Diving physiology

The Biology of Sea Turtles, Volume I

Volumn , Issue , 2017, Pages 277-296

  Lutcavage, Molly E ^a   Lutz, Peter L ^b  

^a NEW ENGLAND AQUARIUM   (United States)

^b FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85051616040     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1201/9780203737088     Document Type: Chapter

References (101)

1. Seymour, R. S., Physiological adaptations to aquatic life, in Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 13, Gans, C., Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1982, chap. 1.
2. Glass, M. L. and Wood, S. C., Gas exchange and control of breathing in reptiles, Physiol. Rev., 63, 232, 1983.
3. Lutz, P. L. and Hochachka, P, Hypoxic defense mechanisms: a comparison between diving reptiles and mammals, in Cellular Defense Strategies against Hypoxia, Hochachka, P. W., Lutz, P. L., Sick, T., Rosenthal, M., and van den Thilart, G., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993, 459.
4. Greer, A. E., Lazell, J. D., and Wright, R. M., Anatomical evidence for a countercurrent heat exchanger in the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), Nature, 244, 181, 1973.
5. Sakamoto, W., Uchida, I., Naito, Y., Kureha, K., Tujimura, M., and Sato, K., Deep diving behavior of the loggerhead turtle near the frontal zone, Nippon Suisan Gak-kaishi, 56, 1435, 1990.
6. Sakamoto, W., Naito, Y., Uchida, I., and Kureha, K., Circadian rhythm on diving motion of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta during intemesting and its fluctuations induced by the oceanic environmental events, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 56, 263, 1990.
7. Soma, M., Radio biotelemetry system applied to migratory study of turtle, J. Fac. Mar. Sci. Technol. Tokai Univ., 21, 47, 1985.
8. Byles, R. A., Behavior and Ecology of Sea Turtles from Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, Ph.D. dissertation, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 1988.
9. Keinath, J. A., Movements and Behavior of Wild and Head-Started Sea Turtles, Ph.D. dissertation, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 1993.
10. Mendonca, M. T. and Pritchard, P. C. H., Offshore movements of post-nesting Kemp’s ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi), Herpetologica, 42, 373, 1986.
11. Plotkin, P. T., The Migratory and Reproductive Behavior of the Olive Ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, Ph.D. dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station, 1994.
12. Brill, R. W., Balazs, G. H., Holland, K. N., Chang, R. K. C., Sullivan, S., and George, J., Daily movements, habitat use, and submergence intervals of normal and tumorbearing juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas L.) within a foraging area in the Hawaiian islands, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecoi, 185, 203, 1995.
13. Berkson, H., Physiological adjustments to deep diving in the Pacific Green turtle (Chelonia mydas agassizii), Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 21, 507, 1967.
14. Starbird, C. H. and Hillis, Z., Telemetry studies of the internesting movements and behavior of hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) around Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Crois, U.S. Virgin Islands, in Proc. 12th Ann. Workshop on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-SEFSC-361, Miami, Florida, 134, 1995.
15. Eckert, S. A., Eckert, K. L., Ponganis, P., and Kooyman, G. L., Diving and foraging behavior of leatherback sea turtles, (Dermochelys coriacea), Can. J. Zool., 67, 2834, 1989.
16. Eckert, S. A., Nellis, D. W., Eckert, K. L., and Kooyman, G. L., Diving patterns of two leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) during interne, sting intervals at Sandy Point, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, Herpetologica, 42, 381, 1986.
17. Keinath, J. A. and Musick, J. A., Movements and diving behavior of a leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, Copeia, 1993, 1010, 1993.
18. Standora, E. A., Spotila, J. R., Keinath, J. A., and Shoop, C. R., Body temperatures, diving cycles, and movement of a subadult leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, Herpetologica, 40, 169, 1984.
19. Duron, M. D., Contribution a l’Etude de la Biologie deDermochelys coriacea (Linne) dans les Pertuis Crentais, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Bordeaux, France, 1978.
20. Lutcavage, M. E., Bushnell, P. G., and Jones, D. R., Oxygen stores and aerobic metabolism in the leatherback sea turtle, Can. J. Zool., 70, 348, 1992.
21. Berkson, H., Physiological adjustments to prolonged diving in the Pacific green turtle (Chelonia mydas agassizii), Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 18, 101, 1966.
22. Tenney, S. M., Bartlett, D., Farber, J. P., and Remmers, J. E., Mechanics of the respiratory cycle in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas), Respir. Physiol., 22, 361, 1974.
23. Lutcavage, M. E., Lutz, P. L., and Baier, H., Respiratory mechanics in the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, Respir. Physiol., 76, 13, 1989.
24. Lutcavage, M. E. and Lutz, P. L., Voluntary diving metabolism and ventilation in the loggerhead sea turtle, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 147, 287, 1991.
25. West, N. H., Butler, P. J., and Bevan, R. M., Pulmonary blood flow at rest and during swimming in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, Physiol. Zool., 65, 287, 1992.
26. Lutcavage, M. E., Bushnell, P. G., and Jones, D. R., Oxygen transport in the leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea, Physiol. Zool., 63, 1012, 1990.
27. Paladino, F., O’Connor, M. P., and Spotila, J. R., Metabolism of leatherback turtles, gigantothermy, and thermoregulation of dinosaurs, Nature, 344, 859, 1990.
28. Jackson, D. C., Kraus, D. R., and Prange, H. D., Ventilatory response to inspired CQ in the sea turtle: effects of body size and temperature, Respir. Physiol., 38, 71, 1979.
29. Kraus, D. R. and Jackson, D. C., Temperature effects on ventilation and acid-base balance of the green turtle, Am. J. Physiol., 239, R254, 1980.
30. Lutz, P. L., Bergey, A., and Bergey, M., Effects of temperature on gas exchange and acid-base balance in the sea turtle Caretta caretta at rest and during routine activity, J. Exp. Biol., 144, 155-169, 1989.
31. Jackson, D. C., Respiration and respiratory control in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, Copeia, 1985, 664, 1985.
32. Lutz, P. L. and Bentley, T. B., Respiratory physiology of diving in the sea turtle, Copeia, 1985, 671, 1985.
33. Jackson, D. C. and Prange, H. D., Ventilation and gas exchange during rest and exercise in adult green sea turtles, J. Comp. Physiol., 134, 315, 1979.
34. Vitalis, T. Z. and Milsom, W. K., Pulmonary mechanics and the work of breathing in the semi-aquatic turtle, Pseudemys scripta, J. Exp. Biol., 125, 137, 1986.
35. Glass, M. L. and Johansen, K., Periodic breathing in the crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus: consequences for the gas exchange ratio and control of breathing, J. Exp. Zool., 208, 319, 1979.
36. Kooyman, G. L., Respiratory adaptations in marine mammals, Am. Zool., 13, 457, 1973.
37. Kooyman, G. L., Castellini, M. A., and Davis, R. W., Physiology of diving in marine mammals, Annu. Rev. Physiol., 43, 343, 1981.
38. Jacobs, W., Die lunge der seeschildkrote Caretta caretta (L.) als schwebeorgan, Z. Vgl. Physiol., 24, 1, 1939.
39. Milani, A., Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Reptilienlunge. II. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Anat. Ontog. Tiere, 10, 93, 1897.
40. Perry, S. F. and Duncker, H. R., Lung architecture, volume and static mechanics in five species of lizards, Respir. Physiol., 34, 61, 1978.
41. Solomon, S. E. and Purton, M., The respiratory epithelium of the lung in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas L.), J. Anat., 139, 353, 1984.
42. Lutcavage, M., Lutz, P. L., and Baier, H., Gas exchange in the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, J. Exp. Biol., 131, 365, 1987.
43. Perry, S. F., Darian-Smith, C., Alston, J., Limpus, C. J., and Maloney, J. E., Histological structure of the lungs of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, before and after hatching, Copeia, 1989, 1000, 1989.
44. Leith, D., Lowe, R., and Gillespie, J., Mechanics of baleen whale lungs, Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., 31, 335, 1972.
45. Leith, D. E., Comparative mammalian respiratory mechanics, Physiologist, 19, 485, 1976.
46. Butler, P. J., Milsom, W. K., and Woakes, A. J., Respiratory cardiovascular and metabolic adjustments during steady state swimming in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas,.1. Comp. Physiol. B, 154, 167, 1984.
47. Gans, C. and Hughes, G. M., The mechanisms of lung ventilation in the tortoise Testudo graeca Linne, J. Exp. Biol., 47, 1, 1967.
48. Milsom, W. K., The interrelationship between pulmonary mechanics and spontaneous breathing pattern in the Tokay lizard, Gekko gecko, J. Exp. Biol., 113, 203, 1984.
49. Kooyman, G. L., Pressure and the diver, Can. J. Zool., 66, 84, 1988.
50. Rothschild, B. and Martin, L. D., Avascular necrosis: occurrence in diving Cretaceous mosasaurs, Science, 236, 75, 1987.
51. Rothschild, B. M., Decompression syndrome in turtles: implications of the fossil record pathology, avascular necrosis, Ann. Carnegie Inst., 59, 287, 1990.
52. Sapsford, C. W., Anatomical evidence for intracardiac blood shunting in marine turtles, Zool. Afr., 13, 57, 1978.
53. Wood, S. J., Gatz, R. N., and Glass, M. L., Oxygen transport in the green sea turtle, J. Comp. Physiol., 154, 275, 1984.
54. Burggren, W. W. and Shelton, G., Gas exchange and transport during intermittent breathing in chelonian reptiles, J. Exp. Biol., 82, 75, 1979.
55. 2 homeostasis during diving in the turtle Chelodina longicollis, Physiol. Zool., 62, 668, 1989.
56. Milsom, W. K., Development of buoyancy control in juvenile Atlantic loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, Copeia, 1975, 758, 1975.
57. Milsom, W. K. C. and Johansen, K., The effect of buoyancy induced lung volume changes on respiratory frequency in a chelonian (Caretta caretta), J. Comp. Physiol., 98. 157. 1975.
58. Salmon, M. and Wyneken, Orientation and swimming behavior of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) during their offshore migration, Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 109, 137, 1987.
59. Davenport, J. and Clough, W., Swimming and diving in young loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.), Copeia, 1986, 53, 1986.
60. Sapsford, C. W. and Van Der Riet, M., Uptake of solar radiation by the sea turtle, Caretta caretta, during voluntary surface basking, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 63A, 471, 1979.
61. Prange, H. D. and Jackson, D. C., Ventilation, gas exchange and metabolic scaling of a sea turtle, Respir. Physiol., 27, 369, 1976.
62. Lutcavage, M. and Lutz, P. L., Metabolic rate and feeding requirements of the leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, Copeia, 1976, 796, 1986.
63. Prange, H. D. and Ackerman, R. A., Oxygen consumption and mechanisms of gas exchange of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) eggs and hatchlings, Copeia, 1974, 758, 1974.
64. Lapennas, G. N. and Lutz, P. L., Oxygen affinity of sea turtle blood, Respir Physiol., 48, 59, 1982.
65. Butler, P. J. and Jones, D. R., The comparative physiology of diving in vertebrates, in Advances in Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 8, Academic Press, New York, 1982.
66. Lutz, P. L., Oxygen transport in vertebrate blood. Challenges, in A Companion to Animal Physiology, Johansen, K. and Taylor, C. R., Eds., Cambridge University Press, New York, 1982.
67. Snyder, G. K., Respiratory adaptations in diving mammals, Respir. Physiol., 54, 269, 1983.
68. Evans, B. K., Jones, D. R., Baldwin, J., and Gabbot, G. R. J., Diving ability of the platypus, Aust. J. Zool., 42, 17, 1994.
69. Gallivan, G. J. and Best, R. C., Metabolism and respiration of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), Physiol. Zool., 53, 245, 1980.
70. Burggren, W., Cardiovascular responses to diving and their relation to lung and blood oxygen stores in vertebrates, Can. J. Zool, 66, 20, 1988.
71. Wright, J. C., Energy metabolism during unrestrained submergence in the saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus, Physiol. Zool., 60, 515, 1987.
72. Lenfant, C., Physiological properties of blood of marine mammals, in The Biology of Marine Mammals, Andersen, H. T., Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1969, 95.
73. McCutcheon, F. H., The respiratory mechanism in turtles, Physiol. Zool., 16, 255, 1943.
74. Grigg, G. C. and Caimcross, M., Respiratory properties of the blood of Crocodylus porosus, Respir. Physiol., 41, 367, 1980.
75. Castellini, M. A. and Somero, G. N., Buffering capacity of vertebrate muscle: correlations with potentials for anaerobic function, J. Comp. Physiol., 143, 191, 1981.
76. Wells, R. M. G. and Baldwin, J., Oxygen transport in marine green turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings: blood viscosity and control of hemoglobin oxygen-affinity, J. Exp. Biol., 103, 154, 275, 1994.
77. Friedman, J. M., Simon, S. R., and Scott, T. W., Structure and function in sea turtle hemoglobins, Copeia, 1985, 679, 1985.
78. 2 transport to allosteric effectors and temperature in loggerhead sea turtle hemoglobin: functional and spectroscopic study, Biochim. Bio-phys.Acta, 1159, 129, 1992.
79. Isaaks, R. E., Harkness, D. R., and Witham, P. R., Relationship between the major phosphorylated metabolic intermediates and oxygen affinity of whole blood in the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) during development, Dev. Biol., 62, 344, 1978.
80. Lutz, P. L. and Storey, K., Strategies for dealing with variations in gas tensions-vertebrates and invertebrates, Handbook of Comparative Physiology, Am. Physiol Soc., in press.
81. Lutz, P. L. and Lapennas, G. N., Effects of pH, CO, and organic phosphates on oxygen affinity of sea turtle hemoglobins, Respir. Physiol., 48, 75, 1982.
82. Davis, B. J., Developmental changes in the blood oxygen transport system of Kemp’s ridley sea turtle, Lepidochelys kempi, Can. J. Zool., 69, 2660, 1991.
83. Irving, L., Scholander, P. F., and Grinnell, S. W., Significance of the heart rate to the diving ability of seals, J. Cell.Comp. Physiol., 18, 283, 1941.
84. Scholander, P. F., Experimental investigations on the respiratory function in diving mammals and birds, Hvalradets Skr., 22, 1, 1940.
85. Bert, P., Lecons sur la Physiologic Comparee de la Respiration, Bailliere, Paris, 1870.
86. National Research Council, Decline of the Sea Turtles: Causes and Prevention, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1985, 355 pp.
87. Henwood, T. A. and Stuntz, W. E., Analysis of sea turtle captures and mortalities during commercial shrimp trawling, Fish. Bull., 85, 813, 1987.
88. Stabenau, E. K., Heming, T. A., and Mitchell, J. F., Respiratory, acid-base and ionic status of Kemp’s ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) subjected to trawling, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 99A, 107, 1991.
89. Lutz, P. L. and Dunbar-Cooper, A., Variations in the blood chemistry of the loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, Fish. Bulk, 85, 37-43, 1987.
90. Keiver, K. M. and Hochachka, P. W., Catecholamine stimulation of hepatic glyco-genolysis during anoxia in the turtle Chrysemys picta, Am. J. Physiol., 30, R1441, 1991.
91. Lutz, P. L., LaManna, J. C., Adams, M. R., and Rosenthal, M., Cerebral resistance to anoxia in the marine turtles, Respir. Physiol., 41, 241, 1980.
92. Lutz, P. L., Anoxic defense mechanisms in the vertebrate brain, Annu. Rev. Physiol., 54, 601, 1992.
93. Lutz, P. L. and Nilsson, G. E., The Brain without Oxygen-Cases of Failure, Mechanisms for Survival, Landis Press, Austin, TX, 1994.
94. Nilsson, G. E., Lutz, P. L., and Jackson, T. L., Neurotransmitters and anoxic survival in the brain: a comparison between anoxia tolerant and anoxia intolerant vertebrates, Physiol. Zook, 64, 638, 1991.
95. Ultsch, G. R., Ecology and physiology of hibernation and overwintering among freshwater fishes, turtles, and snakes, Biol. Rev., 435, 1989.
96. Felger, R. S., Cliffton, K., and Regal, P. J., Winter dormancy in sea turtles: independent discovery and exploitation in the Gulf of California by two local cultures, Science, 191, 283, 1976.
97. Carr, A., Ogren, L., and McVea, C., Apparent hibernation by the Atlantic loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta off Cape Canaveral, Florida, Biol. Conserv., 19, 7, 1980-81.
98. Moon, D. Y., The Responses of Sea Turtles to Temperature Changes: Behavior, Metabolism, and Thyroid Hormones, Ph.D. dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station, 1992.
99. Laurent, L. and Lescure, J., L’Hivernage des tortues caouannes Caretta caretta (L.) dans le sud tunisien, Rev. Ecok (Terre Vie), 49, 63, 1994.
100. Lazell, J. D., New England waters: critical habitat for marine turtles, Copeia, 1980, 449, 1980.
101. Lacombe, A. M. A. and Jones, D. R., Role of adrenal catecholamines during forced submergence in ducks, Am. J. Physiol., 30, R1346, 1991.