‘a grand informal durbar’: Henry irving and the coronation of edward vii

Journal of Victorian Culture

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 257-291

  Tetens, Kristan ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 85014303420     PISSN: 13555502     EISSN: 17500133     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3366/jvc.2003.8.2.257     Document Type: Article

References (113)

1. Burton, Antoinette. 1998. At the Heart of the Empire:Indians and the Colonial Encounter in Late-Victorian Britain 1Berkeley:University of California Press.
2. Stoker, Bram. 1906. Personal Reminiscences of Henry Irving Vol. 2, 342London:William Heinemann.
3. Said, Edward W., 1994. Culture and Imperialism xiiiNew York:Vintage.
4. Said, Culture and Imperialism, xxii.
5. Bratton, J.S., ed. 1991. Acts of Supremacy:The British Empire and the Stage 1790–1930 Manchester:Manchester University Press. See especially the essays collected in and John M. MacKenzie, ed., Imperialism and Popular Culture (Manchester:Manchester University Press, 1986). A number of other works provide transnational and transhistorical perspectives on empire and performance. The essays in J. Ellen Gainor, ed., Imperialism and Theatre:Essays on World Theatre, Drama and Performance (London and New York:Routledge, 1995) consider theatrical performance as a site of political engagement for both colonisers and colonised. The ways that ideology and power are inscribed in dramatic texts are surveyed in Sue-Ellen Case and Janelle Reinelt, eds, The Performance of Power:Theatrical Discourse and Politics (Iowa City:University of Iowa Press, 1991). The contributors to Bonnie Marranca and Gautam Dasgupta, eds, Interculturalism and Performance:Writings from PAJ (New York:PAJ Publications, 1991), map new fields of performance theory and cultural exchange drawing on the social sciences.
6. Baker's, Michael. 1978. The Rise of the Victorian Actor London:Croom Helm. is a particularly valuable contribution in this line of investigation. Michael Sanderson takes a longer perspective in From Irving to Olivier:A Social History of the Acting Profession in England, 1880–1983 (London:Athlone, 1984). George Rowell, in Theatre in the Age of Irving (Oxford:Basil Blackwell, 1981) situates the actor-manager's contribution to the profession in the wider context of Victorian theatrical management.
7. Geertz, Clifford. 1973. “ ‘Thick Description:Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture’ ”. In The Interpretation of Cultures 3–30. New York:Basic Books. This essay attempts such a description in the sense that it is a reading of a single cultural ‘text’ within a highly particularised context. The advantages and disadvantages of this method for literary and historical research are explored at length in Jerome J. McGann, The Beauty of Inflections:Literary Investigations in Historical Method and Theory (Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1985) and Robert D. Hume, Reconstructing Contexts:The Aims and Principles of Archaeo-Historicism (Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1999).
8. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1313
9. Anderson, Benedict. 1991. Imagined Communities:Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism London:Verso. This idea is most clearly formulated in revised and extended ed.
10. On Wednesday, 2 July, Tree received a number of colonial premiers on the stage of Her Majesty's Theatre following a performance of The Merry Wives of Windsor. They enjoyed a late supper with Tree and his company at tables set amid scenery depicting a glade in Windsor forest. On Saturday, 5 July, Alexander followed the final performance of Stephen Phillips' verse drama Paolo and Francesca with a reception for many of the same guests on the stage of the St James's Theatre. On Monday, 7 July, the newly knighted Wyndham hosted a dinner party in honour of the visiting dignitaries at the Hyde Park Court Hotel following a performance at his theatre of David Garrick.
11. Irving, L., 1951. Henry Irving:The Actor and His World 644London:Faber & Faber.
12. The reception in honour of the coronation of Edward VII was not the first time Irving had lent his name and theatre to a special royal occasion. On 25 June 1897, more than 2,000 colonial troops in London to celebrate Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee marched in colourful formation from their quarters in Chelsea Barracks to the Lyceum to see a matinee double bill of Waterloo and The Bells. A one-act play by Arthur Conan Doyle set in 1881, Waterloo chronicles the final hours of Corporal Gregory Brewster, the heroic last survivor of a British regiment that fought Napoleon's troops at the battle. In Leopold Lewis' psychological drama The Bells, Irving portrayed Mathias, an Alsatian burgomaster who murders a Jewish traveller for his money and then succumbs to a guilt-stricken conscience. Waterloo and The Bells were mainstays of Irving's repertory and were regularly played together during the summer of 1902. W.D. King explores the relation of Doyle's play to British nationalism and imperial fervour in Henry Irving's Waterloo (Berkeley:University of California Press, 1993).
13. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 438, 521.
14. Letter to Lady Juliet Pollock, quoted in L. Irving, Henry Irving, 521.
15. Twice Irving answered the call to perform before Queen Victoria. In April 1889, he presented The Bells and the trial scene from The Merchant of Venice in a Sandringham drawing room; in March 1893 he appeared as the venerable English saint in Tennyson's Becket in the Waterloo Chamber of Windsor Castle. Irving also lent his presence to a prodigious number of public events with patriotic overtones. Two notable occasions involved readings from Becket. The first, on 31 May 1897, occurred in the Chapter House of Canterbury Cathedral, very near the actual spot where the archbishop was martyred. The second took place in Winchester on 17 September 1901 during celebrations marking the King Alfred millenary.
16. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 2243
17. Cain, Peter J., and Hopkins, Anthony G., 1993. British Imperialism:Innovation and Expansion, 1688–1914 London:Longman. Authoritative accounts of this period include Richard Shannon, The Crisis of Imperialism (London:Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, 1974); A.P. Thornton, The Imperial Idea and Its Enemies:A Study in British Power, second ed. (London:Macmillan, 1985); and M. Beloff, Imperial Sunset 1897–1921 (New York:Knopf, 1970).
18. Richard Harding Davis, ‘England's Tragedy’, Collier's Weekly, 5 July 1902, 15.
19. The Illustrated London News, 21 June 1902, 90.
20. Sir Thomas Wemyss Reid, ‘Last Month:The King’, The Nineteenth Century and After July 1902, 153.
21. Grenfell, Francis. Wallace. Memoirs of Field-Marshall Lord Grenfell 166London:Hodder & Stoughton. n.d.
22. Reid, 155.
23. The Era, 5 July 1902, 10.
24. Alan Hughes has convincingly dismissed the persistent myth that Irving was bankrupt in 1899 while noting the gradual ebbing away of his resources between 1900 and 1905. See ‘Henry Irving's Finances:The Lyceum Accounts, 1878–1899’, Nineteenth Century Theatre Research 1.2 (Autumn 1973):79–87.
25. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 642. Stoker devotes an entire chapter to the Lyceum's finances and the ill-fated Lyceum Theatre Company (Personal Reminiscences, vol. 2, 304–20).
26. Terry, Ellen. 1908. The Story of My Life 303–324. London:Hutchinson & Company.
27. Letter from Arthur Ellis, Lord Chamberlain's Office, St James's Palace, to Sir Henry Irving, 6 May 1902, in the Laurence Irving Collection, Theatre Museum, London. Irving's enquiry had been made on 2 May.
28. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 644.
29. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 645.
30. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 644.
31. An invitation to the reception addressed to Stoker, Stoker's wife, and Stoker's brother Thornley survives in the Bram Stoker Collection, Shakespeare Centre Library, Stratford-upon-Avon (box 6, item 249).
32. W.A. Baillie Hamilton, ‘Forty-Four Years at the Colonial Office’, The Nineteenth Century and After, April 1909, 608.
33. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 644.
34. See ‘Coronation Entertainment Expenses’ in Heather T. Coughlan, The Role of the Council of India, 1898–1910, diss., Duke University, 1970, 119–44.
35. Brereton, Austin. 1908. The Life of Henry Irving London:Longmans, Green. In his account of the reception, Laurence Irving repeats an error made by by stating that the gala performance featured Waterloo and The Bells. Newspaper reports and accounts of the reception in contemporary periodicals make it clear that Faust was performed.
36. W.G. Wills, Faust, prologue. Irving's promptbook for the production is held by the John Rylands Library, Manchester University.
37. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1175–84. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 470. Irving played the role of Mephistopheles nearly 800 times between 1885 and 1902, a number exceeded only by his appearances as Mathias in The Bells, which occurred over a much longer period of time. Although the original production of Faust cost £15,402, it generated a phenomenal £250,000 in box office revenue, including performances in London, the English provinces, and the United States. The sets of Faust were among those lost in the disastrous 1898 warehouse fire; they were recreated for the 1902 season. See and Hughes, ‘Henry Irving's Finances’, 82.
38. Richards, Jeffrey, ed. 1994. Sir Henry Irving:Theatre, Culture and Society 125–8. Keele, Staffordshire:Ryburn Publishing. The description is Irving's:at the beginning of his third American tour in 1887, he explained his conception of the role in an article that appeared in the New York magazine The Epoch. This article is reprinted in
39. Hatton, Joseph. 1886. The Lyceum Faust London:J.S. Virtue & Co. Michael R. Booth reconstructs Irving's Faust in Victorian Spectacular Theatre, 1850–1910 (London:Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981), 93–126. Additional insight into the staging of the play is provided by which was sold for a shilling in the theatre and on tour as a souvenir.
40. The Saturday Review, 3 May 1902, 556.
41. The Times, 28 April 1902, 12.
42. The Times, 28 April 1902, 12.
43. The Era, 5 July 1902, 13.
44. The New York Times, 6 July 1902, 4.
45. Punch, 9 July 1902, 2.
46. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1335–6.
47. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1336
48. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1336
49. Daily Telegraph, 4 July 1902, 10.
50. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 645.
51. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1337
52. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1337 The American president William McKinley had been assassinated the year before. An attempt on the Prince of Wales' life had been made at a Brussels train station in 1900 by a sixteen-year-old self-proclaimed anarchist with pro-Boer sympathies. Political assassinations still fresh in the public's memory included King Umberto of Italy (1900), the Empress Elizabeth of Austria-Hungary (1898), Premier Antonio Canovas del Castillo of Spain (1897), and President Sadi Carnot of France (1894).
53. Daily Telegraph, 4 July 1902, 10.
54. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 645.
55. Pall Mall Gazette, 4 July 1902, 8.
56. Stoker, vol. 1, 340. Stoker provides the names of only a few of the foreign guests invited to the reception. In The Lyceum Theatre and Henry Irving (London:Lawrence & Bullen, 1903), Brereton reprints the list that appeared in the Daily Telegraph on 4 July 1902. A longer list appeared in The Times on 4 July 1902. The most comprehensive list is found in The Era, 5 July 1902; it includes the names of 413 invited guests.
57. The New York Times, 4 July 1902, 7.
58. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, diary, 3 July 1902, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin.
59. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1339
60. Daily Telegraph, 4 July 1902, 10.
61. Punch, 9 July 1902, 2.
62. Daily Telegraph, 4 July 1902, 10.
63. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1338
64. Daily Telegraph, 4 July 1902, 10.
65. Punch, 9 July 1902, 2.
66. The Era, 5 July 1902, 13.
67. The Times, 4 July 1902, 8.
68. Buckland, C.E., 1906. Dictionary of Indian Biography London:Swan Sonnenschein & Co. Biographical information in this section has been collected from a number of sources, including the Dictionary of National Biography; The India List and India Office List for 1902 (London:Harrison and Sons, 1902); John F. Riddick, Who Was Who in British India (Westport, Connecticut:Greenwood Press, 1998); and Sir Roper Lethbridge, The Golden Book of India:A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled or Decorated, of the Indian Empire (London:S. Low, Marston & Co., 1900).
69. Kendle, John Edward. 1967. The Colonial and Imperial Conferences, 1887–1911:A Study in Imperial Organisation London:Longmans, Green. For an analysis of the Colonial Conference of 1902 and Chamberlain's ultimately futile desire for a ‘closer union’ see The second meeting of the conference occurred on Friday, 4 July, the day after the Lyceum reception.
70. Irving's brief foray into the world of commerce is described by Laurence Irving in ‘Clerical Histrionical’, the third chapter of Henry Irving:The Actor and His World:49–67.
71. Said, Edward W., 1979. Orientalism Vol. 210, 222–5. New York:Vintage Books.
72. Inden, Ronald. 1990. Imagining India Oxford:Basil Blackwell. MacKenzie's argument is set out in Orientalism:History, Theory and the Arts (Manchester and New York:Manchester University Press, 1995). For a consideration of South Asian Orientalist discourse, see Among Lyall's influential works were Sketch of the Hindustani Language (1880) and an edition of Tebrizi's Commentary on Ten Ancient Arabic Poems (1891–94). He was also a founder of the London School of Oriental Studies and a leader of the Royal Asiatic Society, two organisations that did much to institutionalise Western ‘knowledge’ of the East.
73. For a discussion of Terry's final days at the Lyceum and her career at the time of her break with Irving, see B.A. Kachur, ‘Ellen Terry's Last Shakespearean Comedy:The Merry Wives of Windsor at His Majesty's Theatre, 1902–1911’, Nineteenth Century Theatre, 20.1 (Summer 1992):5–33. Irving had agreed to let Terry perform with Tree on the condition that she appear through July at the Lyceum in matinees of Charles I and The Merchant of Venice. Tree's theatre was renamed His Majesty's Theatre at the conclusion of the 1902 season.
74. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1340–338.
75. The New York Times, 6 July 1902, 4.
76. Cannadine, David. 2001. Ornamentalism:How the British Saw Their Empire 88Oxford:Oxford University Press. Cannadine's arguments are assessed by eight historians in ‘From Orientalism to Ornamentalism:Empire and Difference in History’, a special issue of The Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 3.1 (Spring 2002).
77. Cannadine, Ornamentalism, 88, 90.
78. Cannadine, Ornamentalism, 88.
79. Letter from Lord George Hamilton to Viceroy George Curzon, 2 April 1902, in the Oriental and India Office Collection, British Library, L/P&S/7/28, number 521.
80. Coleridge, Stephen. 1913. Memories 146London:John Lane.
81. Hoffenberg, Peter H., 2001. An Empire on Display:English, Indian, and Australian Exhibitions From the Crystal Palace to the Great War Berkeley:University of California Press. The Illustrated London News, 28 June 1902, 944–6. The exhibiting of India in Britain and at various sites across continental Europe was a veritable industry during the last half of the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth. For an overview, see and the chapter on imperial display in Paul Greenhalgh, Ephemeral Vistas:The Expositions Universelles, Great Exhibitions and World's Fairs, 1851–1939 (Manchester:Manchester University Press, 1988). Jonathan Schneer describes how imperial themes were reflected in popular recreations and entertainments in London 1900:The Imperial Metropolis (New Haven:Yale University Press, 1999).
82. Pall Mall Gazette, 4 July 1902, 8.
83. James, Lawrence. 1998. Raj:The Making and Unmaking of British India New York:St Martin's Press. Queen Victoria had promised to ‘respect the rights, dignity and honour of the native princes as our own’ in an 1858 proclamation that ended the rule of the East India Company and established the crown's direct control of the subcontinent. Each prince had considerable autonomy within his own state, subject to the guidance and advice of a British political officer who ensured that the prince protected British imperial interests. Some retained their authority to tax, to imprison political opponents, and to initiate socially and economically progressive policies. Historians have noted the ambiguous position of the princes during the Raj, which was simultaneously marginal (in matters pertaining to the political administration of India) and central (in the social structure of their own states). See particularly 316–40, and Robin Jeffrey, ed., People, Princes, and Paramount Power:Society and Politics in the Indian Princely States (Delhi:Oxford University Press, 1978). By the beginning of the twentieth century, the princes' role as imperial allies was expanding. See Barbara N. Ramusack, The Princes of India in the Twilight of Empire (Columbus:Ohio State University Press, 1978), and Ian Copland, The Princes of India in the Endgame of Empire (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1997).
84. Craigie, Mrs Pearl Mary Teresa Richards, [John Oliver Hobbes, pseud.]. 1903. Imperial India:Letters from the East 15London:T. Fisher Unwin.
85. Metcalf, Thomas R., 1994. Ideologies of the Raj, The New Cambridge History of India III.4 190Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. While the princes lacked a formal constitutional role in the administration of India, they were significant allies in non-constitutional ways. For an account of the princes' participation in another ritual event honouring the British monarch—the Imperial Assemblage of 1877 at which Queen Victoria was formally proclaimed empress of India—see Bernard S. Cohn, ‘Representing Authority in Victorian India’, in Eric Hobsbawn and Terence Ranger, eds., The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1983), 165–209.
86. The Times, 5 July 1902, 8; The Illustrated London News, 12 July 1902, 52 and Supplement III. Coughlan notes that Hamilton and the Council of India considered the extravagant sum expended on the India Office affair well spent because of the event's role in ‘glorifying the King-Emperor’ at the time of his coronation (122, 140). They approved of the Lyceum reception for much the same reason.
87. Visram, Rozina. 1986. Ayahs, Lascars and Princes:Indians in Britain, 1700–1947 175London:Pluto Press. Letter from Viceroy George Curzon to Lord George Hamilton, 27 August 1902, in the Oriental and India Office Collection, British Library, Curzon Papers, MSS. Eur. F.111/161; cited in
88. Brett, Maurice V., ed. 1934. Journals and Letters of Reginald Viscount Esher, Vol. I, 1870–1903 332London:Ivor Nicholson & Watson. Letter to M.V.B., 10 June 1902, in
89. These included Gangadhar Madho Chitnavis, president of the Nagpur District Council (Central Provinces); Maharaja Sri Rao the Hon. Sir Venkatasvetachalapati Ranga Rao Bahadur, raja of Bobbili (Madras); Meherban Ganpatrao Madhavrav Vinchurkar (Bombay); the Hon. Nawab Mumtaz-ud-daula Muhammad Faiyez Ali Khan of Pahasu, Bulandshahr District (North-Western Provinces); Nawab Fateh Ali Khan of Kizilbash (Punjab); Rai Jagannath Barua Bahadur (Assam); Maung On Gaing (Burma); Lt. Col. Nawab Muhammad Aslam Khan of Peshawar (Frontier Province); Muhammad Ali Beg, Nawab Afsar-I-Jong Afsar-ud-daula Bahadur (Hyderabad); Raja Pertab Singh (Pertabgarh and Oudh); and the Hon. Asif Kadr Saiyid Wasif Ali Mirza of Murshidabad (Bengal). Attending the coronation festivities in London on the viceroy's nomination were Kunwar Sir Harnam Singh (Kapurthala) and Sir Baba Khem Singh, bedi of Kullar. In charge of these guests was John Pollen, who had served as private secretary to Ripon during the latter's viceroyalty of India. Pollen's ‘Report on the Visit of the Fifteen Indian Representative Guests to England to attend the Coronation of His Most Gracious and Imperial Majesty King Edward VII, Emperor of India’ can be found in the Oriental and India Office Collection, British Library, L/P&S/3/393, number 2646.
90. Clay, Gervas. 1968. Your Friend, Lewanika:The Life and Times of Lubosi Lewanika, Litunga of Barotseland, 1842 to 1916 126London:Chatto & Windus. Lewanika used his visit to London to seek assurances from Chamberlain that his land would not be handed over to the British South Africa Company; he was only partially reassured on this count. See Lewanika was accompanied to the Lyceum reception by Lt. Col. Colin Harding, a former administrator of North Western Rhodesia, who provides an account of the chief's visit to England in Far Bugles (London:Simpkin Marshall, 1933), 117–26.
91. Stepan, Nancy. 1982. The Idea of Race in Science:Great Britain, 1800–1960 London:Macmillan. Jeffrey Green details the experiences of some of the African guests at the coronation in Black Edwardians:Black People in Britain, 1901–1914 (London:Frank Cass, 1998), 15–41. On Victorian race theory in general, see Recent studies include Shearer West, ed., The Victorians and Race (Aldershot, England:Scolar Press, 1996), and Shompa Lahiri, Indians in Britain:Anglo-Indian Encounters, Race and Identity, 1880–1930 (London:Frank Cass, 2000).
92. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1339
93. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1339–40.
94. Cannadine, Ornamentalism, 9.
95. Godelier, Maurice. 1996. The Enigma of the Gift (L'Enigme du don Chicago:University of Chicago Press. 1999):See trans. Nora Scott ‘The act of giving seems to create simultaneously a twofold relationship between giver and receiver. A relationship of solidarity because the giver shares what he has, or what he is, with the receiver; and a relationship of superiority because the one who receives the gift and accepts it places himself in the debt of the one who has given it, thereby becoming indebted to the giver and to a certain extent becoming his “dependent”’, 12. See also Claude Lévi-Strauss, Introduction to the Work of Marcel Mauss (London:Routledge, 1987), James G. Carrier, Gifts and Commodities:Exchange and Western Capitalism since 1700 (London:Routledge, 1995), and C.A. Gregory, ‘Exchange and Reciprocity’, in Tim Ingold, ed., Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology (London:Routledge, 1994), 911–39.
96. Unfortunately, Cannadine does not provide a definition of ‘social equality’. It would be interesting to learn whether his definition of this concept has limits, perhaps based on religion. It seems unlikely, for example, that Queen Victoria or King Edward VII ever considered marrying one of their children to an Indian maharaja or other indigenous ‘social equal’.
97. Punch, 9 July 1902, 2.
98. Brereton. The Life of Henry Irving, 2303 The line is spoken by Mephistopheles in the prologue of Faust.
99. A. Stodart Walker, ‘Reminiscences of Sir Henry Irving’, Chambers's Journal, Sixth Series, 25 November 1905:n.p.
100. L. Irving, Henry Irving, 646. The invitation from Curzon, dated 21 September 1902 and sent from the Viceregal Lodge in Simla, is in the Laurence Irving Collection of the Theatre Museum, London.
101. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1342
102. The Era, 5 July 1902, 13.
103. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1337
104. Quoted in Hugh Clifford, ‘Piloting Princes’, Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine September 1902, 331. Clifford's article is an account of his years as a political officer assigned to the courts of several Malay princes. In admiring tones, Clifford calls the sultan ‘a convinced apostle of British rule’.
105. Hamilton, 605.
106. The Spectator, 21 June 1902, 944.
107. Turner, Victor. 1974. “ ‘Pilgrimages as Social Progresses’ ”. In Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors:Symbolic Action in Human Society 166–230. Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press. See Anderson, Imagined Communities, 53–6, and
108. Anderson, Imagined Communities, 54, 56.
109. The Saturday Review, 7 June 1902, 8.
110. The Times, 15 August 1902, 4.
111. Auerbach, Nina. 1987. Ellen Terry:Player in Her Time 188New York:W.W. Norton & Company. Irving had intended to provide the new monarch with additional evidence of the theatrical profession's allegiance:a ‘Coronation Address to the King’ signed by the actors, managers, and backstage staff of more than 150 theatres. Stoker collected the signatures and such a volume was indeed produced, featuring an embossed leather cover and 167 vellum leaves with watercolour borders. However, this ‘tribute of Loyalty, Respect, Devotion, and Love’ was forgotten in the confusion surrounding the king's illness and it remained in the hands of J.W. Zaehnsdorf, its binder, until 1905, when it was finally paid for by Stoker. The existence of this volume was discovered in 1998, when correspondence relating to it was found in a deed box belonging to one of Irving's sons. The volume itself is in the Royal Archives, Windsor. See John H.B. Irving, ‘Address of the Theatrical Profession to the King on His Coronation’, First Knight:Journal of the Irving Society 3 (December 1999):49–55.
112. Letter from W.H.C. [William Hutt Curzon] Wyllie to Bram Stoker, 16 October 1905, in the Bram Stoker Collection, Shakespeare Center Library, Stratford-upon-Avon, box 7, item 523.
113. Stoker. Personal Reminiscences, 1342