Caste and its histories in colonial India: A reappraisal

Modern Asian Studies

Volumn 51, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 432-461

  O'Hanlon, Rosalind ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CASTE SYSTEM; COLONIZATION; HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY; NINETEENTH CENTURY; POLITICAL HISTORY; SOCIAL HISTORY;

AHMADNAGAR; INDIA; MAHARASHTRA;

EID: 85017432151     PISSN: 0026749X     EISSN: 14698099     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0026749X16000408     Document Type: Review

References (128)

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15. Nicholas B. Dirks, Castes of Mind: colonialism and the making of modern India. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001.
16. The best synoptic assessment of these processes remains Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
17. For an overview, see Stuart Corbridge, John Harriss and Craig Jeffrey, 'Does Caste Still Matter in India?'. In Stuart Corbridge et al. (eds), India Today: Economy, Politics and Society. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013, pp. 239-57.
18. Good treatments of these broad themes are in Surinder Jodhka (ed.), 'Caste matters' in Seminar, Special issue, 633, May (2012).
19. See also the important treatment in C.J. Fuller (ed.), Caste Today. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 1-31.
20. There is a large literature here, but see in particular Stuart Corbridge et al., Seeing the State: governance and governmentality in India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005
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22. These processes are well described in Christophe Jaffrelot, Region, Caste and Politics in India. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011.
23. Some good recent regional studies are Anupama Rao, The Caste Question: Dalits and the politics of modern India. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2009
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30. For asuperb regional discussion of North India's Yadava communities, see Lucia Michelutti, The Vernacularisation of Democracy. Politics, caste and religion in India. London: Routledge 2008.
31. There is a very large literature here. Some outstanding regional studies are: C.J. Fuller and Haripriya Narasimhan, Tamil Brahmans: the making of a middle class caste. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014
32. C. Jeffrey, P. Jeffrey and R. Jeffrey, Degrees Without Freedom: education, masculinities and unemployment in North India. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008
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63. See in particular Christophe Jaffrelot, 'Sanskritisation vs. Ethnicisation in India: changing identities and caste politics before Mandal'. In Christophe Jaffrelot, Religion, Caste and Politics in India. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011, pp. 449-58.
64. Stewart Gordon, The Marathas, 1600-1818. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 14-17.
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67. Prachi Deshpande, Creative Pasts: historical memory and identity in western India. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007, pp. 19-39
68. Irina Glushkova, 'A Philological Approach to Regional Ideologies'. In Rajendra Vora and Anne Feldhaus (eds), Region, Culture and Politics in India. Delhi: Manohar, 2006, pp. 52-83.
69. Christian Lee Novetzke, Religion and Public Memory: a cultural history of Saint Namdev in India. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011
70. John Keune, 'Eknath Remembered and Reformed: Bhakti, Brahmans and Untouchables in Marathi historiography', PhD thesis, Columbia University, 2011.
71. Richard Eaton, A Social History of the Deccan, 1300-1761: eight Indian lives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 141-50, 129-54
72. Gail Omvedt, 'The Bhakti Radicals and Untouchability'. In Manu Bhagavan and Anne Feldhaus (eds), Speaking Truth to Power: religion, caste and the subaltern question in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2008, pp. 11-29.
73. Rosalind O'Hanlon, 'The Social Worth of Scribes: Brahmans, Kayasthas and the social order in early modern India' in Indian Economic and Social History 47, 4 (2010): pp. 563-95.
74. Rosalind O'Hanlon and Christopher Minkowski, 'What Makes People Who They Are? Pandit networks and the problem of livelihoods in early modern Western India' in Indian Economic and Social History 45, 3 (2008): pp. 381-416.
75. Patrick Olivelle (ed.), The Law Code of Manu. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
76. J ātiviveka of Gopīnātha. British Library Sanskrit manuscript no. 1969, f. 2r. For a fuller discussion, see Rosalind O'Hanlon, Gergely Hidas and Csaba Kiss, 'Discourses of Caste Over the Long Duree: Gopīnātha and social classification in India, c. 1400-1900' in South Asian History and Culture 6, 1 (January 2015): pp. 102-29.
77. O'Hanlon et al., 'Discourses of Caste', pp. 110-11.
78. Rosalind O'Hanlon, Speaking from Siva s Temple: Banaras scholar households and the Brahman "ecumene" of Mughal India' in South Asian History and Culture 2, 2 (2012): pp. 253-77.
79. Benke, 'The Sūdrācārasiromani of Krsna Sesa'
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82. Madhav Deshpande, 'Ksatriyas in the Kali Age? Gāgābhatta and His Opponents' in Indo-Iranian Journal 53, 2 (2010): pp. 96-100, 110-16
83. O'Hanlon, 'The Social Worth of Scribes', pp. 571-73.
84. For circulation of the Jativiveka, see O'Hanlon et al., 'Discourses of Caste', pp. 112-14.
85. V.S. Bendrey, Coronation of Shivaji the Great. Bombay: P.P.H. Bookstall, 1960.
86. Deshpande, 'Ksatriyas in the Kali Age?', pp. 110-12.
87. V.V. Khare (ed.), Ichalkaranjī Sansthānca Itihāsa vā Ichalkaranjī Daftaratīl nivadak patre vayadī. Miraj, 1913, p. 28.
88. Sudha Desai, Social Life in Maharashtra Under the Peshwas. Bombay: Popular Prakashan, 1980, pp. 28-40
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96. V.S. Bendrey, Mahārā retihāsāci Sādhane. Mumbai: Mumbai Marathi Grantha Sangrahalaya, 1966, Vol. II, pp. 491-95.
97. For this episode, see also Deshpande, 'Ksatriyas in the Kali Age?', pp. 103-04.
98. Narendra Wagle, 'The Candrasenīya Kāyastha Prabhus and the Brahmans: ritual, law and politics in Pune: 1789-80'. In Gunther-Dietz Sontheimer and Paramesvara Arthal (eds), Indology and Law: studies in honour of J. Duncan M. Derrett. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1982, pp. 303-28
99. Ganesh Chimnaji Vad, Selections from the Satara Raja's and the Peshwa's Diaries. Vol. 8, no. 3: Selectionsfrom the Diaries of Sawai Madhavrao Peshwa. Pune: Deccan Vernacular Translation Society, 1911, pp. 287-92.
100. D.C. Sircar, Studies in Indian Coins. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas, 1968, pp. 274-75.
101. Desai, 'Social Life in Maharashtra', p. 39
102. V.K. Rajwade (ed.), Marathyancya Itihāsāci Sādhane, Pune: Chitrasala Press, 1918, Vol. XXIV, nos 13, 22, 23.
103. Resolution of the Government of Bombay, 23 July 1779.
104. R.B. Gunjikar, Sarasvatī Mandala Bombay: Nirnayasagar Press, 1884, Appendix 2, no. 2
105. Rosalind O'Hanlon, 'Contested Conjunctures: Brahman communities and "early modernity" in India' in American Historical June (2013): pp. 781-86.
106. For the elite non-Brahman social campaigns of the 1820s and 1830s, see Narendra Wagle, 'A Dispute between the Pancal Devajna Sonars and the Brahmins of Pune Regarding Social Rank and Ritual Privileges: a case-study of the British administration of jati laws in Maharashtra, 1822-1825'. In N.K. Wagle (Ed.), Images of Maharashtra. London: Curzon Press, 1980, pp. 129-59
107. Narendra Wagle, 'Ritual and Change in Early Nineteenth Century Society in Maharashtra: Vedokta disputes in Baroda, Pune and Satara, 1824-1838'. In Milton Israel and N.K. Wagle (eds), Religion and Society in Maharashtra. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1987, pp. 145-81.
108. Dongare, Siddhāntavijaya, p. 6.
109. Deshpande, 'Ksatriyas in the Kaliyuga?', pp. 110-13.
110. 'Remarks of Mr H.H. Wilson, Secretary to the committee of Public Instruction, communicatedtothe officiating Chief Judge of the Courtof Sudder Dewanay Adawlut, in December 1924.' Bombay Judicial Department, 1825, Vol. 7/87, pp. 21-57, Maharashtra State Archives, Mumbai.
111. Arthur Steele, A Summary of the Law and Custom of Hindoo Castes within the Dekhun Provinces Subject to the Presidency of Bombay. Bombay: Courier Press, 1827, pp. xi-xii.
112. J.T. Molesworth, Dictionary, Murat, hee and and English. Bombay, 1831, p. 148.
113. J.T. Molesworth, A Dictionary, Maráthí and English. Bombay: Education Society's Press, 1857, p. 158.
114. For a summary, see Rao, The Caste Question, pp. 39-57.
115. Christine Dobbin, Urban Leadership in Western India. Politics and communities in Bombay city. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972, pp. 137 and 253.
116. Jātibheda Vivekasāra. Bombay: Ganpat Krishnaji's Press, 1865. As author, Pad.val. identified himself simply as 'A Hindu'. References here are to the 1865 edition.
117. Jatibheda Vivekasara, p. 2 of the introduction to the second edition.
118. Ibid., pp. 47-49. For the transfer of this material from Gopīnātha's Jātiviveka to Kamalākarabhatta's Śūdrakamalākara, see O'Hanlon et al., 'Discourses of Caste', p. 115.
119. Padval's references here are to James Tod, Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan. London: Smith Elder, 1832
120. James Grant Duff, A History of the Mahrattas. London: Longmans, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1826. Jātibheda Vivekasāra, p. 153.
121. Ibid., p. 2 of Introduction to the second edition. The Pune missionary circle is described in Murrary Mitchell, In Western India: recollections of my early missionary life. Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1899, pp. 314-16.
122. Murali Ranganathan (ed.), Govind Narayan's Mumbai. An urban biography from 1823. London: Anthem Press, 2008, pp. 303-04.
123. John Wilson, Indian Caste. Bombay: Times of India Office, 1877, Vol. 1, p. 64.
124. For the earlier publication of the work, see George Smith, The Life of John Wilson. London: J. Murray, 1878, p. 482.
125. Shamrao Moroji Nayak, A History of the Pattana Prabhus. Bombay: Family Printing Press, 1877, p. 30.
126. V.N. Mandlik, The Vyavahāra Mayūkha. Bombay: Education Society's Press, p. lx.
127. Prachi Deshpande, Creative Pasts, pp. 126-76.
128. Kesava Trimbak Gupte, Rajavadyacī Gāgābhattī. Pune: Indu Prakash Press, 1919, p. 42.