메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 234, Issue 1, 2017, Pages T125-T140

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: 60 years of research and development

Author keywords

Apararenone; Canrenone; Eplerenone; Esaxerenone; Finerenone; Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists; Potassium canrenoate; Spironolactone

Indexed keywords

7ALPHA THIOMETHYLSPIRONOLACTONE; APARARENONE; CANRENOATE POTASSIUM; CANRENONE; EPLERENONE; ESAXERENONE; FINERENONE; MESPIRENONE; MEXRENOATE POTASSIUM; MINERALOCORTICOID ANTAGONIST; POTASSIUM OXPRENOATE; POTASSIUM PRORENOATE; SPIRONOLACTONE; SPIRORENONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR;

EID: 85023173577     PISSN: 00220795     EISSN: 14796805     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1530/JOE-16-0600     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (188)

References (115)
  • 1
    • 85023170530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pfizer, distributed by G.D. Searle LLC, LAB-0231-4.0, revised January 2008. New York, NY, USA: Pfizer Inc
    • Aldactone NDA. 2008. Aldactone, spironolactone tablets USP, NDA 12-151/S-062, Pfizer, distributed by G.D. Searle LLC, LAB-0231-4.0, revised January 2008. New York, NY, USA: Pfizer Inc. (available at: http://www. accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/012151s062lbl.pdf)
    • (2008) Aldactone, spironolactone tablets USP, NDA 12-151/S-062
    • Aldactone, N.D.A.1
  • 4
    • 84948951465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CS-3150, a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, prevents hypertension and cardiorenal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats
    • Arai K, Tsuruoka H & Homma T. 2015. CS-3150, a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, prevents hypertension and cardiorenal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 769:266-273. (doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.028)
    • (2015) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.769 , pp. 266-273
    • Arai, K.1    Tsuruoka, H.2    Homma, T.3
  • 5
    • 84983742558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CS-3150, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, shows preventive and therapeutic effects on renal injury in deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertensive rats
    • Arai K, Morikawa Y, Ubukata N, Tsuruoka H & Homma T. 2016. CS-3150, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, shows preventive and therapeutic effects on renal injury in deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertensive rats. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 358:548-557. (doi:10.1124/jpet.116.234765)
    • (2016) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , vol.358 , pp. 548-557
    • Arai, K.1    Morikawa, Y.2    Ubukata, N.3    Tsuruoka, H.4    Homma, T.5
  • 7
    • 0023221667 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of human mineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA: structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor
    • Arriza JL, Weinberger C, Cerelli G, Glaser TM, Handelin BL, Housman DE & Evans RM. 1987. Cloning of human mineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA: structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor. Science 237:268-275. (doi:10.1126/science.3037703)
    • (1987) Science , vol.237 , pp. 268-275
    • Arriza, J.L.1    Weinberger, C.2    Cerelli, G.3    Glaser, T.M.4    Handelin, B.L.5    Housman, D.E.6    Evans, R.M.7
  • 8
    • 84940729269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of finerenone on albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomized clinical trial. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist tolerability study-diabetic nephropathy (ARTS-DN) study group
    • Bakris GL, Agarwal R, Chan JC, Cooper ME, Gansevoort RT, Haller H, Remuzzi G, Rossing P, Schmieder RE, Nowack C, et al. 2015. Effect of finerenone on albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomized clinical trial. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist tolerability study-diabetic nephropathy (ARTS-DN) study group. JAMA 314:884-894. (doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10081)
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.314 , pp. 884-894
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Agarwal, R.2    Chan, J.C.3    Cooper, M.E.4    Gansevoort, R.T.5    Haller, H.6    Remuzzi, G.7    Rossing, P.8    Schmieder, R.E.9    Nowack, C.10
  • 10
    • 84882321401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ARTS of third-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: achieving cardiovascular benefit with minimized renal side effects?
    • Bauersachs J. 2013. The ARTS of third-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: achieving cardiovascular benefit with minimized renal side effects? European Heart Journal 34 2426-2428. (doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht235)
    • (2013) European Heart Journal , vol.34 , pp. 2426-2428
    • Bauersachs, J.1
  • 12
    • 59049107132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal aspirin: will all patients with chronic kidney disease one day take spironolactone?
    • Bomback AS, Kshirsagar AV & Klemmer PJ. 2009. Renal aspirin: will all patients with chronic kidney disease one day take spironolactone? Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology 5 74-75. (doi:10.1038/ncpneph1004)
    • (2009) Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology , vol.5 , pp. 74-75
    • Bomback, A.S.1    Kshirsagar, A.V.2    Klemmer, P.J.3
  • 15
    • 0025675680 scopus 로고
    • Remodeling of the rat right and left ventricles in experimental hypertension
    • Brilla CG, Pick R, Tan LB, Janicki JS & Weber KT. 1990. Remodeling of the rat right and left ventricles in experimental hypertension. Circulation Research 67:1355-1364. (doi:10.1161/01.RES.67.6.1355)
    • (1990) Circulation Research , vol.67 , pp. 1355-1364
    • Brilla, C.G.1    Pick, R.2    Tan, L.B.3    Janicki, J.S.4    Weber, K.T.5
  • 16
    • 0021321917 scopus 로고
    • The renal action of spirorenone and other 6β, 7β; 15β, 16β-dimethylene-17-spirolactones, a new type of steroidal aldosterone antagonists
    • Casals-Stenzel J, Buse M, Wambach G & Losert W. 1984. The renal action of spirorenone and other 6β, 7β; 15β, 16β-dimethylene-17-spirolactones, a new type of steroidal aldosterone antagonists. Arzneimittelforschung 34:241-246
    • (1984) Arzneimittelforschung , vol.34 , pp. 241-246
    • Casals-Stenzel, J.1    Buse, M.2    Wambach, G.3    Losert, W.4
  • 18
    • 0000084418 scopus 로고
    • Steroidal aldosterone blockers. II
    • Cella JA & Tweit RC. 1959. Steroidal aldosterone blockers. II. Journal of Organic Chemistry 24:1109-1110. (doi:10.1021/jo01090a019)
    • (1959) Journal of Organic Chemistry , vol.24 , pp. 1109-1110
    • Cella, J.A.1    Tweit, R.C.2
  • 25
    • 0018418573 scopus 로고
    • Re-evaluation of the antimineralocorticoid effect of the spironolactone metabolite, canrenone, from plasma concentrations determined by a new high-pressure liquid-chromatographic method
    • Dahlöf CG, Lundborg P, Persson BA & Regårdh CG. 1979. Re-evaluation of the antimineralocorticoid effect of the spironolactone metabolite, canrenone, from plasma concentrations determined by a new high-pressure liquid-chromatographic method. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 7:103-107
    • (1979) Drug Metabolism and Disposition , vol.7 , pp. 103-107
    • Dahlöf, C.G.1    Lundborg, P.2    Persson, B.A.3    Regårdh, C.G.4
  • 28
    • 26944459667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerability of spironolactone as adjunctive treatment for heart failure in patients over 75 years of age
    • Dinsdale C, Wani M, Steward J & O'Mahony MS. 2005. Tolerability of spironolactone as adjunctive treatment for heart failure in patients over 75 years of age. Age and Ageing 34:395-398. (doi:10.1093/ageing/afi104)
    • (2005) Age and Ageing , vol.34 , pp. 395-398
    • Dinsdale, C.1    Wani, M.2    Steward, J.3    O'Mahony, M.S.4
  • 29
    • 47949124405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke therapy: is spironolactone the holy grail?
    • Dorrance AM. 2008. Stroke therapy: is spironolactone the holy grail? Endocrinology 149 3761-3763. (doi:10.1210/en.2008-0724)
    • (2008) Endocrinology , vol.149 , pp. 3761-3763
    • Dorrance, A.M.1
  • 30
    • 0023806995 scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone: no longer for hypertension
    • Eds Andrew Herxheimer. London, UK: Consumers' Association Ltd
    • Drug and Therapeutic Bulletin. 1988. Spironolactone: no longer for hypertension. In Drug and Therapeutic Bulletin, vol. 26, p 88. Eds Andrew Herxheimer. London, UK: Consumers' Association Ltd
    • (1988) In Drug and Therapeutic Bulletin , vol.26 , pp. 88
  • 33
    • 0018237474 scopus 로고
    • Fatal hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis. Association with spironolactone in the absence of renal impairment
    • Feinfeld DA & Carvounis CP. 1978. Fatal hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis. Association with spironolactone in the absence of renal impairment. JAMA 240:1516. (doi:10.1001/jama.1978.03290140058027)
    • (1978) JAMA , vol.240 , pp. 1516
    • Feinfeld, D.A.1    Carvounis, C.P.2
  • 34
    • 0015430958 scopus 로고
    • Subcellular mechanism in the action of the adrenal steroids
    • Feldman D, Funder JW & Edelman IS. 1972. Subcellular mechanism in the action of the adrenal steroids. American Journal of Medicine 53:545-560. (doi:10.1016/0002-9343(72)90152-0)
    • (1972) American Journal of Medicine , vol.53 , pp. 545-560
    • Feldman, D.1    Funder, J.W.2    Edelman, I.S.3
  • 35
    • 84980360918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled study of finerenone vs eplerenone in patients with worsening chronic heart failure and diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease
    • Filippatos G, Anker SD, Böhm M, Gheorghiade M, Køber L, Krum H, Maggioni AP, Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Zannad F, et al. 2016. A randomized controlled study of finerenone vs eplerenone in patients with worsening chronic heart failure and diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease. European Heart Journal 37:2105-2114. (doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw132)
    • (2016) European Heart Journal , vol.37 , pp. 2105-2114
    • Filippatos, G.1    Anker, S.D.2    Böhm, M.3    Gheorghiade, M.4    Køber, L.5    Krum, H.6    Maggioni, A.P.7    Ponikowski, P.8    Voors, A.A.9    Zannad, F.10
  • 36
    • 69549084886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trails of discovery: aldosterone antagonists: a model of translational medicine
    • Fitzgerald N & Fitzgerald JD. 2009. Trails of discovery: aldosterone antagonists: a model of translational medicine. Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine 14:119-125
    • (2009) Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine , vol.14 , pp. 119-125
    • Fitzgerald, N.1    Fitzgerald, J.D.2
  • 37
    • 21244485815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralocorticoid receptors: distribution and activation
    • Funder JW. 2005. Mineralocorticoid receptors: distribution and activation. Heart Failure Reviews 10:15-22. (doi:10.1007/s10741-005-2344-2)
    • (2005) Heart Failure Reviews , vol.10 , pp. 15-22
    • Funder, J.W.1
  • 38
    • 0015295870 scopus 로고
    • Specific aldosterone binding in rat kidney and parotid
    • Funder JW, Feldman D & Edelman IS. 1972. Specific aldosterone binding in rat kidney and parotid. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 3:209-218. (doi:10.1016/0022-4731(72)90052-0)
    • (1972) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry , vol.3 , pp. 209-218
    • Funder, J.W.1    Feldman, D.2    Edelman, I.S.3
  • 39
    • 0016380105 scopus 로고
    • Molecular modifications of anti-aldosterone compounds: effects on affinity of spirolactones for renal aldosterone receptors
    • Funder JW, Feldman D, Highland E & Edelman IS. 1974. Molecular modifications of anti-aldosterone compounds: effects on affinity of spirolactones for renal aldosterone receptors. Biochemical Pharmacology 23:1493-1501. (doi:10.1016/0006-2952(74)90386-4)
    • (1974) Biochemical Pharmacology , vol.23 , pp. 1493-1501
    • Funder, J.W.1    Feldman, D.2    Highland, E.3    Edelman, I.S.4
  • 41
    • 0024442132 scopus 로고
    • Vascular type I aldosterone binding sites are physiological mineralocorticoid receptors
    • Funder JW, Pearce PT, Smith R & Campbell J. 1989. Vascular type I aldosterone binding sites are physiological mineralocorticoid receptors. Endocrinology 125:2224-2226
    • (1989) Endocrinology , vol.125 , pp. 2224-2226
    • Funder, J.W.1    Pearce, P.T.2    Smith, R.3    Campbell, J.4
  • 45
    • 0012020788 scopus 로고
    • A fluorimetric method for the determination of a major spironolactone (Aldactone) metabolite in human plasma
    • Gochman N & Gantt CL. 1962. A fluorimetric method for the determination of a major spironolactone (Aldactone) metabolite in human plasma. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 135:312-316
    • (1962) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , vol.135 , pp. 312-316
    • Gochman, N.1    Gantt, C.L.2
  • 46
    • 84954233101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Third-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: why do we need a fourth?
    • Gomez-Sanchez EP. 2016. Third-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: why do we need a fourth? Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 67 26-38. (doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000000329)
    • (2016) Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology , vol.67 , pp. 26-38
    • Gomez-Sanchez, E.P.1
  • 47
    • 0026529495 scopus 로고
    • Central mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism blocks hypertension in Dahl S/JR rats
    • Gomez-Sanchez EP, Fort C & Thwaites D. 1992. Central mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism blocks hypertension in Dahl S/JR rats. American Journal of Physiology 262:E96-E99
    • (1992) American Journal of Physiology , vol.262 , pp. E96-E99
    • Gomez-Sanchez, E.P.1    Fort, C.2    Thwaites, D.3
  • 50
    • 85008474296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finerenone: a new mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist without hyperkalemia: an opportunity in patients with CKD?
    • Haller H, Bertram A, Stahl K & Menne J. 2016. Finerenone: a new mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist without hyperkalemia: an opportunity in patients with CKD? Current Hypertension Reports 18 41. (doi:10.1007/s11906-016-0649-2)
    • (2016) Current Hypertension Reports , vol.18 , pp. 41
    • Haller, H.1    Bertram, A.2    Stahl, K.3    Menne, J.4
  • 51
    • 0013930709 scopus 로고
    • Fatal hyperkalemic paralysis associated with spironalactone. Observation on a patient with severe renal disease and refractory edema
    • Herman E & Rado J. 1966. Fatal hyperkalemic paralysis associated with spironalactone. Observation on a patient with severe renal disease and refractory edema. Archives of Neurology 15:74-77. (doi:10.1001/archneur.1966.00470130078008)
    • (1966) Archives of Neurology , vol.15 , pp. 74-77
    • Herman, E.1    Rado, J.2
  • 58
    • 85023171484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silverspring, MD, USA: FDA, US Food and Drug Administration
    • Inspra Prescribing Information. 2002. INSPRA (eplerenone) tablets: highlights of prescribing information. Silverspring, MD, USA: FDA, US Food and Drug Administration (available at: http://www. accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021437s006lbl.pdf)
    • (2002) INSPRA (eplerenone) tablets: highlights of prescribing information
  • 61
    • 0000167622 scopus 로고
    • Action of new steroids in blocking effects of aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone on salt
    • Kagawa CM, Cella JA & Van Arman CG. 1957. Action of new steroids in blocking effects of aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone on salt. Science 126:1015-1016. (doi:10.1126/science.126.3281.1015)
    • (1957) Science , vol.126 , pp. 1015-1016
    • Kagawa, C.M.1    Cella, J.A.2    Van Arman, C.G.3
  • 63
    • 0018164753 scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone: disposition, metabolism, pharmacodynamics, and bioavailability
    • Karim A. 1978. Spironolactone: disposition, metabolism, pharmacodynamics, and bioavailability. Drug Metabolism Reviews 8:151-188. (doi:10.3109/03602537808993782)
    • (1978) Drug Metabolism Reviews , vol.8 , pp. 151-188
    • Karim, A.1
  • 64
    • 0015370920 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and identification of novel sulfurcontaining metabolites of spironolactone (Aldactone)
    • Karim A & Brown EA. 1972. Isolation and identification of novel sulfurcontaining metabolites of spironolactone (Aldactone). Steroids 20:41-62. (doi:10.1016/0039-128X(72)90117-1)
    • (1972) Steroids , vol.20 , pp. 41-62
    • Karim, A.1    Brown, E.A.2
  • 65
    • 84856337738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular pharmacology of the mineralocorticoid receptor: prospects for novel therapeutics
    • Kolkhof P & Borden SA. 2012. Molecular pharmacology of the mineralocorticoid receptor: prospects for novel therapeutics. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 350:310-317. (doi:10.1016/j. mce.2011.06.025)
    • (2012) Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology , vol.350 , pp. 310-317
    • Kolkhof, P.1    Borden, S.A.2
  • 68
    • 85020624973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroidal and novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure and cardiorenal diseases: comparison at bench and bedside
    • [in press]
    • Kolkhof P, Jaisser F, Kim SY, Filippatos G, Nowack C & Pitt B. 2016. Steroidal and novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure and cardiorenal diseases: comparison at bench and bedside. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology [in press]. (doi:10.1007/164_2016_76)
    • (2016) Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
    • Kolkhof, P.1    Jaisser, F.2    Kim, S.Y.3    Filippatos, G.4    Nowack, C.5    Pitt, B.6
  • 69
    • 0020544634 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of the new aldosterone antagonist, spirorenone, in healthy volunteers after single and repeated daily doses
    • Krause W, Sack C & Seifert W. 1983. Pharmacokinetics of the new aldosterone antagonist, spirorenone, in healthy volunteers after single and repeated daily doses. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 25:231-236. (doi:10.1007/BF00543796)
    • (1983) European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.25 , pp. 231-236
    • Krause, W.1    Sack, C.2    Seifert, W.3
  • 70
    • 0000051952 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the sodium-retaining influence of aldosterone by progesterone
    • Landau RL & Lugibihl K. 1958. Inhibition of the sodium-retaining influence of aldosterone by progesterone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 18:1237-1245. (doi:10.1210/jcem-18-11-1237)
    • (1958) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.18 , pp. 1237-1245
    • Landau, R.L.1    Lugibihl, K.2
  • 73
    • 37049252880 scopus 로고
    • Sodium diuresis induced by steroidal antagonists of aldosterone
    • Liddle GW. 1957. Sodium diuresis induced by steroidal antagonists of aldosterone. Science 126:1016-1018. (doi:10.1126/science.126.3281.1016)
    • (1957) Science , vol.126 , pp. 1016-1018
    • Liddle, G.W.1
  • 74
    • 0006970374 scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone antagonists
    • Liddle GW. 1958. Aldosterone antagonists. Archives of Internal Medicine 102:998-1004. (doi:10.1001/archinte.1958.00260230144018)
    • (1958) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.102 , pp. 998-1004
    • Liddle, G.W.1
  • 75
    • 84948958950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finerenone: third-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist for the treatment of heart failure and diabetic kidney disease
    • Liu LC, Schutte E, Gansevoort RT, van der Meer P & Voors AA. 2015. Finerenone: third-generation mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist for the treatment of heart failure and diabetic kidney disease. Expert Opinions on Investigational Drugs 24:1123-1135. (doi:10.1517/135437 84.2015.1059819)
    • (2015) Expert Opinions on Investigational Drugs , vol.24 , pp. 1123-1135
    • Liu, L.C.1    Schutte, E.2    Gansevoort, R.T.3    van der Meer, P.4    Voors, A.A.5
  • 76
    • 0021925007 scopus 로고
    • Progestagens with antimineralocorticoid activity
    • Losert W, Casals-Stenzel J & Buse M. 1985. Progestagens with antimineralocorticoid activity. Drug Research 35:459-471
    • (1985) Drug Research , vol.35 , pp. 459-471
    • Losert, W.1    Casals-Stenzel, J.2    Buse, M.3
  • 79
    • 85023186721 scopus 로고
    • Toxikologisches profil von spironolacton und kaliumcanrenoat
    • Ed E Mutschler. München-Wien-Baltimore: Urban & Scharzenberg
    • Mayer DG, Bode G & Radzialowski FM. 1988. Toxikologisches profil von spironolacton und kaliumcanrenoat. In Therapie Mit Aldosteron-Antagonisten. Ed E Mutschler. München-Wien-Baltimore: Urban & Scharzenberg, ISBN 3-541-12741-4
    • (1988) In Therapie Mit Aldosteron-Antagonisten
    • Mayer, D.G.1    Bode, G.2    Radzialowski, F.M.3
  • 80
    • 0020455929 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of prorenoate potassium and spironolactone after repeated doses and steady state plasma levels of active metabolites
    • McInnes GT, Shelton JR, Harrison IR, Perkins RM & Palmer RF. 1982. Comparison of prorenoate potassium and spironolactone after repeated doses and steady state plasma levels of active metabolites. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 13:187-194. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01354.x)
    • (1982) British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.13 , pp. 187-194
    • McInnes, G.T.1    Shelton, J.R.2    Harrison, I.R.3    Perkins, R.M.4    Palmer, R.F.5
  • 82
    • 2342511545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 45-year story of the development of an antialdosterone more specific than spironolactone
    • Ménard J. 2004. The 45-year story of the development of an antialdosterone more specific than spironolactone. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 217:45-52. (doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.008)
    • (2004) Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology , vol.217 , pp. 45-52
    • Ménard, J.1
  • 84
    • 0028910917 scopus 로고
    • Drospirenone: a novel progestogen with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity. Pharmacological characterization in animal models
    • Muhn P, Krattenmacher R, Beier S, Elger W & Schillinger E. 1995. Drospirenone: a novel progestogen with antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity. Pharmacological characterization in animal models. Contraception 51:99-110. (doi:10.1016/0010-7824(94)00015-O)
    • (1995) Contraception , vol.51 , pp. 99-110
    • Muhn, P.1    Krattenmacher, R.2    Beier, S.3    Elger, W.4    Schillinger, E.5
  • 85
    • 84980347489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finerenone in heart failure: walking a fine line
    • Naegele M, Hernandez AF & Ruschitzka F. 2016. Finerenone in heart failure: walking a fine line. European Heart Journal 37:2115-2117. (doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw155)
    • (2016) European Heart Journal , vol.37 , pp. 2115-2117
    • Naegele, M.1    Hernandez, A.F.2    Ruschitzka, F.3
  • 86
    • 85023192128 scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone and potassium canrenoate-despite chemical similarities, differing metabolism accounts for different toxicological findings in animals
    • Ed E Mutschler. München-Wien-Baltimore: Urban & Scharzenberg
    • Oppermann JA, Piper C & Gardiner P. 1988. Spironolactone and potassium canrenoate-despite chemical similarities, differing metabolism accounts for different toxicological findings in animals. In Therapie Mit Aldosteron-Antagonisten. Ed E Mutschler. München-Wien-Baltimore: Urban & Scharzenberg, ISBN 3-541-12741-4
    • (1988) In Therapie Mit Aldosteron-Antagonisten
    • Oppermann, J.A.1    Piper, C.2    Gardiner, P.3
  • 89
    • 0023585013 scopus 로고
    • High affinity aldosterone binding sites (type I receptors) in rat heart
    • Pearce P & Funder JW. 1987. High affinity aldosterone binding sites (type I receptors) in rat heart. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 14:859-866. (doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb02422.x)
    • (1987) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology , vol.14 , pp. 859-866
    • Pearce, P.1    Funder, J.W.2
  • 90
    • 0033517302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators
    • Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, Palensky J & Wittes J. 1999. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. New England Journal of Medicine 341:709-717. (doi:10.1056/NEJM199909023411001)
    • (1999) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.341 , pp. 709-717
    • Pitt, B.1    Zannad, F.2    Remme, W.J.3    Cody, R.4    Castaigne, A.5    Perez, A.6    Palensky, J.7    Wittes, J.8
  • 92
  • 93
    • 84882415231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94-8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trial
    • Pitt B, Kober L, Ponikowski P, Gheorghiade M, Filippatos G, Krum H, Nowack C, Kolkhof P, Kim SY & Zannad F. 2013. Safety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94-8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trial. European Heart Journal 34:2453-2463. (doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht187)
    • (2013) European Heart Journal , vol.34 , pp. 2453-2463
    • Pitt, B.1    Kober, L.2    Ponikowski, P.3    Gheorghiade, M.4    Filippatos, G.5    Krum, H.6    Nowack, C.7    Kolkhof, P.8    Kim, S.Y.9    Zannad, F.10
  • 94
    • 0015734378 scopus 로고
    • Hyperkalemic cardiac arrhythmia secondary to spironolactone
    • Pongpaew C, Songkhla RN & Kozam RL. 1973. Hyperkalemic cardiac arrhythmia secondary to spironolactone. Chest 63:1023-1025. (doi:10.1378/chest.63.6.1023)
    • (1973) Chest , vol.63 , pp. 1023-1025
    • Pongpaew, C.1    Songkhla, R.N.2    Kozam, R.L.3
  • 97
    • 85020620448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Masked and nocturnal hypertension in the ARTS-DN ABPM sub-study with finerenone
    • Ruilope LM, Nowack C & Bakris GL. 2016. Masked and nocturnal hypertension in the ARTS-DN ABPM sub-study with finerenone. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension 10:(Supplement 1) e7. (doi:10.1016/j.jash.2016.06.021)
    • (2016) Journal of the American Society of Hypertension , vol.10
    • Ruilope, L.M.1    Nowack, C.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 99
    • 0019977854 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological investigation on the effect of ZK 35973 (spirorenone INN), a new aldosterone antagonist in man
    • abstract 106
    • Seifert W, Groß C, Krais T & Müller U. 1982. Pharmacological investigation on the effect of ZK 35973 (spirorenone INN), a new aldosterone antagonist in man. Acta Endocrinologica 99:(Supplement 246) abstract 106. (doi:10.1530/acta.0.0990III)
    • (1982) Acta Endocrinologica , vol.99
    • Seifert, W.1    Groß, C.2    Krais, T.3    Müller, U.4
  • 100
    • 0012651250 scopus 로고
    • Production of nephrosclerosis by overdosage with desoxycorticosterone acetate
    • Selye H. 1942. Production of nephrosclerosis by overdosage with desoxycorticosterone acetate. Canadian Medical Association Journal 47:515-519
    • (1942) Canadian Medical Association Journal , vol.47 , pp. 515-519
    • Selye, H.1
  • 101
    • 84954981008 scopus 로고
    • The general adaptation syndrome and the diseases of adaptation
    • Selye H. 1946. The general adaptation syndrome and the diseases of adaptation. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 6:117-230. (doi:10.1210/jcem-6-2-117)
    • (1946) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.6 , pp. 117-230
    • Selye, H.1
  • 102
    • 37049249617 scopus 로고
    • Anticortisol action of aldosterone
    • Selye H. 1955. Anticortisol action of aldosterone. Science 121:368-369. (doi:10.1126/science.121.3141.368)
    • (1955) Science , vol.121 , pp. 368-369
    • Selye, H.1
  • 103
    • 0038819295 scopus 로고
    • Protection by a steroid-spirolactone against certain types of cardiac necroses
    • Selye H. 1960. Protection by a steroid-spirolactone against certain types of cardiac necroses. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 104:212-213. (doi:10.3181/00379727-104-25782)
    • (1960) Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine , vol.104 , pp. 212-213
    • Selye, H.1
  • 104
    • 21244485814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mineralocorticoid blocking agents and their effects on potassium homeostasis
    • Sica DA. 2005. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mineralocorticoid blocking agents and their effects on potassium homeostasis. Heart Failure Reviews 10:23-29. (doi:10.1007/s10741-005-2345-1)
    • (2005) Heart Failure Reviews , vol.10 , pp. 23-29
    • Sica, D.A.1
  • 105
    • 84887224582 scopus 로고
    • A lesson to be gained from basic research programs
    • Sturtevant FM. 1992. A lesson to be gained from basic research programs. Current Contents 35:9
    • (1992) Current Contents , vol.35 , pp. 9
    • Sturtevant, F.M.1
  • 106
    • 0008853010 scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone and gynaecomastia
    • Smith WG. 1962. Spironolactone and gynaecomastia. Lancet 280:886. (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(62)90668-2)
    • (1962) Lancet , vol.280 , pp. 886
    • Smith, W.G.1
  • 107
    • 4143062592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How prevalent is hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction during treatment with spironolactone in patients with congestive heart failure?
    • Svensson M, Gustafsson F, Galatius S, Hildebrandt PR & Atar D. 2004. How prevalent is hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction during treatment with spironolactone in patients with congestive heart failure? Journal of Cardiac Failure 10 297-303. (doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2003.10.012)
    • (2004) Journal of Cardiac Failure , vol.10 , pp. 297-303
    • Svensson, M.1    Gustafsson, F.2    Galatius, S.3    Hildebrandt, P.R.4    Atar, D.5
  • 108
    • 84910274043 scopus 로고
    • The role of potassium in the natriuretic response to a steroidal lactone (SC-9420)
    • Taylor FF & Faloon WW. 1959. The role of potassium in the natriuretic response to a steroidal lactone (SC-9420). Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 19:1683-1687. (doi:10.1210/jcem-19-12-1683)
    • (1959) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.19 , pp. 1683-1687
    • Taylor, F.F.1    Faloon, W.W.2
  • 109
    • 84996340730 scopus 로고
    • The effect of sex hormones on the renal excretion of electrolytes
    • Thorn GW & Engel LL. 1938. The effect of sex hormones on the renal excretion of electrolytes. Journal of Experimental Medicine 68:299-312. (doi:10.1084/jem.68.3.299)
    • (1938) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.68 , pp. 299-312
    • Thorn, G.W.1    Engel, L.L.2
  • 113
    • 0035997359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension
    • Weinberger MH, Roniker B, Krause SL & Weiss RJ. 2002. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension. American Journal of Hypertension 15:709-716. (doi:10.1016/S0895-7061(02)02957-6)
    • (2002) American Journal of Hypertension , vol.15 , pp. 709-716
    • Weinberger, M.H.1    Roniker, B.2    Krause, S.L.3    Weiss, R.J.4
  • 114
    • 84959331256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonistspharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic differences
    • Yang J & Young MJ. 2016. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonistspharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic differences. Current Opinions in Pharmacology 27:78-85. (doi:10.1016/j. coph.2016.02.005)
    • (2016) Current Opinions in Pharmacology , vol.27 , pp. 78-85
    • Yang, J.1    Young, M.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.