X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of petroleum fuel cokes

Surface and Interface Analysis

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 223-236

  Jimenez Mateos J M ^a   Fierro, J L G ^b  

^a REPSOL YPF   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTO DE CATÁLISIS Y PETROLEOQUÍMICA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCINATION; CARBONIZATION; GRINDING (COMMINUTION); HIGH TEMPERATURE OPERATIONS; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; OXIDATION; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); THERMAL EFFECTS; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

BINDING ENERGIES; INDUSTRIAL PETROLEUM FUEL COKES; PYRIDINIC GROUPS; PYRROLIC GROUPS;

PETROLEUM COKE;

EID: 85047672582     PISSN: 01422421     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199604)24:4<223::AID-SIA105>3.3.CO;2-D     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. J R Brown, B. I Kronberg and W. S. Fyfe. Fuel 60, 439 (1981).
2. T. T. P. Cheung, J Appl. Phys. 53, 6857 (1982)
3. D T Clark, R. Wilson and J M. E. Quirke, Chem. Geol 39, 215 (1983).
4. D. L. Perry and A. Grint, Fuel 62, 1024 (1983)
5. D. T. Clark and R. Wilson, Fuel 62, 1034 (1983).
6. D. T Clark and R Wilson, Org. Geochem. 6, 455 (1984).
7. J P. Boudou, J. Boulegue, L. Malechaux, M. Nip, J. W. De Leeuw and J. J. Boon, Fuel 66, 1558 (1987)
8. K D Bartle, D. L. Perry and S. Wallace, Fuel Process. Technol. 15, 351 (1987).
9. M. M. Wu, G. A. Robbins, R. A. Winschel and F. P. Burke, Energy Fuels 2, 150 (1988).
10. A R. Gonzalez Elipe, A Martinez Alonso and J. M. D. Tascȯn, Surf Interface Anal. 12, 565 (1988).
11. S. Wallace, K. D. Bartle, M. Baxby, N. Taylor, B. B. Majchrowicz, J. Yperman, H. J. Martens and J. Gelan, Preprints ACS Div.Fuel Chem. 34(3), 721 (1989).
12. S. R. Kelemen, G N. George and M. L. Gorbaty, Preprints ACS Div.Fuel Chem. 34(3), 729 (1989).
13. S. L Kelemen and H. Freund, Energy Fuels 3. 498 (1989)
14. P Burchill and L S. Welch, Fuel 68, 100 (1989).
15. S. Wallace, K. D. Bartle and D. L. Perry, Fuel 68, 1450 (1989).
16. J. P. Baltrus, J. R. Diehl, J. D'Este and E. P. Ladner, Fuel 69, 117 (1990).
17. S R. Kelemen, G N. George and M L. Gorbaty, Fuel Process. Technol. 24, 425 (1990).
18. S. R. Kelemen, G. N George and M L Gorbaty, Fuel 69, 939 (1990).
19. M.L. Gorbaty, G. N. George and S. R. Kelemen, Fuel 69, 1065 (1990).
20. C. L. Weitzsacker and J. A. Gardella, Jr., Anal. Chem. 64, 1068 (1992)
21. R Fiedler and D. Bendler, Fuel 71, 381 (1992).
22. M. L. Gorbaty, S. R Kelemen, G. N George and P. J. Kwiatek, Fuel 71, 1255 (1992)
23. M. A. Wojtowicz, J. R. Pels, A. D. Van Langeveld, W. G. Sloof and J. A Moulijn, in Proceedings of the International Carbon Conference, Essen, Germany, p 52 (1992).
24. L. R. Hittle, A. Sharkey, M. Houalla, A. Proctor, D. M. Hercules and B. I. Morsi, Fuel 72, 771 (1993).
25. J. L Garcia Fierro, J. M. Palacios, R Moliner and J. V. Ibarra, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Coal Science, Banff, Canada, p. 489 (1993)
26. R. M. Davidson, Fuel 73, 988 (1994).
27. J. R Pels, M. A. Wojtowicz, F. Kapteijn, A. D. Van Langeveld and J A. Moulijn, in Proceedings of the Carbon'94, Granada, Spain, p. 50 (1994).
28. J. R. Pels, PhD Thesis, Chapt. 7, pp. 199-256 University of Delft, The Netherlands (1995).
29. T Matsumoto and I. Mochida, Carbon 30, 1041 (1992).
30. R. Schlögl and H. P. Boehm, Carbon 21, 345 (1983).
31. A. A. Galuska, H. H. Madden and R E Allred, Appl Surf Sci. 32, 253 (1988).
32. M Nakahara and Y. Sanada, J. Mater. Sci. 28, 1327 (1993).
33. W. Jianqi and L Jianmin, in Proceedings of the 18th Biennal Conference on Carbon, Worcester, MA, p 304 (1987).
34. B. Stöhr, H. P. Boehm and R. Schlögl, Carbon 29, 707 (1991).
35. F. Atamny, J. Blöcker, A. Dübotzky, H. Kurt, O. Timpe, G. Loose, W. Mahdi and R. Schlögl, Mol. Phys. 76, 851 (1992).
36. A Ishitani, Carbon 19, 269 (1981).
37. A. Proctor and P M. A. Sherwood, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 27, 39 (1982).
38. A Proctor and P. M. A Sherwood, Surf Interface Anal. 4, 212 (1982).
39. A Proctor and P M. A. Sherwood, Carbon 21, 53 (1983).
40. T. Takahagi and A. Ishitani, Carbon 22, 43 (1984).
41. C. Kozlowski and P. M. A. Sherwood, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 80, 2099 (1984).
42. C. Kozlowski and P. M. A. Sherwood, J. Chem Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 81, 2745 (1985)
43. C Kozlowski and P. M. A. Sherwood, Carbon 24, 357 (1986).
44. K Morita, Y. Murata, A. Ishitani, K. Murayama, T. Ono and A. Nakajima, Pure Appl. Chem. 58, 455 (1986).
45. J. Harvey, C. Kozlowski and P. M. A. Sherwood, J. Mater. Sci. 22, 1585 (1987).
46. T. Takahagi and A. Ishitani, Carbon 26, 389 (1988).
47. Y Xie and P M A. Sherwood, Chem Mater. 1, 427 (1989).
48. Y Xie and P. M. A. Sherwood, Appl Spectrosc. 44, 797 (1990)
49. Y. Xie and P M A. Sherwood, Appl. Spectrosc. 44, 1621 (1990).
50. C. Jones and E Sammann, Carbon 28, 509 (1990).
51. C Jones and E. Sammann, Carbon 28, 515 (1990)
52. A. Yoshida, I. Tanahashi and A. Nishino, Carbon 28, 611 (1990)
53. Y. Xie and P. M. A. Sherwood, Chem. Mater. 2, 293 (1990).
54. E. Desimoni, G. I. Casella, A. Morone and A. M. Salvi, Surf. Interface Anal 15, 627 (1990).
55. E. Desimoni, G. I. Casella, A. M. Salvi, T. R. I. Cataldi and A. Morone, Carbon 30, 527 (1992).
56. E. Desimoni, G. I. Casella, T. R. I. Cataldi, A. M. Salvi, T. Rotunno and E. Di Croce, Surf. Interface Anal. 18, 623 (1992).
57. R H Bradley, X Ling, I Sutherland and G Beamson, Carbon 31, 185 (1993).
58. R H. Bradley, X. Ling and I. Sutherland, Carbon 31, 1115 (1993).
59. R. J. Smiley and W. N. Delgass, J. Mater. Sci. 28, 3601 (1993).
60. E. Desimoni, E. Salvi, G I Casella and D Damiano, Surf. Interface Anal. 20, 909 (1993)
61. J Mahy, L. W. Jenneskens, O. Grabandt, A. Venema and G. D. B. Van Houwelingen, Surf. Interface Anal. 21, 1 (1994).
62. S. Evans and J. M. Thomas, Proc. R Soc. London 353, 103 (1977).
63. S. S. Lin, Carbon 31, 509 (1993).
64. I. M. Luk'yanov, A. V. Shchukarev, E. P. Smirnov and V. B. Aleskovskii, Theor. Exp. Chem. 25, 454 (1989).
65. J. M. Jiménez Mateos and J. L. G. Fierro, in Proceedings of the Carbon'94, Granada, Spain, p 156 (1994).
66. E. Romero Palazón, Repsol Internal Report, RECO-1/93, 9/ 23108D (1993).
67. J. M. Jiménez Mateos and C. Rial, in Proceedings of the Carbon'94, Granada, Spain, p. 162 (1994).
68. A. A. Galuska, H. H Madden and R. E. Allred, Appl. Surf. Sci 32, 253 (1988).
69. C D Wagner, W. M Riggs, L. E. Davis, J. F. Moulder and G E Muilenberg, in Handbook of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Perkin-Elmer, Eden Prairie, MN (1978).
70. G. Barth, R. Linder and C. Bryson, Surf. Interface Anal. 11, 307 (1988).
71. H. Ge, G. Qi, E. T. Kang and K. G. Neoh, Polymer 35, 504 (1994).
72. R. J. Smiley and W N Delgass, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 305, 129 (1993).
73. J. A. Gardella Jr, S A. Ferguson and R. L Chin, Appl. Spectrosc. 40, 224 (1986).
74. C. Kozlowski and P. M. A. Sherwood, Carbon 25, 751 (1987).
75. P. G Gassman, M. R Callstrom, J. C. Martin and J C. Rongione, J Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 8724 (1988).
76. H P. Boehm, Carbon 32, 759 (1994).
77. V V. Strelko and Y. D Lavrinenko-Ometsinskaya, J. Mol. Struct. Theochem. 188, 193 (1989).
78. D. C. Frost, W. R Leeder and R. L. Tapping, Fuel 53, 206 (1974).
79. M Kasrai, G. M. Bancroft, R. W. Brunner, R. G. Jonasson, J. R Brown, K. H. Tan and X. Feng, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 2865 (1994).
80. H. Marsh, P M. A. Sherwood and D. Augustyn, Fuel 55, 98 (1976)
81. J. M. Jiménez Mateos, E Romero and C. Gómez de Salazar, Carbon 31, 1159 (1993)
82. B. B. Majchrowicz, J. Yperman, J Mullens and L. C Van Poucke, Anal Chem 63, 760 (1991)
83. B B Majchrowicz, J. Yperman, G. Reggers, J. P. Françoise, J. Gelan, H. J. Martens, J. Mullens and L. C. Van Poucke, Fuel Process Technol 15, 363 (1987).
84. C. J. Lafferty, S. C. Mitchell, R. Garcia and C E. Snape. Fuel 72, 367 (1993)
85. S. Hoffmann, in Practical Surface Analysis, Vol. 1 : Auger and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Edited by D. Briggs and M. P. Seah, Chapt. 4, pp. 143-199. Wiley, Chichester (1990).
86. R. H. Bragg, in Proceedings of the International Carbon Conference, Essen, Germany, p. 192 (1992).
87. J. Casanovas, J M. Ricart, J. Rubio, F. Illas and J. Jiménez-Mateos, J. Am. Chem. Soc., submitted