Assessing soil organic carbon stocks under current and potential forest cover using digital soil mapping and spatial generalisation

Ecological Indicators

Volumn 77, Issue , 2017, Pages 139-150

  Ottoy, Sam ^a   De Vos, Bruno ^b   Sindayihebura, Anicet ^a,c   Hermy, Martin ^a   Van Orshoven, Jos ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR NATURE AND FOREST INBO   (Belgium)

^c Burundi University   (Burundi)

Author keywords

Afforestation planning; Ecosystem services; Forest soil; Regional assessment; Soil organic carbon

Indexed keywords

ECOSYSTEMS; FORESTRY; GROUNDWATER; LINEAR REGRESSION; MAPPING; NEURAL NETWORKS; ORGANIC CARBON; REFORESTATION; SOIL SURVEYS; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES;

BOOSTED REGRESSION TREES; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FOREST SOILS; LEAST SQUARES SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSIONS; REGIONAL ASSESSMENT; SOIL ORGANIC CARBON; SOIL ORGANIC CARBON STOCKS;

SOILS;

AFFORESTATION; ASSESSMENT METHOD; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICE; ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE; FOREST COVER; FOREST SOIL; GROUNDWATER; HISTOSOL; LAND COVER; MAPPING METHOD; ORGANIC CARBON; SOIL CARBON; SPATIAL ANALYSIS;

BELGIUM; FLANDERS;

EID: 85013156407     PISSN: 1470160X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.02.010     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. AGIV, DHM-Vlaanderen Raster, 5 M. 2006.
2. ALBON, Digitale bodemkaart (1:20.000) van België voor het grondgebied van Vlaanderen. Databank Ondergrond Vlaanderen. Versie 2.0 (2 augustus, 2016). 2016.
3. Aertsen, W., Kint, V., Van Orshoven, J., Özkan, K., Muys, B., Comparison and ranking of different modelling techniques for prediction of site index in Mediterranean mountain forests. Ecol. Modell. 221 (2010), 1119–1130.
4. Böttcher, J., Springob, G., A carbon balance model for organic layers of acid forest soils. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 164 (2001), 399–405.
5. Baritz, R., Seufert, G., Montanarella, L., Van Ranst, E., Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe. For. Ecol. Manage. 260 (2010), 262–277, 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.025.
6. Barton, K., Package MuMIn. 2016, R Package v1.15.6.
7. Bastian, O., Haase, D., Grunewald, K., Ecosystem properties, potentials and services − The EPPS conceptual framework and an urban application example. Ecol. Indic. 21 (2012), 7–16.
8. Beale, M., Hagan, M.T., Demuth, H.B., Neural Network Toolbox, User's Guide. 2012, MATLAB.
9. Burnham, K.P., Anderson, D.R., Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information − Theoretic Approach. 2nd edition, 2002, Springer, New York.
10. Callesen, I., Liski, J., Raulund-Rasmussen, K., Olsson, M.T., Tau-Strand, L., Vesterdal, L., Westman, C.J., Soil carbon stores in Nordic well-drained forest soils-relationships with climate and texture class. Glob. Change Biol. 9 (2003), 358–370.
11. Chapman, S.J., Bell, J.S., Campbell, C.D., Hudson, G., Lilly, A., Nolan, A.J., Robertson, A.H.J., Potts, J.M., Towers, W., Comparison of soil carbon stocks in Scottish soils between 1978 and 2009. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 64 (2013), 455–465.
12. Davis, A.A., Stolt, M.H., Compton, J.E., Spatial distribution of soil carbon in Southern New England hardwood forest landscapes. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68 (2004), 895–903.
13. De Brabanter, K., Suykens, J.A.K., De Moor, B., Nonparametric regression via StatLSSVM. J. Stat. Softw. 55 (2013), 1–21.
14. De Keersmaeker, L., Rogiers, N., Lauriks, R., De Vos, B., GIS-data Uitgewerkt Voor Project VLINA C97/06 Ecosysteemvisie Bos Vlaanderen, Studie Uitgevoerd Voor Rekening Van De Vlaamse Gemeenschap Binnen Het Kader Van Het Vlaams Impulsprogramma Natuurontwikkeling in Opdracht Van De Vlaamse Minister Bevoegd Voor Natuurbehoud. 2001.
15. De Keersmaeker, L., Rogiers, N., Vandekerkhove, K., De Vos, B., Roelandt, B., Cornelis, J., De Schrijver, A., Onkelinx, T., Thomaes, A., Hermy, M., Verheyen, K., Application of the ancient forest concept to potential natural vegetation mapping in flanders, a strongly altered landscape in northern Belgium. Folia Geobot. 48 (2013), 137–162.
16. De Vos, B., Vandecasteele, B., Deckers, J., Muys, B., Capability of loss-on-ignition as a predictor of total organic carbon in non-Calcareous forest soils. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 36 (2005), 2899–2921.
17. De Vos, B., Lettens, S., Muys, B., Deckers, J.A., Walkley–Black analysis of forest soil organic carbon: recovery, limitations and uncertainty. Soil Use Manage. 23 (2007), 221–229.
18. De Vos, B., Cools, N., Ilvesniemi, H., Vesterdal, L., Vanguelova, E., Carnicelli, S., Benchmark values for forest soil carbon stocks in Europe: results from a large scale forest soil survey. Geoderma 251:-252 (2015), 33–46.
19. De Vos, B., Uncertainties of Forest Soil Carbon Stock Assessment in Flanders. 2009, KU Leuven.
20. De'ath, G., Boosted regression trees for ecological modeling and prediction. Ecology 88 (2007), 243–251.
21. Decleer, K., Wouters, J., Jacobs, S., Staes, J., Spanhove, T., Meire, P., van Diggelen, R., Mapping wetland loss and restoration potential in Flanders (Belgium): an ecosystem service perspective. Ecol. Soc., 21, 2016, 46.
22. Delvaux, C., Journée, M., Bertrand, C., The FORBIO Climate data set for climate analyses. Adv. Sci. Res. 12 (2015), 103–109.
23. Dondeyne, S., Vanierschot, L., Langohr, R., Van Ranst, E., Deckers, J., The Soil Map of the Flemish Region Converted to the 3rd Edition of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. 2014.
24. Elith, J., Leathwick, J.R., Hastie, T., A working guide to boosted regression trees. J. Anim. Ecol. 77 (2008), 802–813.
25. Estrella, R., Cattrysse, D., Van Orshoven, J., Comparison of three ideal point-based multi-criteria decision methods for afforestation planning. Forests 5 (2014), 3222–3240.
26. Estrella, R., Cattrysse, D., Van Orshoven, J., An integer programming model to determine land use trajectories for optimizing regionally integrated ecosystem services delivery. Forests, 7, 2016, 33.
27. Goldstein, J.H., Caldarone, G., Duarte, T.K., Ennaanay, D., Hannahs, N., Mendoza, G., Polasky, S., Wolny, S., Daily, G.C., Integrating ecosystem-service tradeoffs into land-use decisions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109 (2012), 7565–7570.
28. Haykin, S., Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation. 2nd edition, 1998, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
29. Hijmans, R.J., Phillips, S., Leathwick, J., Elith, J., Package ”dismo”. 2016.
30. Hobley, E.U., Wilson, B., The depth distribution of organic carbon in the soils of eastern Australia. Ecosphere 7 (2016), 1–21.
31. Hobley, E.U., Wilson, B., Wilkie, A., Gray, J., Koen, T., Drivers of soil organic carbon storage and vertical distribution in Eastern Australia. Plant Soil 390 (2015), 111–127.
32. IPCC, IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. In: Eggleston, H.S., Buendia, L., Miwa, K., Ngara, T., Tanabe, K. (Eds.), Prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, 2006, IGES, Japan.
33. IUSS Working Group WRB, World reference base for soil resources 2014, update 2015. International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106, 2015, FAO, Rome.
34. Jandl, R., Lindner, M., Vesterdal, L., Bauwens, B., Baritz, R., Hagedorn, F., Johnson, D.W., Minkkinen, K., Byrne, K.A., How strongly can forest management influence soil carbon sequestration?. Geoderma 137 (2007), 253–268.
35. Jenny, H., Factors of Soil Formation. A System of Quantitative Pedology. 1941, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
36. Jobbágy, E.G., Jackson, R.B., The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation. Ecol. Appl. 10 (2000), 423–436.
37. Kuhn, M., Building predictive models in R using the caret package. J. Stat. Softw. 28 (2008), 1–26.
38. Lal, R., Forest soils and carbon sequestration. For. Ecol. Manage. 220 (2005), 242–258.
39. Layke, C., Mapendembe, A., Brown, C., Walpole, M., Winn, J., Indicators from the global and sub-global Millennium Ecosystem Assessments: an analysis and next steps. Ecol. Indic. 17 (2012), 77–87.
40. Lettens, S., Van Orshoven, J., van Wesemael, B., De Vos, B., Muys, B., Stocks and fluxes of soil organic carbon for landscape units in Belgium derived from heterogeneous data sets for 1990 and 2000. Geoderma 127 (2005), 11–23.
41. Lettens, S., Van Orshoven, J., Perrin, D., van Wesemael, B., Muys, B., Organic carbon stocks and stock changes of forest biomass in Belgium derived from forest inventory data in a spatially explicit approach. Ann. For. Sci., 65, 2008 604–604.
42. Martin, M.P., Orton, T.G., Lacarce, E., Meersmans, J., Saby, N.P.A., Paroissien, J.B., Jolivet, C., Boulonne, L., Arrouays, D., Evaluation of modelling approaches for predicting the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon stocks at the national scale. Geoderma 223:-225 (2014), 97–107.
43. McBratney, A.B., Mendonça Santos, M.L., Minasny, B., On digital soil mapping. Geoderma 117 (2003), 3–52.
44. Meersmans, J., De Ridder, F., Canters, F., De Baets, S., Van Molle, M., A multiple regression approach to assess the spatial distribution of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) at the regional scale (Flanders, Belgium). Geoderma 143 (2008), 1–13.
45. Meersmans, J., van Wesemael, B., De Ridder, F., Dotti, M.F., De Baets, S., Van Molle, M., Changes in organic carbon distribution with depth in agricultural soils in northern Belgium, 1960–2006. Glob. Chang. Biol. 15 (2009), 2739–2750.
46. Meersmans, J., van Wesemael, B., De Ridder, F., Van Molle, M., Modelling the three-dimensional spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) at the regional scale (Flanders, Belgium). Geoderma 152 (2009), 43–52.
47. Meersmans, J., Van Weverberg, K., De Baets, S., De Ridder, F., Palmer, S.J., van Wesemael, B., Quine, T.A., Mapping mean total annual precipitation in Belgium, by investigating the scale of topographic control at the regional scale. J. Hydrol., 2016.
48. Minasny, B., McBratney, A.B., Malone, B.P., Wheeler, I., Digital mapping of soil carbon. Adv. Agron. 118 (2013), 1–47.
49. OC GIS-Vlaanderen, Digitale Versie Van De Bosreferentielaag, MVG, LIN, AMINAL, Afdeling Bos & Groen, Uitgave. 2001, 2001.
50. Ottoy, S., Beckers, V., Jacxsens, P., Hermy, M., Van Orshoven, J., Multi-level statistical soil profiles for assessing regional soil organic carbon stocks. Geoderma 253:-254 (2015), 12–20.
51. Ottoy, S., Elsen, A., Van De Vreken, P., Gobin, A., Merckx, R., Hermy, M., Van Orshoven, J., An exponential change decline function to estimate soil organic carbon stocks and their changes from topsoil measurements. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 67 (2016), 816–826.
52. Peel, M.C., Finlayson, B.L., McMahon, T.A., Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11 (2007), 1633–1644.
53. Peichl, M., Arain, M.A., Above- and belowground ecosystem biomass and carbon pools in an age-sequence of temperate pine plantation forests. Agric. For. Meteorol. 140 (2006), 51–63.
54. R Core Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 2013, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
55. Reichstein, M., Impacts of climate change on forest soil carbon: principles, factors, models, uncertainties. Freer-Smith, P.H., Broadmeadow, M.S.J., Lynch, J.M., (eds.) Forestry and Climate Change, 2007, CAB International, 127–135.
56. Roelens, J., Dondeyne, S., Van Orshoven, J., Diels, J., Extracting cross sections and water levels of vegetated ditches from LiDAR point clouds. Int. J. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinf. 53 (2016), 64–75.
57. Schulp, C.J.E., Nabuurs, G.-J., Verburg, P.H., de Waal, R.W., Effect of tree species on carbon stocks in forest floor and mineral soil and implications for soil carbon inventories. For. Ecol. Manage. 256 (2008), 482–490.
58. Six, J., Conant, R.T., Paul, E.A., Paustian, K., Stabilization mechanisms of soil organic matter: implications for C-saturation of soils. Plant Soil 241 (2002), 155–176.
59. Sleutel, S., de Neve, S., Hofman, G., Estimates of carbon stock changes in Belgian cropland. Soil Use Manage. 19 (2003), 166–171.
60. Somodi, I., Molnár, Z., Ewald, J., Towards a more transparent use of the potential natural vegetation concept − an answer to Chiarucci et al. J. Veg. Sci. 23 (2012), 590–595.
61. Staes, J., 2016. Historisch gemiddelde grondwaterstand [WWW Document]. (URL) http://ecosysteemdiensten.be/cms/nl/indicator/bl_ghg_glg (Accessed 28 September 2016).
62. Stevens, A., van Wesemael, B., Soil organic carbon dynamics at the regional scale as influenced by land use history: a case study in forest soils from southern Belgium. Soil Use Manag. 24 (2008), 69–79.
63. Suykens, J.A.K., Van Gestel, T., De Brabanter, J., De Moor, B., Vandewalle, J., Least squares support vector machines. World Sci. Singapore, 2002.
64. Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, R., Nabiollahi, K., Kerry, R., Digital mapping of soil organic carbon at multiple depths using different data mining techniques in Baneh region, Iran. Geoderma 266 (2016), 98–110.
65. Van Meerbeek, K., Van Beek, J., Bellings, L., Aertsen, W., Muys, B., Hermy, M., Quantification and prediction of biomass yield of temperate low-input high-diversity ecosystems. Bioenergy Res. 7 (2014), 1120–1130.
66. Viscarra Rossel, R.A., Behrens, T., Using data mining to model and interpret soil diffuse reflectance spectra. Geoderma 158 (2010), 46–54.
67. Vrebos, D., Staes, J., Jacobs, S., Meire, P., et al. Hoofdstuk 15 - ecosysteemdienst waterproductie. Stevens, M., (eds.) Natuurrapport – Toestand En Trend Van Ecosystemen En Ecosysteemdiensten in Vlaanderen. Technisch Rapport, 2014, Mededelingen van Het Instituut Voor Natuur- En Bosonderzoek, INBO.M. 2014.1988582, Brussel.
68. Vrebos, D., 2015. Bodembedekking [WWW Document]. (URL) http://www.ecosysteemdiensten.be/cms/indicator/bl_lc (Accessed 28 September 2016).
69. Walkley, A., Black, I., An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37 (1934), 29–38.
70. Were, K., Bui, D.T., Dick, Ø.B., Singh, B.R., A comparative assessment of support vector regression, artificial neural networks, and random forests for predicting and mapping soil organic carbon stocks across an Afromontane landscape. Ecol. Indic. 52 (2015), 394–403.
71. Wiesmeier, M., Spörlein, P., Geuß, U., Hangen, E., Haug, S., Reischl, A., Schilling, B., von Lützow, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Soil organic carbon stocks in southeast Germany (Bavaria) as affected by land use, soil type and sampling depth. Glob. Chang. Biol. 18 (2012), 2233–2245.
72. Wiesmeier, M., Prietzel, J., Barthold, F., Spörlein, P., Geuß, U., Hangen, E., Reischl, A., Schilling, B., von Lützow, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Storage and drivers of organic carbon in forest soils of southeast Germany (Bavaria) − Implications for carbon sequestration. For. Ecol. Manage. 295 (2013), 162–172.