메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 119, Issue 17, 2014, Pages 10499-10514

Humidity variability revealed by a sounding array and its implications for cloud representation in GCMs

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85018214651     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: 21562202     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2014JD021837     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (8)

References (41)
  • 1
    • 0037243627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The atmospheric radiation measurement program, Phys
    • Ackerman, T. P., and G. Stokes (2003), The atmospheric radiation measurement program, Phys. Today, 56, 38–45, doi:10.1063/1.1554135.
    • (2003) Today , vol.56 , pp. 38-45
    • Ackerman, T.P.1    Stokes, G.2
  • 2
    • 0027009927 scopus 로고
    • A model of marine boundary-layer cloudiness for mesoscale applications
    • Bechtold, P., C. Fravalo, and J. P. Pinty (1992), A model of marine boundary-layer cloudiness for mesoscale applications, J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1723–1744.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.49 , pp. 1723-1744
    • Bechtold, P.1    Fravalo, C.2    Pinty, J.P.3
  • 3
    • 0035515160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A parameterization of the cloudiness associated with cumulus convection: Evaluation using TOGA COARE data
    • Bony, S., and K. A. Emanuel (2001), A parameterization of the cloudiness associated with cumulus convection: Evaluation using TOGA COARE data, J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3158–3183.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.58 , pp. 3158-3183
    • Bony, S.1    Emanuel, K.A.2
  • 4
    • 0036693062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple cloud parameterization derived from cloud resolving model data: Diagnostic and prognostic applications
    • Chaboureau, J. P., and P. Bechtold (2002), A simple cloud parameterization derived from cloud resolving model data: Diagnostic and prognostic applications, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2362–2372.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 2362-2372
    • Chaboureau, J.P.1    Bechtold, P.2
  • 5
    • 34247099422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative water vapour skewness and dry tongues in the convective boundary layer: Observations and large-eddy simulation budget analysis
    • Couvreux, F., F. Guichard, V. Masson, and J.-L. Redelsperge (2007), Negative water vapour skewness and dry tongues in the convective boundary layer: Observations and large-eddy simulation budget analysis, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 123, 269–294.
    • (2007) Boundary Layer Meteorol , vol.123 , pp. 269-294
    • Couvreux, F.1    Guichard, F.2    Masson, V.3    Redelsperge, J.-L.4
  • 6
    • 56349157052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the primary sources of spread of global warming estimates from coupled atmosphere-ocean models
    • Dufresne, J. L., and S. Bony (2008), An assessment of the primary sources of spread of global warming estimates from coupled atmosphere-ocean models, J. Clim., 21, 5135–5144.
    • (2008) J. Clim , vol.21 , pp. 5135-5144
    • Dufresne, J.L.1    Bony, S.2
  • 7
    • 84863337759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of TWP-ICE observational data with cloud-resolving model results
    • Fridlind, A. M., et al. (2012), A comparison of TWP-ICE observational data with cloud-resolving model results, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D05204, doi:10.1029/2011JD016595.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res , vol.117
    • Fridlind, A.M.1
  • 8
    • 0037116285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A PDF-based model for boundary layer clouds. Part I: Method and model description
    • Golaz, J.-C., V. E. Larson, and W. R. Cotton (2002), A PDF-based model for boundary layer clouds. Part I: Method and model description, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 3540–3551.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 3540-3551
    • Golaz, J.-C.1    Larson, V.E.2    Cotton, W.R.3
  • 9
    • 84886081781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating statistical cloud schemes: What can we gain from ground-based remote sensing?
    • Grützun, V., J. Quaas, C. J. Morcrette, and F. Ament (2013), Evaluating statistical cloud schemes: What can we gain from ground-based remote sensing?, J. Geophys. Res Atmos., 118, 10,507–10,517, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50813.
    • (2013) J. Geophys. Res Atmos , vol.118 , pp. 507-510
    • Grützun, V.1    Quaas, J.2    Morcrette, C.J.3    Ament, F.4
  • 10
    • 0032076335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper-tropospheric relative humidity observations and implications for cirrus ice nucleation
    • Heymsfield, A. J., L. M. Miloshevich, C. Twohy, G. Sachse, and S. Oltmans (1998), Upper-tropospheric relative humidity observations and implications for cirrus ice nucleation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1343–1346, doi:10.1029/98GL01089.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.25 , pp. 1343-1346
    • Heymsfield, A.J.1    Miloshevich, L.M.2    Twohy, C.3    Sachse, G.4    Oltmans, S.5
  • 11
    • 76649140111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global climatology of temperature and water vapor variance scaling from the atmospheric infrared sounder
    • Kahn, B. H., and J. Teixeira (2009), A global climatology of temperature and water vapor variance scaling from the atmospheric infrared sounder, J. Clim., 20, 5558–5576, doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2934.1.
    • (2009) J. Clim , vol.20 , pp. 5558-5576
    • Kahn, B.H.1    Teixeira, J.2
  • 12
    • 25844474517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How might a statistical cloud scheme be coupled to a mass-flux convection scheme?
    • Klein, S. A., R. Pincus, C. Hannay, and K.-M. Xu (2005), How might a statistical cloud scheme be coupled to a mass-flux convection scheme?, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D15S06, doi:10.1029/2004JD005017.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res , vol.110
    • Klein, S.A.1    Pincus, R.2    Hannay, C.3    Xu, K.-M.4
  • 13
    • 84880268669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are climate model simulations of clouds improving? An evaluation using the ISCCP simulator
    • Klein, S. A., Y. Zhang, M. D. Zelinka, R. Pincus, J. Boyle, and P. J. Gleckler (2013), Are climate model simulations of clouds improving? An evaluation using the ISCCP simulator, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 1329–1342, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50141.
    • (2013) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos , vol.118 , pp. 1329-1342
    • Klein, S.A.1    Zhang, Y.2    Zelinka, M.D.3    Pincus, R.4    Boyle, J.5    Gleckler, P.J.6
  • 14
    • 0026301122 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of an atmospheric general circulation model to prescribed SST changes: Feedback effects associated with the simulation of cloud optical properties
    • Le Treut, H., and Z.-X. Li (1991), Sensitivity of an atmospheric general circulation model to prescribed SST changes: Feedback effects associated with the simulation of cloud optical properties, Clim. Dyn., 5, 175–187.
    • (1991) Clim. Dyn , vol.5 , pp. 175-187
    • Le Treut, H.1    Li, Z.-X.2
  • 16
    • 84861137836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TWP-ICE global atmospheric model intercomparison: Convection responsiveness and resolution impact
    • Lin, Y., et al. (2012), TWP-ICE global atmospheric model intercomparison: Convection responsiveness and resolution impact, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D09111, doi:10.1029/2011JD017018.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res , vol.117
    • Lin, Y.1
  • 17
    • 0033079620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing different cloud schemes of a single column model by using mesoscale forcing and nudging technique
    • Lohmann, U., N. McFarlane, L. Levkov, K. Abdella, and F. Albers (1999), Comparing different cloud schemes of a single column model by using mesoscale forcing and nudging technique, J. Clim., 12, 438–461.
    • (1999) J. Clim , vol.12 , pp. 438-461
    • Lohmann, U.1    McFarlane, N.2    Levkov, L.3    Abdella, K.4    Albers, F.5
  • 19
    • 0001184650 scopus 로고
    • The Gaussian cloud model relations
    • Mellor, G. L. (1977), The Gaussian cloud model relations, J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 356–358.
    • (1977) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.34 , pp. 356-358
    • Mellor, G.L.1
  • 20
    • 84871764024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on the profiles of total water PDF in AGCMs from AIRS and a high-resolution model
    • Molod, A. (2012), Constraints on the profiles of total water PDF in AGCMs from AIRS and a high-resolution model, J. Clim., 25, 8341–8352.
    • (2012) J. Clim , vol.25 , pp. 8341-8352
    • Molod, A.1
  • 21
    • 84885705547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A refined statistical cloud closure using double-Gaussian probability density functions
    • Naumann, A. K., A. Seifert, and J. P. Mellado (2013), A refined statistical cloud closure using double-Gaussian probability density functions, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., 6, 1085–1125.
    • (2013) Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss , vol.6 , pp. 1085-1125
    • Naumann, A.K.1    Seifert, A.2    Mellado, J.P.3
  • 22
    • 79960052802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of statistical distributions for the parameterization of subgrid boundary-layer clouds
    • Perraud, E., F. Couvreux, S. Malardel, C. Lac, V. Masson, and O. Thouron (2011), Evaluation of statistical distributions for the parameterization of subgrid boundary-layer clouds, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 140, 263–294.
    • (2011) Boundary Layer Meteorol , vol.140 , pp. 263-294
    • Perraud, E.1    Couvreux, F.2    Malardel, S.3    Lac, C.4    Masson, V.5    Thouron, O.6
  • 23
    • 0035472614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity studies using a cloud resolving model simulation of the tropical west Pacific
    • Petch, J. C., and M. E. B. Gray (2001), Sensitivity studies using a cloud resolving model simulation of the tropical west Pacific, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 127(577), 2287–2306.
    • (2001) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.127 , Issue.577 , pp. 2287-2306
    • Petch, J.C.1    Gray, M.E.B.2
  • 24
    • 33750174794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of tropical variability from a vertical mode perspective
    • Peters, M. E., and C. S. Bretherton (2006), Structure of tropical variability from a vertical mode perspective, Theor. Comput. Fluid. Dyn., 20, 501–524.
    • (2006) Theor. Comput. Fluid. Dyn , vol.20 , pp. 501-524
    • Peters, M.E.1    Bretherton, C.S.2
  • 25
    • 0035309812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study on boundary layer humidity distributions and errors in parameterised cloud fraction
    • Price, J. D. (2001), A study on boundary layer humidity distributions and errors in parameterised cloud fraction, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 127, 739–759.
    • (2001) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.127 , pp. 739-759
    • Price, J.D.1
  • 26
    • 0036653819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of probability density functions for total specific humidity and saturation deficit humidity, and consequences for cloud parameterization
    • Price, J. D., and R. Wood (2002), Comparison of probability density functions for total specific humidity and saturation deficit humidity, and consequences for cloud parameterization, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 128, 2059–2072.
    • (2002) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.128 , pp. 2059-2072
    • Price, J.D.1    Wood, R.2
  • 27
    • 84861168119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the critical relative humidity as a measure of subgrid-scale variability of humidity in general circulation model cloud cover parameterizations using satellite data
    • Quaas, J. (2012), Evaluating the critical relative humidity as a measure of subgrid-scale variability of humidity in general circulation model cloud cover parameterizations using satellite data, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D09208, doi:10.1029/2012JD017495.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res , vol.117
    • Quaas, J.1
  • 29
    • 0025204961 scopus 로고
    • A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general circulation model
    • Smith, R. N. (1990), A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general circulation model, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 116, 435–460, doi:10.1002/qj.49711649210.
    • (1990) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.116 , pp. 435-460
    • Smith, R.N.1
  • 30
    • 0001530069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgrid-scale condensation in models of nonprecipitating clouds
    • Sommeria, G., and J. W. Deardorff (1997), Subgrid-scale condensation in models of nonprecipitating clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 344–355.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.34 , pp. 344-355
    • Sommeria, G.1    Deardorff, J.W.2
  • 31
    • 84987142855 scopus 로고
    • A parameterization scheme for non-convective condensation including prediction of cloud water content
    • Sundqvist, H. (1978), A parameterization scheme for non-convective condensation including prediction of cloud water content, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 104, 677–690.
    • (1978) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.104 , pp. 677-690
    • Sundqvist, H.1
  • 32
    • 0024927328 scopus 로고
    • Condensation and cloud parameterization studies with a mesoscale numerical weather prediction model
    • Sundqvist, H., E. Berge, and J. E. Kristjánsson (1989), Condensation and cloud parameterization studies with a mesoscale numerical weather prediction model, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 1641–1657.
    • (1989) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.117 , pp. 1641-1657
    • Sundqvist, H.1    Berge, E.2    Kristjánsson, J.E.3
  • 33
    • 0037096559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prognostic parameterization for the subgrid-scale variability of water vapor and clouds in large-scale model and its use to diagnose cloud cover
    • Tompkins, A. (2002), A prognostic parameterization for the subgrid-scale variability of water vapor and clouds in large-scale model and its use to diagnose cloud cover, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1917–1942.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 1917-1942
    • Tompkins, A.1
  • 34
    • 0043128746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of temperature and humidity variability on cloud cover assessed using aircraft data
    • Tompkins, A. M. (2003), Impact of temperature and humidity variability on cloud cover assessed using aircraft data, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129, 2151–2170.
    • (2003) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.129 , pp. 2151-2170
    • Tompkins, A.M.1
  • 35
    • 33947208066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice supersaturation in the ECMWF integrated forecast system
    • Tompkins, A. M., K. Gierens, and G. Radel (2007), Ice supersaturation in the ECMWF integrated forecast system, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 133, 53–63, doi:10.1002/qj.14.
    • (2007) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.133 , pp. 53-63
    • Tompkins, A.M.1    Gierens, K.2    Radel, G.3
  • 36
    • 77955584319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A PDF based hybrid prognostic cloud scheme for general circulation models
    • Watanabe, M., S. Emori, M. Satoh, and H. Miura (2009), A PDF based hybrid prognostic cloud scheme for general circulation models, Clim. Dyn., 33, 795–816.
    • (2009) Clim. Dyn , vol.33 , pp. 795-816
    • Watanabe, M.1    Emori, S.2    Satoh, M.3    Miura, H.4
  • 37
    • 83255187277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the subgrid scale variability scheme for water vapor and cloud condensate in the ECHAM5 model using satellite data
    • Weber, T., J. Quaas, and P. Räisänen (2011), Evaluation of the subgrid scale variability scheme for water vapor and cloud condensate in the ECHAM5 model using satellite data, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 2079–2091, doi:10.1002/qj.887.
    • (2011) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc , vol.137 , pp. 2079-2091
    • Weber, T.1    Quaas, J.2    Räisänen, P.3
  • 38
    • 0034209716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between total water, condensed water, and cloud fraction in stratiform clouds examined using aircraft data
    • Wood, R., and P. R. Field (2000), Relationship between total water, condensed water, and cloud fraction in stratiform clouds examined using aircraft data, J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 1888–1905.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.57 , pp. 1888-1905
    • Wood, R.1    Field, P.R.2
  • 39
    • 77949338861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observed large-scale structures and diabatic heating and drying profiles during TWP-ICE
    • Xie, S., T. Hume, C. Jakob, S. A. Klein, R. B. McCoy, and M. Zhang (2010), Observed large-scale structures and diabatic heating and drying profiles during TWP-ICE, J. Clim., 23(1), 57–79, doi:10.1175/2009JCLI3071.1.
    • (2010) J. Clim , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-79
    • Xie, S.1    Hume, T.2    Jakob, C.3    Klein, S.A.4    McCoy, R.B.5    Zhang, M.6
  • 40
    • 0026283516 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of cloudiness parameterizations using a cumulus ensemble model
    • Xu, K.-M., and S. K. Krueger (1991), Evaluation of cloudiness parameterizations using a cumulus ensemble model, Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 342–367.
    • (1991) Mon. Weather Rev , vol.119 , pp. 342-367
    • Xu, K.-M.1    Krueger, S.K.2
  • 41
    • 65649146447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the use of PDF schemes to parameterize sub-grid clouds
    • Zhu, P., and P. Zuidema (2009), On the use of PDF schemes to parameterize sub-grid clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L05807, doi:10.1029/2008GL036817.
    • (2009) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.36
    • Zhu, P.1    Zuidema, P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.