Fire weather and land degradation

Environmental Science and Engineering (Subseries: Environmental Science)

Volumn , Issue 9783540724377, 2007, Pages 223-251

  Dube, Opha Pauline ^a  

^a Private Bag 0022   (Botswana)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEMS; EROSION; FIRES; FLAMMABILITY; GAS EMISSIONS; GREENHOUSE GASES; HEATING; LAND USE; RAIN; SOILS;

FIRE SUPPRESSION; HERBACEOUS SPECIES; HUMAN SECURITIES; INVASIVE SPECIES; LAND DEGRADATION; PRESSURE SETTINGS; PRODUCTIVE SOILS; SPECIES COMPOSITION;

CLIMATE CHANGE;

EID: 85025603360     PISSN: 18635520     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-72438-4_12     Document Type: Article

References (104)

1. Abrila A, Barttfelda P, Bucherb EH (2005) The effect of fire and overgrazing disturbes on soil carbon balance in the Dry Chaco forest. Forest Ecol Manag 206:399-405
2. AEO (2002) Africa Environmental Outlook. Past Preset andfutureperspectives.UnitedNat ions Environmental Programme (UNEP), Nairobi and Earthprint limited Hertfordshire. 422 pp.
3. AEO II (2006) Africa Environmental Outlook 2. Division of Early Warning and Assessment, United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), Nairobi. 541 pp.
4. Amatullia G, Perez-Cabelloa F, de la Rivaa J (2007) Mapping lightning/human-caused wildfires occurrence under ignition point location uncertainty. Ecol Model 2: 321-333
5. Asher J, Dewey S, Johnson C, Olivarez J (2001) Reducing the spread of invasive exotic plants following fire in western forests, deserts, and grasslands. In: Galley KEM, Wilson TP (eds.). Proceedings of the Invasive Species Workshop: the Role of Fire in the Control and Spread of Invasive Species. Fire Conference 2000: the First National Congress on Fire Ecology, Prevention, and Management. Miscellaneous Publication No. 11, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL. pp 102-103
6. Bassiri R, Reynolds HJF, Virginia RA, Brunelle MH (1998) Growth and root N03- and P043- uptake capacity of three desert species in response to atmospheric C02 enrichment. Aust J Plant Physiol 24:353-358
7. Beverly JL, Martell DL (2005) Characterizing extreme fire and weather events in the Boreal Shield ecozone of Ontario. Agric For Meteorol 133:5-16.
8. Billings SA, Schaeffer SM, Evans RD (2003) Nitrogen fixation by biological soil crusts and heterotrophic bacteria in an intact Mojave Desert ecosystem with elevated CO2 and added soil carbon. Soil Biol Biochem 35:643-649.
9. Bond WJ, Midgley GF, Woodward FI (2003) What controls South African vegetation-climate or fire? S Afr J Botany 69: l-13
10. Bond WJ, Woodward FI, Midgley GF (2005) The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire. New Phytol 165:525-538
11. Brady MA, Goldammer JG, Keenan T, Lynham TJ, Justice CO, Csiszar IA, O’Loughlin K (2006) Developing a global early warning system for wildland fire. In: Sivakumar MVK, Motha RP (eds) Managing Weather and Climate Risks in Agriculture, Springer.
12. Brooks ML, D'Antonio CM, Richardson DM, Grace JB, Keeley JE, Ditomaso JM, Hobbs RJ, Pellant M, Pyke D (2004) Effects of invasive alien plants on fire regimes. Bioscience 54: 677-688
13. Brooks ML, Pyke DA (2001) Invasive plants and fire in the deserts of North America. In: Galley KEM, Wilson TP (eds.). Proceedings of the Invasive Species Workshop: the Role of Fire in the Control and Spread of Invasive Species. Fire Conference 2000: the First National Congress on Fire Ecology, Prevention, and Management. Miscellaneous Publication No. 11, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL, pp 1-14
14. Burke EL, Brown SJ, Christidis N (2006) Modelling the recent evolution of global drought and projections for the 21st century with the Hadley Centre climate model. J Hydrometeorol 7:1113-1125.
15. Carmona-Moreno M, Belward A, Caperan P, Malingreau J-P, Hartley A, Garcia-Alegre M, Antonovskiy M, Buchshtaber V, Pivovarov V (2005) Spatiotemporal Correlation Analyses of Global Burned Surface Time Series from Remote Sensing data (1982-1999): Inter-annual Variability of Global fire calendar. 31st ISRSE Conference on Global Monitoring for Sustainability and Security, 20-24 June 2005, Saint Petersburg, Russia
16. Castellano MJ, Ansley RJ (2007) Fire season and simulated grazing differentially affect the stability and drought resilience of a C4 bunch-grass, C3 bunchgrass and C4 lawn grass. J Arid Environ 69:375-384
17. Charney JG (1975). Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel. Qtly J Roy Meteor Soc 101:193-202
18. Charney J, Stone PH, Quirk WJ (1975) Drought in the Sahara: a biophysical feedback mechanism. Science 187: 434-435
19. Choi S, Chang Y, Park B (2006) Increase in carbon emissions from forest fires after intensive reforestation and forest management programs. Science Total Environ 372:225-235.
20. Dai A, Trenberth KE, Karl TR (1998) Global Variations in Droughts and Wet Spells: 1900-1995. Geophys Res Lett 25:3367-3370
21. Dayton-Johnson J (2004) Natural Disasters And Adaptive Capacity. OECD Development Centre. Working Paper No. 237. Paris.
22. de Ronde C, Trollope WSW, Parr CL, Brockectt B, Geldenhuys CJ (2004) Fire effects on flora and fauna. In: Goldammer JG, de Ronde C (eds). Wildland fire management handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa. Global Fire Monitoring Centre (GFMC). pp. 60-87
23. Dube OP (2005) A Collaborative Effort Towards Developing Capacity for Operational Fire Monitoring and Management Systems in Southern Africa. AIACC Working Paper No.ll. www.aiaccproject.org. 16 pp.
24. Dube OP, Pickup G (2001). Effects of rainfall variability and communal and semi-commercial grazing on land cover in Southern Africa rangelands. Clim Res 17:195-208
25. Dube OP, Kwerepe RM (2000). Human induced change in the Kgalagadi sands: Beyond the year 2000. In: Ringrose S, Chanda R (eds) Towards sustainable management in the Kalahari region - Some essential background and critical issues. Proceedings of the Botswana Global Change Committee-START Kalahari Transect Meeting held in Gaborone, 1998. Directorate of Research and Development, University of Botswana, Gaborone, pp 244-258.
26. Dukes JS, Mooney HA (2001) Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? Tree 14:135-139
27. Feddema JJ, Freire S (2001) Soil degradation, global warming and climate impacts. Clim Res 17:209-216.
28. Franklin J, Spears-Lebrun LA, Deutschman DH, Marsden K (2006) Impact of a high-intensity fire on mixed evergreen and mixed conifer forests in the Peninsular Ranges of southern California, USA. Forest Ecol Manag 235:18-29
29. Foley JA, Coe MT, Scheffer M, Wang G (2003) Regime Shifts in the Sahara and Sahel: Interactions between Ecological and Climatic Systems in Northern Africa. Ecosyst 6:524-539
30. Frost PGH, Robertson F (1987) The Ecological Effects Of Fire. In: Savannas. In: Brian H. Walker (ed). Determinants Of Tropical Savannas. The International Union of Biological Sciences, IUBS Monograph Series, No. 3. IRL Press, Oxford, pp 93-140
31. Frost PGH (1994) Suggestions for the further development of a fire management programme in the rangelands of the western province, Zambia. Department Of Veterinary And Tsetse Control Services Department Of Agriculture - Animal Husbandry Section. Western Province. Livestock Development Project Phase II. 20 pp
32. Geist HJ, Lambin EF (2004) Dynamic Causal Patterns of Desertification. Bioscience 54:817-829
33. Geldenhuys CJ (1994) Bergwind fires and location patterns of forest patches in southern Cape landscape. S Afr J Biogeogr 21:49-62
34. Geldenhuys CJ, Van Wilgen BW, Bond WJ, van de Vijver CADM, de Ronde C (2004) Fire effects on the maintenance of biodiversity, soil and nutrients. In: Goldammer JG, de Ronde C (eds) Wildland fire management handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa. Global Fire Monitoring Centre (GFMC). pp. 88-113
35. GEO 3 (2002) Global Environmental Outlook 3. Past Present and Future Perspectives. UNEP. Earthscan, London. 446 pp.
36. Gill AM (1994) How Fires Affect Biodiversity. Fire and Biodiversity: The Effects and Effectiveness of Fire Management. Proceedings of the Conference held 8-9 October 1994, Footscray, Melbourne Biodiversity Series, Paper No. 8. Biodiversity Unit.
37. Gimeno-Garcia E, Andreu V, Rubio JL (2007) Influence of vegetation recovery on water erosion at short and medium-term after experimental fires in a Mediterranean shrubland. Catena 69:150-160.
38. Gitay H, Suarez V, Watson RT, Dokken DJ (2002) Climate Change and biodiversity. IPCC Technical Paper V. IPCC WGIITSU. WMO, UNEP. 45 pp.
39. Goldammer JG (1998) Fire watch. OUR PLANET 9.6 - Climate and Action. A UNEP’s magazine for environmentally sustainable development. November 1998. http://www.ourplanet.com/txtversn/96/contents.html.
40. Goldammer JG, de Ronde C (eds) (2004) Wildland fire management handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa. Global Fire Monitoring Centre (GFMC). pp 432.
41. Gonzalez-Perez JA, Gonzalez-Vila FJ, Almendros G, Knicker H (2004) The effect of fire on soil organic matter—a review. Environ Int 30: 855-870
42. Goncalves AM, Silva JG, Gomes PMV (2006) Meteorological support to forest fire prevention. Forest Ecol Manag 234S:S41. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.08.062.
43. Govender N, Trollope WSW, Van Wilgen BW (2006) The effect of fire season, fire frequency, rainfall and management on fire intensity in savanna vegetation in South Africa. J Appl Ecol 43:748-758.
44. Groisman PY, Sherstyukov BG, Razuvaev VN, Knight RW, Enloe JG, Stroumentova N S, Whitfield PH, Forland E, Hannsen-Bauer I, Tuomenvirta H, Aleksandersson H, Mescherskaya AV, Karl TR (2007) Potential forest fire danger over Northern Eurasia: Changes during the 20th century. Global Planet Change doi:10.1016 /j.gloplacha.2006.07.029
45. Hagner S (1999) Forest Management in Temperate and Boreal Forests: Current Practices and the Scope for Implementing Sustainable Forest Management. FAO Consultant Report. A Paper for the World Bank Forest Policy Implementation Review and Strategy. Forestry Policy and Planning Division, Rome. 47 pp.
46. Hall RG (1994) The Effects Of Fuel Reduction Burning On Forest Soils. In: Fire and Biodiversity: The Effects and Effectiveness of Fire Management. Biodiversity Series, Paper No. 8. Proceedings ofthe Conference held 8-9 October 1994, Footscray, Melbourne, Australia.
47. Hennessy K, Lucas C, Nicholls N, Bathols J, Suppiah R, Ricketts J (2006) Climate change impacts on fire-weather in south-east Australia. CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology, Canberra, Australia. 91 pp.
48. Hiers JK, Wyatt R, Mitchell RJ (2000) The effects of fire regime on legume reproduction in longleafpine savannas: is a season selective? Oecologia 125:521-530
49. Holmgren M, Scheffer M (2001) El Niño as a window of opportunity for the restoration of degraded arid ecosystems. Ecosyst 4:151-159
50. Houghton RA (1995) Changes in the storage of terrestrial carbon since 1850. In: Lai R, Kimble JM, Levine E, Stewart VA (eds), Soil and Global Change. Lewis Publisher CRC, Boca Raton, pp. 45-65
51. Hulme, M., Kelly, M., 1993. Exploring the links between desertification and climate change. Environment 5, 4-11 and 39-45.
52. IPCC (2001a). Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1031 pp.
53. IPCC (2001b) Climate change 2001. Synthesis Report. Contribution of working Groups I, II and II to the Third Assessment Report of the Inter-Governmental Panel of Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. 397 pp.
54. Johansen RJ (2001) Impacts of fire on biological soil crusts. In: Belnap J, Lange OL (eds) Biological soil crusts: Structure, Funtion, and Management, Springer, New York, pp. 386-397.
55. Keeley JE, Rundel PW (2005) Fire and the Miocene expansion of C4 grasslands. Ecol Lett 8:683-690
56. Kosmas C, Gerontidis S, Marathianou M (2000) The effect of land use change on soils and vegetation cover over various lithological formations on Lesvos (Greece). Catena 40:51-68
57. Kulkarni MG, Sparg SG, Van Staden J (2007) Germination and post-germination response of Acacia seeds to smoke-water and butenolide, a smoke-derived compound. J Arid Environ 69:177-187
58. Lai, R., Hassan, H. M. and Dumanski, J.. 1999. Desertification control to sequester carbon and mitigate the greenhouse effect. In: Rosenberg N, Izaurralde RC (eds) Carbon sequestration in soils: Science, monitoring and beyond. Malone Battelle Press, Columbus, Ohio.
59. Lambin, E.F. and Geist, H.J., 2006. Land-use and land-cover change. Local processes and global impacts. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.222
60. Leemans R, Kleidon A (2002) Regional and global assessment of the dimensions of desertification. In: Reynolds JF, Stafford-Smith DM (eds). Global desertification. Do human cause deserts? Dahlem University Press, Berlin, pp. 215-231.
61. Liebhold AM, Macdonald WL, Bergdahl D, Mastro VC (1995) Invasion by Exotic Forest Pests: A Threat to Forest Ecosystems. Forest Sci Mono 30, 49 pp.
62. Lioubimtseva E, Adams JM (2004) Possible implications of increased carbon dioxide levels and climate change for desert ecosystems. Environ Manage 33:388-404
63. Lorup JK, Refsgaard CJ, Mazvimavi D (1998) Assessing the effect of land use change on the catchment runoff by combined use of statistical tests and hydrological modeling: Case studies from Zimbabwe. J Hydrol 205:147-163
64. Lovich JE, Bainbridge D (1996) Anthropogenic degradation of the southern California desert ecosystem and prospects for natural recovery and restoration. Environ Manage 24:309-326
65. MA (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment) (2005a) Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. World Resources Institute. Island Press, Washington, DC.
66. MA (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment) (2005b) Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Desertification Synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington. 26 pp
67. Main WA, Haines DA (1974) The causes of fires on North Eastern National Forest. North Central Forest Experiment Station Forest Service. Department of Agriculture. USDA Forest services Research PaperNC-109. U.S. Government Printing Office, pp 762-485
68. Michelsen A, Andersson M, Jensen M, Kjoller A, Gashew M (2004) Carbon stocks, soil respiration and microbial biomass in fire-prone tropical grassland, woodland and forest ecosystems. Soil Biol Biochem 36:1707-1717.
69. Ministry of Agriculture (1999). Thamacha Forestry Resource Pilot Inventory Project Department of Crop Production and Forestry, Botswana. Maun. 26 pp.
70. Moleele NM, Ringrose S, Matheson W, Vanderpost C (2002) More woody plants? The status of bush encroachment in Botswana’s grazing areas. J Environ Manage 64:3-11
71. Nicholson SE (2001) Climatic and environmental change in Africa during the last two centuries. Clim Res 17:123-144
72. Nicholson SE (2002) What are key components of climate as a driver of desertification? In: Reynolds J.F. and Stafford-Smith, D.M. (eds). Global desertification. Do human cause deserts? Dahlem University Press, Berlin, pp 41-57
73. Otterman J (1974) Baring high-albedo soils by overgrazing: a hypothesized desertification mechanism. Science 186:531-533
74. Overbeck GE, Pfadenhauer J (2002) Adaptive strategies in burned sub-tropical grassland in southern Brazil. Flora 202:27-49.
75. Page SE, Siegert F, Rieley JO, Boehm H-DV, Jaya A, Limin S (2002). The amount of carbon released from peat and forest fires in Indonesia during 1997. Nature 420:61-5.
76. Pearce GH, Mullan AB, Salinger MJ, Opperman TW, Woods D, Moore JR (2005) Impact of Climate Change on Long-term Fire Danger. Prepared for New Zealand Fire Service Commission. National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, and Forest Research Ltd, Auckland. 69 pp.
77. Pyne SJ (1995) World fire. The culture of fire on earth. Henry Holt and Co. New York. 379 pp.
78. Pyne SJ, Andrews PL, Laven RD (1996) Introduction to Wildland Fire. 2nd Edition. John Wiley and Sons. New York. 769 pp.
79. Pyne, S.J., Goldammer, J.G., de Ronde, C., Geldenhuys, C.J., Bond, W.J. and Trollope, W.S.W. 2004. Introduction. In Goldammer, J.G. and de Ronde, C. (eds) 2004. Wildland firemanagement handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa. Global Fire Monitoring Centre (GFMC). Ppl-8.
80. Reynolds JF, Stafford-Smith DM (eds). Global desertification. Do human cause deserts? Dahlem University Press, Berlin, pp 41-57
81. Roy DP, Trigg S, Bhima R, Brockett BH, Dube OP, Frost P, Govender N, Landmann T, Le Roux J, Lepono T, Macuacua J, Mbow C, Mhwan-dangara KL, Mosepele B, Mutanga O, Neo- Mahupeleng G, Norman M, Virgilo S (2006) The Utility of Satellite Fire Product Accuracy In-formation—Perspectives and Recommendations From the Southern Africa Fire Network. IEEE T Geosci Remote 44:1928-1930
82. Savadogo P, Sawadogo L, Tiveau D (2007) Effects of grazing intensity and prescribed fire on soil physical and hydrological properties and pasture yield in the savanna woodlands of Burkina Faso. Agr Ecosyst Environ 118: 80-92.
83. Sheuyange A, Oba G, Weladji RB (2005) Effects of anthropogenic fire history on savanna vegetation in northeastern Namibia. J Environ Manag 75:189-198
84. Shakesby RA, Wallbrink PJ, Doerr SH, English PM, Chafer CJ, Humphreys GS, Blake WH, Tomkins KM (2007) Distinctiveness of wild-fire effects on soil erosion in south-east Australian eucalypt forests assessed in a global context. Forest Ecol Manag 238:347-364
85. Smith SD, Huxman TF, Zitzer SF, Charlet TN, Housman DC, Coleman JS, Fenstermaker LK, Seemann, Nowak RS (2000) Elevated CO2 increases productivity and invasive species success in an arid ecosystem. Nature 408:79-82.
86. Soja AJ, Cofer III WR, Shugart HH, Sukhinin AI, Stackhouse Jr PW, McRae DJ, Conard SG (2004) Estimating fire emissions and disparities in boreal Siberia (1998 through 2002). J Geophys Res 109 (D14S06). doi:10.1029/2004JD004570.
87. Soja AJ, Tchebakova NM, French NHF, Flannigan MD, Shugart HH, Stocks BJ, Sukhinin AI, Parfenova El, Chapin FS, Stackhouse PW Jr (2007) Climate-induced boreal forest change: Predictions versus current observations. Global Planet Change. 23P. doi:10.1016/ j.gloplacha.2006.07.028
88. Stocks BJ, van Wilgen BW, Trollope WSW (1997) Fire behaviour and dynamics of convection columns in African savannas. In: Brian W. van Wilgen, Andreae MO, Goldammer JG, Lindesay JA (Eds.) Fire in Southern African Savannas, Ecology and Atmospheric Perspective. Witwatersrand University Press. Johannesburg, pp. 4-55.
89. Stocks BJ, Fosberg MA, Lynham TJ, Mearns L, Wotton BM, Yang Q, Jin J-Z, Lawrence K, Hartley GR, Mason JA, McKennedy DW (1998) Climate Change and Forest Fire Potential in Russian and Canadian Bo-real Forests. J Clim Chang 38:1-3.
90. Styger E, Rakotondramasy HM, Pfeffer MJ, Fernandes ECM, Bates DM (2007) Influence of slash-and-burn farming practices on fallow succession and land degradation in the rainforest region ofMadagascar. Agric Ecosyst Environ 119:257-269
91. Tews J, Jeltsch F (2004) Modelling the impact of climate change on woody plant population dynamics in South African savanna. BMC Ecology 4:17 doi: 10.1186/1472-6785-4-17
92. Tews J, Esther A, Milton SJ, Jeltsch F (2006) Linking a population model with an ecosystem model: Assessing the impact of land use and climate change on savanna shrub cover dynamics. Ecol Model 1 9 5:219-228.
93. Trollope WSW, de Ronde C, Geldenhuys CJ (2004) Fire behaviour. In: (Goldammer JG, de Ronde C ed.) Wildland fire management handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa. Global Fire Monitoring Centre (GFMC), pp 27-59.
94. UNCCD (1994) United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. Nairobi (Kenya): UNEP.
95. Van de Vijver (1999) Fire and life in Tarangire. Effects of burning and herbivory on an East African savanna system. WAU dissertation no. 2664. Wageningen University PhD theses. Unpublished// http://library.wur.nl/wda/abstracts/ab2664.html.
96. Van Wilgen, BW, Biggs HC, O‘Regan SP, Mare N (2000) A fire history of the savanna ecosystems in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, between 1941 and 1996. South Afr J Sci 96:167-183
97. Van Wilgen BW, Govender N, Biggs HC, Ntsala D, Funda XN (2004) Response of savanna fire regimes to changing fire management policies in a large Africa National Park. Conserv Biol 18:1533-1540
98. Van Wilgen BW, Scholes RJ (1997) The vegetation and fire regimes of Southern Hemisphere Africa. In: Brian W. van Wilgen, Andreae MO, Goldammer JG, Lindesay JA (Eds.) Fire in Southern African Savannas, Ecology and Atmospheric Perspective. Witwatersrand University Press. Johannesburg, pp 27-46
99. Van Wilgen B, Andreae MO, Goldammer JG, Lindesay JA (1997) Fire in Southern African Savannas. Ecology and atmospheric Perspective. Witwatersrand University Press. Johannesburg. 255 pp.
100. Vogel CH, Smith J (2002) Building social resilience in arid ecosystems. In: Reynolds JF, Stafford-Smith DM (eds). Global desertification. Do human cause deserts? Dahlem UniversityPress, Berlin.pp 148-166
101. Wade DD, Brock BL, Brose PH, Grace JB, Hoch GA, Patterson III WA (2000) Fire in eastern ecosystems. In: Brown, J.K., Smith, J.K. (Eds.), Wildland Fire in Ecosystems: Effects of Fire on Flora. USDA Forest Services Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-42, pp. 53-96
102. Williams T (2001) INCITE. Burning Money: The press and politicians called fire season 2000 “a natural disaster.” The fires were natural, but the “disaster” was how much the United States spent to fight them. Audubon Magazine, January-February, pp 1-5
103. WMO (2005) Climate and land degradation. WMO-No. 989. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switerland. 32 pp.
104. Yeaton RI (1988) Porcupines, fires and dynamics of the tree layer of the Burkea Africana savanna. J. Ecol 76:1017-1029.