Impacts of Aerosols on the Asian Monsoon - An Interim Assessment

World Scientific Series on Asia-Pacific Weather and Climate

Volumn 6, Issue , 2016, Pages 361-376

  Lau, William K M ^a,b   Kim, Kyu Myong ^a,b  

^a NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85016232701     PISSN: 20102763     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (74)

1. Albrecht, B., 1989: Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness. Science, 245, 1227-1230.
2. Annamalai, H., J. Hafner, K. P. Sooraj, and P. Pillai, 2013: Global warming shifts the monsoon circulation, drying South Asia. J. Climate, 26, 2701-2718.
3. Bennartz, R., J. Fan, J. Rausch, L. Y. R. Leung, and A. K. Heidinger, 2011: Pollution from China increases cloud droplet number, suppresses rain over the East China Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L09704, doi: 10. 1029/2011GL047235.
4. Bollasina, M., S. Nigam, and K. M. Lau, 2008: Absorbing aerosols and summer monsoon evolution over South Asia: An observational portrayal. J. Climate, 21, 3221-3239.
5. Bollasina, M. A., Y. Ming, and V. Ramaswamy, 2012: Anthropogenic aerosols and the weakening of the South Asian summer monsoon. Science, 334, 502-505.
6. Boos, W. R., and Z. M. Kuang, 2010: Dominant control of the South Asian monsoon by orographic insulation versus plateau heating. Nature, 463, 218-223.
7. Che, H., X. Zhang, Y. Li, Z. Zhou, and J. Qu, 2007: Horizontal visibility trend in China 1981-2005. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L24706, doi: 10. 1029/2007GL031450.
8. Chin, M., T. Diehl, P. Ginoux, and W. Malm, 2007: Intercontinental transport of pollution and dust aerosols: Implications for regional air quality. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 5501-5517.
9. Chung, C., and V. Ramanthan, 2006: Weakening of the North Indian SST gradients and the monsoon rainfall in India and the Sahel. J. Climate, 19, 2036-2045.
10. Collier, J. C., and G. J. Zhang, 2009: Aerosol direct forcing of Indian summer monsoon as simulated by NCAR CAM3. Clim. Dyn., 32, 313-332, doi: 10. 1007/s00382-008-0464-9.
11. Duan, A., and G. Wu, 2006: Change of cloud amount and the climate warming on the Tibetan Plateau. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L22704, doi: 10. 1029/2006GL027946.
12. Eck, T., B. N. Holben, O. Dubovik, A. Smirnov, P. Goloub, H. B. Chen, B. Chatenet, L. Gomes, X. Y. Zhang, S. C. Tsay, Q. Ji, D. Giles, and I. Slutsker, 2005: Columnar aerosol optical properties at AERONET sites in central eastern Asia and aerosol transport to the tropical mid-Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D06202, doi: 10. 1029/2004JD005274.
13. Fan, J., D. Rosenfeld, Y. Ding, L. R. Leung, and Z. Li, 2012: Potential aerosol indirect effects on atmospheric circulation and radiative forcing through deep convection. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L09806, doi: 10. 1029/2012GL051851.
14. Feingold, G., W. R. Cotton, S. M. Kreidenweis, and J. T. Davis, 1999: The impact of giant cloud condensation nuclei on drizzle formation in stratocumulus: Implications for cloud radiative properties. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 4100-4117.
15. Flanner, M. G., C. S. Zender, J. T. Randerson, and P. J. Rasch, 2007: Present-day climate forcing and response from black carbon in snow. J. Geophys. Res., 112(D11), D11202, doi: 10. 1029/2006JD008003.
16. Gautam, R., N. C. Hsu, and K. M. Lau, 2010: Premonsoon aerosol characterization and radiative effects over the Indo-Gangetic Plain: Implications for regional climate warming. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D17208, doi: 10. 1029/2010JD013819.
17. and M. Kafatos, 2009a: Aerosol and rainfall variability over the Indian monsoon region: Distributions, trends and coupling. Ann. Geophys., 27, 3691-3703.
18. S. C. Tsay, and M. Kafatos, 2009b: Enhanced pre-monsoon warming over the Himalayan-Gangetic region from 1979 to 2007. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L07704, doi: 10. 1029/2009GL037641.
19. Gu, Y., K. N. Liou, Y. Xue, C. R. Mechoso, W. Li, and Y. Luo, 2006: Climatic effects of different aerosol types in China simulated by the UCLA general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D15201, doi: 10. 1029/2005JD006312.
20. Hansen, J., M. Sato, and R. Ruedy, 1997: Radiative forcing and climate response. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 6831-6864.
21. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate Change, 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K., 996 pp.
22. Kaskaoutis, D. G., R. P Singh, R. Gautam, M. Sharma, P. G. Kosmopoulos, and S. N. Tripathi, 2012: Variability and trends of aerosol properties over Kanpur, northern India using AERONET data (2001-10). Environ. Res. Lett., 7, 024003, doi: 10. 1088/1748-9326/7/2/024003.
23. Khain, A. P., D. Rosenfeld, and Aa. Pokrovsky, 2001: Simulating convective clouds with sustained supercooled liquid water down to 37. 5C using a spectral microphysics model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3887-3890.
24. Kim, M. K., K. M. Lau, K. M. Kim, and W. S. Lee, 2007: A GCM study of effects of radiative forcing of sulfate aerosol on large scale circulation and rainfall in East Asia during boreal spring. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L24701, doi: 10. 1029/2007GL031683.
25. Koch, D., and A. D. Del Genio, 2010: Black carbon semi-direct effects on cloud cover: review and synthesis. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7685-7696.
26. Krishnamurti, T. N., 1985: The summer monsoon experiment - A review. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1590-1626.
27. Krishnan, R., and V. Ramanathan, 2002: Evidence of surface cooling from absorbing aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1340, doi: 10. 1029/ 2002GL014687.
28. Lau, K. M., and K. M. Kim, 2006: Observational relationships between aerosol and Asian monsoon rainfall, and circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L21810, doi: 10. 1029/2006GL027546.
29. and, 2007: Does aerosol strengthen or weaken the Asian monsoon Mountains: Witnesses of Global Change, R. Baudo, G. Tartari, and E. Vuillermoz, Eds., Elsevier B. V., 13-22.
30. and, 2010: Fingerprinting the impacts of aerosols on long-term trends of the Indian summer monsoon regional rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L16705, doi: 10. 1029/ 2010GL043255.
31. C. Hsu, and B. Holben, 2009: Possible influences of air pollution, dust and sandstorms on the Indian monsoon. WMO Bulletin, 58(1), 22-30.
32. and S. Yang, 2000: Dynamical and boundary forcing characteristics of regional components of the Asian summer monsoon. J. Climate, 13, 2461-2482.
33. M. K. Kim, and K. M. Kim, 2006: Aerosol induced anomalies in the Asian summer monsoon: The role of the Tibetan Plateau. Clim. Dyn., 26(7-8), 855-864, doi: 10. 1007/s00382-006-0114-z.
34. and W. S. Lee, 2010: Enhanced surface warming and accelerated snowmelt in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau induced by absorbing aerosols. Environ. Res. Lett., 5, 025204, doi: 10. 1088/1748-9326/5/2/ 025204.
35. and M. T. Li, 1984: The monsoon of East-Asia - A survey. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 65, 114-125.
36. V. Ramanathan, G. X. Wu, Z. Li, S. C. Tsay, C. Hsu, R. Sikka, B. Holben, D. Lu, G. Tartari, M. Chin, P. Koudelova, H. Chen, Y. Ma, J. Huang, K. Taniguchi, and R. Zhang, 2008: The Joint Aerosol-Monsoon Experiment: A new challenge in monsoon climate research. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 369-383, doi: 10. 1175/ BAMS-89-3-369.
37. and H. Weng, 2001: Coherent modes of global SST and summer rainfall over China: An assessment of the regional impacts of the 1997-98 El Niño. J. Climate, 14, 1294-1308.
38. and H. T. Wu, 2006: Trends in tropical rainfall characteristic, 1979-2003. Int. J. Climatol., 27, 979-988, doi: 10. 1002/joc. 1454.
39. and, 2011: Climatology and changes in tropical oceanic rainfall characteristics inferred from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data (1998-2009). J. Geophys. Res., 116, D17111, doi: 10. 1029/2011JD015827.
40. and K. M. Kim, 2013: A canonical response in rainfall characteristics to global warming from CMIP5 model projections. Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, doi: 10. 1002/grl. 50420.
41. Li, C. F., and M. Yanai, 1996: The onset and interannual variability of the Asian summer monsoon in relation to land-sea thermal contrast. J. Climate, 9, 358-375.
42. Li, Z., F. Niu, J. Fan, Y. Liu, D. Rosenfeld, and Y. Ding, 2011: Long-term impacts of aerosols on development of clouds and precipitation. Nature Geoscience, 4, 888-894, doi: 10. 1038/ NGEO1313.
43. Liu, Y., J. Sun, B. Yang, 2009: The effects of black carbon and sulfate aerosols in China regions on East Asian monsoon. Tellus, 61B, 642-656, doi: 10. 1111/j. 1600-0889. 2009. 00427. x.
44. Lohman, U., and J. Feichter, 2005: Global indirect aerosol effects: A review. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 715-737.
45. Mahmood, R., and S. Li, 2012: Delay in the onset of South Asia summer monsoon induced by local black carbon in an AGCM. Theor. Appl. Climatol., doi: 10. 1007/s00704-012-0681-3.
46. Manoj, M. G., P. C. S. Devara, P. D. Safai, B. N. Goswami, 2011: Absorbing aerosols facilitate transition of Indian monsoon breaks to active spell. Clim. Dyn., 37, 2181-2198, doi: 10. 1007/s00382-010-00971-3.
47. Meehl, G. A., J. M. Arblaster, and W. D. Collins, 2008: Effects of black carbon aerosols on the Indian monsoon, J. Climate, 21, 2869-2882, doi: 10. 1175/2007JCLI1777. 1.
48. Menon, S., A. Del Genio, D. Koch, G. Tselioudis, 2002: GCM simulations of aerosol indirect effects: sensitivity of cloud parameterization and aerosol burden. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 692-713.
49. Moorthy, K. K., S. S. Babu, S. K. Satheesh, J. Srinivasan, and C. B. S. Dutt, 2007: Dust absorption over the "Great Indian Desert" inferred using ground-based and satellite remote sensing. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D09206, doi: 10. 1029/2006JD007690.
50. Pielke, R., K. Beven, G. Brasseur, J. Calvert, M. Chahine, R. Dickerson, D. Entekhabi, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, H. Gupta, V. Gupta, W. Krajewski, E. P. Krider, W. K. M. Lau, J. Mcdonnell, W. Rossow, J. Schaake, J. Smith, S. Sorooshian, E. Wood, 2009: Climate change: The need to consider human forcing besides greenhouse gases. EOS Newsletter, 90, 10 November issue.
51. Qian, Y., D. Gong, J. Fan, L. R. Leung, R. Bennartz, D. Chen, and W. Wang., 2009: Heavy pollution suppresses light rain in China: Observations and modeling. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00K02, doi: 10. 1029/2008JD011575.
52. Ramana, V., V. Ramanathan, D. Kim, G. C. Roberts, and C. E. Corrigan, 2007: Albedo, atmospheric solar absorption and heating rate measurements with stacked UAVs. Q. Roy. Meteo. Soc., 133, 1913-1931.
53. Ramanathan, V., and G. Carmichael, 2008: Global and regional climate change due to black carbon. Nature Geoscience., 1, 221-227.
54. C. Chung, D. Kim, D. T. Betge, L. Buja, J. T. Kiehl, W. M. Washington, Q. Fu, D. R. Sikka, and M. Wild, 2005: Atmospheric brown clouds: Impacts on South Asian climate and hydrological cycle. P. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 102(15), 5326-5333, doi: 10. 1073/pnas. 0500656102.
55. P. J. Crutzen, and J. T. Kiehhl, and D. Rosenfeld, 2001: Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle. Science, 294, 2119-2124, doi: 10. 1126/science. 1064034.
56. F. Li, M. V. Ramana, P. S. Praveen, D. Kim, C. E. Corrigan, H. Nguyen, E. A. Stone, J. J. Schauer, G. R. Camichael, B. Adhikary, and S. C. Yoon., 2007a: Atmospheric brown clouds: Hemispherical and regional variations in long-range transport, absorption, and radiative forcing. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22S21, doi: 10. 1029/2006JD008124.
57. M. V. Ramana, G. Roberts, D. Kim, C. Corrigan, C. Chung, and D. Winker, 2007b: Warming trends in Asia amplified by brown cloud solar absorption. Nature, 448, 575-578.
58. Randles, C. A., and V. Ramaswamy, 2008: Absorbing aerosols over Asia: A GFDL general circulation model sensitivity study of model response to aerosol optical depth and aerosol absorption. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D21203, doi: 10. 1029/2008JD010140.
59. Rosenfeld, D., U. Lohmann, G. B. Raga, C. D. O'Dowd, M. Kulmala, S. Fuzzi, A. Reissell, M. O. Andreae, 2008: Flood and drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation. Science, 321, 1309, doi: 10. 1126/science. 1160606.
60. Sahu, S. K., G. Beig, and C. Sharma, 2008: Decadal growth of black carbon emissions in India. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02807, doi: 10. 1029/2007GL032333.
61. Satheesh, S. K., C. B. S. Dutt, J. Srinivasan, and U. R. Rao, 2007: Atmospheric warming due to dust absorption over Afro-Asian regions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L04805, doi: 10. 1029/2006GL028623.
62. Srivastava, A. K., K., Ram, P. Pant, P. Hegde, and H. Joshi, 2012: Black carbon aerosols over Manora Peak in the India Himalaya foothills: Implication for climate forcing. Environ. Res. Lett., 7, 014002, doi: 10. 1088/1748-9326/7/1/ 014002.
63. Twomey, S. A., 1977: The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1149-1152.
64. Wang, B., 2006: The Asian Monsoon. Springer Praxis, New York, 787 pp.
65. Wang, C., D. Kim, A. M. L. Ekman, M. C. Barth, and P. J. Rasch, 2009: Impact of anthropogenic aerosols on Indian summer monsoon. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L21704, doi: 10. 1029/2009GL040114.
66. Wang, Y., and L. Zhou, 2005: Observed trends in extreme precipitation events in China during 1961-2001 and the associated changes in large-scale circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L09707, doi: 10. 1029/2005GL022574.
67. Webster, P. J., V. P. Magana, T. N. Palmer, J. Shukla, R. A. Tomas, 1998: Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospect for prediction. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14451-14510.
68. and S. Yang, 1992: Monsoon and ENSO: Selectively interactive systems. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 877-926.
69. Wild, M., H. Gilgen, A. Roesch, A. Ohmura, C. N. Long, E. G. Dutton, B. Forgan, A. Kallis, V. Russak, and A. Tsvetko, 2005: From dimming to brightening: Decadal change in solar radiation at the Earth's surface. Science, 308, 847-850, doi: 10. 1126/science. 1103215.
70. Wu, G. X., Y. M. Liu, B. He, Q. Bao, A. Duan, and F. F. Jin, 2012: Thermal controls on the Asian summer monsoon. Scientific Reports, 2, doi: 10. 1038/srep00404.
71. T. M. Wang, R. J. Wan, and X. Liu, 2007: The influence of mechanical and thermal forcing by the Tibetan Plateau on Asian climate. J. Hydrometeorol., 8, 770-789.
72. Yanai, M., and G. X. Wu, 2006: Effects of the Tibetan Plateau. The Asian Monsoon, B. Wang, Ed., Springer Praxis, 513-549.
73. Yasunari, T. J., P. Bonasoni, P. Laj, K. Fujita, E. Vuillermoz, A. Marinoni, P. Cristofanelli, R. Duchi, G. Tartari, and K. M. Lau, 2009: Estimated impact of black carbon deposition during pre-monsoon season from Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid data and snow albedo changes over Himalayan glaciers. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6603-6615, doi: 10. 5194/acp-10-6603-201.
74. Zhang, H., Z. L. Wang, P. W. Guo, and Z. Z. Wang, 2009: A modeling study of the effects of direct radiative forcing due to carbonaceous aerosols on the climate in East Asia. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 16(1), 57-66, doi: 10. 1007/s00376-009-0057-5.