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3
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-
85035269320
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E. Domingo and J. J. Holland, in The Evolutionary Biology of Viruses, edited by S. Morse (Raven, New York, 1994), pp. 161–184
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E. Domingo and J. J. Holland, in The Evolutionary Biology of Viruses, edited by S. Morse (Raven, New York, 1994), pp. 161–184.
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7
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85035285928
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G. W. Rowe, Theoretical Models in Biology (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994)
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G. W. Rowe, Theoretical Models in Biology (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994).
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-
-
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8
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85035292535
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The string can be visualized as idealized genomic sequence defining the species, with a length of (Formula presented) genes
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The string can be visualized as idealized genomic sequence defining the species, with a length of (Formula presented) genes.
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-
-
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12
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0033573932
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L. A. Loeb, J. M. Essigmann, F. Kazazi, J. Zhang, and K. D. Rose, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96, 1492 (1999);
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Loeb, L.A.1
Essigmann, J.M.2
Kazazi, F.3
Zhang, J.4
Rose, K.D.5
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14
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85035252489
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J. Marro and R. Dickman, Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Lattice Models (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999)
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J. Marro and R. Dickman, Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Lattice Models (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999).
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15
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85035287395
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G. Grinstein and M. A. Muñoz, in Fourth Granada Lectures on Computational Physics, edited by P. L. Garrido and J. Marro, Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 493 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997)
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G. Grinstein and M. A. Muñoz, in Fourth Granada Lectures on Computational Physics, edited by P. L. Garrido and J. Marro, Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 493 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997).
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16
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84953269529
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J. Cardy, Scaling and Renormalization in Statistical Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996)
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J. Cardy, Scaling and Renormalization in Statistical Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996).
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17
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36149049574
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M. Doi, J. Phys. A 9, 1465 (1976).
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(1976)
J. Phys. A
, vol.9
, pp. 1465
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-
Doi, M.1
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18
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0001199360
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M. Doi, J. Phys. A 9, 1479 (1976).
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(1976)
J. Phys. A
, vol.9
, pp. 1479
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Doi, M.1
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23
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85035284705
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C. Adami, Introduction to Artificial Life (Springer, New York, 1999)
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C. Adami, Introduction to Artificial Life (Springer, New York, 1999).
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24
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0031041375
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See for example: J. K. Wong, C. C. Ignacio, F. Torriani, D. Havlir, N. J. S. Fitch, and D. D. Richman, J. Virol. 71, 2059 (1997).
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(1997)
J. Virol.
, vol.71
, pp. 2059
-
-
Wong, J.K.1
Ignacio, C.C.2
Torriani, F.3
Havlir, D.4
Fitch, N.J.S.5
Richman, D.D.6
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26
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0031932434
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J. Virol.S. Navas, J. Martín, J. A. Quiroga, I. Castillo, and V. Carreno, 72, 1640 (1998).
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, vol.72
, pp. 1640
-
-
Navas, S.1
Martín, J.2
Quiroga, J.A.3
Castillo, I.4
Carreno, V.5
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27
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-
0027238226
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-
Under controlled conditions (and the presence of an appropriate RNA polymerase) waves of mutant viruses can be observed and their general properties measured
-
Spatially extended replicating systems have been studied by using (Formula presented) RNA viruses on a one-dimensional setup [see J. McCaskill and G. J. Bauer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 4191 (1993)]. Under controlled conditions (and the presence of an appropriate RNA polymerase) waves of mutant viruses can be observed and their general properties measured.
-
(1993)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
, vol.90
, pp. 4191
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-
McCaskill, J.1
Bauer, G.J.2
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30
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0020437078
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-
For this model, the error-free copy rule (1) reads: (Formula presented) for the master sequence (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) for other sequences, with the constraint (Formula presented)
-
J. Swetina and P. Schuster, Biophys. Chem. 16, 329 (1982). For this model, the error-free copy rule (1) reads: (Formula presented) for the master sequence (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) for other sequences, with the constraint (Formula presented).
-
(1982)
Biophys. Chem.
, vol.16
, pp. 329
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-
Swetina, J.1
Schuster, P.2
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31
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0033120088
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R. V. Solé, S. C. Manrubia, M. Benton, S. Kauffman, and P. Bak, Trends Ecol. Evol. 14, 156 (1999)
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R. V. Solé, S. C. Manrubia, M. Benton, S. Kauffman, and P. Bak, Trends Ecol. Evol. 14, 156 (1999).
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32
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85035250376
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The numerical analysis of the Swetina-Schuster model shows that this approximation works very well for (Formula presented) 27. Sequences larger than this value provide a sharp phase transition. Since the smallest RNA molecules have a size of (Formula presented) (not to mention RNA viruses, whose genomes have sizes (Formula presented) the current approximation seems well justified
-
The numerical analysis of the Swetina-Schuster model shows that this approximation works very well for (Formula presented) 27. Sequences larger than this value provide a sharp phase transition. Since the smallest RNA molecules have a size of (Formula presented) (not to mention RNA viruses, whose genomes have sizes (Formula presented) the current approximation seems well justified.
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33
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0033592635
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Such a diffusionlike motion, which constitues the simplest approximation to virus transport, has been applied in continuous partial differential equation models of virus spreading in growing plaques [see L. You and J. Yin, J. Theor. Biol. 200, 365 (1999)].
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(1999)
J. Theor. Biol.
, vol.200
, pp. 365
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You, L.1
Yin, J.2
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35
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85035268294
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Note that this probability is not related to the surviving probability in spreading experiments usually defined in absorbing-state phase transitions 13
-
Note that this probability is not related to the surviving probability in spreading experiments usually defined in absorbing-state phase transitions 13.
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36
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85035303178
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-
Since we are only interested in the properties of the stationary state of the system, we have omitted in the expression of the action boundary terms that are relevant for the study of the relaxational dynamics; see for example Ref. 20
-
Since we are only interested in the properties of the stationary state of the system, we have omitted in the expression of the action boundary terms that are relevant for the study of the relaxational dynamics; see for example Ref. 20.
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37
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85035303098
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R. V. Solé and J. Bascompte, Complexity and Self-Organization in Evolutionary Ecology (Princeton University Press, Princeton, in press)
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R. V. Solé and J. Bascompte, Complexity and Self-Organization in Evolutionary Ecology (Princeton University Press, Princeton, in press).
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39
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0033532129
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R. V. Solé, R. Ferrer, I. González-García, J. Quer, and E. Domingo, J. Theor. Biol. 198, 47 (1999).
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, vol.198
, pp. 47
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Solé, R.V.1
Ferrer, R.2
González-García, I.3
Quer, J.4
Domingo, E.5
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