The last oasis: Facing water scarcity

The Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 1-239

  Postel, Sandra ^a  

^a WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 85047793256     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781315070346     Document Type: Book

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174. M.A. Abu-Zeid and M.A. Rady, "Egypt's Water Resources Management and Policies," presented at World Bank International Workshop on Comprehensive Water Resources Management Policies, Washington, D.C., June 24-28, 1991
175. Dale Whittington and Elizabeth McClelland, "Opportunities for Regional and International Cooperation in the Nile Basin," University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hili, June 1991
176. U.S. Agency for International Development-Cairo, Office oflrrigation and Land Development, "Irrigation Briefing Paper," April 12, 1987; Sadat quote from Starr, "WaterWars"
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180. Whittington and McClelland, "Opportunities for Regional and International Cooperation in the Nile Basin"; Ethiopia's irrigated area in 1989 was 162,000 hectares, according to U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, 1990 Production Yearbook (Rome: 1991)
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184. Clyde Haberman, "Dam is Watering Hope for a New Fertile Crescent," New York Times, March 30, 1990
185. Necati Utkan, Turkish Ambassador to Iraq, at a press conference on the Middle East Water Summit held by the Global Water Summit Initiative, Washington, D.C.,March 19, 1991
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196. U.N. Environment Programme, "An Action Plan for the Zambezi," UNEP Environment Brief No. 6, Nairobi, Kenya, undated
197. Paul E. Waggoner, ed., Climate Change and U.S. Water Resources (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1990)
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229. Texas Water Development B"oard, Surveys of Irrigation in Texas-1958, 1964, 1969, 1974, 1979, 1984, and 1989 (Austin, Tex.: 1991)
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242. Gaza and Negev experiments mentioned by Saul Arlosoroff, Project Manager, Waterand Sanitation, World Bank, Washington, D.C., private communication, May 27, 1992
243. Robert Chambers, Managing Canal Irrigation: Practical Analysis from South Asia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988)
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246. Ronald Cummings et al., Waterworks: Improving Irrigation Management in Mexican Agriculture, WRI Paper No. 5 (Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute, December 1989)
247. Montague Keen, "Clearer Thoughts Flow on Irrigation," Geres, May/June 1988
248. Romana P. de los Reyes and Sylvia Ma. G. Jopillo, An Evaluation ofthe Philippine Participatory Com munal Irrigation Program (Quezon City: Institute of Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University, 1986)
249. Shaul Manor et al., eds., Role of Social Organizers in Assisting Farmer-Managed Irrigation Systems, Proceedings of a regional workshop of the Farmer-Managed Irrigation Systems Network, Khon Kaen, Thailand, May 15-20, 1989 (Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Irrigation Management Institute, 1990)
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254. Peter Rogers et al., Bastern Waters Study: StrategiestoManage Flood & Drought in the Ganges-Brahmaputra Basin (Arlington, Va.: Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, 1989)
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256. Tad Weems, "Survey of Moisture Measurement Instruments," Irrigation Journal, January/February 1991
257. Gail Richardson, Saving Water from the Ground Up (New York: INFORM, Inc., 1985)
258. Holly Sheradin, CIMIS Program Manager, Water Conservation Office, California Department ofWater Resources, Sacramento, Calif., private communication, March 31, 1992
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260. Gloria Pacheco, CIMIS, Sacramento, Calif., private communication, May 27, 1992
261. Pape Samba Mboup, Attache de Cabinet du Ministre de I'Integration Economique Africaine, Senegal; Washington, D.C., September 13, 1991
262. Percentage of cropland irrigated from U.N. Food and Agriculture Orgnaization (FAO), 1990 Production Yearbook (Rome: 1991)
263. H.M. Loveostein et al., "Runotf Agroforestry in Arid Lands," Forest Ecology and Management, Vol. 45, 1991
264. Shawki Barghouti and Guy Le Moigne, Irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Development of Public and Private Systems (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1990)
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266. Will Critchley, Looking After Our Land: Soil and Water Gonservalion in Dryland Africa (Oxford: Oxfam, 1 991)
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268. Christiaan Gischler and C. Fernandez Jauregui, "Low-Cost Techniques for Water Conservation and Management in Latin America," Nature and Resources, July/September 1984
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270. U.N. Environment Programme, Rain and Stormwater Harvesting in Rural Areas (Dublin: Tycooly International Publishing Ltd., 1983)
271. Pedro Berliner, Head, Runoff Agriculture Unit, Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boqer Campus, Israel, March 4, 1992
272. Mark Svendsen and Ruth Meinzen-Dick, "Garden Irrigation: TheInvisible Sector," International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, D.C., unpublished paper, October 1990
273. A.M. Michael (former Director, Indian Agricultural Research Institute), "Raising Yield in Rainfed Lands: Stress on Water Management," in The Hindu, Survey of Indian Agriculture 1990 (Madras, India: M/s. Kasturi & Sons Ltd., undated)
274. K. Palanisami, "Tank Irrigation In South India: What Next?" Irrigation Management Network (Overseas Development Institute, London), July 1990
275. Mark Svendsen et al., "Choice oflrrigation Technology in Zimbabwe," in Structural Change in Ajrican Agriculture, IFPRI Policy Briefs 5 (Washington, D.C.: 1990)
276. Peter H. Stern, Small-Scale Irrigation: A Manual of Low-cost Water Technology (London: Intermediate Technology Publications Ltd., 1979)
277. Ian Scoones, "Wetlands in Drylands: Key Resources for Agricultural and Pastoral Production in Africa," Ambio, December 1991
278. Ellen P. Brown and Robert Nooter, "Successful Small-scale Irrigation in the Sahel" (draft), World Bank, Washington, D.C., September 1991
279. Richard Carter, ed., NGO Casebook on Small Scale Irrigation in Ajrica (Rome: FAO, 1989)
280. Danny Sherban, Yodfat Consulting Engineers, Yodfat, Israel, March I, 1992
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282. Hillel I. Shuval et al., Wastewater Irrigation in Developing Countries: Health Effects and Technical Salutions (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1986)
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285. Jehoshua Schwarz, "Israel Water Sector Review: Past Achievements, Current Problems and Future Options," prepared for the World Bank by Tahal Consulting Engineers Ltd., Tel Aviv, Israel, December 1990
286. Shaul Streit, "On-Land Treatment and Disposal of Municipal Sewage Agro-Sanitary Integration: The Israeli Experience," prepared for World Bank Seminar, Washington, D.C., March 19, 1992
287. Hillel I. Shuval, Wastewater Irrigation in Developing Countries: Health Effects and Technical Salutions (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1990)
288. Hillel I. Shuval, "The Development ofWater Reuse in Israel," Israel Environment Bulletin, Summer 1991
289. Herman Bouwer, "Agricultural and Municipal Use ofWastewater," prepared for meeting of the International Association of Water Pollution Research and Control, Washington, D.C., May 1992
290. Asit K. Biswas and Abdullah Arar, eds., Treatment and Reuse of Wastewater (London: Butterworths, 1988)
291. Shuval et al., Wastewater Irrigation in Developing Countries
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293. Henk W. de Koning, ed., Environmental Health and the Management of Fresh Water Resources in the Americas, prepared for Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization, Washington, D.C., January 1992
294. Shuval et al., Wastewater Irrigation in Developing Countries; author's visit to Tula Irrigation District, Mexico, October 1991
295. David Richard et al., "Wastewater Reclamation Costs and Water Reuse Revenue," prepared for American Water Resources Association 1991 Summer Symposium, Water Supply and Water Reuse: 1991 and Beyond, San Diego, Calif., June 6-10, 1991. 1 7
296. Bahman Sheikh and Don Marske, "Planning for Water Reuse to Meet the Growth Needs ofthe 21st Century for the City ofLos Angeles," prepared for American Water Resources Association 1991 Summer Symposium, Water Supply and Water Reuse: 1991 and Beyond, San Diego, Calif.,June 6-10, 199l
297. James A. Van Haun and Martin G. Rigby, "Water Reclamation: A Key Component of Orange County Water District's Groundwater Management Plan," in Proceedings of CONSERV 90: The National Conference and Exposition Offering Water Supply Solutions for the 1990s (Columbus, Ohio: National Ground Water Association, 1990)
298. Kirke Guild, "Wastewater Reuse in Tucson, Arizona-Past, Present, and Future," in IWRA, Water for World Development
299. Kenneth T. Holmes et al., "City of Phoenix, 23rd Avenue/RIO Water Reuse Project," in Proceedings ofCONSERV 90
300. Joseph V. Towry and David Shulmister, "Water Conservation Pioneers," Quality Cities '90, May 1990
301. St. Petersburg, "Quick Facts about Services and Rates" (rates effective October 1, 1990)
302. D.E. Boume and G.S. Watermeyer, "Proposed Potahle Reuse-An Epidemiological Study in Cape Town," in Proceedings of the Water Reuse Symposium II (Denver, Colo.: A WW A Research Foundation, 1981)
303. William C. Lauer, "More Efficient Use of Limited Water Resources: Direct Potahle Reuse-A Denver Perspective," U.S. Water News, November 1989
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305. Gary Allie, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, D.C., private communication, April 27, 1992
306. Shiklomanov, "Global Water Resources," Nature & Resources, Vol. 26, No. 3, 1990
307. World Resources Institute, World Resources 1992-93 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992)
308. Wayne Solley et al., "Preliminary Water Use Estimates in the United States During 1990," U.S. Geological Survey, Open File Report 92-63, Washington, D.C., July 1992
309. National Land Agency, Water Resources Department, Water Resources in Japan: Present State of Water Resources Development, Conservation and Utilization (Tokyo: various years), from International Monetary Fund (IMF), 1991 Yearbook (Washington, D.C.: 1991)
310. IMF, International Financial Statistics (Washington, D.C.: June 1992)
311. World Bank, World Develoment Repon 1992 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992)
312. Wayne Solley et al., Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 1985 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govemment Printing Office, 1988)
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314. IMF, International Financial Statistics (Washington, D.C.: various years)
315. CulpfWesner/ Culp, Water Reuse and Recycling: Evaluation of N eeds and Potential, Vol. 1 (Washington, D.C.: U.S Department of the Interior, 1979)
316. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Water Use in Manufacturing (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1981)
317. Roy Opie, "Germany's Double Bill," World Waterand Environmental Engineer, April)991
318. Sandra Postel, Conserving Water: The Untapped Alternative, Worldwatch Paper 67 (Washington, D.C.: Worldwatch Institute, September 1985)
319. William Sweetman, Spalding Sports Worldwide, Chicopee, Mass., private communication, March 18, 1992
320. Massachusetts Water Resources Authority, "MWRA Honors Spalding Sports Worldwide for Water Conservation," news release, Boston, Mass., September 27, 1991
321. "Bylaw 1-90, Just the Beginning of Savings," Industrial Perspectives, January 1992
322. Mark Manzione et al., "California Industries Cut Water Use," Journal oftheAWWA, October 1991
323. San Jose, Brown and Caldwell Consultants, and Department of Water Resources, Gase Studies of Industrial Water Conservation in the San Jose Area (Sacramento: California Department ofWater Resources, 1990)
324. Maggie Murphy, "Industrial Water Conservation is Feasible," Water Conservation News (California Department of Water Resources), April 1991
325. William W. Wade et al., Cost of Industrial Water Shortages, prepared by Spectrum Economics, Inc., for the California Urban Water Agencies (San Francisco, Calif.: 1991)
326. California's economic ranking from U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, Handbook of Economic Statistics, 1991 (Washington, D.C.: 1991)
327. Egyptian Program for Water Resources Management Sector, "National Projects for Environmental Protection and Development" (draft), Terms of Reference, Third Project, Cairo, November 1991
328. David E. Sanger, "Chemical Leak in Korea Brings Forth a New Era," New York Times, April16, 1991
329. "Doosan Company Contaminates Source of Tap Water Again," (Seoul) YONHAP, April 23, 1991, as reprinted in JPRS Report: Environmental Issues, May 31, 1991
330. "Severe Contamination ofRimac River Reported," (Madrid) EFE, June 23, 1991, as reprinted in JPRS Report: Environmental Issues, July 9, 1991
331. Choo Wai Chan, Public Utilities Board-Singapore, private communication, Singapore, May 23, 1992
332. Ramesh Bhatia and Malin Falkenmark, "Water Resource Policies and the Urban Poor: Innovative Approaches and Policy Imperatives," prepared for the International Conference on Water and the Environment: Development Issues for the 21st Century, Dublin, Ire land, January 26-31, 1992
333. A.D. Rosenberg, Deputy Manager, Department ofWater Supply and Sewerage, Municipality of Jerusalem, private written communication, Jerusalem, Israel, May 18, 1992
334. Matthew Puffer, Metropolitan Water District, Los Angeles, Calif., private communication, June 8, 1992
335. "Beijing Water Shortages Prompt Introduction of Regulations," China Daily, October 30, 1991
336. Singapore from World Health Organization, Regional Working Group on Water Supply Management, Country Report: Singapore (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: 1990)
337. Ramesh Bhatia and Malin Falkenmark, "Water Resource Policies and the Urban Poor: Innovative Approaches and Policy Imperatives," prepared for the International Conference on Waterand the Environment: Development Issues forthe 21st Century, Dublin, Ireland,January 26-31, 1992
338. Melbourne from Melbourne Water Resources Review, "Water for Our Future," Issues Paper, June 1991
339. Agua 2000: Estrategia para Ia Ciudad de Mexico, May 1991
340. U.N. Department oflnternational Economic and Social Affairs, World Urbanization Prospects 1990 (New York: 1991)
341. Kimberly Crews, Director of Population Education Programs, Population Reference Bureau, Washington, D.C., private communication, May 14, 1992
342. Departamento del Distrito Federal, Secretaria General de Obras, Direcciön General de Construcciön y Operadon Hidraulica, Memoria: Programa de Uso Eficiente del Agua (Mexico City: 1991)
343. Juan Manuel Martinez Garcia, Program de Uso Eficiente delAgua en la Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico City: Ciudad de Mexico DDF, 1991)
344. Jim Robertson, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada, private communication, March 25, 1992
345. Ralph Luhowy, Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada, private communication, May 1, 1992
346. Barbara Jordan, "Door-to-Door Water Conservation Retrofits: The San Jose Story," Horne Energy, July/August 1990
347. San Jose, "Water Conservation Program Analysis, Evaluation and LongTerm Planning Study," final report, prepared by James M. Montgomery Consulting Engineers Inc., Walnut Creek, Calif., October 1991
348. Barbara Jordan, Jordan and Company, private communication, Concord, Calif., May 6, 1992
349. Amy Vickers, "The Ernerging Demand-Side Era in Water Management," Journal ofthe AWW"A, October 1991
350. Paul F. Levy and William A. Brutsch, MWRA Long Range Water Supply Program (Boston: Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA), 1990)
351. "Boston Delays Water Diversion Plan," New York Times, November 16, 1986
352. Paul Levy, Executive Director, MWRA, presentation at a briefing sponsored by Energy and Environmental Study Institute, Washington, D.C., December 16, 1991
353. Ramesh Bhatia and Malin Falkenmark, "Water Resource Policies and the Urban Poor: Innovative Approaches and Policy Imperatives," prepared for the International Conference on Water and the Environment: Development Issues for the 21st Century, Dublin, Ireland, January 26-31, 1992
354. David B. Brooks et al., "Pricing: A Neglected Tool for Managing Water Demand," Alternatives, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1990
355. "Water, Water-at a Price," The Economist, April 13, 1991
356. Roger McNeill and Donald Tate, Guidelines for Municipal Water Pricing, Social Science Series No. 25 (Ottawa, Canada: 1991)
357. William E. Martin et al., Saving Waterin a DesertCity (Washington, D.C.: Resources for the Future, 1984)
358. IJnda Smith, "Tucson: A Water Ethic in the Desert," U.S. Water News, July 1990
359. Amy Vickers, "Water-Use Efficiency Standards for Plumbing Fixtures: Benefits of National Legislation," Journal of the A WWA, May 1990
360. Conserv 90, "Xeriscape: A Growing Idea in Water Conservation," news release, Dublin, Ohio, February 27, 1990
361. Patricia Wellingham-Jones, "The Dry Garden Comes of Age," Garden, July/August 1986
362. John Olaf Nelson, "Water Conserving Landscapes Show Impressive Savings," in Proceedings of CONSERV 90: The National Conference and Exposition Offering Water Supply Options for the 1990s (Columbus, Ohio: National Ground Water Association, 1990)
363. Raymond Uecker, Executive Director, National Xeriscape Council, Roswell, Ga., private communication, April 1, 1992
364. Dan Charles, "Squeezing the Deserts Dry," New Scientist, September 14, 1991
365. Peter Rogers, "Integrated Urban Water Resources Management," keynote paper, International Conference on Waterand the Environment: Development Issues for the 21st Century, Dublin, Ireland, January 26-31, 1992
366. MWRA, MWRA at Work: Massachusetts Water Resources Authority Annual Report 1990 (Boston, Mass.: 1991)
367. "Leak Detectives Boost Manila Supply," World Water, November 1983
368. Population Reference Bureau (PRB), World Population Estimates and Projections by Single Years: 1750-2100 (Washington, D.C.: 1992)
369. Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard's Almanac, as quoted in John Bartlett, Bartlett's Familiar Quotations, 14th ed. (Boston, Mass.: :Uttle, Brown and Company, 1968)
370. Ronald Cummings et al., Waterworks: Improving Irrigation Management in Mexican Agriculture, WRI Paper 5 (Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute, December 1989)
371. World Bank, Indonesia: Sustainable Development of Forests, Land, and Water (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1990)
372. Robert Repetto, Skimming the Water: Rent-Seeking and the Performance of Public Irrigation Systems, WRI Paper 4 (Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute, December 1986)
373. Asit K. Biswas, "Land and Water Management for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Egypt: Opportunities and Constraints," Government of Egypt, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, and U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, February 1991
374. World Bank, India: Irrigation Sector Review, Vol. I (Washington, D.C.: 1991)
375. M.A. Chitale, "Comprehensive Management of Water Resources: India's Achievements and Perspectives," prepared for World Bank International Workshop on Comprehensive Water Resources Management Policies, Washington, D.C., June 24-28, 1991
376. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, 1987 SummaryStatistics Vol. 1, Water, Land, andRelatedData (Denver, Colo.: 1988)
377. Richard W. Wahl, Marketsfor Federal Water: Subsidies, Property Rights, and the Bureau of Reclamation (Washington, D.C.: Resources forthe Future, 1989)
378. Michael R. Moore and Catherine A. McGuckin, "Program Crop Production and Federal Irrigation Water," in U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service, Agricultural Resources: Cropland, Water, and Conservation Situation and Outlook Report, Washington, D.C., September 1988
379. Islamic norms from Biswas, "Land and Water Management for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Egypt"
380. Montague Keen, "Clearer Thoughts Flow on Irrigation," Geres, May/June 1988
381. John Ambler, Program Officer, Ford Foundation, New Delhi, India, private communication in Washington, D.C., April 2, 1992
382. S.N. Lele and R.K. Patel, "Working for farmer participation in Irrigation Management in Major Irrigation Projects: A Report on Pilot Study in Minor 7 of Mula Project (1987-1991)," Centre for Applied Systems Analysis in Development in collaboration with Irrigation Department, Govemment of Maharashtra, Pune, India, November 1991
383. Marcus Moench, Drawing Down the Buffer: Upcoming Ground Water Issues in India (Oakland, Calif.: Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security, 1991)
384. Sandra Postel, "Califomia's Liquid Deficit," New York Times, February 27, 1991
385. Mare Reisner and Sarah Bates, Overtapped Oasis: Reform or Revolutionfor Western Water Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1990)
386. Robert Reinhold, "Farmers in West May Seil Something More Valuable Than Any Crop: Water," New York Times, April 6, 1992
387. Zhang Zezhen et al., "Challenges to and Opportunities for Development of China's Water Resources in the 21st Century," Water International, March 1992
388. Jehoshua Schwarz, "Israel Water Sector Review: Past Achievements, Current Problems and Future Options," prepared for World Bank by Tahal Consulting Engineers Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel, December 1990
389. Rodney T. Smith and Roger Vaughan, eds., "1991 Annual Transaction Review: Water Comes to Town," Water Strategist (Stratecon, Inc., Claremont, Calif.), January 1992
390. Deborah Moore and Zach Willey, "W ater in the American West: Institutional Evolution and Environmental Restoration in the 21st Century," Colorado Law Review, Vol. 62, No. 4, 1991
391. Elizabeth Checchio, Water Farming: The Promise and Problems of Water Transfers in Arizona (Tucson: University of Arizona, 1988)
392. Gary Thacker, USDA extension agent, College of Agriculture, University of Arizona, Tucson, private communication, July 29, 1991
393. "Arizona Rewrites Groundwater Law," Water Strategist (Stratecon, Inc., Claremont, Calif.), July 1991
394. Bangladesh example from World Bank, "Water Resources Management-A Policy Paper" (draft), Washington, D.C., May 11, 1992
395. Tushaar Shah, "Water Markets and Irrigation Development in lndia," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, July/September 1991
396. "Arizona Rewrites Groundwater Law," Water Strategist (Stratecon, Inc., Claremont, Calif.), July 1991
397. "Arizona Rewrites Groundwater Law," Water Strategist (Stratecon, Inc., Claremont, Calif.), July 1991
398. Smith and Vaughan, "1991 Annual Transaction Review"
399. Wildlife refuge example from "Central Valley Bill Up in Bradley Panel," Weekly Bulletin (Energy and Environmental Study Institute, Washington, D.C.,) May 6, 1991
400. Matthew J. McK.inney et al., "The Proteerion of Instream Flows in Montana: A Legal-Institutional Perspective," in Lawrence J. MacDonnen et al., eds., Instream Flow Protection in the West (Soulder, Colo.: University of Colorado School ofLaw, 1989)
401. Ellen Sullivan Casey, "Water Law-Public Trust Doctrine," Natural Resources Journal, July 1984
402. Harrison C. Dunning, "A New Front in the Water Wars: Introducing the 'Public Trust' Factor," California Journal, May 1983
403. Robert Buderi, "New Plan for Mono Lake," Nature, October 12, 1989
404. "Los Angeles Loses Again in Mono Lake Case," U.S. Water News, February 1990
405. Finney "Judge Rules for Mono, Awards Fees," The Mono Lake Newsletter (The Mono Lake Committee, Lee Vining, Calif.), Fall1991
406. Maynard M. Hufschmidt and David S. McCauley, "Water Resources Management in a River/Lake Basin Context: A Conceptual Framework with Examples from Developing Countries," Water Resources Development, December 1988
407. K. Mahmood, Reservoir Sedimentation: Impact, Extent, and Mitigation (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1987)
408. John B. Doolette and William B. Magrath, eds., Watershed Development inAsia: Strategiesand Technologies (Washington, D.C.: WorldBank, 1990)
409. John B. Doolette and William B. Magrath, eds., Watershed Development inAsia: Strategiesand Technologies (Washington, D.C.: WorldBank, 1990)
410. "New York's Suburbs Urged to Plan for Their Groundwater Future," The Groundwater Newsletter (Water Information Center, Inc., Plainview, N.Y.), February 28, 1991
411. Sarah Meyland, Executive Director, Citizens Campaign for the Environment, Massapequa, N.Y., private communication, April20, 1992
412. Sarah J. Meyland, "Watershed Management Advances Using State-of-the-Art Technologies and Strategies," in Pro ceedings of CONSERV 90: The National Conference and Exposition Offering Water Supply Salutions for the 1990s (Columbus, Ohio: National Ground Water Association, 1990)
413. Leslie Sauer, "Making a Habit ofRestoration: Saving the Bastern Deciduous Forest," Andropogon Associates, Ltd., Philadelphia, Pa., unpublished, October 1990
414. Long Island Regional Planning Board, Nonpoint Source Management Handbook (Hauppauge, N.Y.: 1984)
415. Richard W. Robbins et al., "Effective Watershed Management for Surface Water Supplies," Journal of the A WW A, December 1991
416. "The Land Ethic," in Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (New York: Oxford University Press, 1949)
417. M.A. Abu-Zeid and M.A. Rady, "Egypt's Water Resources Management and Policies," prepared for World Bank International Workshop on Comprehensive Water Resources Management Policies, Washington, D.C., June 24-28, 1991
418. Population Reference Bureau (PRB), 1992 World Population Data Sheet (Washington, D.C.: 1992)
419. Joseph Christmas and Carel de Rooy, "The Decade and Beyond: At a Glance," Water International, September 1991
420. Ruth Leger Sivard, World Mz1itary and Social Expenditures 1991 (Washington, D.C.: World Priorities, 1991)
421. Maher F. Abu Taleb et al., "Water Resources Planning and Development in Jordan: Problems, Future Scenarios, Recommendations" (draft), Jordan Country Paper, World Bank, Washington, D.C., June 1991
422. Thomas Naff, "The Jordan Basin: Political, Economic, and Institutional Issues," prepared for World Bank International Workshop on Comprehensive Water Resources Management Policies, Washington, D.C., June 24-28, 1991
423. Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association, Facts & Figures '90 (Detroit, Mich.: 1990)
424. Gary Allie, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, D.C., private communication, April 27, 1992
425. U .S. Bureau of the Census, 1982 Census of Manufacturers, Water Use in Manufacturing (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1983, issued March 1986)
426. U.N. Industrial Development Organization, Industry and Development, Global Report 1990/91 (Vienna: 1990)
427. U.S. Department of Ariculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, World Gereals Used for Feed (unpublished printout) (Washington, D.C.: 1991)
428. Marcia Kreith, "Water Inputs in California Food Production," prepared for Water Education Foundation, Davis, Calif., September 1991
429. World Resources Institute, World Resources 1992-93 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992)
430. Ministry of Natural Resources, "Ontario Announces Strategy To Reduce Water Consumption and Use Water Wisely," News Release, Toronto, Ont., Canada, August 19, 1991