Environmental justice: Reflections from the United States

Reclaiming Nature: Environmental Justice and Ecological Restoration

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 351-378

  Pastor, Manuel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85014782639     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.7135/UPO9781843313465.015     Document Type: Chapter

References (64)

1. Anderton, Douglas L., Andy B Anderson, Peter H Rossi, John Michael Oakes, Michael R. Fraser, Eleanor W. Weber and Edward J. Calabrese (1994a) ‘Hazardous Waste Facilities: “Environmental Equity” Issues in Metropolitan Areas’, Evaluation Review 18: 123-40.
2. Anderton, Douglas L., Andy B. Anderson, John Michael Oakes and Michael R. Fraser (1994b) ‘Environmental Equity: The Demographics of Dumping’, Demography31: 229-48.
3. Ash, Michael and T. Robert Fetter (2004) ‘Who Lives on the Wrong Side of the Environmental Tracks? Evidence from the EPA’s Risk-screening Environmental Indicators Model’, Social Science Quarterly, 85(2): 441-62.
4. Been, Vicki (1994) ‘Locally Undesirable Land Uses in Minority Neighbourhoods: Disproportionate Siting or Market Dynamics?’ The Yale Law Journal103: 1383-1422.
5. Been, Vicki (1995) ‘Analyzing Evidence of Environmental Justice’, Journal of Land Use and Environmental Law11: 1-37.
6. Boer, Joel T., Manuel Pastor, James L Sadd and Lori D.Snyder (1997) ‘Is There Environmental Racism? The Demographics of Hazardous Waste in Los Angeles County’, Social Science Quarterly 78(4): 793-810.
7. Bouwes, Nicolaas, Steven M. Hassur and Mark D. Shapiro (2003) ‘Empowerment Through Risk-Related Information: EPA’s Risk Screening Environmental Indicators Project’, in James K. Boyce and Barry G. Shelley, eds., Natural Assets: Democratizing Environmental Ownership, Washington DC: Island Press.
8. Bowen, William M. (1999) ‘Comments on ‘Every Breath You Take…: The Demographics of Toxic Air Releases in Southern California’, Economic Development Quarterly13(2): 124-134.
9. Bowen, William M. (2001) Environmental Justice through Research-based Decision-making, New York: Garland Publishing.
10. Boyce, James K. (2006) ‘Power Inequalities and the Political Economy of Environmental Protection’, in Jean-Marie Baland, Pranab Bardhan, and Samuel Bowles, eds., Inequality, Collective Action, and Environmental Sustainability, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 314-348.
11. Boyce, James K., Andrew R. Klemer, Paul H. Templet and Cleve E. Willis (1999) ‘Power Distribution, the Environment and Public Health: A State-level Analysis’, Ecological Economics29: 127-140.
12. Boyce, James K. and Manuel Pastor (2001) Building Natural Assets: New Strategies for Poverty Reduction and Environmental Protection, Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institute.
13. Bullard, Robert D. (1994a) ‘Environmental Justice for All’, in Robert D. Bullard, ed., Unequal Protection: Environmental Justice and Communities of Color, San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
14. Bullard, Robert D. (1994b) Unequal Protection: Environmental Justice and Communities of Color. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
15. Bullard, Robert D. (1996) ‘Environmental Justice: It’s More Than Waste Facility Siting’, Social Science Quarterly77(3): 493-499.
16. Bullard, Robert D. (2001) ‘Confronting Environmental Racism in the 21st Century’, Working Paper, Environmental Justice Resource Centre, Clark Atlanta University: UN Research Institute for Social Development.
17. Bullard, Robert D., Glenn S. Johnson and Angel O. Torres (2000) Sprawl City: Race, Politics and Planning in Atlanta, Washington DC: Island Press.
18. Bullard, Robert D., Glenn S. Johnson and Angel O. Torres (2005) ‘Addressing Global Poverty, Pollution and Human Rights’, in Bullard, Robert D., ed., The Quest for Environmental Justice: Human Rights and the Politics of Pollution, San Francisco, California: Sierra Club Books, 279-297.
19. Camacho, David E. (1998) Environmental Injustices, Political Struggles: Race, Class and the Environment, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
20. Chinn, Lily N. (1999) ‘Can the Market be Fair and Efficient? An Environmental Justice Critique of Emissions Trading’, Ecology Law Quarterly26(1): 80-125.
21. Churchill, Ward and Winona LaDuke (1986) ‘Native America: The Political Economy of Radioactive Colonialism’, Insurgent Sociologist13: 51-68.
22. Cole, Luke W. (1992) ‘Empowerment as the Key to Environmental Protection: The Need for Environmental Poverty Law’, Ecology Law Quarterly19(4): 619-683.
23. Dixon, K.A. (2003) ‘Reclaiming Brownfields: From Corporate Liability to Community Asset’, in James K. Boyce and Barry G. Shelley, eds., Natural Assets: Democratizing Environmental Ownership, Washington, DC: Island Press, 57-76.
24. Environmental Health Coalition (1998) Toxic Turnaround: A Step-by-Step Guide to Reducing Pollution for Local Governments, San Diego, CA: Environmental Health Coalition.
25. Executive Order 12898 (1994) Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-income Populations, 12 February, 1994.
26. Foreman Christopher H Jr. (1998) The Promise and Peril of Environmental Justice, Washington DC: Brookings Institution.
27. Guana, Eileen (1998) ‘The Environmental Justice Misfit: Public Participation and the Paradigm Paradox’, Stanford Environmental Law Journal17(1): 3-72.
28. Hamilton, James T. (1995) ‘Testing for Environmental Racism: Prejudice, Profits, Political Power?’ Journal of Policy Analysis and Management14(1): 107-132.
29. Hegner, Richard E. (2000) The Asthma Epidemic: Prospects for Controlling an Escalating Public Health Crisis, Washington DC: National Health Policy Forum, George Washington University.
30. Hynes, Patricia (2003) ‘The Chelsea River: Democratizing Access to Nature in a World of Cities’, in James K. Boyce and Barry G. Shelley, eds., Natural Assets: Democratizing Environmental Ownership, Washington DC: Island Press.
31. Institute of Medicine (1999) Toward Environmental Justice: Research, Education and Health Policy Needs, Washington DC: National Academy Press.
32. Lester, James P., David W. Allen and Kelly M. Hill (2000) Environmental Injustice in the United States: Myths and Realities, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
33. Mann, Eric (1996) A New Vision for Urban Transportation: The Bus Riders Union Makes History at the Intersection of Mass Transit, Civil Rights and the Environment, Los Angeles, CA: Labor/Community Strategies Center.
34. Martin, Hugo (2001a) ‘Proposed South Gate Power Plant Faces Fierce Opposition’, Los Angeles Times, 10 January, 2001.
35. Martin, Hugo (2001b) ‘Firm Drops Plan for South Gate Generator’, Los Angeles Times, 9 March, 2001.
36. Medoff, Peter and Holly Sklar (1994) Streets of Hope: The Fall and Rise of an Urban Neighbourhood, Boston, MA: South End Press.
37. Morello-Frosch, Rachel (1997) ‘Environmental Justice and California’s “Riskscape”: The Distribution of Air Toxics and Associated Cancer and Non-cancer Risks among Diverse Communities’, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Carolina, Berkeley.
38. Morello-Frosch, Rachel, Manuel Pastor and Jim Sadd (2001) ‘Environmental Justice and Southern California’s “Riskscape”: The Distribution of Air Toxics Exposures and Health Risks among Diverse Communities’, Urban Affairs Review36(4): 551-578.
39. Morello-Frosch, Rachel A., T.J. Woodruff, D.A. Axelrad and J.C. Caldwell (2000) ‘Air Toxics and Health Risks in California: The Public Health Implications of Outdoor Concentrations’, Risk Analysis20(2): 273-291.
40. Oliver, Melvin L. and Thomas M. Shapiro (1995) Black Wealth, White Wealth: A New Perspective on Racial Inequality, New York, NY: Routledge.
41. O’Rourke, Dara and Gregg Macey (2003) ‘Community Environmental Policing: Assessing New Strategies of Public Participation in Environmental Regulation’, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management22(3): 383-414.
42. Pastor, Manuel Jr. (2001a) ‘Common Ground at Ground Zero? The New Economy and the New Organizing in Los Angeles’, Antipode33(2): 260-289.
43. Pastor, Manuel Jr. (2001b) ‘Geography and Opportunity’, in Neil Smelser, William Julius Wilson, Faith Mitchell, eds., America Becoming: Racial Trends and Their Consequences, Volume 1, Washington DC: National Academy Press.
44. Pastor, Manuel Jr., James Sadd and John Hipp (2001) ‘Which Came First? Toxic Facilities, Minority Move-in and Environmental Justice’, Urban Affairs Review23(1): 1-21.
45. Pastor, Manuel Jr., James Sadd and Rachel Morello-Frosch (2002) ‘Who’s Minding the Kids? Toxic Air, Public Schools and Environmental Justice in Los Angeles’, Social Science Quarterly83(1): 263-280.
46. Pastor, Manuel Jr., James Sadd and Rachel Morello-Frosch (2004) ‘Reading, Writing and Toxics: Children’s Health, Academic Performance and Environmental Justice in Los Angeles’, Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy22: 271-290.
47. Pastor, Manuel Jr., James Sadd and Rachel Morello-Frosch (2005) ‘The Air is Always Cleaner on the Other Side: Race, Space and Air Toxics Exposures in California’, Journal of Urban Affairs27(2): 127-148.
48. Pinderhughes, Raquel (2003) ‘Poverty and the Environment: The Urban Agriculture Connection’, in James K. Boyce and Barry G. Shelley, eds., Natural Assets: Democratizing Environmental Ownership, Washington DC: Island Press.
49. Pulido, Laura (2000) ‘Rethinking Environmental Racism: White Privilege and Urban Development in Southern California’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers90(1): 12-41.
50. Rosenbaum, A., D.A. Axelrad, T.J. Woodruff, Y. Wei, M.P. Ligocki and J.P. Cohen (1999) ‘National Estimates of Outdoor Air Toxics Concentrations’, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association49: 1138-1152.
51. Rosenbaum, A., M. Ligocki and Y. Wei (2000) Modeling Cumulative Outdoor Concentrations of Hazardous Air Pollutants: Revised Final Report, Systems Applications International, Inc.http://www.epa.gov/CumulativeExposure/resource/resource.htm.
52. Sadd, James L., Manuel, Pastor Jr, Joel T. Boer and Lori D. Snyder (1999) ‘Every Breath You Take …: The Demographics of Toxic Air Releases in Southern California’, Economic Development Quarterly 13(2): 107-123.
53. Sandweiss, Stephen (1998) ‘The Social Construction of Environmental Justice’, in David E. Camacho, ed., Environmental Injustices, Political Struggles: Race, Class and the Environment, Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
54. Schettler, Ted, Jill Stein, Fay Reich and Maria Valenti (2001) In Harm’s Way: Toxic Threats to Child Development, Boston, MA: Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility.http://www.igc.org/psr.
55. Squires, Gregory D (1992) From Redlining to Reinvestment: Community Responses to Urban Disinvestment, Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
56. Turner, Margery Austin and Felicity Skidmore (1999) Mortgage Lending Discrimination: A Review of Existing Evidence, Washington DC: Urban Institute.
57. United Church of Christ (UCC), Commission for Racial Justice (1987) Toxic Wastes and Race in the United States: A National Report on the Racial and Socio-economic Characteristics of Communities with Hazardous Waste Sites, New York: Public Data Access, Inc.
58. United States Environmental Protection Agency (1996) Environmental Justice, Urban Revitalization and Brownfields: The Search for Authentic Signs of Hope, Washington DC: US EPA.http://www.epa.gov/swerosps/bf/nejachtm.htm.
59. United States Environmental Protection Agency (1998) Cumulative Exposure Project, Washington DC: US EPA.http://www.epa.gov/CumulativeExposure.
60. United States Environmental Protection Agency (1999) Brownfields Title VI Case Studies: Summary Report, Washington DC: US EPA.http://www.epa.gov/brownfields.
61. United States General Accounting Office (1983) Siting of Hazardous Waste Landfills and their Correlation with Racial and Economic Status of Surrounding Communities, Washington DC: US GAO.
62. Urban Habitat Programme (1998) What If We Shared? Finding’s from Myron Orfield’s San Francisco Bay Area Metropolitics: A Regional Agenda for Community and Stability, San Francisco, CA: Urban Habitat Programme.
63. Watson, Greg (2003) ‘Can Natural Assets Help Address Urban Poverty?’ in James K. Boyce and Barry G. Shelley, eds., Natural Assets: Democratizing Environmental Ownership, Washington DC: Island Press.
64. Wilson, William Julius (1996) When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.