Thrombophilia testing in people with venous thromboembolism: Systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis

Health Technology Assessment

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2009, Pages

  Simpson, E L ^a   Stevenson, M D ^a   Radwin, A ^a   Papaioannou, D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTITHROMBIN; BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 5 LEIDEN; CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODY; HEPARIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT; PROTEIN C; PROTEIN S; PROTHROMBIN; WARFARIN;

AGE; ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ANTICOAGULATION; BLEEDING; BLOOD CLOTTING; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL TRIAL; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; COST UTILITY ANALYSIS; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DRUG COST; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; GENE MUTATION; HEALTH CARE COST; HETEROZYGOSITY; HOMOZYGOSITY; HUMAN; LIFE EXPECTANCY; LUNG EMBOLISM; META ANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; PROBABILITY; QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR; RECURRENCE RISK; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEX DIFFERENCE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOPHILIA; TREATMENT DURATION; VEIN THROMBOSIS; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ECONOMICS; MASS SCREENING; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

AGE FACTORS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HUMANS; MASS SCREENING; QUALITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, BIOMEDICAL; THROMBOPHILIA; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VENOUS THROMBOSIS;

EID: 85044710251     PISSN: 13665278     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3310/hta13020     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. Crowther MA, Kelton JG. Congenital thrombophilic states associated with venous thrombosis: a qualitative overview and proposed classification system. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:128-34.
2. Lane DA, Mannucci PM, Bauer KA, Bertina RM, Bochkov NP, Boulyjenkov V, et al. Inherited thrombophilia: part 1. Thromb Haemost 1996;76:651-62.
3. Bushnell C, Goldstein LB. Screening for hypercoagulable syndromes following stroke. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2003;5:291-8.
4. Emmerich I, Henc-Gelas M, Aiach M, Fiessinger JN. Resistance to activated protein C: role in venous and arterial thrombosis. Biomed Pharmacother 1996;50:254-60.
5. Pineo GF, Hull RD. Thrombopbilia: disorders predisposing to venous thromboembolism. Baillieres Clin Haematol 1998;11:525-40.
6. De Stefano V, Finazzi G, Mannucci PM. Inherited thrombophilia: pathogenesis, clinical syndromes, and management. Blood 1996; 87:3531-44.
7. Storti S, Crucitti P, Cina G. Risk factors and prevention of venous thromboembolism. Rays 1996;21:439-60.
8. Franco RF, Reitsma PH. Genetic risk factors of venous thrombosis. Hum Genet 2001;109:369-84.
9. Dickey TL. Can thromhophilia testing help to prevent recurrent VTE? Part 2. JAPPA 2002;15:23-9.
10. Merli GJ. Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis, thrombophilia, and the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis - pulmonary embolism in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med 2006;22:75-92.
11. British Heart Foundation. Factfile 2-2002. Thrombophilia. URL: www.bhf.org.uk/professionals/index.asp?secID=15&secondlevel= 471&thirdlevel=538&artID=2599 2002.
12. Perry SL, Ortel TL. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of thrombophilia. Clin Chest Med 2003;24:153-70.
13. Vossen CY, Conard J, Fontcuberta J, Makris M, van der Meer FJM, Pabinger I, et al. Familial thrombophilia and lifetime risk of venous thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2004;2:1526-32.
14. van Dongen CJJ, Van den Belt AGM, Prins MH, Lensing AWA. Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;3:CD001100.
15. Merriman L, Greaves M. Testing for thrombophilia: an evidence-based approach. Postgrad Med J 2006;82:699-704.
16. Mateo J, Oliver A, Borrell M, Sala N, Fontcuberta J. Laboratory evaluation and clinical characteristics of 2,132 consecutive unselected patients with venous thromboembolism - results of the Spanish Multicentric Study on Thrombophilia (EMET-Study). Thromb Haemost 1997;77:444-51.
17. Walker ID, Greaves M, Preston FE. Investigation and management of heritable thrombophilia. Br J Haematol 2001;114:512-28.
18. Kearon C, Gent M, Hirsh J, Weitz J, Kovacs MJ, Anderson DR, et al. A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 1999;340:901-7.
19. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. SIGN Publication No. 62. Edinburgh: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network; 2002. pp. 1-47.
20. Goldhaber SZ. Pulmonary embolism. Lancet 2004;363:1295-305.
21. Kolbach DN, Sandbrink MWC, Neumann HAM, Prins MH. Compression therapy for treating stage I and II (Widmer) post-thrombotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;4:CD004177.
22. Watson LJ, Armon MP. Thrombolysis for acute deep vein thrombosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;3:CD002783.
23. Stain M, Schonauer V, Minar E, Bialonczyk C, Hirschl M, Weltermann A, et al. The post-thrombotic syndrome: risk factors and impact on the course of thrombotic disease. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:2671-6.
24. Baglin T, Cousins D, Keeling DM, Perry DJ, Watson HG. Recommendations from the British Committee for Standards in Haematology and National Patient Safety Agency. Br J Haematol 2006;136:26-9.
25. Cosmi B, Palareti G. Oral anticoagulant therapy in venous thromboembolism. Semin Vasc Med 2003;3:303-14.
26. British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Guidelines on oral anticoagulation: third edition 2005 update. Br J Haematol 2005; 101:374-87.
27. Devine DV, Brigden ML. The antiphospholipid syndrome: when does the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies require therapy? Postgrad Med 1996;99:105-8.
28. Kearon C, Ginsberg JS, Kovacs MJ, Anderson DR, Wells P, Julian JA, et al. Comparison of low-intensity warfarin therapy with conventional-intensity warfarin therapy for long-term prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:631-19.
29. National Screening Committee. National Screening Committee policy - thrombophilia screening. 2006. URL: www.library.nhs.uk/screening/ ViewResource.aspx?resID=61161&tabID=288.
30. Wu O, Robertson L, Twaddle S, Lowe GDO, Clark P, Greaves M, et al. Screening for thrombophilia in high-risk situations: systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. The Thrombosis: Risk and Economic Assessment of Thrombophilia Screening (TREATS) study. Health Technol Assess 2006;10(11).
31. The British Society for Haemostasis and Thrombosis (BSHT) submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia testing. 2006.
32. Ridker PM, Goldhaber SZ, Danielson E, Rosenberg Y, Eby CS, Deitcher SR, et al. Long-term, low-intensity warfarin therapy for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1425-34.
33. Santamaria MG, Agnelli G, Taliani MR, Prandoni P, Moia M, Bazzan M, et al. and Warfarin Optimal Duration Italian Trial (WODIT) investigators. Thrombophilic abnormalities and recurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients treated with standardized anticoagulant treatment. Thromb Res 2005;116:301-6.
34. Schulman S, Wahlander K, Lundstrom T, Clason SB, Eriksson H. Secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1713-21.
35. Wahlander K, Eriksson H, Lundstrom T, Billing Clason S, Wall U, Nystrom P, et al. Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism or bleeding in relation to thrombophilic risk factors in patients receiving ximelagatran or placebo for long-term secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism. Br J Haematol 2006;133:68-77.
36. The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia testing. 2006.
37. Jennings I, Kitchen S, Woods TA, Preston FE. Multilaboratory testing in thrombophilia through the United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Scheme (Blood Coagulation) Quality Assurance Program. Semin Thromb Hemost 2005;31:66-72.
38. Baglin T. Management of thrombophilia: who to screen? Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 2003;33:401-4.
39. Clinical Leaders of Thrombosis (CLOT) submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia testing appraisal. 2006.
40. Royal College of Nursing (RCN) submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence -thrombophilia testing evidence submission. 2006.
41. Christiansen SC, Cannegieter SC, Koster T, Vandenbroucke JP, Rosendaal FR. Thrombophilia, clinical factors, and recurrent venous thrombotic events. JAMA 2005;293:2352-61.
42. De Stefano V, Martinelli I, Mannucci PM, Paciaroni K, Chiusolo P, Casorelli I, et al. The risk of recurrent deep venous thrombosis among heterozygous carriers of both factor V Leiden and the G20210A prothrombin mutation. N Engl J Med 1999;341:801-6.
43. De Stefano V, Martinelli I, Mannucci PM, Paciaroni K, Rossi E, Chiusolo P, et al. The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism among heterozygous carriers of the G20210A prothrombin gene mutation. Br J Haematol 2001;113:630-5.
44. Eichinger S, Stumpflen A, Hirschl M, Bialonczyk C, Herkner K, Stain M, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor of recurrent venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 1998;80:566-9.
45. Legnani C, Cosmi B, Cini M, Frascaro M, Guazzaloca G, Palareti G. High plasma levels of factor VIII and risk of recurrence of venous thromboembolism. Br J Haematol 2004;124:504-10.
46. Legnani C, Mattarozzi S, Cini M, Cosmi B, Favaretto E, Palareti G. Abnormally short activated partial thromboplastin time values are associated with increased risk of recurrence of venous thromboembolism after oral anticoagulation withdrawal. Br J Haematol 2006; 134:227-32.
47. Ho WK, Hankey GJ, Quinlan DJ, Eikelboom JW. Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with common thrombophilia: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:729-36.
48. Lindmarker P, Schulman S, Sten-Linder M, Wiman B, Egberg N, Johnsson H. The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in carriers and non-carriers of the G1691A allele in the coagulation factor V gene and the G20210A allele in the prothrombin gene. Thromb Haemost 1999; 81:684-9.
49. Prandoni P, Lensing AWA, Cogo A, Cuppini S, Villalta S, Carta M, et al. The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis. Ann Intern Med 1996;125:1-7.
50. Kyrle PA, Minar E, Bialonczyk C, Hirschl M, Weltermann A, Eichinger S. The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in men and women. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2558-63.
51. Cushman M, Glynn RJ, Goldhaber SZ, Moll S, Bauer KA, Deitcher SR, et al. Hormonal factors and risk of recurrent venous thrombosis: the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism trial. J Thromb Haemost 2006;4:2199-203.
52. McRae S, Tran H, Schulman S, Ginsberg J, Kearon C. Effect of patient's sex on risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2006;368:371-8.
53. Office for National Statistics. Interim life tables, United Kingdom 2003-2005. London: Office for National Statistics; 2006.
54. Kind P Dolan P, Gudex C, Williams A. Variations in population health status: results from a United Kingdom national questionnaire survey. BMJ 1998;316:736-41.
55. Prins MH, Hutton BA, Koopman MMW, Buller HR. Long-term treatment of venous thromboembolic disease. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82:892-8.
56. Simioni P, Prandoni P, Lensing AWA, Manfrin D, Tormene D, Gavasso S, et al. Risk for subsequent venous thromboembolic complications in carriers of the prothrombin or the factor V gene mutation with a first episode of deep-vein thrombosis. Blood 2000;96:3329-33.
57. Keeling D. Duration of anticoagulation: decision making based on absolute risk. Blood Rev 2006;20:173-8.
58. Marchetti M, Pistorio A, Barosi G, Marchetti M, Pistorio A, Barosi G. Extended anticoagulation for prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism in carriers of factor V Leiden - cost-effectiveness analysis [erratum appears in Thromb Haemost 2000;84:1112]. Thromb Haemost 2000;84:752-7.
59. Goodacre S, Sampson F, Stevenson M, Wailoo A, Sutton A, Thomas S, et al. Measurement of the clinical and cost-effectiveness of non-invasive diagnostic testing strategies for deep vein thrombosis. Health Technol Assess 2006;10(15).
60. Goodacre S, Stevenson M, Wailoo A, Sampson F, Sutton AJ, Thomas S. How should we diagnose suspected deep vein thrombosis? QJM 2006; 99:377-88.
61. Douketis JD, Kearon C, Bates SM, Duku EK, Ginsberg JS. Risk of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with treated venous thromboembolism. JAMA 1998;279:458-62.
62. Linkins LA, Choi PT, Douketis JD. Clinical impact of bleeding in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy in venous thromboembolism. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:893-900.
63. Quinones-Hinojosa A, Mittul G, Vineeta S, Lawton MT. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage due to coagulation disorders. Neurosurg Focus 2003;15:E3.
64. Goldhaber SZ, Grasso-Correnti N. Treatment of blood clots. Circulation 2002;106:138-40.
65. Auerbach AD, Sanders GD, Hambleton J. Cost-effectiveness of testing for hypercoagulability and effects on treatment strategies in patients with deep vein thrombosis. Am J Med 2004;116:816-28.
66. National Office of Public Health Genomics. Analytic validity. URL: www.cdc.gov/genomics/gtesting/file/print/FBR/VTE_AnalVal.pdf (last accessed March 2007).
67. British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. British national formulary (BNF). No. 52, 2006. London: BMA and RPS; 2006.
68. Curtis L, Netten A. Unit costs of health and social care 2006. PSSRU, University of Kent; 2006.
69. Department of Health. NHS reference costs 2005-06. London: Department of Health; 2006.
70. Sandercock P, Berge E, Dennis M, Forbes J, Hand P, Kwan J. A systematic review of the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and barriers to implementation of thrombolytic and neuroprotective therapy for acute ischaemic stroke in the NHS. Health Technol Assess 2002; 6(26).
71. Gage BF, Cardinalli AB, Owens DK. The effect of stroke and stroke prophylaxis with aspirin or warfarin on quality of life. Arch Intern Med 1996;156:1829-36.
72. O'Meara JJ, McNutt RA, Evans AT, Moore SW, Downs SM. A decision analysis of streptokinase plus heparin as compared to heparin alone for deep vein thrombosis. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1864-9.
73. National Institute for Clinical Excellence. Guide to the methods of technology appraisal. London: NICE; 2004.
74. Claxton K, Sculpher M, McCabe C, Briggs A, Buxton M, Brazier J, et al. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis for NICE technology assessment: not an optional extra. Health Economics 2005; 14:339-47.
75. Fenwick E, Claxton K, Sculpher M. Representing uncertainty: the role of cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Health Econ 2001; 10:779-87.
76. Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Pathologists submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia testing. 2006.
77. Campbell IA, Bentley DP, Prescott RJ, Routledge PA, Shetty HGM, Williamson IJ. Anticoagulation for three versus six months in patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or both: randomised trial. BMJ 2007;334:674-80.
78. Sysmex UK Ltd and Dade Behring submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia. 2006.
79. Bio-Rad submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia. 2006.
80. CDG UK submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia. 2006.
81. AxisShield submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia. 2006.
82. Trinity Biotech submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia. 2006.
83. Instrumentation Laboratory submission to the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence - thrombophilia. 2006.
84. Simioni P, Prandoni P, Lensing AW, Scudeller A, Sardella C, Prins MH, et al. The risk of recurrent venous thromboernlism in patients with an Arg506->Gln mutation in the gene for factor V (factor V Leiden). N Engl J Med 1997;336:399-403.
85. Aujesky D, Smith KJ, Roberts MS. Oral anticoagulation strategies after a first idiopathic venous thromboembolic event. Am J Med 2005; 118:625-35.
86. Eckman MH, Singh SK, Erban JK, Kao G. Testing for factor V Leiden in patients with pulmonary or venous thromboembolism: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Med Decis Making 2002;22:108-24.
87. Marchetti M, Quaglini S, Barosi G. Cost-effectiveness of screening and extended anticoagulation for carriers of both factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A. QfM 2001;94:365-72.
88. Boccalon H, Elias A, Chalé JJ, Cadène A, Gabriel S. Clinical outcome and cost of hospital vs home treatment of proximal deep vein thrombosis with a low-molecular-weight heparin: the Vascular Midi-Pyrenees study. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:1769-73.