.F. and S. Smoliak. 1985. Recovery of vegetative cover and soil organic matter during revegetation of abandoned farmland in a semiarid climate. J. Range Management 38:487-491.
49. Dumanski, J., R.L. Desjardins, C. Tarnocai, C. Monreal, E.G. Gregorich, C.A. Campbell, and V. Kirkwood. 1997. Possibilities for future carbon sequestration in Canadian agriculture in relation to land use changes. Climate Change (in press).
50. Ellert, B.H. and J.R. Bettany. 1995. Calculation of organic matter and nutrients stored in soils under contrasting management regimes. Can. J. Soil Sci. 75:529-538.
51. Ellert, B.H. and E.G. Gregorich. 1996. Storage of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in cultivated and adjacent forested soils of Ontario. Soil Sci. 161:587-603.
52. Franzluebbers, A.J. and M.A. Arshad. 1996a. Water-stable aggregation and organic matter in four soils under conventional and zero tillage. Can. J. Soil Sci. 76:387-393.
53. Franzluebbers, A.J. and M.A. Arshad. 1996b. Soil organic matter pools during early adoption of conservation tillage in northwestern Canada. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 60:1422-1427.
54. Franzluebbers, A.J. and M.A. Arshad. 1996c. Soil organic matter pools with conventional and zero tillage in a cold, semiarid climate. Soil Till. Res. 39:1-11.
55. Grant, C.A. and G.P. Lafond. 1994. The effects of tillage systems and crop rotations on soil chemical properties of a Black Chernozemic soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 74:301-306.
56. Gregorich, E.G., M.R. Carter, D.A. Angers, CM. Monreal, and B.H. Ellert. 1994. Towards a minimum data set to assess soil organic matter quality in agricultural soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 74:367-385.
57. Gregorich, E.G., CF. Drury, B.H. Ellert, and B.C. Liang. 1997. Fertilization effects on physically protected light fraction organic matter. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 61: (in press).
58. Gregorich, E.G. and B.H. Ellert. 1993. Light fraction and macroorganic matter in mineral soils, p. 397-407 In: MR. Carter (ed.), Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. CRC Press, Bocan Raton, FL.
59. Gregorich, E.G., B.H. Ellert, D.A. Angers, and M.R. Carter. 1995a. Management-induced changes in the quantity and composition of organic matter in soils of eastern Canada. 1996. p. 273-283 In: M.A. Beran (ed.), Carbon Sequestration in the Biosphere, NATO ASI Series I, Vol. 33. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
60. Gregorich, E.G., B.H. Ellert, C.F. Drury, and B.C. Liang. 1996a. Fertilization effects on soil organic matter turnover and corn residue C storage. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 60:472-476.
61. 13 C abundance. Can. J. Soil Sci. 75:161-167.
62. Gregorich, E.G. and H.H. Janzen. 1996. Storage of soil carbon in the light fraction and macroorganic matter, p. 167-190 In: M.R. Carter and B.A. Stewart (eds.), Structure and Soil Organic Matter Storage in Agricultural Soils. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
63. Gregorich, E.G., R.G. Kachanoski, and R.P. Voroney. 1989. Carbon mineralization in soil size fractions after various amounts of aggregate disruption. J. Soil Sci. 40:649-659.
64. Gregorich, E.G., CM. Monreal, M. Schnitzer, and H.-R. Schulten. 1996b. Transformations of plant residues into soil organic matter: Chemical characterization of plant tissue, isolated soil fractions, and whole soils. Soil Sci. 161:680-693.
65. Harrison, K.G., Broecker, W.S., and Bonani, G. 1993. The effect of changing land use on soil radiocarbon. Science 262:725-726.
66. Hsieh, Y.-P. 1992. Pool size and mean age of stable soil organic carbon in cropland. Soil Sci Soc. Am. J. 56:460-464.
67. Hsieh, Y.-P. 1993. Radiocarbon signatures of turnover rates in active soil organic carbon pools. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:1020-1022.
68. Janzen, H.H. 1995. The role of long-term sites in agroecological research: A case study. Can. J. Soil Sci. 75:123-133.
69. Janzen, H.H., CA. Campbell, S.A. Brandt, G.P. Lafond, and L. Townley-Smith. 1992. Light fraction organic matter in soils from long-term crop rotations. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 56:1799-1806.
70. Janzen, H.H., CA. Campbell, B.H. Ellert, and E. Bremer. 1997a. Soil organic matter dynamics and their relationship to soil quality. In: E.G. Gregorich and M.R. Carter (eds.), Soil Quality for Crop Production and Ecosystem Health. Elsevier Science Publ. Amsterdam, The Netherland. (submitted).
71. Janzen, H.H., CA. Campbell, R.C. Izaurralde, B.H. Ellert, N. Juma, W.B. McGill, and R.P. Zentner. 1996b. North American Agricultural Soil Organic Matter Site Network: The Canadian Prairie. Soil Till. Res. (submitted).
72. Johnson, M.G. 1995. The role of soil management in sequestering soil carbon, p. 351-363. In: R. Lai et al. (eds.), Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.
73. Lafond, G.P., H. Loeppky, and D.A. Derksen. 1992. Effect of tillage system and crop rotations on soil water conservation, seedling establishment and crop yield. Can. J. Plant Sci. 72:103-115.
74. Larney, F.J., E. Bremer, H.H. Janzen, A.M. Johnston, and C.W. Lindwall. 1997. Changes in total, mineralizable and light fraction organic matter with cropping and tillage intensities in a semi-arid region. Soil Till. Res. (submitted).
75. Liang, B.C., E.G. Gregorich, M. Schnitzer, and R.P. Voroney. 1996. Carbon mineralization in soils of different textures as affected by water-soluble organic carbon extracted from composted dairy manure. Biol. Fertil. Soils 21:10-16.
76. Liang, B.C. and A.F. MacKenzie. 1992. Changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen after six years of corn production. Soil Sci. 153:307-313.
77. McGill, W.B., J.F. Dormaar, and E. Reinl-Dwyer. 1988. New perspectives on soil organic matter quality, quantity, and dynamics on the Canadian Prairies. In: Land Degradation and Conservation Tillage, pp. 30-48, Proc. Annual Can. Soc. Soil Sci. Meeting, Calgary, Alberta.
78. Monreal, C. and H.H. Janzen. 1993. Soil organic carbon dynamics after eighty years of cropping a Dark Brown Chernozem. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:133-136.
79. N’dayegamiye, A. 1990. Effets à long terme d’apports de fumier solide de bovins sur l’évolution des caractéristiques chimiques du sol et de la production de mais-ensilage. Can. J. Plant Sci. 70:767-775.
80. N’dayegamiye, A. and D.A. Angers. 1993. Organic matter characteristics and water-stable aggregation of a sandy loam soil after 9 years of wood-residue applications. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:115-122.
81. Nyborg, M., E.D. Solberg, S.S. Malhi, and R.C. Izaurralde. 1995. Fertilizer N, crop residue, and tillage alter soil C and N content in a decade, p. 93-99 In: R. Lai et al. (eds.), Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.
82. O’Halloran, LP. 1993. Effect of tillage and fertilization on inorganic and organic soil phosphorus. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:359-369.
83. Paustian, K., W.J. Parton, and J. Persson. 1992. Modeling soil organic matter in organic-amended and nitrogen-fertilized long-term plots. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56:476-488.
84. Scharpenseel, H.W. and P. Becker-Heidmann. 1994. Sustainable land use in the light of resiliency/elasticity to soil organic matter fluctuations, p. 249-264 In: D.J. Greenland and I. Szabolcs (eds.), Soil Resilience and Sustainable Land Use. CAB International.
85. Smith, W.N., P. Rochette, C. Monreal, R.L. Desjardins, E. Pattey, and A. Jaques. 1997. Estimated net carbon dioxide balance from Canadian agroecosystems-1990. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: (in press).
86. Sommerfeldt, T.G., C. Chang, and T. Entz, 1988. Long-term annual manure applications increase soil organic matter and nitrogen, and decrease carbon to nitrogen ratio. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 52:1668-1672.
87. Tiessen, H., E. Cuevas, and P. Chacon. 1994. The role of soil organic matter in sustaining soil fertility. Nature 371:783-785.
88. Tiessen, H. and J.W.B. Stewart. 1983. Particle-size fractions and their use in studies of soil organic matter: II. Cultivation effects on organic matter composition in size fractions. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 47:509-514.
89. Tiessen, H., J.W.B. Stewart, and J.R. Bettany. 1982. Cultivation effects on the amounts and concentration of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in grassland soils. Agron. J. 74:831-835.
90. Tollenaar, M., S.P. Nissanka, A. Aguilera, and L. Dwyer. 1995. Improving stress tolerance: the key to increased corn yields. Agricultural Research in Ontario (September 1995): 2-7.
91. Voroney, R.P., J.A. Van Veen, and E.A. Paul. 1981. Organic C dynamics in grassland soils. 2. Model validation and simulation of the long-term effects of cultivation and rainfall erosion. Can. J. Soil Sci. 61:211-224.