메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 150, Issue , 2004, Pages 125-134

Climatic impact of volcanic emissions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85029560420     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/150GM11     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (18)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 0346152820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A monthly and latitudinally varying volcanic forcing dataset in simulations of the 20th century climate
    • Ammann, C. M., G. A. Meehl, W. M. Washington, and C. S. Zender, A monthly and latitudinally varying volcanic forcing dataset in simulations of the 20th century climate, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(12), 1657, doi: 10.1029/2003GLO16875, 2003a.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.12
    • Ammann, C.M.1    Meehl, G.A.2    Washington, W.M.3    Zender, C.S.4
  • 3
    • 26144433496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lidar validation of SAGE II aerosol measurements after the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption
    • Antufia, J. C., A. Robock, G. L. Stenchikov, L. W. Thomason, and J. E. Barnes, Lidar validation of SAGE II aerosol measurements after the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D14), 4194, doi:110.1029/2001 JD001441, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.14
    • Antufia, J.C.1    Robock, A.2    Stenchikov, G.L.3    Thomason, L.W.4    Barnes, J.E.5
  • 4
    • 3142577561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variability of the stratospheric aerosol cloud produced by the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption
    • Antufta, J. C., A. Robock, G. Stenchikov, J. Zhou, C. David, J. Barnes, and L. Thomason, Spatial and temporal variability of the stratospheric aerosol cloud produced by the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption. J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D20), 4624, doi: 10.1029/2003JD003722, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.20
    • Antufta, J.C.1    Robock, A.2    Stenchikov, G.3    Zhou, J.4    David, C.5    Barnes, J.6    Thomason, L.7
  • 5
    • 85040529599 scopus 로고
    • A.D.: Quantitative evidence from a new South Pole ice core, in Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, edited by A. Robock and C. Oppen-heimer, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC)
    • Budner, D., and J. Cole-Dai, The number and magnitude of large explosive volcanic eruptions between 904 and 1865 A.D.: Quantitative evidence from a new South Pole ice core, in Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, edited by A. Robock and C. Oppen-heimer, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 165176, 2003.
    • (1865) The Number and Magnitude of Large Explosive Volcanic Eruptions between 904 And
    • Budner, D.1    Cole-Dai, J.2
  • 6
    • 0033674144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 4100-year record of explosive volcanism from an East Antarctica ice core
    • Cole-Dai, J., E. Mosley-Thompson, S. Wight, and L. Thompson, A 4100-year record of explosive volcanism from an East Antarctica ice core, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24,431-24,441, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 431-524
    • Cole-Dai, J.1    Mosley-Thompson, E.2    Wight, S.3    Thompson, L.4
  • 7
    • 0037470918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pinatubo, diffuse light, and the carbon cycle
    • Farquhar, G. D., and M. L. Roderick, Pinatubo, diffuse light, and the carbon cycle, Science, 299, 1997-1998, 2003.
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 1997-1998
    • Farquhar, G.D.1    Roderick, M.L.2
  • 10
    • 0033609652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming in the context of the Little Ice Age
    • Free, M., and A. Robock, Global warming in the context of the Little Ice Age, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19,057-19,070, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 057-119
    • Free, M.1    Robock, A.2
  • 11
    • 0031443306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanic sulfur emission: Estimates of source strength and its contribution to the global sulfate distribution
    • Graf, H.-F., J. Feichter, and B. Langhmann, Volcanic sulfur emission: Estimates of source strength and its contribution to the global sulfate distribution, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,727-10,738, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 727-810
    • Graf, H.-F.1    Feichter, J.2    Langhmann, B.3
  • 13
    • 0242669213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of a deciduous forest to the Mount Pinatubo eruption: Enhanced photosynthesis
    • Gu, L., D. Baldocchi, S. C. Wofsy, J. W. Munger, J. J. Michalsky, S. P. Urbanski, and T. As. Boden, Response of a deciduous forest to the Mount Pinatubo eruption: Enhanced photosynthesis, Science, 299, 2035-2038, 2003.
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 2035-2038
    • Gu, L.1    Baldocchi, D.2    Wofsy, S.C.3    Munger, J.W.4    Michalsky, J.J.5    Urbanski, S.P.6    Boden, T.A.7
  • 14
    • 0037198980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The annual volcanic gas input into the atmosphere, in particular into the stratosphere: A global data set for the past 100 years
    • Halmer M. M., Schmincke H.-U, Graf H.-F., The annual volcanic gas input into the atmosphere, in particular into the stratosphere: A global data set for the past 100 years. J. Vole. Geotherm. Res., 115, 511-528, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Vole. Geotherm. Res. , vol.115 , pp. 511-528
    • Halmer, M.M.1    Schmincke, H.-U.2    Graf, H.-F.3
  • 15
    • 0028572739 scopus 로고
    • A climatology of stratospheric aerosols
    • Hitchman, M. H., M. McKay, and C. R. Trepte, 1994: A climatology of stratospheric aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20,689-20,700.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 689-720
    • Hitchman, M.H.1    McKay, M.2    Trepte, C.R.3
  • 17
    • 50749083988 scopus 로고
    • Volcanic dust and other factors in the production of climatic changes, and their possible relation to ice ages
    • Humphreys, W. J., Volcanic dust and other factors in the production of climatic changes, and their possible relation to ice ages, J. Franklin Institute, August, 131-172, 1913.
    • (1913) J. Franklin Institute , pp. 131-172
    • Humphreys, W.J.1
  • 19
    • 0032876137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years
    • Jones, P. D., M. New, D. E. Parker, S. Martin, and I. G. Rigor, Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years, Rev. Geophys., 37, 173-199, 1999.
    • (1999) Rev. Geophys. , vol.37 , pp. 173-199
    • Jones, P.D.1    New, M.2    Parker, D.E.3    Martin, S.4    Rigor, I.G.5
  • 20
    • 0346723150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A GCM study of volcanic eruptions as a cause of increased stratospheric water vapor
    • Joshi, M., and K. Shine, A GCM study of volcanic eruptions as a cause of increased stratospheric water vapor, J. Climate, 16, 3525-3534, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 3525-3534
    • Joshi, M.1    Shine, K.2
  • 21
    • 0042285079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability of the winter stratosphere and troposphere in the northern hemisphere
    • Kodera, K., M. Chiba, H. Koide, A. Kitoh, and Y. Nikaidou, Interannual variability of the winter stratosphere and troposphere in the northern hemisphere, J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 74, 365-382, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan , vol.74 , pp. 365-382
    • Kodera, K.1    Chiba, M.2    Koide, H.3    Kitoh, A.4    Nikaidou, Y.5
  • 22
    • 0014930257 scopus 로고
    • Volcanic dust in the atmosphere; with a chronology and assessment of its meteorological significance
    • Lamb, H. H., Volcanic dust in the atmosphere; with a chronology and assessment of its meteorological significance, Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. London, A266, 425-533, 1970.
    • (1970) Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. London , vol.266 , pp. 425-533
    • Lamb, H.H.1
  • 23
    • 0002971545 scopus 로고
    • Supplementary volcanic dust veil index assessments
    • Lamb, H. H., Supplementary volcanic dust veil index assessments, Climate Monitor, 6, 57-67, 1977.
    • (1977) Climate Monitor , vol.6 , pp. 57-67
    • Lamb, H.H.1
  • 24
    • 0001786201 scopus 로고
    • Update of the chronology of assessments of the volcanic dust veil index
    • Lamb, H. H., Update of the chronology of assessments of the volcanic dust veil index, Climate Monitor, 12, 79-90, 1983.
    • (1983) Climate Monitor , vol.12 , pp. 79-90
    • Lamb, H.H.1
  • 25
    • 0022029388 scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II instrument: A function description
    • Mauldin III L. E., N. H. Zaun, M. P. McCormick, J. H. Guy, and W. R. Vaughn, Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II instrument: A function description, Opt. Eng., 24, 307-312, 1985.
    • (1985) Opt. Eng. , vol.24 , pp. 307-312
    • Mauldin, I.1    Zaun, N.H.2    McCormick, M.P.3    Guy, J.H.4    Vaughn, W.R.5
  • 28
    • 0003003428 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary evaluation of atmospheric pollution as a cause of the global temperature fluctuation of the past century
    • edited by S. F. Singer, Reidel, Dordrecht
    • Mitchell, J. M., Jr., A preliminary evaluation of atmospheric pollution as a cause of the global temperature fluctuation of the past century, in Global Effects of Environmental Pollution, edited by S. F. Singer, Reidel, Dordrecht, 139-155, 1970.
    • (1970) Global Effects of Environmental Pollution , pp. 139-155
    • Mitchell, J.M.1
  • 29
    • 84882539961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice core records of late Holocene volcanism: Current and future contributions from the Greenland PARCA cores
    • edited by A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Mosley-Thompson, E., T. Mashiotta, and L. Thompson, Ice core records of late Holocene volcanism: Current and future contributions from the Greenland PARCA cores, in Volcanism and the Earth s Atmosphere, edited by A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 153-164, 2003.
    • (2003) Volcanism and the Earth S Atmosphere , pp. 153-164
    • Mosley-Thompson, E.1    Mashiotta, T.2    Thompson, L.3
  • 30
    • 20444442172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A statistical methodology to extract the volcanic signal in climatic time series
    • edited by A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Naveau, P., C. M. Ammann, H.-S. Oh, and W. Guo, A statistical methodology to extract the volcanic signal in climatic time series, in Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, edited by A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 177-186, 2003.
    • (2003) Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere , pp. 177-186
    • Naveau, P.1    Ammann, C.M.2    Oh, H.-S.3    Guo, W.4
  • 31
    • 0020082630 scopus 로고
    • The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): An estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism
    • Newhall, C. G., and S. Self, The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): An estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 1231-1238, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.87 , pp. 1231-1238
    • Newhall, C.G.1    Self, S.2
  • 32
    • 0001359052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The GCM-Reality Intercomparison Project for SPARC (GRIPS): Scientific issues and initial results
    • Pawson, S., et al., The GCM-Reality Intercomparison Project for SPARC (GRIPS): Scientific issues and initial results, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 81, 781-796, 2000.
    • (2000) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.81 , pp. 781-796
    • Pawson, S.1
  • 33
    • 0029477542 scopus 로고
    • The statistical connection between tropospheric and stratospheric circulation of the northern hemisphere in winter
    • Perlwitz, J., and H.-E Graf, The statistical connection between tropospheric and stratospheric circulation of the northern hemisphere in winter, J. Climate, 8, 2281-2295, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Climate , vol.8 , pp. 2281-2295
    • Perlwitz, J.1    Graf, H.-E.2
  • 35
    • 2342608200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global, long-term sulphur dioxide measurements from TOVS data: A new tool for studying explosive volcanism and climate
    • A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, Eds. (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Prata, A. J., D. M. O’Brien, W. I. Rose, and S. Self, Global, long-term sulphur dioxide measurements from TOVS data: A new tool for studying explosive volcanism and climate, in Volcanism and the Earth s Atmosphere, A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, Eds. (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 75-92, 2003.
    • (2003) Volcanism and the Earth S Atmosphere , pp. 75-92
    • Prata, A.J.1    O’Brien, D.M.2    Rose, W.I.3    Self, S.4
  • 36
    • 0021544924 scopus 로고
    • Sulphur-rich volcanic eruptions and stratospheric aerosols
    • Rampino, M. R. and S. Self, Sulphur-rich volcanic eruptions and stratospheric aerosols, Nature, 310, 677-679, 1984.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.310 , pp. 677-679
    • Rampino, M.R.1    Self, S.2
  • 37
    • 0027039839 scopus 로고
    • Volcanic winter and accelerated glaciation following the Toba super-eruption
    • Rampino, M. R. and S. Self, Volcanic winter and accelerated glaciation following the Toba super-eruption, Nature, 359, 50-52, 1992.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.359 , pp. 50-52
    • Rampino, M.R.1    Self, S.2
  • 38
    • 0343286907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential for modeling the effects of different forcing factors on climate during the past 2000 years
    • P. D. Jones, R. S. Bradley, and J. Jouzel, Eds., (Springer-Verlag, Berlin)
    • Rind, D., The potential for modeling the effects of different forcing factors on climate during the past 2000 years, in Climatic Variations and Forcing Mechanisms of the Last 2000 Years, P. D. Jones, R. S. Bradley, and J. Jouzel, Eds., (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), 563-581, 1996.
    • (1996) Climatic Variations and Forcing Mechanisms of the Last 2000 Years , pp. 563-581
    • Rind, D.1
  • 39
    • 0034876781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years
    • Robertson, A., et al., Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 14,783-14,803, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 783-814
    • Robertson, A.1
  • 40
    • 0021560544 scopus 로고
    • Snow and ice feedbacks prolong effects of nuclear winter
    • Robock, A., Snow and ice feedbacks prolong effects of nuclear winter, Nature, 310, 667-670, 1984.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.310 , pp. 667-670
    • Robock, A.1
  • 41
    • 0001536550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear winter
    • 2, edited by S. H. Schneider, Oxford Univ. Press, New York
    • Robock, A., Nuclear winter, in Encyclopedia of Weather and Climate, 2, edited by S. H. Schneider, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 534-536, 1996.
    • (1996) Encyclopedia of Weather and Climate , pp. 534-536
    • Robock, A.1
  • 42
    • 0034463336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanic eruptions and climate
    • Robock, A., Volcanic eruptions and climate, Rev. Geophys., 38,191-219, 2000.
    • (2000) Rev. Geophys. , vol.38 , pp. 191-219
    • Robock, A.1
  • 43
    • 0007045782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric forcing needed for dynamical seasonal prediction
    • Robock, A., Stratospheric forcing needed for dynamical seasonal prediction, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 2189-2192, 2001.
    • (2001) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.82 , pp. 2189-2192
    • Robock, A.1
  • 44
    • 0037083602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pinatubo eruption: The climatic aftermath
    • Robock, A., Pinatubo eruption: The climatic aftermath, Science, 295, 1242-1244, 2002a.
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , pp. 1242-1244
    • Robock, A.1
  • 45
    • 1342322282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blowin’ in the wind: Research priorities for climate effects of volcanic eruptions
    • Robock, A., Blowin’ in the wind: Research priorities for climate effects of volcanic eruptions. EOS, 83, 472, 2002b.
    • (2002) EOS , vol.83
    • Robock, A.1
  • 46
    • 21944448688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanoes: Role in climate
    • J. Holton, J. A. Curry, and J. Pyle, Eds., (Academic Press, London)
    • Robock, A., Volcanoes: Role in climate, in Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, J. Holton, J. A. Curry, and J. Pyle, Eds., (Academic Press, London), 10.1006/rwas.2002.0169, 2494-2500,2003a.
    • (2003) Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences , pp. 2494-2500
    • Robock, A.1
  • 47
    • 85041609638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: Mount Pinatubo as a test of climate feedback mechanisms
    • A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, Eds. (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Robock, A., Introduction: Mount Pinatubo as a test of climate feedback mechanisms, in Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, A. Robock and C. Oppenheimer, Eds. (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 1-8, 2003b.
    • (2003) Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere , pp. 1-8
    • Robock, A.1
  • 48
    • 36549021415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support for a tropical lidar in Latin America
    • Robock, A., and J. C. Antufia, Support for a tropical lidar in Latin America, EOS, 82, 285, 289, 2001.
    • (2001) EOS , vol.82 , Issue.285
    • Robock, A.1    Antufia, J.C.2
  • 49
    • 0029473336 scopus 로고
    • Ice cores as an index of global volcanism from 1850 to the present
    • Robock, A., and M. P. Free, Ice cores as an index of global volcanism from 1850 to the present, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,549-11,567, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 549-611
    • Robock, A.1    Free, M.P.2
  • 51
    • 0020401322 scopus 로고
    • The Mount St. Helens volcanic eruption of 18 May 1980: Large short-term surface temperature effects
    • Robock, A., and C. Mass, The Mount St. Helens volcanic eruption of 18 May 1980: Large short-term surface temperature effects, Science, 216, 628-630, 1982.
    • (1982) Science , vol.216 , pp. 628-630
    • Robock, A.1    Mass, C.2
  • 52
    • 33644763657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere
    • (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC)
    • Robock, A., and C. Oppenheimer, Eds., Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, Geophysical Monograph 139, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 360 pp., 2003.
    • (2003) Geophysical Monograph , vol.139
    • Robock, A.1    Oppenheimer, C.2
  • 54
    • 0036770283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues in stratosphere-troposphere coupling
    • Shepherd, T. G., Issues in stratosphere-troposphere coupling, J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 80, 769-792, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan , vol.80 , pp. 769-792
    • Shepherd, T.G.1
  • 57
    • 0037177582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global cooling following the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo: A test of climate feedback by water vapor
    • Soden, B. J., R. T. Wetheraid, G. L. Stenchikov, and A. Robock, Global cooling following the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo: A test of climate feedback by water vapor, Science, 296, 727-730, 2002.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 727-730
    • Soden, B.J.1    Wetheraid, R.T.2    Stenchikov, G.L.3    Robock, A.4
  • 59
    • 36448993338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption: Effects of volcanic aerosols and ozone depletion
    • Stenchikov, G., A. Robock, V Ramaswamy, M. D. Schwarzkopf, K. Hamilton, and S. Ramachandran, Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption: Effects of volcanic aerosols and ozone depletion, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D24), 4803, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002090, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.24
    • Stenchikov, G.1    Robock, A.2    Ramaswamy, V.3    Schwarzkopf, M.D.4    Hamilton, K.5    Ramachandran, S.6
  • 60
    • 2642538447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the SKYHIGCM with a realistic Quasi-Biennial Oscillation
    • Stenchikov, G., K. Hamilton, A. Robock, V Ramaswamy, and M. D. Schwarzkopf, Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the SKYHIGCM with a realistic Quasi-Biennial Oscillation, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D03112, doi: 10.1029/2003JD003699, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109
    • Stenchikov, G.1    Hamilton, K.2    Robock, A.3    Ramaswamy, V.4    Schwarzkopf, M.D.5
  • 61
    • 0036994078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CLOUDSAT mission and the A-Train
    • Stephens, G. L., et al., The CLOUDSAT mission and the A-Train, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 83, 1771-1790, 2002.
    • (2002) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.83 , pp. 1771-1790
    • Stephens, G.L.1
  • 62
    • 85040507888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of global stratospheric aerosol climatology: Optical properties and applications for UV
    • Stevermer, A., I. Petropavlovskikh, J. Rosen, and J. DeLuisi, Development of global stratospheric aerosol climatology: Optical properties and applications for UV, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 22,763-22,776, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 763-822
    • Stevermer, A.1    Petropavlovskikh, I.2    Rosen, J.3    Deluisi, J.4
  • 63
    • 0030620606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of polynyas, ice edges, and leads to marine mammals and birds
    • Stirling, I., The importance of polynyas, ice edges, and leads to marine mammals and birds, J. Marine Systems, 10, 9-21, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Marine Systems , vol.10 , pp. 9-21
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 65
    • 0027505716 scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric chlorine injection by volcanic eruptions: HC1 scavenging and implication for ozone
    • Tabazadeh, A., and R. P. Turco, Stratospheric chlorine injection by volcanic eruptions: HC1 scavenging and implication for ozone, Science, 260, 1082-1086, 1993.
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 1082-1086
    • Tabazadeh, A.1    Turco, R.P.2
  • 67
    • 0026312332 scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic aerosol size distribution inferred from SAGE II measurements
    • Thomason, L. W., A diagnostic aerosol size distribution inferred from SAGE II measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 96,22,501-22,508,1991.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 501-522
    • Thomason, L.W.1
  • 68
    • 0347413664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAGE III aerosol extinction measurements: Initial results
    • Thomason, L. W., and G. Taha, SAGE III aerosol extinction measurements: Initial results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(12), 1631, doi: 10.1029/2003GL017317, 2003.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.12
    • Thomason, L.W.1    Taha, G.2
  • 69
    • 0037770542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric and environmental effects of the 1783-84 Laki eruption: A review and reassessment
    • Thordarson, T., and S. Self, Atmospheric and environmental effects of the 1783-84 Laki eruption: A review and reassessment, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D1), 4011, doi: 10.1029/2001 JD002042, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.1
    • Thordarson, T.1    Self, S.2
  • 71
    • 0019146052 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric aerosols and climate
    • Toon, O. B., and J. B. Pollack, Atmospheric aerosols and climate, American Scientist, 68, 268-278, 1980.
    • (1980) American Scientist , vol.68 , pp. 268-278
    • Toon, O.B.1    Pollack, J.B.2
  • 72
    • 0020969882 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear winter: Global consequences of multiple nuclear explosions
    • Turco, R. P., O. B. Toon, T. P. Ackerman, J. B. Pollack, and C. Sagan, Nuclear winter: Global consequences of multiple nuclear explosions, Science, 222, 1283-1292, 1983.
    • (1983) Science , vol.222 , pp. 1283-1292
    • Turco, R.P.1    Toon, O.B.2    Ackerman, T.P.3    Pollack, J.B.4    Sagan, C.5
  • 73
    • 0025198328 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear winter: Climate and smoke: An appraisal of nuclear winter
    • Turco, R. P., O. B. Toon, T. P. Ackerman, J. B. Pollack, and C. Sagan, Nuclear winter: Climate and smoke: An appraisal of nuclear winter, Science, 247, 166-176, 1990.
    • (1990) Science , vol.247 , pp. 166-176
    • Turco, R.P.1    Toon, O.B.2    Ackerman, T.P.3    Pollack, J.B.4    Sagan, C.5
  • 74
    • 0032076790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace, The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1297-1300, 1998.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.25 , pp. 1297-1300
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 75
    • 0033876462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annular modes in the extra-tropical circulation, I, Month-to-month variability
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace, Annular modes in the extra-tropical circulation, I, Month-to-month variability, J. Climate, 13, 1000-1016, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 1000-1016
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 76
    • 0033924559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annular modes in the extratropical circulation, II, Trends
    • Thompson, D. W. J., J. M. Wallace, and G. C. Hegerl, Annular modes in the extratropical circulation, II, Trends, J. Climate, 13, 10171036, 2000.
    • J. Climate , vol.13
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2    Hegerl, G.C.3
  • 77
    • 84958185176 scopus 로고
    • SAGE II measurements of volcanic aerosols
    • Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C
    • Veiga, R. E., SAGE II measurements of volcanic aerosols, 1993 Technical Digest Series, 5,467-470, Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C., 1993.
    • (1993) Technical Digest Series , vol.5 , pp. 467-470
    • Veiga, R.E.1
  • 78
    • 0035880440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 emissions and the abundance and distribution of exsolved gas in magma bodies
    • 2 emissions and the abundance and distribution of exsolved gas in magma bodies, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 108, 85-106, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 85-106
    • Wallace, P.J.1
  • 79
    • 0031396478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the record of the 1982 El Chichón eruption as preserved in Greenland snow
    • Zielinski, G. A., J. E. Dibb, Q. Yang, P. A. Mayewski, S. Whitlow and M. S. Twickler, Assessment of the record of the 1982 El Chichón eruption as preserved in Greenland snow. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 30,031-30,045, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 031-130
    • Zielinski, G.A.1    Dibb, J.E.2    Yang, Q.3    Mayewski, P.A.4    Whitlow, S.5    Twickler, M.S.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.