Clear-air turbulence in a changing climate

Aviation Turbulence: Processes, Detection, Prediction

Volumn , Issue , 2016, Pages 465-480

  Williams, Paul D ^a   Joshi, Manoj M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE; CLIMATE MODELS; FIGHTER AIRCRAFT; GREENHOUSE GASES; PHASE INTERFACES; TURBULENCE;

ATMOSPHERIC WINDS; CHANGING CLIMATE; CLEAR-AIR TURBULENCES; CLIMATE MODEL SIMULATIONS; GREENHOUSE-GAS FORCING; HORIZONTAL WINDS; PASSENGER INJURIES; SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE;

CLIMATE CHANGE;

EID: 85017073794     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23630-8_23     Document Type: Chapter

References (33)

1. Arblaster, J., Meehl, G.: Contributions of external forcings to southern annular mode trends. J. Climate 19, 2896-2905 (2006)
2. Ballough, J.J.: Advisory Circular 120-88A: Preventing Injuries Caused by Turbulence. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration, 19 Nov 2007 (2007)
3. Bengtsson, L., Hagemann, S., Hodges, K.I.: Can climate trends be calculated from reanalysis data? J. Geophys. Res. 109, D11111 (2004)
4. Bony, S., et al.: How well do we understand and evaluate climate change feedback processes? J. Climate 19, 2445-3482 (2006)
5. Ciais, P., Sabine, C., Bala, G., Bopp, L., Brovkin, V., Canadell, J., Chhabra, A., DeFries, R., Galloway, J., Heimann, M., Jones, C., Le Quéré, C., Myneni, R.B., Piao, S., Thornton, P.: Carbon and other biogeochemical cycles. In: Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., Midgley, P.M. (eds.) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2013)
6. Collins, M., Knutti, R., Arblaster, J., Dufresne, J.-L., Fichefet, T., Friedlingstein, P., Gao, X., Gutowski, W.J., Johns, T., Krinner, G., Shongwe, M., Tebaldi, C., Weaver, A.J., Wehner, M.: Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility. In: Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., Midgley, P.M. (eds.) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2013)
7. Delcambre, S.C., Lorenz, D.J., Vimont, D.J., Martin, J.E.: Diagnosing northern hemisphere jet portrayal in 17 CMIP3 global climate models: twenty-first-century projections. J. Climate 26, 4930-4946 (2013)
8. Ellrod, G., Knapp, D.: An objective clear-air turbulence forecasting technique: verification and operational use. Weather Forecasting 7, 150-165 (1992)
9. Fels, S.B., Mahlman, J.D., Schwarzkopf, M.D., Sinclair, R.W.: Stratospheric sensitivity to perturbations in ozone and carbon dioxide: radiative and dynamical response. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 2265-2297 (1980)
10. Friedlingstein, P., et al.: Climate-carbon cycle feedback analysis: results from the C4MIP model intercomparison. J. Climate 19, 3337-3353 (2006)
11. Gill, P.G.: Objective verification of World Area Forecast Centre clear air turbulence forecasts. Meteorol. Appl. 21, 3-11 (2014)
12. Harrison, R.G., Hogan, R.J.: In situ atmospheric turbulence measurement using the terrestrial magnetic field-a compass for a radiosonde. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 23, 517-523 (2006)
13. Harrison, R.G., Rogers, G.W., Hogan, R.J.: A three-dimensional magnetometer for motion sensing of a balloon-carried atmospheric measurement package. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 124501 (2007)
14. Hartmann, D.L., Klein Tank, A.M.G., Rusticucci, M., Alexander, L.V., Brönnimann, S., Charabi, F.J., Dentener, E.J., Dlugokencky, D.R., Easterling, A., Kaplan, B.J., Soden, P.W., Thorne, Y., Wild, M., Zhai, P.M.: Observations: atmosphere and surface. In: Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., Midgley, P.M. (eds.) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2013)
15. Hawkins, E., Sutton, R.: The potential to narrow uncertainty in regional climate predictions. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 90, 1095-1107 (2009)
16. Jaeger, E.B., Sprenger, M.: A northern-hemispheric climatology of indices for clear air turbulence in the tropopause region derived from ERA40 re-analysis data. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D20106 (2007)
17. Joshi, M., et al.: Projections of when temperature change will exceed 2_C above pre-industrial levels. Nat. Clim. Change 1, 407-412 (2011)
18. Kauffmann, P.: The business case for turbulence sensing systems in the US air transport sector. J. Air Transport Manage. 8, 99-107 (2002)
19. Kim, J.-H., Chun, H.-Y.: Statistics and possible sources of aviation turbulence over South Korea. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 50(2), 311-324 (2011)
20. Le Quéré, C., et al.: The global carbon budget 1959-2011. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 5, 165-186 (2013)
21. Lorenz, D.J., DeWeaver, E.T.: Tropopause height and zonal wind response to global warming in the IPCC scenario integrations. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D10119 (2007)
22. Marlton, G.J., Harrison, R.G., Nicoll, K.A., Williams, P.D.: A balloon-borne accelerometer technique for measuring atmospheric turbulence. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 016109 (2015)
23. Meinshausen, M., et al.: Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2_C. Nature 458, 1158-1162 (2009)
24. Myhre, G., Shindell, D., Bréon, F.-M., Collins, W., Fuglestvedt, J., Huang, J., Koch, D., Lamarque, J.-F., Lee, D., Mendoza, B., Nakajima, T., Robock, A., Stephens, G., Takemura, T., Zhang, H.: Anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing. In: Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., Midgley, P.M. (eds.) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2013)
25. Schwartz, B.: The quantitative use of PIREPs in developing aviation weather guidance products. Weather Forecasting 11, 372-384 (1996)
26. Sharman, R., Tebaldi, C., Wiener, G., Wolff, J.: An integrated approach to mid- and upper-level turbulence forecasting. Weather Forecasting 21(3), 268-287 (2006)
27. Sharman, R.D., Cornman, L.B., Meymaris, G., Pearson, J., Farrar, T.: Description and derived climatologies of automated in situ eddy dissipation rate reports of atmospheric turbulence. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 53, 1416-1432 (2014)
28. Taylor, P.C., Cai, M., Hu, A., Meehl, J., Washington, W., Zhang, G.J.: A decomposition of feedback contributions to polar warming amplification. J. Climate 26, 7023-7043 (2013)
29. Van Vuuren, D.P., et al.: The representative concentration pathways: an overview. Clim. Change 109, 5-31 (2011)
30. Watkins, C.D., Browning, K.A.: The detection of clear air turbulence by radar. Phys. Technol. 4, 28-61 (1973)
31. Weaver, A., et al.: Stability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation: a model intercomparison. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L20709 (2012)
32. Williams, P.D., Joshi, M.M.: Intensification of winter transatlantic aviation turbulence in response to climate change. Nat. Clim. Change 3, 644-648 (2013)
33. Wolff, J.K., Sharman, R.D.: Climatology of upper-level turbulence over the continental United States. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 47, 2198-2214 (2008)