메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2017, Pages 103-132

Filtration and denuder sampling techniques

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS;

EID: 85052184315     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1201/9781315137445     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (12)

References (163)
  • 2
    • 84948513503 scopus 로고
    • Field intercomparison exercise on nitric acid and nitrate measurement: Method and data
    • Commission of the European Communities, Rome, 18-24 September 1988
    • Allegrini I., Febo A., and Perrino C, 1988, Field intercomparison exercise on nitric acid and nitrate measurement: Method and data. Air Pollution Research Report No. 22, Commission of the European Communities, Rome, 18-24 September 1988.
    • (1988) Air Pollution Research Report No. 22
    • Allegrini, I.1    Febo, A.2    Perrino, C.3
  • 4
    • 85052180206 scopus 로고
    • Angeletti G. and Restelli G. (Eds.), Report EUR 15609/2 EN, European Commission
    • Allegrini I., Febo A., and Perrino C, 1994, Role of nitrous acid in the oxidation processes in the Mediterranean area, in Physico-chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants, Angeletti G. and Restelli G. (Eds.), Report EUR 15609/2 EN, European Commission.
    • (1994) Physico-chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants
    • Allegrini, I.1    Febo, A.2    Perrino, C.3
  • 5
    • 0024855412 scopus 로고
    • Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride aerosols
    • Allen A.G., Harrison R. M., and Erisman J.W., 1989, Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride aerosols. Atmos. Environ., 23, 1591-1599.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 1591-1599
    • Allen, A.G.1    Harrison, R.M.2    Erisman, J.W.3
  • 6
    • 0028669067 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of ammonia and ammonium by denuder and filter pack
    • Andersen H.V. and Hovmand M.F., 1994, Measurements of ammonia and ammonium by denuder and filter pack. Atmos. Environ., 28, 3495-3512.
    • (1994) Atmos. Environ. , vol.28 , pp. 3495-3512
    • Andersen, H.V.1    Hovmand, M.F.2
  • 8
    • 0021890017 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of three methods for measurements of atmospheric nitric acid and aerosol nitrate and ammonium
    • Anlauf K.G., Fellin P., Wiebe H.A., Schiff H.I., MacKay G.I., Braman R.S., and Gilbert R, 1985, A comparison of three methods for measurements of atmospheric nitric acid and aerosol nitrate and ammonium. Atmos. Environ., 19, 325-333.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 325-333
    • Anlauf, K.G.1    Fellin, P.2    Wiebe, H.A.3    Schiff, H.I.4    MacKay, G.I.5    Braman, R.S.6    Gilbert, R.7
  • 9
    • 0023822603 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of atmospheric nitric by filter method and comparisons with tunable diode laser and other methods
    • Anlauf K.G., MacTavish D.C, Wiebe H.A., Schiff H.J., and MacKay G.I., 1988, Measurements of atmospheric nitric by filter method and comparisons with tunable diode laser and other methods. Atmos. Environ., 22, 1579-1586.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 1579-1586
    • Anlauf, K.G.1    MacTavish, D.C.2    Wiebe, H.A.3    Schiff, H.J.4    MacKay, G.I.5
  • 10
    • 0018907631 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous nitric acid, particulate nitrate and acidity measurements in ambient air
    • Appel B.R., Wall S.M., Tokiwa Y., and Haik H., 1980, Simultaneous nitric acid, particulate nitrate and acidity measurements in ambient air. Atmos. Environ., 14, 549-554.
    • (1980) Atmos. Environ. , vol.14 , pp. 549-554
    • Appel, B.R.1    Wall, S.M.2    Tokiwa, Y.3    Haik, H.4
  • 11
    • 0019715862 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric particulate nitrate sampling errors due to reaction with particulate and gaseous strong acids
    • Appel B.R. and Haik H., 1981, Atmospheric particulate nitrate sampling errors due to reaction with particulate and gaseous strong acids. Atmos. Environ., 15, 1087-1088.
    • (1981) Atmos. Environ. , vol.15 , pp. 1087-1088
    • Appel, B.R.1    Haik, H.2
  • 12
    • 0019367247 scopus 로고
    • Sampling of nitrate in ambient air
    • Appel B.R., Tokiwa Y., and HaiK H., 1981, Sampling of nitrate in ambient air. Atmos. Environ., 15, 283-289.
    • (1981) Atmos. Environ. , vol.15 , pp. 283-289
    • Appel, B.R.1    Tokiwa, Y.2    Hai, K.H.3
  • 13
    • 0020969444 scopus 로고
    • Appel B.R., Tokiwa Y, and Kothny E.L., 1983, Sampling of carbonaceous particles in the atmosphere. Araos. Environ., 17, 1787-1796.
    • (1983) Environ. , vol.17 , pp. 1787-1796
    • Appel, B.R.1    Tokiwa, Y.2    Kothny, E.L.3
  • 14
    • 0024211535 scopus 로고
    • Appel B.R., Povard V., and Kothny E.L., 1988a, Loss of nitric acid within devices intended to exclude coarse particles during atmospheric sampling. Atmos. Environ., 22, 2535-2540.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 2535-2540
    • Appel, B.R.1    Povard, V.2    Kothny, E.L.3
  • 16
    • 0021283962 scopus 로고
    • Artifacts particulate sulfate and nitrate formation on filter media
    • Appel B.R., Tokiwa Y, Haik H., and Kothny E.L., 1984, Artifacts particulate sulfate and nitrate formation on filter media. Atmos. Environ., 18, 409-416.
    • (1984) Atmos. Environ. , vol.18 , pp. 409-416
    • Appel, B.R.1    Tokiwa, Y.2    Haik, H.3    Kothny, E.L.4
  • 17
    • 85052176244 scopus 로고
    • Discussion on the fate of nitrous acid on selected collection surfaces
    • Appel B.R., 1990, Discussion on the fate of nitrous acid on selected collection surfaces. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 111-IIS.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ., 24A, 111-IIS.
    • Appel, B.R.1
  • 18
    • 0025205840 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of atmospheric nitrous acid measurements by annular denuder and differential optical absorption systems
    • Appel B.R., Winer A.M., Tokiwa Y, and Biermann H.W, 1990, Comparison of atmospheric nitrous acid measurements by annular denuder and differential optical absorption systems. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 611-616.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 611-616
    • Appel, B.R.1    Winer, A.M.2    Tokiwa, Y.3    Biermann, H.W.4
  • 19
    • 0023524899 scopus 로고
    • A long-range transport model for ammonia and ammonium ion for Europe
    • Asman W.A.H. and Janssen A.J., 1987, A long-range transport model for ammonia and ammonium ion for Europe. Atmos. Environ., 21, 2099-2119.
    • (1987) Atmos. Environ. , vol.21 , pp. 2099-2119
    • Asman, W.A.H.1    Janssen, A.J.2
  • 21
  • 22
    • 0000938246 scopus 로고
    • Fine particle deposition in laminar flow through parallel plate and cylindrical channels
    • Bowen B.D., Levine S., and Epstein N., 1976, Fine particle deposition in laminar flow through parallel plate and cylindrical channels. J. Colloid Interface Set, 54, 375-390.
    • (1976) J. Colloid Interface Set , vol.54 , pp. 375-390
    • Bowen, B.D.1    Levine, S.2    Epstein, N.3
  • 23
    • 0020111937 scopus 로고
    • Braman R.S., Shelley T.J., and McClenny W.A., 1982, Tungstic acid for preconcentration and determination of gaseous and particulate ammonia and nitric acid in ambient ah.Annal Chem., 54, 358-364.
    • (1982) Ah. Annal Chem. , vol.54 , pp. 358-364
    • Braman, R.S.1    Shelley, T.J.2    McClenny, W.A.3
  • 24
    • 0024472515 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the gas collection of an annular denuder system under simulated atmospheric conditions
    • Brauer M., Koutrakis P., Wolfson J.M., and Spengler J.D., 1989, Evaluation of the gas collection of an annular denuder system under simulated atmospheric conditions. Atmos. Environ., 23, 1981-1989.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 1981-1989
    • Brauer, M.1    Koutrakis, P.2    Wolfson, J.M.3    Spengler, J.D.4
  • 28
    • 0021962396 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in nitric acid, nitrate, strong aerosol acidity and ammonia in an urban area
    • Cadle S.H., 1985, Seasonal variation in nitric acid, nitrate, strong aerosol acidity and ammonia in an urban area. Atmos. Environ., 19, 181-188.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 181-188
    • Cadle, S.H.1
  • 30
    • 0019226165 scopus 로고
    • Monitoring of sulphuric acid episodes in St. Louis, Missouri
    • Coboum W.G., Hjukic-Husar J., and Husar R.B., 1980, Monitoring of sulphuric acid episodes in St. Louis, Missouri. J. Geophys. Res., 85, 4487-4494.
    • (1980) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.85 , pp. 4487-4494
    • Coboum, W.G.1    Hjukic-Husar, J.2    Husar, R.B.3
  • 31
    • 0024833887 scopus 로고
    • Design and performance of a high-volume compound annular denuder
    • Coutant R.W., Callahan P.J., Kuhlman M.R., and Lewis R.G., 1989, Design and performance of a high-volume compound annular denuder. Atmos. Environ. 23, 2205-2211.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 2205-2211
    • Coutant, R.W.1    Callahan, P.J.2    Kuhlman, M.R.3    Lewis, R.G.4
  • 32
    • 0024856022 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of annular denuders and filter packs for atmospheric sampling
    • Dasch J.M., Cadle S.E., Kennedy K.G., and Mulawa P.A., 1989, Comparison of annular denuders and filter packs for atmospheric sampling. Atmos. Environ., 23, 2775-2782.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 2775-2782
    • Dasch, J.M.1    Cadle, S.E.2    Kennedy, K.G.3    Mulawa, P.A.4
  • 33
    • 0010697720 scopus 로고
    • Porous membrane-based diffusion scmbber for sampling of atmospheric gases
    • Dasgupta P.K., McDowell W.L., and Rhee J.-S, 1986, Porous membrane-based diffusion scmbber for sampling of atmospheric gases. Analyst, 111, 87-90.
    • (1986) Analyst , vol.111 , pp. 87-90
    • Dasgupta, P.K.1    McDowell, W.L.2    Rhee, J.-S.3
  • 34
    • 0023824097 scopus 로고
    • Continuous liquid-phase fluorometry coupled to a diffusion scmbber for the real-time determination of atmospheric formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and sulfur dioxide
    • Dasgupta P.K., Dong S., Hwang H., Yang H.C, and Genfa Z., 1988, Continuous liquid-phase fluorometry coupled to a diffusion scmbber for the real-time determination of atmospheric formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and sulfur dioxide. Atmos. Environ., 22, 949-964.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 949-964
    • Dasgupta, P.K.1    Dong, S.2    Hwang, H.3    Yang, H.C.4    Genfa, Z.5
  • 36
    • 85052180126 scopus 로고
    • Edited by Newman L., ACS publication, Advances in Chemistry Series 232, Washington, D.C
    • Dasgupta P.K., 1993, Automated measurement of atmospheric trace gases, in Measurement Challenges in Atmospheric Chemistry. Edited by Newman L., ACS publication, Advances in Chemistry Series 232, Washington, D.C.
    • (1993) Measurement Challenges in Atmospheric Chemistry.
    • Dasgupta, P.K.1
  • 38
    • 85043391777 scopus 로고
    • A triple-path denuder instmment for ambient particulate sampling and analysis
    • Davis B.L., Johnson L.R., Johnson B.J., and Hammer R.J., 1988, A triple-path denuder instmment for ambient particulate sampling and analysis. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 5, 5-15.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. , vol.5 , pp. 5-15
    • Davis, B.L.1    Johnson, L.R.2    Johnson, B.J.3    Hammer, R.J.4
  • 40
    • 51249190952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (1970) Mass transfer from small capillaries with wall resistance in the laminar flow regime
    • Davis H.R. and Parkins G.V. (1970) Mass transfer from small capillaries with wall resistance in the laminar flow regime. Appl. Sci. Res., 22, 20-30.
    • Appl. Sci. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 20-30
    • Davis, H.R.1    Parkins, G.V.2
  • 42
    • 0023823726 scopus 로고
    • Negative interference of teflon sampling devices in the determination of nitric acid and particulate nitrate
    • De Santis R, Febo A., and Perrino C, 1988, Negative interference of teflon sampling devices in the determination of nitric acid and particulate nitrate. Sci. Tot. Environ., 76, 93-99.
    • (1988) Sci. Tot. Environ. , vol.76 , pp. 93-99
    • De Santis, R.1    Febo, A.2    Perrino, C.3
  • 43
    • 0018149569 scopus 로고
    • Application of an SQ denuder for continuous measurements of sulfur in submicrometric aerosols
    • Durham J.L., Wilson W.E., and Bailey E.B., 1978, Application of an SQ denuder for continuous measurements of sulfur in submicrometric aerosols. Atmos. Environ., 12, 883-886.
    • (1978) Atmos. Environ. , vol.12 , pp. 883-886
    • Durham, J.L.1    Wilson, W.E.2    Bailey, E.B.3
  • 44
    • 0023104759 scopus 로고
    • Nitric acid-nitrate aerosol measurements by a diffusion denuder: A performance evaluation
    • Durham J.L., Spiller L.L., and Ellestad T.G., 1987, Nitric acid-nitrate aerosol measurements by a diffusion denuder: A performance evaluation. Atmos. Environ., 21, 589.
    • (1987) Atmos. Environ. , vol.21 , pp. 589
    • Durham, J.L.1    Spiller, L.L.2    Ellestad, T.G.3
  • 45
    • 0022034196 scopus 로고
    • Hydration of nitric acid and its collection in the atmosphere by diffusion denuders
    • Eatough D.J., White V.F., Hansen L.D., Eatough N.L., and Ellis E.C, 1985, Hydration of nitric acid and its collection in the atmosphere by diffusion denuders. Anal. Chem., 57, 743-748.
    • (1985) Anal. Chem. , vol.57 , pp. 743-748
    • Eatough, D.J.1    White, V.F.2    Hansen, L.D.3    Eatough, N.L.4    Ellis, E.C.5
  • 55
    • 0001008605 scopus 로고
    • Continuous automated determination of atmospheric formaldehyde at the parts per trillion level
    • Fan Q. and Dasgupta P.K., 1994, Continuous automated determination of atmospheric formaldehyde at the parts per trillion level. Anal. Chem., 66, 551-556.
    • (1994) Anal. Chem. , vol.66 , pp. 551-556
    • Fan, Q.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2
  • 56
    • 85052164057 scopus 로고
    • Angeletti G. and Restelli G. (Eds.). D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland
    • Febo A., De Santis R, and Perrino C, 1986, Measurements of atmospheric nitrous acid and nitric acid by means of annular denuder, in Physico-chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants, Angeletti G. and Restelli G. (Eds.). D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland.
    • (1986) Physico-chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants
    • Febo, A.1    De Santis, R.2    Perrino, C.3
  • 57
    • 0027642612 scopus 로고
    • A denuder technique for the measurement of nitrous acid in urban atmospheres
    • Febo A., Perrino C, and Cortilello M., 1993, A denuder technique for the measurement of nitrous acid in urban atmospheres. Atmos. Environ., 21 A,1721-1728.
    • (1993) Atmos. Environ. , vol.21A , pp. 1721-1728
    • Febo, A.1    Perrino, C.2    Cortilello, M.3
  • 58
    • 0018528946 scopus 로고
    • Method for determination of atmospheric ammonia
    • Ferm M., 1979, Method for determination of atmospheric ammonia. Atmos. Environ., 13, 1385-1393.
    • (1979) Atmos. Environ. , vol.13 , pp. 1385-1393
    • Ferm, M.1
  • 59
    • 0021890133 scopus 로고
    • A sodium carbonate coated denuder for determination of nitrous acid in the atmosphere
    • Ferm M and Sjodin A., 1985, A sodium carbonate coated denuder for determination of nitrous acid in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 19, 979-983.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 979-983
    • Ferm, M.1    Sjodin, A.2
  • 60
    • 0022554427 scopus 로고
    • 3 and particulate nitrate in the atmosphere
    • 3 and particulate nitrate in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 20, 1193-1201.
    • (1986) Atmos. Environ. , vol.20 , pp. 1193-1201
    • Ferm, M.1
  • 62
    • 0018892163 scopus 로고
    • Determination of total inorganic nitrate utilizing collection of nitric acid on NaCl-impregnated filters
    • Forrest J., Tanner R.L., Spandau D.J., D’Ottavio T, and Newman L., 1980, Determination of total inorganic nitrate utilizing collection of nitric acid on NaCl-impregnated filters. Atmos. Environ., 14, 137-144.
    • (1980) Atmos. Environ. , vol.14 , pp. 137-144
    • Forrest, J.1    Tanner, R.L.2    Spandau, D.J.3    D’Ottavio, T.4    Newman, L.5
  • 63
    • 0020002394 scopus 로고
    • Determination of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid employing a diffusion denuder with a filter pack
    • Forrest J., Spandau D.J., Tanner R.L., and Newman L., 1982, Determination of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid employing a diffusion denuder with a filter pack. Atmos. Environ., 16, 1473-1485.
    • (1982) Atmos. Environ. , vol.16 , pp. 1473-1485
    • Forrest, J.1    Spandau, D.J.2    Tanner, R.L.3    Newman, L.4
  • 66
    • 0026053154 scopus 로고
    • Design of a straight inlet diffusion scmbber. Comparison of particle transmission with other collection devices and characterization for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde
    • Genfa Z., Dasgupta P.K., and Cheng Y.S., 1991, Design of a straight inlet diffusion scmbber. Comparison of particle transmission with other collection devices and characterization for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde. Atmos. Environ., 25A, 2717-2729.
    • (1991) Atmos. Environ. , vol.25A , pp. 2717-2729
    • Genfa, Z.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2    Cheng, Y.S.3
  • 68
    • 0000817431 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion from a stream flowing through a cylindrical tube
    • Gormley P.G. and Kennedy M., 1948, Diffusion from a stream flowing through a cylindrical tube. Proc. R. Irish Ac, 52, 163-169.
    • (1948) Proc. R. Irish Ac , vol.52 , pp. 163-169
    • Gormley, P.G.1    Kennedy, M.2
  • 69
    • 0020357070 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative collection of total inorganic atmospheric nitrate on nylon filters
    • Grosjean D., 1982, Quantitative collection of total inorganic atmospheric nitrate on nylon filters. Anal. Lett., 15, 785-796.
    • (1982) Anal. Lett. , vol.15 , pp. 785-796
    • Grosjean, D.1
  • 70
    • 0022153001 scopus 로고
    • Wall loss of gaseous pollutants in outdoor teflon chambers
    • Grosjean D., 1985, Wall loss of gaseous pollutants in outdoor teflon chambers. Environ. Sci. Technol, 19, 1059-1065.
    • (1985) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.19 , pp. 1059-1065
    • Grosjean, D.1
  • 71
    • 0022777655 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the gas phase dimethyl sulfate and monomethyl sulfuric acid
    • Hansen, L.D., White V.F., and Eatough D.J., 1986, Determination of the gas phase dimethyl sulfate and monomethyl sulfuric acid. Environ. Sci. Technol, 20, 872-878.
    • (1986) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.20 , pp. 872-878
    • Hansen, L.D.1    White, V.F.2    Eatough, D.J.3
  • 74
    • 0025004611 scopus 로고
    • Field inter-comparison of filter pack and denuder sampling methods for reactive gaseous and particulate pollutants
    • Harrison R.M. and Kitto A.-M.N, 1990, Field inter-comparison of filter pack and denuder sampling methods for reactive gaseous and particulate pollutants. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 2633-2640.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 2633-2640
    • Harrison, R.M.1    Kitto, A.-M.N.2
  • 75
    • 0025096543 scopus 로고
    • 3, HC1, and associated species on a small network in Eastern England
    • 3, HC1, and associated species on a small network in Eastern England. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 369-376.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 369-376
    • Harrison, R.M.1    Allen, A.G.2
  • 76
    • 0025127346 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of evaporation of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate aerosol
    • Harrison R.M., Sturges W.T., Kitto A.-M.N., and Li Y, 1990, Kinetics of evaporation of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate aerosol. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 1883-1888.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 1883-1888
    • Harrison, R.M.1    Sturges, W.T.2    Kitto, A.-M.N.3    Li, Y.4
  • 78
    • 0021537151 scopus 로고
    • Ammonia and nitric acid concentrations in equilibrium with atmospheric aerosols: Experimental vs. theory
    • Hildemann L.M., Russell A.G., and Cass G., 1984, Ammonia and nitric acid concentrations in equilibrium with atmospheric aerosols: Experimental vs. theory. Atmos. Environ., 18, 1737-1750.
    • (1984) Atmos. Environ. , vol.18 , pp. 1737-1750
    • Hildemann, L.M.1    Russell, A.G.2    Cass, G.3
  • 79
    • 0018907606 scopus 로고
    • Sulphuric acid aerosols and HC1 release in coastal atmospheres: Evidence of rapid formation of sulphuric acid particles
    • Hitchcock D.R., Spiller L.L., and Wilson W.E., 1980, Sulphuric acid aerosols and HC1 release in coastal atmospheres: Evidence of rapid formation of sulphuric acid particles. Atmos. Environ., 14, 165-182.
    • (1980) Atmos. Environ. , vol.14 , pp. 165-182
    • Hitchcock, D.R.1    Spiller, L.L.2    Wilson, W.E.3
  • 80
    • 0000935699 scopus 로고
    • Huebert B.J. and Lazms A.L., 1980, Tropospheric gas-phase and particulate nitrate measurements.J. Geophys. Res., 85, 7322-7328.
    • (1980) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.85 , pp. 7322-7328
    • Huebert, B.J.1    Lazms, A.L.2
  • 85
    • 0024856014 scopus 로고
    • The determination of ammonia in ambient air by an automated thermodenuder system
    • Keuken M.P., Wayers-Ijpelaan A., Mols J.J., Otjes R.P., and Slanina J., 1989, The determination of ammonia in ambient air by an automated thermodenuder system. Atmos. Environ., 23, 2177-2185.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 2177-2185
    • Keuken, M.P.1    Wayers-Ijpelaan, A.2    Mols, J.J.3    Otjes, R.P.4    Slanina, J.5
  • 86
    • 85052162740 scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. Thesis, Essex University, U.K
    • Kitto, A.M., 1991, Ph.D. Thesis, Essex University, U.K.
    • (1991)
    • Kitto, A.M.1
  • 87
    • 0026463791 scopus 로고
    • Kitto A.M. and Harrison R.M., 1992a, Nitrous and nitric acid measurements at sites in south-east England. Atmos. Environ., 26A, 235-241.
    • (1992) Atmos. Environ. , vol.26A , pp. 235-241
    • Kitto, A.M.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 88
    • 0027061838 scopus 로고
    • Kitto A.M. and Harrison R.M., 1992b, Processes affecting concentrations of aerosol strong acidity at sites in eastern England. Atmos. Environ., 26A, 2389-2399.
    • (1992) Atmos. Environ. , vol.26A , pp. 2389-2399
    • Kitto, A.M.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 89
    • 0026962934 scopus 로고
    • Intercomparison of annular denuder and filter pack sampling methods for collection of acidifying species in south east England
    • Kitto A.M., 1992, Intercomparison of annular denuder and filter pack sampling methods for collection of acidifying species in south east England. J. Aerosol Sci., 23, S699-S702.
    • (1992) J. Aerosol Sci. , vol.23 , pp. S699-S702
    • Kitto, A.M.1
  • 90
    • 0018598583 scopus 로고
    • Possible artifacts in filter sampling of atmospheric sulphuric acid and acidic sulfates
    • Klockow D., Jablonski B., NieBner R., 1979, Possible artifacts in filter sampling of atmospheric sulphuric acid and acidic sulfates. Atmos. Environ., 13, 1665-1676.
    • (1979) Atmos. Environ. , vol.13 , pp. 1665-1676
    • Klockow, D.1    Jablonski, B.2    NieBner, R.3
  • 93
    • 0023698584 scopus 로고
    • Koutrakis P., Wolfson J.M., and Spengler J.D., 1988, An improved method for measuring aerosol strong acidity: Results from nine-month study in St. Louis, Missouri and Kingston, Tennessee.Atmos. Environ., 22, 157-162.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 157-162
    • Koutrakis, P.1    Wolfson, J.M.2    Spengler, J.D.3
  • 94
    • 0024856020 scopus 로고
    • Design of personal annular denuder sampler to measure atmospheric aerosols and gases
    • Koutrakis P., Fasano A.M., Slater J.L., Spengler J.D., McCarly, and Leader B.R, 1989, Design of personal annular denuder sampler to measure atmospheric aerosols and gases. Atmos. Environ., 23, 2767-2773.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 2767-2773
    • Koutrakis, P.1    Fasano, A.M.2    Slater, J.L.3    Spengler, J.D.4    McCarly, L.B.R.5
  • 96
    • 85052170252 scopus 로고
    • Development and evaluation of a novel gas and particle sampler for semivolatile chlorinated organic compounds in ambient air
    • Lane D.A., Johnson N.D., Barton S.C, Thomas G.H.S., and Shroeder W.H., 1988, Development and evaluation of a novel gas and particle sampler for semivolatile chlorinated organic compounds in ambient air. Environ. Sci. Technol, 23, 2767-2773.
    • (1988) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.23 , pp. 2767-2773
    • Lane, D.A.1    Johnson, N.D.2    Barton, S.C.3    Thomas, G.H.S.4    Shroeder, W.H.5
  • 97
    • 0020969733 scopus 로고
    • On the evaporation of ammonium nitrate aerosol
    • Larson TV. and Tayler G.S., 1983, On the evaporation of ammonium nitrate aerosol. Atmos. Environ., 17, 2489-2495.
    • (1983) Atmos. Environ. , vol.17 , pp. 2489-2495
    • Larson, T.V.1    Tayler, G.S.2
  • 98
    • 0028159543 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of atmospheric formic and acetic acids: Methods evaluation and results from field studies
    • Lawrence J.E. and Koutrakis P., 1994, Measurements of atmospheric formic and acetic acids: methods evaluation and results from field studies. Environ. Sci. Technol, 28, 957-964.
    • (1994) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.28 , pp. 957-964
    • Lawrence, J.E.1    Koutrakis, P.2
  • 99
    • 0021258905 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion denuder assembly for collection and determination gases in air
    • Lewin E.F. and Hansen K.A., 1984, Diffusion denuder assembly for collection and determination gases in air. Anal Chem., 56, 842-847.
    • (1984) Anal Chem. , vol.56 , pp. 842-847
    • Lewin, E.F.1    Hansen, K.A.2
  • 100
    • 0022554558 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric gas and particle measurement at a mral northeastern U.S. site
    • Lewin E.E., De Pena R.G., and Shimshock J.P., 1986, Atmospheric gas and particle measurement at a mral northeastern U.S. site. Atmos. Environ., 20, 59-70.
    • (1986) Atmos. Environ. , vol.20 , pp. 59-70
    • Lewin, E.E.1    De Pena, R.G.2    Shimshock, J.P.3
  • 101
    • 0000630040 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion denuder method for sampling vapor-phase nicotine in mainstream tobacco smoke
    • Lewis D.A., Colbeck I. and Mariner D.C, 1994, Diffusion denuder method for sampling vapor-phase nicotine in mainstream tobacco smoke. Anal Chem., 66, 3525-3527.
    • (1994) Anal Chem. , vol.66 , pp. 3525-3527
    • Lewis, D.A.1    Colbeck, I.2    Mariner, D.C.3
  • 102
    • 0025341542 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of indoor and outdoor concentrations of acid gases, ammonia and their associated salts
    • Li Y. and Harrison R.M., 1990, Comparison of indoor and outdoor concentrations of acid gases, ammonia and their associated salts. Environ. Technol, 11, 315-320.
    • (1990) Environ. Technol , vol.11 , pp. 315-320
    • Li, Y.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 103
    • 0024509243 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of atmospheric sulfur dioxide by diffusion scmbber coupled ion chromatography
    • Lindgren P.F. and Dasgupta P.K., 1989, Measurement of atmospheric sulfur dioxide by diffusion scmbber coupled ion chromatography. Anal Chem., 61, 19-24.
    • (1989) Anal Chem. , vol.61 , pp. 19-24
    • Lindgren, P.F.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2
  • 104
    • 0021968150 scopus 로고
    • Determination of nitric acid in ambient air by gas chromatography/photoionization detector after collection in a denuder
    • Lindqvist E, 1985, Determination of nitric acid in ambient air by gas chromatography/photoionization detector after collection in a denuder. J. Air Poll Control Assoc., 35, 19-23.
    • (1985) J. Air Poll Control Assoc. , vol.35 , pp. 19-23
    • Lindqvist, E.1
  • 105
    • 0020111863 scopus 로고
    • Tungstic acid technique for monitoring nitric acid and ammonia in ambient air
    • McClenny W.A., Kaneda K., Yanaka T, and Sugai R., 1982, Tungstic acid technique for monitoring nitric acid and ammonia in ambient air. Anal. Chem., 54, 365-369.
    • (1982) Anal. Chem. , vol.54 , pp. 365-369
    • McClenny, W.A.1    Kaneda, K.2    Yanaka, T.3    Sugai, R.4
  • 106
    • 0022005134 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of nitric acid and particulate nitrate measurements by the penetration and denuder difference methods
    • Mulawa P. and Cadle S.H., 1985, A comparison of nitric acid and particulate nitrate measurements by the penetration and denuder difference methods. Atmos. Environ., 19, 1317-1324.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 1317-1324
    • Mulawa, P.1    Cadle, S.H.2
  • 109
    • 30144436507 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion coefficients and velocities of fall in air of atmospheric condensation nuclei
    • Nolan J.J. and Guerrini V.H., 1935, Diffusion coefficients and velocities of fall in air of atmospheric condensation nuclei. Pro. R. Ir. Acad., 43, 5-24.
    • (1935) Pro. R. Ir. Acad. , vol.43 , pp. 5-24
    • Nolan, J.J.1    Guerrini, V.H.2
  • 110
    • 0017043806 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of gaseous and particulate nitrates in the atmosphere
    • Okita T. Morimoto S., Izawa S., and Konno W, 1976, Measurement of gaseous and particulate nitrates in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 10, 1085-1089.
    • (1976) Atmos. Environ. , vol.10 , pp. 1085-1089
    • Okita, T.1    Morimoto, S.2    Izawa, S.3    Konno, W.4
  • 112
    • 0023821932 scopus 로고
    • Uptake of nitrous acid and nitrogen oxides by nylon surfaces: Implication of nitric acid measurements
    • Perrino C, De Santis E, and Febo A., 1988, Uptake of nitrous acid and nitrogen oxides by nylon surfaces: Implication of nitric acid measurements. Atmos. Environ., 22, 1925-1930.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 1925-1930
    • Perrino, C.1    De Santis, E.2    Febo, A.3
  • 113
    • 0025316887 scopus 로고
    • Criteria for the choice of a denuder sampling technique devoted to the measurements of atmospheric nitrous and nitric acids
    • Perrino C, De Santis E, and Febo A., 1990, Criteria for the choice of a denuder sampling technique devoted to the measurements of atmospheric nitrous and nitric acids. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 617-626.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 617-626
    • Perrino, C.1    De Santis, E.2    Febo, A.3
  • 114
    • 0019195054 scopus 로고
    • Observation of HONO in an urban atmosphere by differential optical absorption
    • Piatt U., Pemer D., Harris G.W, Winer A.M., and Pitts J.N., 1980, Observation of HONO in an urban atmosphere by differential optical absorption. Nature, 285, 312-314.
    • (1980) Nature , vol.285 , pp. 312-314
    • Piatt, U.1    Pemer, D.2    Harris, G.W.3    Winer, A.M.4    Pitts, J.N.5
  • 115
    • 0023514935 scopus 로고
    • Vapor pressure of ammonium chloride aerosols: Effect of temperature and humidity
    • Pio CA. and Harrison R.M., 1987, Vapor pressure of ammonium chloride aerosols: Effect of temperature and humidity. Atmos. Environ., 21, 2711-2715.
    • (1987) Atmos. Environ. , vol.21 , pp. 2711-2715
    • Pio, C.A.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 116
    • 0020969702 scopus 로고
    • New design of high-performance denuder for sampling of atmospheric pollutants
    • Possanzini M., Febo A., and Liberti A., 1983, New design of high-performance denuder for sampling of atmospheric pollutants. Atmos. Environ., 17, 2065-2610.
    • (1983) Atmos. Environ. , vol.17 , pp. 2065-2610
    • Possanzini, M.1    Febo, A.2    Liberti, A.3
  • 117
    • 0023614589 scopus 로고
    • Determination of low boiling aldehydes in air and exhaust gases by using annular denuder combined with HPLC techniques
    • Possanzini M., Cicciolo P., di Palo V, and Draisci R., 1987, Determination of low boiling aldehydes in air and exhaust gases by using annular denuder combined with HPLC techniques. Chromatographia, 23, 829-834.
    • (1987) Chromatographia , vol.23 , pp. 829-834
    • Possanzini, M.1    Cicciolo, P.2    di Palo, V.3    Draisci, R.4
  • 119
    • 0024061868 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of atmospheric ammonia and particulate ammonium by a sensitive fluorescence method
    • Rapsomanikis S., Wake M., Kitto A.-M.N., and Harrison R.M., 1988, Analysis of atmospheric ammonia and particulate ammonium by a sensitive fluorescence method. Environ. Sci. Technol, 22, 948-952.
    • (1988) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.22 , pp. 948-952
    • Rapsomanikis, S.1    Wake, M.2    Kitto, A.-M.N.3    Harrison, R.M.4
  • 120
    • 0023159607 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the tungsten oxide denuder tube technique as a method for the measurement of low concentrations of nitric acid in the troposphere
    • Roberts J.M., Norton R.B., Goldan P.D., and Fehsenfeld EC, 1987, Evaluation of the tungsten oxide denuder tube technique as a method for the measurement of low concentrations of nitric acid in the troposphere. J. Atmos. Chem., 5, 217-238.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.5 , pp. 217-238
    • Roberts, J.M.1    Norton, R.B.2    Goldan, P.D.3    Fehsenfeld, E.C.4
  • 121
    • 0242580015 scopus 로고
    • Automated thermodenuder system for continuous measurement of atmospheric ammonia concentrations
    • Angeletti G. and Restelli G. (Eds.), Report EUR 15609/2 EN, European Commission
    • Romer EG., van den Beld L., van Elzakker B.G., and Memmen M.G., 1994, Automated thermodenuder system for continuous measurement of atmospheric ammonia concentrations, in Physico-chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants, Angeletti G. and Restelli G. (Eds.), Report EUR 15609/2 EN, European Commission.
    • (1994) Physico-chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants
    • Romer, E.G.1    van den Beld, L.2    van Elzakker, B.G.3    Memmen, M.G.4
  • 124
    • 0020002538 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid: The denuder difference experiment
    • Shaw R.W. Jr., Stevens R.K., and Bowermaster J.W, 1982, Measurements of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid: The denuder difference experiment. Atmos. Environ., 16, 845-853.
    • (1982) Atmos. Environ. , vol.16 , pp. 845-853
    • Shaw, R.W.1    Stevens, R.K.2    Bowermaster, J.W.3
  • 125
    • 0024847725 scopus 로고
    • Fate of nitrous acid on selected collection surfaces
    • Sickles J.E., II and Hodson L.L., 1989, Fate of nitrous acid on selected collection surfaces. Atmos. Environ., 22, 2321-2324.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 2321-2324
    • Sickles, J.E.1    Hodson, L.L.2
  • 126
    • 85052175404 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of several techniques for determining dry deposition flux
    • Pmppacher H.R., Semo-nin R.G., and Slinn W.G.N. (Eds.), Elsevier, New York
    • Sickles J.E., II, Bach W.D., and Spiller L.L., 1984, Comparison of several techniques for determining dry deposition flux, in Precipitation Scavenging, Dry Deposition and Resuspension. Pmppacher H.R., Semo-nin R.G., and Slinn W.G.N. (Eds.), Elsevier, New York.
    • (1984) Precipitation Scavenging, Dry Deposition and Resuspension.
    • Sickles, J.E.1    Bach, W.D.2    Spiller, L.L.3
  • 127
    • 0023822606 scopus 로고
    • Sampling and analysis of ambient air near Los Angeles using an annular denuder system
    • Sickles, J.E., II, Perrino C, Allegrini I., Febo A., Possanzini M., and Paur R.J., 1988, Sampling and analysis of ambient air near Los Angeles using an annular denuder system. Atmos. Environ., 22, 1619-1625.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 1619-1625
    • Sickles, J.E.1    Perrino, C.2    Allegrini, I.3    Febo, A.4    Possanzini, M.5    Paur, R.J.6
  • 130
    • 0025336119 scopus 로고
    • Discussion on the fate of nitrous acid on selected collection surfaces
    • Sickles J.E., II, and Hodson L.L., 1990, Discussion on the fate of nitrous acid on selected collection surfaces. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 717-718.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 717-718
    • Sickles, J.E.1    Hodson, L.L.2
  • 131
    • 0001075042 scopus 로고
    • Wet effluent denuder coupled liquid/ion chromatography systems
    • Simon P.K., Dasgupta P.K., and Vecera Z., 1991, Wet effluent denuder coupled liquid/ion chromatography systems. Anal Chem., 63, 1237-1242.
    • (1991) Anal Chem. , vol.63 , pp. 1237-1242
    • Simon, P.K.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2    Vecera, Z.3
  • 132
    • 0001569179 scopus 로고
    • Wet effluent denuder coupled liquid/ion chromatography systems: Annular and parallel plate denuders
    • Simon P.K. and Dasgupta P.K., 1993, Wet effluent denuder coupled liquid/ion chromatography systems: annular and parallel plate denuders. Anal Chem., 65, 1134-1139.
    • (1993) Anal Chem. , vol.65 , pp. 1134-1139
    • Simon, P.K.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2
  • 133
    • 0029209607 scopus 로고
    • Continuous automated measurement of the soluble fraction of atmospheric particulate matter
    • Simon P.K. and Dasgupta P.K., 1995, Continuous automated measurement of the soluble fraction of atmospheric particulate matter. Anal Chem., 67, 71-78.
    • (1995) Anal Chem. , vol.67 , pp. 71-78
    • Simon, P.K.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2
  • 134
    • 0021869657 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of nitrous acid in an urban area
    • Sjodin A. and Ferm M., 1985, Measurements of nitrous acid in an urban area. Atmos. Environ., 19, 985-992.
    • (1985) Atmos. Environ. , vol.19 , pp. 985-992
    • Sjodin, A.1    Ferm, M.2
  • 135
    • 0024222309 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the diurnal variation of nitrous acid in urban air
    • Sjodin A., 1988, Studies of the diurnal variation of nitrous acid in urban air. Atmos. Environ., 22, 1086-1089
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 1086-1089
    • Sjodin, A.1
  • 137
    • 0022107913 scopus 로고
    • Determination of sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate by means of a computer-controlled thermodenuder system
    • Slanina J., Schoonebeek CA. Klockow D., and Niessner R., 1985, Determination of sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate by means of a computer-controlled thermodenuder system. Anal. Chem., 57, 1955-1960.
    • (1985) Anal. Chem. , vol.57 , pp. 1955-1960
    • Slanina, J.1    Schoonebeek, C.A.2    Klockow, D.3    Niessner, R.4
  • 140
    • 0023822604 scopus 로고
    • Basinwide nitric acid and related species concentrations observed during the Claremont Nitrogen Comparison Study
    • Solomon P.A., Larson S.M., Fall T, and Cass G., 1988, Basinwide nitric acid and related species concentrations observed during the Claremont Nitrogen Comparison Study. Atmos. Environ., 22, 1587-1595.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 1587-1595
    • Solomon, P.A.1    Larson, S.M.2    Fall, T.3    Cass, G.4
  • 142
    • 0020002015 scopus 로고
    • Relative humidity and temperature dependence of the ammonium nitrate dissociation constant
    • Stelson A.W. and Seinfeld J.H., 1982, Relative humidity and temperature dependence of the ammonium nitrate dissociation constant. Atmos. Environ., 16, 983-992.
    • (1982) Atmos. Environ. , vol.16 , pp. 983-992
    • Stelson, A.W.1    Seinfeld, J.H.2
  • 143
    • 0017859724 scopus 로고
    • Sampling and analysis of atmospheric sulfates and related species
    • Stevens R.K., Dzubay T.G., Russwurm G.M., and Rickel D., 1978, Sampling and analysis of atmospheric sulfates and related species. Atmos. Environ., 12, 55-68.
    • (1978) Atmos. Environ. , vol.12 , pp. 55-68
    • Stevens, R.K.1    Dzubay, T.G.2    Russwurm, G.M.3    Rickel, D.4
  • 144
    • 0024469753 scopus 로고
    • The use of nylon filters to collect HC1: Efficiencies, interferences and ambient concentrations
    • Sturges W.T. and Harrison R.M., 1989, The use of nylon filters to collect HC1: Efficiencies, interferences and ambient concentrations. Atmos. Environ., 23, 1987-1996.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 1987-1996
    • Sturges, W.T.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 145
    • 0001569178 scopus 로고
    • Taira M. and Kanda Y., 1993, Wet effluent diffusion denuder for sampling of atmospheric gaseous nitric acid. Anal. Chem., 65, 3171-3173.
    • (1993) Anal. Chem. , vol.65 , pp. 3171-3173
    • Taira, M.1    Kanda, Y.2
  • 146
    • 0001619971 scopus 로고
    • Measuring tropospheric HNQ, problems and prospects for nylon filter and mist chamber techniques
    • Talbot R.W, Vigen A.S. and Harriss R.C., 1990, Measuring tropospheric HNQ, problems and prospects for nylon filter and mist chamber techniques. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 7553-7561.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 7553-7561
    • Talbot, R.W.1    Vigen, A.S.2    Harriss, R.C.3
  • 147
    • 0003190964 scopus 로고
    • Tan C.W and Hsu C.J., 1971, Diffusion of aerosols in laminar flow in a cylindrical tube.J. Aerosol Sci., 21, 117-124.
    • (1971) J. Aerosol Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 117-124
    • Tan, C.W.1    Hsu, C.J.2
  • 148
    • 0022757746 scopus 로고
    • Sampling and determination of gas-phase hydrogen peroxide following removal of ozone by gas-phase reaction with nitric oxide
    • Tanner R.L., Markovits G.Y, Ferreri E.M., and Kelly T.J., 1986, Sampling and determination of gas-phase hydrogen peroxide following removal of ozone by gas-phase reaction with nitric oxide. Anal Chem. 58, 1857-1865.
    • (1986) Anal Chem. , vol.58 , pp. 1857-1865
    • Tanner, R.L.1    Markovits, G.Y.2    Ferreri, E.M.3    Kelly, T.J.4
  • 149
    • 0024856024 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of filter, denuder, and real-time chemiluminescence techniques for nitric acid determination in ambient air
    • Tanner R.L., Kelly T.J., Dezaro D.A., and Forrest J., 1989, A comparison of filter, denuder, and real-time chemiluminescence techniques for nitric acid determination in ambient air. Atmos. Environ., 23, 2213-2222.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 2213-2222
    • Tanner, R.L.1    Kelly, T.J.2    Dezaro, D.A.3    Forrest, J.4
  • 151
    • 0018097929 scopus 로고
    • A kilometre pathlength Fourier-transform infrared system for the study of trace pollutants in ambient and synthetic atmosphere
    • Tuazon E.C, Graham R.A., Winer A.M., Easton R.R., Pitts Jr., J.N., and Hanst P.L., 1978, A kilometre pathlength Fourier-transform infrared system for the study of trace pollutants in ambient and synthetic atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 12, 865-875.
    • (1978) Atmos. Environ. , vol.12 , pp. 865-875
    • Tuazon, E.C.1    Graham, R.A.2    Winer, A.M.3    Easton, R.R.4    Pitts, J.N.5    Hanst, P.L.6
  • 152
    • 0000504385 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of atmospheric nitrous acid with a wet effluent diffusion denuder and low pressure ion chromatography-post column reaction detector
    • Vecera Z. and Dasgupta P.K. 1991, Measurements of atmospheric nitrous acid with a wet effluent diffusion denuder and low pressure ion chromatography-post column reaction detector. Anal. Chem., 63, 2210-2216.
    • (1991) Anal. Chem. , vol.63 , pp. 2210-2216
    • Vecera, Z.1    Dasgupta, P.K.2
  • 154
    • 0025027898 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal patterns in summertime sulfate aerosol acidity and neutralization with metropolitan area
    • Waldman J.M., Lioy P.J., Thurston G.D., and Lippmann M., 1990, Spatial and temporal patterns in summertime sulfate aerosol acidity and neutralization with metropolitan area. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 115-126.
    • (1990) Atmos. Environ. , vol.24A , pp. 115-126
    • Waldman, J.M.1    Lioy, P.J.2    Thurston, G.D.3    Lippmann, M.4
  • 155
    • 0023822610 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of aerosol size distribution for nitrate and major ionic species
    • Wall S.M., John W, and Ondo J.L., 1988, Measurements of aerosol size distribution for nitrate and major ionic species. Atmos. Environ., 22, 1649-1656.
    • (1988) Atmos. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 1649-1656
    • Wall, S.M.1    John, W.2    Ondo, J.L.3
  • 157
    • 85052176679 scopus 로고
    • Presented before the division of environmental chemistry, American Chemical Society, Sept. 25-30, Los Angeles
    • Williams E.L. and Grosjean D., 1988, Annular denuder for atmospheric oxidants. Presented before the division of environmental chemistry, American Chemical Society, Sept. 25-30, Los Angeles.
    • (1988) Annular denuder for atmospheric oxidants
    • Williams, E.L.1    Grosjean, D.2
  • 158
    • 0025443789 scopus 로고
    • Removal of atmospheric oxidants with annular denuder
    • Williams E.L. and Grosjean D., 1990, Removal of atmospheric oxidants with annular denuder. Environ. Sci. Technol, 24, 811-814.
    • (1990) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.24 , pp. 811-814
    • Williams, E.L.1    Grosjean, D.2
  • 159
    • 0024460487 scopus 로고
    • A calculation procedure for the determination of the collection efficiency in annular denuders
    • Winiwarter W, 1989, A calculation procedure for the determination of the collection efficiency in annular denuders. Atmos. Environ., 23, 1997-2002.
    • (1989) Atmos. Environ. , vol.23 , pp. 1997-2002
    • Winiwarter, W.1
  • 160
    • 0024248753 scopus 로고
    • Organic acid gas and liquid-phase measurements in Po Valley fall-winter conditions in the presence of fog
    • Winiwarter W, Puxbaum H., Fuzzi, S., Facchinin M.C, Orsi G., Beltz N., Enderle K., and Jaeschke W, 1988, Organic acid gas and liquid-phase measurements in Po Valley fall-winter conditions in the presence of fog. Tellus, 40B, 348-357.
    • (1988) Tellus , vol.40B , pp. 348-357
    • Winiwarter, W.1    Puxbaum, H.2    Fuzzi, S.3    Facchinin, M.C.4    Orsi, G.5    Beltz, N.6    Enderle, K.7    Jaeschke, W.8
  • 162
    • 33845553934 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ambient temperature on aspects of airborne poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    • Yamasaki J., Kuwata, and Miyamoto H., 1982, Effects of ambient temperature on aspects of airborne poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ. Sci. Technol, 16, 189-194.
    • (1982) Environ. Sci. Technol , vol.16 , pp. 189-194
    • Yamasaki, J.K.1    Miyamoto, H.2
  • 163
    • 0026089344 scopus 로고
    • Particle transmission characteristics for an annular denuder ambient sampling system
    • Ye Y, Tsai, C.-J., Pui D.Y.H., and Lewis C.W., 1991, Particle transmission characteristics for an annular denuder ambient sampling system. Aerosol Sci. Technol, 14, 102-111.
    • (1991) Aerosol Sci. Technol , vol.14 , pp. 102-111
    • Ye, Y.1    Tsai, C.-J.2    Pui, D.Y.H.3    Lewis, C.W.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.