Autologous blood salvage in the era of patient blood management

Vox Sanguinis

Volumn 112, Issue 6, 2017, Pages 499-510

  Sikorski, R A ^a   Rizkalla, N A ^a   Yang, W W ^a   Frank, S M ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

autologous; blood; cell salvage; management

Indexed keywords

CITRIC ACID; HEPARIN;

AUTOTRANSFUSION UNIT; BLOOD AUTOTRANSFUSION; BLOOD SALVAGE; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; ERYTHROCYTE; HUMAN; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TREATMENT CONTRAINDICATION; TREATMENT INDICATION; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DEVICES; ECONOMICS; OPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS; PROCEDURES;

BLOOD LOSS, SURGICAL; BLOOD TRANSFUSION, AUTOLOGOUS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; HUMANS; OPERATIVE BLOOD SALVAGE;

EID: 85020212246     PISSN: 00429007     EISSN: 14230410     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/vox.12527     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. Alter HJ, Holland PV, Purcell RH, et al.: Posttransfusion hepatitis after exclusion of commercial and hepatitis-B antigen-positive donors. Ann Intern Med 1972; 77:691–699
2. Highmore W: Practical remarks on an overlooked source of blood supply for transfusion in post-partum haemorrhage suggested by a recent fatal case. Lancet 1874; 103:89–90
3. Jarcho S: William Halsted on refusion of blood in carbon monoxide poisoning (1883). Am J Cardiol 1961; 7:589–597
4. Duncan J: On Re-Infusion of blood in primary and other amputations. Br Med J 1886; 1:192–193
5. Thies HJ: Zur Behandlung der Extrauteringravidität Zentralbl Gynäkol 1914; 38:1191–1193
6. Wilson JD, Taswell HF: Autotransfusion: historical review and preliminary report on a new method. Mayo Clin Proc 1968; 43:26–35
7. Klebanoff G: Early clinical experience with a disposable unit for the intraoperative salvage and reinfusion of blood loss (intraoperative autotransfusion). Am J Surg 1970; 120:718–722
8. Duncan SE, Klebanoff G, Rogers W: Patient experience with intraoperative autotransfusion. Rev Surg 1974; 31:121–124
9. Reeder GD: Autotransfusion theory of operation: a review of the physics and hematology. Transfusion 2004; 44(12 Suppl):35S–39S
10. Rubens FD, Boodhwani M, Lavalee G, et al.: Perioperative red blood cell salvage. Can J Anaesth 2003; 50(6 Suppl):S31–S40
11. Ashworth A, Klein AA: Cell salvage as part of a blood conservation strategy in anaesthesia. Brit J Anaesth 2010; 105:401–416
12. Szpisjak DF: Debris elimination from partially-filled cell salvage bowls. Anesth Analg 2001; 92:1137–1138
13. Ramirez G, Romero A, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, et al.: Detection and removal of fat particles from postoperative salvaged blood in orthopedic surgery. Transfusion 2002; 42:66–75
14. AABB. Standards for perioperative autologous blood collection and administration. 2014. http://www.aabb.org/press/Pages/pr140325.aspx [Last accessed 22 January 2016]
15. Waters JH, Williams B, Yazer MH, et al.: Modification of suction-induced hemolysis during cell salvage. Anesth Analg 2007; 104:684–687
16. Waters JH, Sprung J: Errors during intraoperative cell salvage because of inappropriate wash solutions. Anesth Analg 2001; 93:1483–1485
17. Florio G, Valbonesi M, Lercari G, et al.: The Fresenius continuous autotransfusion system (CATS): preliminary studies and application. Int J Artif Organs 1996; 19:431–434
18. Bengtsson A, Avall A, Tylman M, et al.: Effects on complement activation of a new continuous autotransfusion system. Transfus Med 1997; 7:107–113
19. Konig G, Waters JH: Washing and filtering of cell-salvaged blood - does it make autotransfusion safer? Transfus Altern Transfus Med 2012; 12:78–87
20. Czer LS: Mediastinal bleeding after cardiac surgery: etiologies, diagnostic considerations, and blood conservation methods. J Cardiothorac Anesth 1989; 3:760–775
21. Kongsgaard UE, Hovig T, Brosstad F, et al.: Platelets in shed mediastinal blood used for postoperative autotransfusion. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1993; 37:265–268
22. Waters JH, Dyga RM: Postoperative blood salvage: outside the controlled world of the blood bank. Transfusion 2007; 47:362–365
23. Biagini D, Filippucci E, Agnelli G, et al.: Activation of blood coagulation in patients undergoing postoperative blood salvage and re-infusion of unwashed whole blood after total knee arthroplasty. Thromb Res 2004; 113:211–215
24. Weltert L, Nardella S, Rondinelli MB, et al.: Reduction of allogeneic red blood cell usage during cardiac surgery by an integrated intra- and postoperative blood salvage strategy: results of a randomized comparison. Transfusion 2013; 53:790–797
25. Domen RE: Adverse reactions associated with autologous blood transfusion: evaluation and incidence at a large academic hospital. Transfusion 1998; 38:296–300
26. Resar LM, Frank SM: Bloodless medicine: what to do when you can't transfuse. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2014; 2014:553–558
27. Resar LM, Wick EC, Almasri TN, et al.: Bloodless medicine: current strategies and emerging treatment paradigms. Transfusion 2016; 56:2637–2647
28. Waters JH: Indications and contraindications of cell salvage. Transfusion 2004; 44(12 Suppl):40S–44S
29. Waters JH, Tuohy MJ, Hobson DF, et al.: Bacterial reduction by cell salvage washing and leukocyte depletion filtration. Anesthesiology 2003; 99:652–655
30. Smith RN, Yaw PB, Glover JL: Autotransfusion of contaminated intraperitoneal blood: an experimental study. J Trauma 1978; 18:341–344
31. Okunuga A, Skelton VA: Use of cell salvage in patients with sickle cell trait. Int J Obstet Anesth 2009; 18:90–91
32. Allam J, Cox M, Yentis SM: Cell salvage in obstetrics. Int J Obstet Anesth 2008; 17:37–45
33. Sullivan I, Faulds J, Ralph C: Contamination of salvaged maternal blood by amniotic fluid and fetal red cells during elective Caesarean section. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:225–229
34. Yaw PB, Sentany M, Link WJ, Wahle WM, Glover JL: Tumor cells carried through autotransfusion: contraindication to intraoperative blood recovery? JAMA 1975; 231:490–491
35. Salsbury AJ: The significance of the circulating cancer cell. Cancer Treat Rev 1975; 2:55–72
36. Cole WH: The mechanisms of spread of cancer. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1973; 137:853–871
37. Waters JH, Donnenberg AD: Blood salvage and cancer surgery: should we do it? Transfusion 2009; 49:2016–2018
38. Beck-Schimmer B, Romero B, Booy C, et al.: Release of inflammatory mediators in irradiated cell salvage blood and their biological consequences in human beings following transfusion. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2004; 21:46–52
39. Connor JP, Morris PC, Alagoz T, et al.: Intraoperative autologous blood collection and autotransfusion in the surgical management of early cancers of the uterine cervix. Obstet Gynecol 1995; 86:373–378
40. Catling S, Williams S, Freites O, et al.: Use of a leucocyte filter to remove tumour cells from intra-operative cell salvage blood. Anaesthesia 2008; 63:1332–1338
41. Nieder AM, Manoharan M, Yang Y, et al.: Intraoperative cell salvage during radical cystectomy does not affect long-term survival. Urology 2007; 69:881–884
42. Stoffel JT, Topjian L, Libertino JA: Analysis of peripheral blood for prostate cells after autologous transfusion given during radical prostatectomy. BJU Int 2005; 96:313–315
43. Davis M, Sofer M, Gomez-Marin O, et al.: The use of cell salvage during radical retropubic prostatectomy: does it influence cancer recurrence? BJU Int 2003; 91:474–476
44. Kumar N, Ahmed Q, Lee VK, et al.: Can there be a place for intraoperative salvaged blood in spine tumor surgery? Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21:2436–2443
45. Amato A, Pescatori M. Perioperative blood transfusions for the recurrence of colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; (1):CD005033
46. Scott AV, Nagababu E, Johnson DJ, et al.: 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate concentrations in autologous salvaged versus stored red blood cells and in surgical patients after transfusion. Anesth Analg 2016; 122:616–623
47. Noon GP, Solis RT, Natelson EA: A simple method of intraoperative autotransfusion. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1976; 143:65–70
48. O'Hara PJ, Hertzer NR, Santilli PH, et al.: Intraoperative autotransfusion during abdominal aortic reconstruction. Am J Surg 1983; 145:215–220
49. Chien S: Red cell deformability and its relevance to blood flow. Annu Rev Physiol 1987; 49:177–192
50. Frank SM, Abazyan B, Ono M, et al.: Decreased erythrocyte deformability after transfusion and the effects of erythrocyte storage duration. Anesth Analg 2013; 116:975–981
51. Gu YJ, Vermeijden WJ, de Vries AJ, et al.: Influence of mechanical cell salvage on red blood cell aggregation, deformability, and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 2008; 86:1570–1575
52. Salaria ON, Barodka VM, Hogue CW, et al.: Impaired red blood cell deformability after transfusion of stored allogeneic blood but not autologous salvaged blood in cardiac surgery patients. Anesth Analg 2014; 118:1179–1187
53. Yazer MH, Waters JH, Elkin KR, et al.: A comparison of hemolysis and red cell mechanical fragility in blood collected with different cell salvage suction devices. Transfusion 2008; 48:1188–1191
54. Waters JH, Lee JS, Karafa MT: A mathematical model of cell salvage efficiency. Anesth Analg 2002; 95:1312–1317
55. Haynes SL, Bennett JR, Torella F, et al.: Does washing swabs increase the efficiency of red cell recovery by cell salvage in aortic surgery? Vox Sang 2005; 88:244–248
56. Carless PA, Henry DA, Moxey AJ, et al. Cell salvage for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; (4):CD001888
57. So-Osman C, Nelissen RG, Koopman-van Gemert AW, et al.: Patient blood management in elective total hip- and knee-replacement surgery (Part 1): a randomized controlled trial on erythropoietin and blood salvage as transfusion alternatives using a restrictive transfusion policy in erythropoietin-eligible patients. Anesthesiology 2014; 120:839–851
58. So-Osman C, Nelissen RG, Koopman-van Gemert AW, et al.: Patient blood management in elective total hip- and knee-replacement surgery (part 2): a randomized controlled trial on blood salvage as transfusion alternative using a restrictive transfusion policy in patients with a preoperative hemoglobin above 13 g/dl. Anesthesiology 2014; 120:852–860
59. Geoghegan J, Daniels JP, Moore PA, et al.: Cell salvage at caesarean section: the need for an evidence-based approach. BJOG 2009; 116:743–747
60. Fong J, Gurewitsch ED, Kang HJ, et al.: An analysis of transfusion practice and the role of intraoperative red blood cell salvage during cesarean delivery. Anesth Analg 2007; 104:666–672
61. Healy CF, Doyle M, Egan B, et al.: Transfusion requirements and outcomes in patients undergoing abdominal aortic surgery using intra-operative cell salvage. Ir J Med Sci 2007; 176:33–36
62. Serracino-Inglott F, Awad S, Barclay A, et al.: The use of a cell saver during repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms increases early survival. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2005; 87:475
63. Takagi H, Sekino S, Kato T, et al.: Intraoperative autotransfusion in abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Surg 2007; 142:1098–1101
64. Markovic M, Davidovic L, Savic N, et al.: Intraoperative cell salvage versus allogeneic transfusion during abdominal aortic surgery: clinical and financial outcomes. Vascular 2009; 17:83–92
65. Bridgens JP, Evans CR, Dobson PM, et al.: Intraoperative red blood-cell salvage in revision hip surgery. A case-matched study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007; 89:270–275
66. Sinclair KC, Clarke HD, Noble BN: Blood management in total knee arthroplasty: a comparison of techniques. Orthopedics 2009; 32:19
67. Shenolikar A, Wareham K, Newington D, et al.: Cell salvage auto transfusion in total knee replacement surgery. Transfus Med 1997; 7:277–280
68. Wang G, Bainbridge D, Martin J, et al.: The efficacy of an intraoperative cell saver during cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesth Analg 2009; 109:320–330
69. Niranjan G, Asimakopoulos G, Karagounis A, et al.: Effects of cell saver autologous blood transfusion on blood loss and homologous blood transfusion requirements in patients undergoing cardiac surgery on- versus off-cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomised trial. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006; 30:271–277
70. Golab HD, Scohy TV, de Jong PL, et al.: Intraoperative cell salvage in infants undergoing elective cardiac surgery: a prospective trial. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008; 34:354–359
71. Frank SM, Rothschild JA, Masear CG, et al.: Optimizing preoperative blood ordering with data acquired from an anesthesia information management system. Anesthesiology 2013; 118:1286–1297
72. Waters JH, Dyga RM, Waters JF, et al.: The volume of returned red blood cells in a large blood salvage program: where does it all go? Transfusion 2011; 51:2126–2132
73. Frank SM: Who benefits from red blood cell salvage?–Utility and value of intraoperative autologous transfusion. Transfusion 2011; 51:2058–2060
74. Joseph SA Jr, Berekashvili K, Mariller MM, et al.: Blood conservation techniques in spinal deformity surgery: a retrospective review of patients refusing blood transfusion. Spine 2008; 33:2310–2315
75. Massicotte L, Thibeault L, Beaulieu D, et al.: Evaluation of cell salvage autotransfusion utility during liver transplantation. HPB 2007; 9:52–57
76. Esper SA, Waters JH: Intra-operative cell salvage: a fresh look at the indications and contraindications. Blood Transfus 2011; 9:139–147
77. Yazer MH, Waters JH: How do I implement a hospital-based blood management program? Transfusion 2012; 52:1640–1645
78. Shander A, Waters JH: Developments in patient blood management. Am Soc Anesth News 2011; 75:30–32
79. Rollins KE, Trim NL, Luddington RJ, et al.: Coagulopathy associated with massive cell salvage transfusion following aortic surgery. Perfusion 2012; 27:30–33
80. Rudra P, Basak S: Coagulopathy during intraoperative cell salvage in a patient with major obstetric haemorrhage. Br J Anaesth 2011; 106:280–281
81. Holcomb JB, Tilley BC, Baraniuk S, et al.: Transfusion of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 ratio and mortality in patients with severe trauma: the PROPPR randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2015; 313:471–482
82. Sistino JJ, Owitz D, Mongero LB: Heparin washout in the pediatric Cell Saver bowl. J Extra Corpor Technol 1992; 24:94–96
83. Paravicini D, Schmitz-Huebner U, Stinnesbeck B: Heparin elimination in intraoperative autotransfusion with the haemonetics cell saver. Infusionsther klin Ernahr 1983; 10:19–21
84. Mortelmans Y, Vermaut G, Van Aken H, et al.: Quality of washed salvaged red blood cells during total hip replacement: a comparison between the use of heparin and citrate as anticoagulants. Anesth Analg 1994; 79:357–363
85. Setzer ES, Ahmed F, Goldberg RN, et al.: Exchange transfusion using washed red blood cells reconstituted with fresh-frozen plasma for treatment of severe hyperkalemia in the neonate. J Pediatr 1984; 104:443–446
86. Bennett-Guerrero E, Veldman TH, Doctor A, et al.: Evolution of adverse changes in stored RBCs. Proc Nat Acad Sci 2007; 104:17063–17068
87. Lee AC, Reduque LL, Luban NL, et al.: Transfusion-associated hyperkalemic cardiac arrest in pediatric patients receiving massive transfusion. Transfusion 2014; 54:244–254
88. Bennett-Guerrero E, Kirby BS, Zhu H, et al.: Randomized study of washing 40- to 42-day-stored red blood cells. Transfusion 2014; 54:2544–2552