Large igneous provinces: A planetary perspective

Geophysical Monograph Series

Volumn 100, Issue , 1997, Pages 411-438

  Head, James W ^a   Coffin, Millard F ^b  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85040163049     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/GM100p0411     Document Type: Chapter

References (173)

1. Alt, D., J. M. Sears, and D. W. Hyndman, Terrestrial maria: The origins of large basaltic plateaus, hotspot tracks and speading ridges, J. Geol., 96, 647-662, 1988.
2. Baker, V. R., G. Komatsu, T. J. Parker, V. C. Gulick, J. S. Kargel, and J. S. Lewis, Channels and valleys on Venus: Preliminary analysis of Magellan data, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,421-13,444, 1992.
3. Banerdt, W. B., M. P. Golombek, and K. L. Tanaka, Stress and tectonics on Mars, in Mars, edited by H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 249-297, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992.
4. Barger, K. E., and E. D. Jackson, Calculated volumes of individual shield volcanoes along the Hawaiian-Emperor Chain, J. Res., U.S. Geol. Surv., 2, 545-550, 1974.
5. Basaltic Volcanism Study Project, Basaltic Volcanism on the Terrestrial Planets, 1286 pp., Pergamon Press, New York, 1981.
6. Basilevsky, A. T., and J. W. Head, Global stratigraphy of Venus: Analysis of a random sample of thirty-six test areas, Earth, Moon and Planets, 66, 285-336, 1995a.
7. Basilevsky, A. T., and J. W. Head, Regional and global stratigraphy of Venus: A preliminary assessment and implications for the geologic history of Venus, Planet. Space Sci., 43, 1523-1553, 1995b.
8. Basilevsky, A. T., and J. W. Head, Evidence for rapid and widespread emplacement of volcanic plains on Venus: Strati- graphic studies in the Baltis Vallis region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 1497-1500, 1996.
9. Bercovici, D., and J. Mahoney, Double flood basalts and plume head separation at the 660-kilometer discontinuity, Science, 266, 1367-1369, 1994.
10. Bratt, S. R., S. C. Solomon, and J. W. Head, The evolution of impact basins: Cooling, subsidence, and thermal stress, 90, 12,415-12,433, 1985.
11. Bruno, B. C., G. J. Taylor, S. K. Rowland, P. G. Lucey, and S. Self, Lava flows are fractals, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 305-308, 1992.
12. Bullock, M. A., and D. H. Grinspoon, The stability of climate on Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 7521-7529, 1996.
13. Burns, J. A., and M. S. Matthews, editors, Satellites, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1021 pp, 1986.
14. Cameron, A. G. W., B. Fegley Jr., W. Benz, and W. L. Slattery, The strange density of Mercury: Theoretical considerations, in Mercury, edited by F. Vilas, C. R. Chapman, M. S. Matthews, pp. 692-708, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1988.
15. Carr, M. H., Volcanism on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 4049-4062, 1973.
16. Carr, M. H., The role of lava erosion in the formation of lunar rilles and martian channels, Icarus, 22, 1-23, 1974.
17. Carr, M. H., The Surface of Mars, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, p. 232, 1981.
18. Chapman, C. R., Mercury: Introduction to an end-member planet, in Mercury, edited by F. Vilas, C. R. Chapman, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 1-23, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1988.
19. Coffin, M. F., and O. Eldholm, Volcanism and continental breakup: A global compilation of large igneous provinces, in Magmatism and the Causes of Continental Break-Up, Spec. Publ. 68, edited by B. C. Storey, T. Alabaster, and R. J. Pankhurst, pp. 21-34, The Geological Society, London, 1992.
20. Coffin, M. F., and O. Eldholm, Scratching the surface: Estimating dimensions of large igneous provinces, Geology, 21, 515-518, 1993.
21. Coffin, M. F., and O. Eldholm, Large igneous provinces: Crustal structure, dimensions, and external consequences, Rev. Geophysics, 32, 1-36, 1994.
22. Comer, R., S. Solomon, and J. W. Head, Mars: Thickness of the lithosphere from the tectonic response to volcanic loads, J. Geophys. Res., 23, 61-92, 1985.
23. Condie, K. C., Episodic ages of greenstones: A key to mantle dynamics?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2215-2218, 1995.
24. Crisp, J. A., Rates of magma emplacement and volcanic output, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 20, 177-211, 1984.
25. Cruikshank, D. P., The Development of Studies of Venus, in Venus, edited by D. M. Hunten, L. Colin, T. M. Donahue, and V. I. Moroz, pp. 1-9, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1983.
26. Crumpler, L. S., J. W. Head, and D. B. Campbell, Orogenic belts on Venus, Geology, 14, 1031-1034, 1986.
27. Crumpler, L. S., J. W. Head, and J. C. Aubele, Relation to major volcanic center concentration on Venus to global tectonic patterns, Science, 261, 591-595, 1993.
28. Crumpler, L. S., J. C. Aubele, and C. D. Condit, Volcanoes and neotectonic characteristics of the Springerville volcanic field, Arizona, New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 45th Field Conference, Mogollon Slope, West-Central New Mexico and East-Central New Mexico, 147-164, 1994.
29. Crumpler, L. S., J. W. Head, and J. C. Aubele, Calderas on Mars: Characteristics, structural evolution, and associated flank structures, in Volcano Instability on the Earth and Other Planets, Spec. Publ. 110, edited by W. J. McGuire, A. P. Jones, and J. Neuberg, eds., pp. 307-348, The Geological Society, London, 1996.
30. Crumpler, L. S., J. C. Aubele, D. A. Senske, S. T. Keddie, K. P. Magee, and J. W. Head, Volcanoes and centers of volcanism on Venus, Venus II, University of Arizona Press (in press), 1997.
31. Erickson, S. G., and J. Arkani-Hamed, Impingement of mantle plumes on the lithosphere: Contrast between Earth and Venus, Geophys. Res. Lett, 19, 885-888, 1992.
32. Ernst, R. E., J. W. Head, E. Parfitt, E. Grofils, and L. Wilson, Giant radiating dyke swarms on Earth and Venus, Earth-Sci. Rev., 39, 1-58, 1995.
33. Esposito, P. B., W. B. Banerdt, G. F. Lindal, W. L. Sjogren, M. A. Slade, B. G. Bills, D. E. Smith, and G. Balmino, Gravity and topography, in Mars, edited by H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C.W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 209-248, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992.
34. Feighner, M., and M. Richards, Lithospheric structure and compensation mechanisms of the Galapagos Archipelago, J. Geophys Res., 99, 6711-6729, 1994.
35. Finnerty, A. A., R. J. Phillips, and W. B. Banerdt, Igneous processes and the closed system evolution of the Tharsis region of Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 10,225-10,235, 1988.
36. Frey, H., Crustal evolution of the early Earth: The role of major impacts, Precamb. Res., 10, 195-216, 1980.
37. Glazner, A., and W. Ussier, Trapping of magma at midcrustal density discontinuities, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 673-675, 1988.
38. Goettel, K. A., Present bounds on the bulk composition of Mercury: Implications for the planetary formation process, in Mercury, edited by F. Vilas, C. R. Chapman, M. S. Matthews, pp. 613-621, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1988.
39. Greeley, R., Lunar Hadley Rille: Considerations of its origin, Science, 172, 722-725, 1971.
40. Greeley, R., Release of juvenile water on Mars: Estimated amounts and timing associated with volcanism, Science, 236, 1653-1654, 1987.
41. Greeley, R., and J. E. Guest, Geologic map of the eastern equatorial region of Mars, U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Inv. Series Map I-1802-B, 1987.
42. Greeley, R., M. J. S. Belton, L. R. Gaddis, J. W. Head, S. D. Kadel, A. S. McEwen, S. L. Murchie, G. Neukum, C. M. Pieters, J. M. Sunshine, and D. A. Williams, Galileo imaging observations of lunar maria and related deposits, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 17,183-17,205, 1993.
43. Grieve, R. A. F., Impact bombardment and its role in protocontinental growth on the early Earth, Precamb. Res., 10, 217-248, 1980.
44. Grieve, R. A. F., and E. M. Parmentier, Impact phenomena as factors in the evolution of the Earth, Proc. 27th Int. Geol. Cong, 19, VNU Science Press, 99-114, 1984.
45. Grieve, R. A. F., P. B. Robertson, and M. R. Dence, Constraints on the formation of ring impact structures, based on terrestrial data, in Multi-Ring Basins, edited by P. H. Schultz and R. B. Merrill, pp. 37-57, Pergamon, New York, 1991a.
46. Grieve, R. A. F., D. Stoffler, and A. Deutsch, The Sudbury Structure: Controversial or misunderstood?, J. Geophys. Res., 22,753-22,764, 1991b.
47. Griffiths, R. W., and I. H. Campbell, Interaction of mantle plume heads with the Earth's surface and onset of small-scale convection, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 18,295-18,310, 1991.
48. Grosfils, E. B., and J. W. Head, The global distribution of giant radiating dike swarms on Venus: Implications for the global stress state, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 701-704, 1994.
49. Grosfils, E. B., and J. W. Head, Radiating dike swarms on Venus: Evidence for emplacement at zones of neutral buoyancy, Planet. Space Sci., 43, 1555-1560, 1995.
50. Guest, J. E., Centers of igneous activity in the maria, in Geology and Geophysics of the Moon, edited by G. Fielder, pp. 41-53, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1971.
51. Hall, J. L., S. C. Solomon, and J. W. Head, Elysium Region, Mars: Tests of lithospheric loading models for the formation of tectonic features, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 11,377-11,392, 1986.
52. Hartmann, W. K., Martian cratering V: Toward an empirical Martian chronology, and its implications, Geophys. Res. Lett., 5, 450-452, 1978.
53. Head, J. W., Orientale multi-ringed basin interior and implications for the petrogenesis of lunar highland samples, The Moon, 11, 327-356, 1974.
54. Head, J. W., Mode of occurrence and style of emplacement of lunar mare deposits, in Origin of Mare Basalts, Proc. Lunar Sci. Institute Conf, 234, 61-65, 1975a.
55. Head, J. W., Lunar mare deposits: Areas, volumes, sequence, and implication for melting in source areas, in Origin of Mare Basalts, Proc. Lunar Sci. Institute Conf, 234, 66-69, 1975b.
56. Head, J. W., Lunar volcanism in space and time, Rev. Geophys. Space Sci., 14, 265-300, 1976.
57. Head, J. W., The formation of mountain belts on Venus: Evidence for large-scale convergence, underthrusting and crustal imbrication in Freyja Montes, Ishtar Terra, Geology, 18, 99-102, 1990a.
58. Head, J. W., Processes of crustal formation and evolution on Venus: An analysis of topography and crustal thickness variations, Earth, Moon and Planets, 50/51, 25-55, 1990b.
59. Head, J. W., Processes of crustal and depleted mantle layer loss on Venus: Evidence from basins in tesserae, uplands, and plains, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 26, 577-578, 1995.
60. Head, J. W., and S. C. Solomon, Tectonic evolution of the terrestrial planets, Science, 213, 62-76, 1981.
61. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, The formation of eroded depressions around the sources of lunar sinuous rilles: Observations, Lunar and Planet. Sci. Conf., 11, 426-428, 1980.
62. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, Volcanic processes and landforms on Venus: Theory, predictions, and observations, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 9407-9446, 1986.
63. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, Absence of large shield volcanoes and calderas on the Moon: Consequence of magma transport phenomena?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 2121-2124, 1991.
64. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, Lunar mare volcanism: Stratigraphy, eruption conditions, and the evolution of secondary crusts, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 2155-2175, 1992a.
65. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, Magma reservoirs and neutral buoyancy zones on Venus: Implications for the formation and evolution of volcanic landforms, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 3877-3903, 1992b.
66. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, Lunar graben formation due to nearsurface deformation accompanying dike emplacement, Planet. Space Sci., 41, 719-727, 1994a.
67. Head, J. W., and L. Wilson, Mars: Formation and evolution of magma reservoirs, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 25, 527-528, 1994b.
68. Head, J. W., L. S. Crumpler, J. C. Aubele, J. E. Guest, and R. S. Saunders, Venus volcanism: Classification of volcanic features and structures, associations, and global distribution from Magellan data, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,153-13,197, 1992.
69. Head, J. W., S. Murchie, J. F. Mustard, C. M. Pieters, J. Neukum, A. McEwen, R. Greeley, E. Nagel, and M. J. S. Belton, Lunar impact basins: New data for the western limb and far side (Orientale and South Pole-Aitken Basins) from the first Galileo flyby, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 17,149-17,181, 1993.
70. Head, J. W., E. M. Parmentier, and P. C. Hess, Venus: Vertical accretion of crust and depleted mantle and implications for geological history and processes, Planet. Space Sci., 42, 803-811, 1994.
71. Head, J. W., A. T. Basilevsky, L. Wilson, and P. C. Hess, Evolution of volcanic styles on Venus: Change but not Noachian?, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 27, 525-526, 1996a.
72. Head, J. W., L. Wilson, and D. K. Smith, Mid-ocean ridge eruptive vent morphology and structure: Evidence for dike widths, eruption rates, and evolution of eruptions and axial volcanic ridges, J. Geophys. Res., 707,28,265-28,280, 1996b.
73. Heiken, G. H., D. T. Vaniman, and B. M. French (Eds.), Lunar Sourcebook: A User's Guide to the Moon, 736 pp., Cambridge University Press, New York, 1991.
74. Hodges C. A., and H. J. Moore, Atlas of Volcanic Landforms on Mars, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 1534, p. 194, 1994.
75. Hooper, P. R., The timing of crustal extension and the eruption of continental flood basalts, Nature, 345, 246-249, 1990.
76. Hulme, G., Turbulent lava flow and the formation of lunar sinuous rilles, Mod. Geol., 4, 107-117, 1973.
77. Hulme, G., A review of lava flow processes related to the formation of lunar sinuous rilles, Geophys. Surveys, 5, 245-279, 1982.
78. Hunten, D. M., L. Colin, T. M. Donahue, and V. I. Moroz (Eds.), Venus, 1143 pp., The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1983.
79. Ivanov, M. A., and J. W. Head, Tessera terrain on Venus: A survey of the global distribution, characteristics, and relation to surrounding units from Magellan data, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14,861-14,908, 1996.
80. Janes, D. M., S. W. Squyres, D. L. Bindschadler, G. Baer, G. Schubert, V. L. Sharpton, and E. R. Stofan, Geophysical models for the formation and evolution of coronae on Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 16,055-16,067, 1992.
81. Jônsson, J., Vocanic eruption in historical time on the Reykjanes Peninsula, southwest Iceland (in Icelandic with English summary), Náttúrufraedingurlun, 52, 127-139, 1983.
82. Kargel, J. S., R. L. Kirk, B. Fegley Jr., and A. H. Treiman, Carbonate-sulfate volcanism on Venus?, Icarus, 112, 219-252, 1994.
83. Keddie, S. T., and J. W. Head, Sapas Mons, Venus: Evolution of a large shield volcano, Earth, Moon and Planets, 65, 129-190, 1994a.
84. Keddie, S. T., and J. W. Head, Height and altitude distribution of large volcanoes on Venus, Planet. Space Sci., 42, 455-462, 1994b.
85. Kent, R. W., M. Storey, and A. D. Saunders, Large igneous provinces: Site of plume impact or plume incubation?, Geology, 20, 891-894, 1992.
86. Kieffer, H. H., B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews (Eds.), Mars, 1498 pp., The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992a.
87. Kieffer, H. H., B. M. Jakosky, and C. W. Snyder, The planet Mars: From antiquity to the present, in Mars, edited by H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 1-33, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992b.
88. Larson, R. L., Latest pulse of Earth: Evidence for a mid-Cretaceous superplume, Geology, 19, 547-550, 1991a.
89. Larson, R. L., Geological consequences of superplumes, Geology, 19, 963-966, 1991b.
90. Longhi, J., E. Knittle, J. R. Holloway, and H. Wanke, The Bulk Composition, Mineralogy and Internal Structure of Mars, in Mars, edited by H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 184-208, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992.
91. Magee Roberts, K., and J. W. Head, Large-scale volcanism associated with coronae on Venus: Implications for formation and evolution, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1111-1114, 1993.
92. Magee, K., and J. W. Head, The role of rifting in the generation of melt: Implications for the origin and evolution of the Lada Terra-Lavinia Planitia region of Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1527-1552, 1995.
93. Magee Roberts, K., J. E. Guest, J. W. Head, and M. G. Lancaster, Mylitta Fluctus, Venus: Rift-related, centralized volcanism and the emplacement of large-volume flow units, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15,991-16,015, 1992.
94. Martin, B. S., The Roza Member, Columbia River Basalt Group; Chemical stratigraphy and flow distribution, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. Reidel and P. Hooper, Geological Society of America,, pp. 85-104, 1989.
95. McGovern, P., and S. Solomon, State of stress, faulting, and eruption characteristics of large volcanoes on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 23,553-23,579, 1993.
96. McGuire, W. J., A. P. Jones, and J. Neuberg (Eds.), Volcano Instability on the Earth and Other Planets, Spec. Publ. 110, 388 pp., The Geological Society, London, 1996.
97. McKenzie, D., P. G. Ford, C. Johnson, B. Parsons, D. Sandwell, S. Saunders, and S. C. Solomon, Features on Venus generated by plate boundary processes, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,533-13,544, 1992.
98. McNutt, M., K. Fischer, S. Kruse, and J. Natland, The origin of the Marquesas fracture zone ridge and its implications for the nature of hot spots, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 91, 381-393, 1989.
99. Moore, H. J., J. J. Plaut, P. M. Schenk, and J. W. Head, An unusual volcano on Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,479-13,493, 1992.
100. Morabito, L. A., S. P. Synnott, P. Kupferman and S. A. Collins, Discovery of currently active extraterrestrial volcanism, Science, 204, 972, 1979.
101. Mouginis-Mark, P. J., L. Wilson, and J. W. Head, Explosive volcanism at Hecates Tholus, Mars: Investigation of eruption conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 9890-9904, 1982.
102. Mouginis-Mark, P. J., L. Wilson, J. W. Head, S. H. Brown, J. L. Hall, and K. Sullivan, Elysium Planitia, Mars: Regional geology, volcanology and evidence for volcano/ground ice interactions, Earth, Moon, and Planets, 30, 149-173, 1984.
103. Nash, D. B., M. H. Carr, J. Gradie, D. M. Hunten and C. F. Yoder, Io, in Satellites, J. A. Bums and M. S. Matthews, editors, pp. 629-688, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1986.
104. Neukum, G., and D. U. Wise, Mars: A standard crater curve and possible new time scale, Science, 194, 1381-1387, 1976.
105. Oberbeck, V. R., The role of ballistic erosion and sedimentation in lunar stratigraphy, Rev. Geophys., 13, 337-362, 1975.
106. Oberbeck, V. R., W. L. Quaide and R. Greeley, On the origin of lunar sinuous rilles, Mod. Geol., 1, 75-80, 1969.
107. Oberbeck, V. R., F. Horz, R. H. Morrison, W. L. Quaide, and D. E. Gault, On the origin of the lunar smooth-plains, The Moon, 12, 19-54, 1975.
108. Oberbeck, V. R., J. R. Marshall, and H. Aggarwal, Impacts, tillites, and the breakup of Gondwanaland, J. Geology, 101, 119, 1993.
109. Parfitt, E. A., and J. W. Head, Buffered and unbuffered dike emplacement on Earth and Venus: Implications for magma reservoir size, depth, and rate of magma replenishment, Earth, Moon, and Planets, 61, 249-281, 1993.
110. Parmentier, E. M., and P. C. Hess, Chemical differentiation of a convecting planetary interior: Consequences for a one plate planet such as Venus, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 2015-2018, 1992.
111. Pavri, B., J. W. Head, K. B. Klose, and L. Wilson, Steep-sided domes on Venus: Characteristics, geologic setting, and eruption conditions from Magellan data, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,445-13,478, 1992.
112. Peale, S. J., P. Cassen and R. T. Reynolds, Melting of Io by tidal dissipation, Science, 203, 892-894, 1979.
113. Peterson, D. W., and R. B. Moore, Geologic history and evolution of geologic concepts, Island of Hawaii, in Volcanism in Hawaii, Prof. Pap, 1350, edited by R. W. Decker, T. L. Wright, and P. H. Stauffer, pp. 149-189, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., 1987.
114. Phillips, R. J., N. H. Sleep, and W. B. Banerdt, Permanent uplift in magmatic systems with application to the Tharsis region of Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 5089-5100, 1990.
115. Phillips, R. J., R. F. Raubertas, R. E. Arvidson, I. C. Sarkar, R. R. Herrick, N. Izenberg, and R. E. Grimm, Impact craters and Venus resurfacing history, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15,923-15,984, 1992.
116. Plescia, J. B., and R. S. Saunders, The chronology of the Martian volcanoes, Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 10, 2841-2859, 1979.
117. Plescia, J. B., and R. S. Saunders, Estimation of the thickness of the Tharsis lava flows and implications for the nature of the topography of the Tharsis plateau, Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 11, 2423-2426, 1980.
118. Pronin, A. A., and E. R. Stofan, Coronae on Venus: Morphology, classification and distribution, Icarus, 87, 452-474, 1990.
119. Rogers, G. C., Oceanic plateaus as meteorite impact signatures, Nature, 299, 341-342, 1982.
120. Ryan, M. P., The mechanics and three-dimensional internal structure of active magmatic systems: Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4213-4248, 1988.
121. Saunders, R. S., and 26 others, Magellan Mission Summary, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,067-13,091, 1992.
122. Schaber, G. G., Lava flows in Mare Imbrium: Geologic evaluation from Apollo orbital photography, Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. 4, 73-92, 1973.
123. Schaber, G. G., K. C. Horstman, and A.L. Dial Jr., Lava flow materials in the Tharsis regions of Mars, Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. 9, 3433-3458, 1978.
124. Schaber, G. G., R. G. Strom, H. J. Moore, L. A. Soderblom, R. L. Kirk, D. J. Chadwick, D. D. Dawson, L. R. Gaddis, J. M. Boyce, and J. Russell, Geology and distribution of impact craters on Venus: What are they telling us?, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,257-13,301, 1992.
125. Schubert, G., R. E. Lingenfelter, and S. J. Peale, The morphology, distribution, and origin of lunar sinuous rilles, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 8, 199-224, 1970.
126. Schubert, G., D. Bercovici, and G. A. Glatzmaier, Mantle dynamics in Mars and Venus: Influence of an immobile lithosphere on three- dimensional mantle convection, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 14,105-14,130, 1990.
127. Schubert, G. G., R. G. Strom, H. J. Moore, L. A. Soderblum, R. L. Kirk, D. J. Chadwick, D. D. Dawson, L. R. Gaddis, J. M. Boyce, and J. Russell, Geology and distribution of impact craters on Venus: What are they telling us?, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,257-13,302, 1992.
128. Schultz, P. H., and P. D. Spudis, Evidence for ancient mare volcanism, Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 10, 2899-2918, 1979.
129. Schultz, P. H., and P. D. Spudis, The beginning and end of lunar mare volcanism, Nature, 302, 233-236, 1983.
130. Schultz, P. H., R. A. Schultz, and J. R. Rogers, The structure and evolution of ancient impact basins on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 9803-9820, 1982.
131. Scott, D. H., and M. H. Carr, Geologic Map of Mars, scale 1:25,000,000, Map 1-1083, U. S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser., 1978.
132. Scott, D. H., and K. L. Tanaka, Geologic map of the western equatorial region of Mars, scale 1:15,000,000, Map I-1802A U. S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser., 1986.
133. Self, S., T. Thordarson, L. Keszthelyi, G. P. L. Walker, K. Hon, M. T. Murphy, P. Long, and S. Finnemore, A new model for the emplacement of the Columbia River Basalt as large, inflated pahoehoe sheet lava flow fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2689-2692, 1996.
134. Senske, D., G. G. Schaber, and E. R. Stofan, Regional topographic rises on Venus: Geology of western Eistla region and comparison to Beta Regio and Alta Regio, J. Geophys. Res., 13,395-13,420, 1992.
135. Smith, B. A., and 21 others, The Jupiter system through the eyes of Voyager, Science, 204, 951-972, 1979.
136. Snyder, C. W., and V. I. Moroz, Telescopic Observations: Visual, Photographic, Polarimetric, in Mars, edited by H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 71-119, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992.
137. Solomon, S. C., Mare volcanism and lunar crustal structure, Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf, 6, 1021-1042, 1975.
138. Solomon, S. C., The relationship between crustal tectonics and internal evolution on the Moon and Mercury, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 15, 135-145, 1977.
139. Solomon, S. C., The geophysics of Venus, Physics Today, 48-55, 1993.
140. Solomon, S. C., and J. W. Head, Mechanisms for lithospheric heat transport on Venus: Implications for tectonic style and volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 9236-9246, 1982.
141. Solomon, S. C., and J. W. Head, Heterogeneities in the thickness of the elastic lithosphere of Mars: Constraints on heat flow and internal dynamics, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,073-11,083, 1990.
142. Solomon, S. C., and J. W. Head, Fundamental issues in the geology and geophysics of Venus, Science, 252, 252-260, 1991.
143. Solomon, S. C., R. P. Comer, and.J. W. Head, The evolution of impact basins: Viscous relaxation of topographic relief, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 3975-3992, 1982.
144. Solomon, S. C., S. E. Smrekar, D. L. Bindschadler, R. E. Grimm, W. M. Kaula, G. E. McGill, R. J. Phillips, R. S. Saunders, G. Schubert, S. W. Squyres, and E. R. Stofan, Venus tectonics: An overview of Magellan observations, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,199-13,255, 1992.
145. Sotin, C., D. A. Senske, J. W. Head, and E. M. Parmentier, Terrestrial spreading centers under Venus conditions: Evaluation of a crustal spreading model for western Aphrodite Terra, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 95, 321-333, 1989.
146. Spudis, P. D., and J. E. Guest, in Mercury, edited by F. Vilas, C. R. Chapman, M. S. Matthews, pp. 118-164, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1988.
147. Spudis, P. D., G. A. Swann and R. Greeley, The formation of Hadley Rille and implications for the geology of the Apollo 15 region, Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 18, 243-254, 1987.
148. Squyres, S. W., D. M James, G. Baer, D. L. Bindschadler, G. Schubert, V. L. Sharpton, and E. R. Stofan, The morphology and evolution of coronae on Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,611-13,634, 1992.
149. Stofan E. R., D. L. Bindschadler, J. W. Head, and E. M. Parmentier, Corona structures on Venus: Models of origin, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,933-20,946, 1991.
150. Stofan E. R., V. L. Sharpton, G. Schubert, G. Baer, D. L. Bindschadler, D. M. Janes, and S. W. Squyres, Global distribution and characteristics of coronae and related features on Venus: Implications for origin and relation to mantle processes, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,347-13,378, 1992.
151. Strom, R. G., N. J. Trask, and J. E. Guest, Tectonism and volcanism on Mercury, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 2478-2507, 1975.
152. Strom, R. G., G. G. Schaber, and D. D. Dawson, The global resurfacing of Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12,899-12,926, 1994.
153. Surkov, Yu. A., et al., Uranium, thorium, and potassium in Venusian rocks at the landing site of Vega 1 and 2, J. Geophys Res., 92, suppl., E537-E540, 1987.
154. Tanaka, K. L., N. K. Isbell, D. H. Scott, R. Greeley, and J. E. Guest, The resurfacing history of Mars: A synthesis of digitized, Viking-based geology. Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 18, 665-678, 1988.
155. Tanaka, K. L., D. H. Scott, and R. Greeley, Global stratigraphy, in Mars, edited by H. H. Kieffer, B. M. Jakosky, C. W. Snyder, and M. S. Matthews, pp. 354-382, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1992.
156. Taylor, G. J., K. Keil, T. McCoy, H. Haack, and E. R. D. Scott, Asteroid differentiation: Pyroclastic volcanism to magma oceans, Meteoritics, 28, 34-52, 1993.
157. Taylor, S. R., Large-scale basaltic volcanism on the Moon and Venus, in Volcanism, edited by K. V. Subbarao, pp. 1-20, 1994.
158. Thordarson, Th., and S. Self, The Laki (Skaftar Fires) and Grimsvotn eruptions in 1783-1785, Bull. Volcanol., 55, 233-263, 1993.
159. Tolan, T., S. Reidel, M. Beeson, J. Anderson, K. Fecht, and D. Swanson, Revisions to the estimates of the areal extent and volume of the Columbia River Basalt Group, in Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-basalt Province, Spec. Pap. 239, edited by S. Reidel and P. Hooper, Geological Society of America,, pp. 1-20, 1989.
160. Trask, N. J., and R. G. Strom, Additional evidence for mercurial volcanism, Icarus, 28, 559-563, 1976.
161. Turcotte, D. L., An episodic hypothesis for venusian tectonics, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 17,061-17,068, 1993.
162. Vilas, F., C. R. Chapman, M. S. Matthews (Eds.), Mercury, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 1-752, 1988.
163. White, R. S., and D. McKenzie, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 7685-7729, 1989.
164. White, R. S., and D. McKenzie, Mantle plumes and flood basalts, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 17,543-17,585, 1995.
165. Whitford-Stark, J. L., and J. W. Head, The Procellarum volcanic complexes: Contrasting styles of volcanism, Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf, 8, 2705-2724, 1977.
166. Wilhelms, D. E., Mercurian volcanism questioned, Icarus, 28, 551-558, 1976.
167. Wilhelms, D. E., The geologic history of the Moon, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 1348, 302 pp., 1987.
168. Wilson, L., and J. W. Head, The formation of eroded depressions around the sources of lunar sinuous rilles: Theory, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 11, 1260-1262, 1980.
169. Wilson, L., and J. W. Head, Mars: Review and analysis of volcanic eruption theory and relationships to observed landforms, Rev. Geophys., 32, 221-263, 1994.
170. Wilson, L., and K. Keil, Volcanic eruptions and intrusions on the asteroid 4 Vesta, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 18,927-18,940, 1996.
171. Wise, D. U., M. P. Golombek, G. E. McGill, Tharsis province of Mars: Geologic sequence, geometry, and a deformation mechanism, Icarus, 38, 456-472, 1979.
172. Yingst, R. A., and J. W. Head, Lunar mare deposit volumes, composition, age, and location: Implications for source areas and modes of emplacement, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 25, 1531-1532, 1994.
173. Yingst, R. A., and J. W. Head, Spatial and areal distribution of lunar mare deposits in Mare Orientale and South Pole/Aitken Basin: Implications for crustal thickness relationships, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf, 26. 1539-1540, 1995.