Low energy theory for 2 flavors at high density QCD

Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology

Volumn 62, Issue 9, 2000, Pages 1-8

  Casalbuoni, Roberto ^a   Duan, Zhiyong ^b   Sannino, Francesco ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^b Yale University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85037191398     PISSN: 05562821     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.62.094004     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. M. Alford, K. Rajagopal, and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 422, 247 (1998).
2. R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 53 (1998).
3. M. Alford, K. Rajagopal and F. Wilczek, Nucl. Phys. B537, 443 (1999).
4. For recent reviews see M. Alford, hep-ph/0003185; S. Hsu, hep-ph/0003140; D.H. Rischke and R.D. Pisarski, nucl-th/0004016.
5. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
6. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
7. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
8. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
9. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
10. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
11. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
12. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
13. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
14. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
15. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
16. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
17. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
18. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
19. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
20. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
21. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
22. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
23. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
24. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
25. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
26. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
27. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
28. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
29. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
30. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
31. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu,
32. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
33. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
34. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
35. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
36. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
37. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
38. T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3956 (1999); D.T. Son, Phys. Rev. D 59, 094019 (1999); S. C. Frautschi, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic Matter at Extreme Energy Density, edited by N. Cabibbo, Erice, Italy, 1978, (Plenum, New York, 1980); F. Barrois, Nucl. Phys. B129, 390 (1977); D. Bailin and A. Love, Phys. Rep. 107, 325 (1984); S. Elitzur, Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978 (1975); E. Fradkin and S. Shenker, ibid. 19, 3682 (1979); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Lett. B 450, 325 (1999); N. Evans, S. Hsu, and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B551, 275 (1999); Phys. Lett. B 449, 281 (1999); M. Alford, J. Berges, and K. Rajagopal, Nucl. Phys. B558, 219 (1999); S. Weinberg, ibid. B413, 567 (1994); D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfe, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London, 1990); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 37 (1999); T. Schäfer and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 60, 114033 (1999); R.D. Pisarski and D.H. Rischke, ibid. 61, 051501 (2000); D.K. Hong, V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, ibid. 61, 056001 (2000); W.E. Brown, J.T. Liu, and H. Ren, ibid. 61, 114012 (2000); S. Hsu and M. Schweiz, Nucl. Phys. B572, 211 (2000); D.V. Deryagin, D.Yu. Grigorev, and V.A. Rubakov, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 7, 659 (1992); E. Shuster and D.T. Son, Nucl. Phys. B573, 434 (2000); B.A. Freedman and L.D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1147 (1977); V.A. Miransky, I.A. Shovkovy, and L.C.R. Wiejewardhana, Phys. Lett. B 468, 270 (1999); R. Rapp, T. Schäfer, E.V. Shuryak, and M. Velkovsky, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 280, 35 (2000); A. Chodos, F. Cooper, W. Mao, H. Minakata, and A. Singh, Phys. Rev. D 61, 046011 (2000); M. Rho, E. Shuryak, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, hep-ph/0001104; M. Rho, A. Wirzba, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 473, 126 (2000); C. Manuel and M.H.G. Tytgat, ibid. 479, 190 (2000); G.W. Carter and D. Diakonov, Nucl. Phys. B582, 571 (2000); Nucl. Phys. A661, 625 (1999); D.K. Hong, M. Rho, and I. Zahed, Phys. Lett. B 468, 261 (1999); T. Schäfer, Nucl. Phys. B575, 269 (2000); S.R. Beane, P.F. Bedaque, and M.J. Savage, nucl-th/0004013; K. Rajagopal and E. Shuster, Phys. Rev D (to be published), hep-ph/0004074; D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D 62, 054017 (2000); D.K. Hong, Phys. Lett. B 473, 118 (2000); hep-ph/9905523; D.K. Hong, T. Lee, and D.P. Min, Phys. Lett. B 477, 137 (2000).
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