The impact of hand, foot and mouth disease control policies in Singapore: A qualitative analysis of public perceptions

Journal of Public Health Policy

Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 271-287

  Siegel, Karen ^a,b   Cook, Alex R ^a,b,c,d   La, Hanh ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

^b NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HEALTH SYSTEM   (Singapore)

^c TAN TOCK SENG HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

^d DUKE NUS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

hand, foot and mouth disease; infectious disease policy; outbreak response; school closure

Indexed keywords

ADULT; DAY CARE; EPIDEMIC; FEMALE; HAND FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; INFANT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEWBORN; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PUBLIC OPINION; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SINGAPORE;

ADULT; CHILD DAY CARE CENTERS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FEMALE; HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE; HEALTH POLICY; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PUBLIC OPINION; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SINGAPORE;

EID: 85011886963     PISSN: 01975897     EISSN: 1745655X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1057/s41271-017-0066-z     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Podin, Y., Gias, E.L.M., Ong, F., et al. (2006). Sentinel surveillance for human enterovirus 71 in Sarawak, Malaysia: Lessons from the first 7 years. BMC Public Health 6: 180. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-180
2. Abubakar, S., Chee, H.Y., Al-Kobaisi, M.F., Xiaoshan, J., Bing Chua, K., and Lam, K.S. (1999). Identification of enterovirus 71 isolates from an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) with fatal cases of encephalomyelitis in Malaysia. Virus Research 61(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1016/S0168-1702(99)00019-2
3. WHO. (1997). 1997-Fatal Myocarditis in Malaysia-Update 4
4. Ma, E., Lam, T., Chan, K.C., Wong, C., and Chuang, S.K. (2010). Changing epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Hong Kong, 2001-2009. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 63(6): 422-426. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-786495474.59& partnerID=40& md5=d4a4a6c3cc68638bb7619a6014fd058a
5. Ooi, E.E., Phoon, M.C., Ishak, B., and Chan, S.H. (2002). Seroepidemiology of human enterovirus 71, Singapore. Emerging Infectious Diseases 8(9): 995-997. doi: 10.3201/eid0809.10.3201/eid0809.010397
6. Koh, W.M., Bogich, T., Siegel, K., Jin, J., Chong, E.Y., Tan, C.Y., Chen, M.I., and Horby, P.C.A. (2016). The epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Asia: A systematic review, and analysis. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 35: e285
7. WHO. (2011). A Guide to Clinical Management, and Public Health Response for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD
8. Wu, J.T., Cowling, B.J., Lau, E.H.Y., et al. (2010). School closure, and mitigation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Hong Kong. Emerging Infectious Diseases 16(3): 538-541. doi: 10.3201/eid1603.091216
9. Wheeler, C.C., Erhart, L.M., and Jehn, M.L. (2010). Effect of school closure on the incidence of influenza among school-age children in Arizona. Public Health Reports 125(6): 851-859. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2966666& tool=pmcentrez& render type=abstract
10. Uchida, M., Tsukahara, T., Kaneko, M., Washizuka, S., and Kawa, S. (2012). Effect of shortterm school closures on the H1N1 pandemic in Japan: A comparative case study. Infection 40(5): 549-556. doi: 10.1007/s15010-012-0304-x
11. Awofisayo, A., Ibbotson, S., Smith, G.E., Janmohamed, K., Mohamed, H., and Olowokure, B. (2013). Challenges, and lessons learned from implementing a risk-based approach to school advice, and closure during the containment phase of the 2009 influenza pandemic in the West Midlands, England. Public Health 127(7): 637-643. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.04.014
12. Garza, R.C., Basurto-Dávila, R., Ortega-Sanchez, I.R., et al. (2013). Effect of winter school breaks on influenza-like illness, Argentina, 2005-2008. Emerging Infectious Diseases 19(6): 938-944. doi: 10.3201/eid1906.120916
13. Halder, N., Kelso, J.K., and Milne, G.J. (2010). Analysis of the effectiveness of interventions used during the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic. BMC Public Health 10: 168. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-168
14. Cauchemez, S., Ferguson, N.M., Wachtel, C., et al. (2009). Closure of schools during an influenza pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 9(8): 473-481. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70176-8
15. Kelso. J.K., Halder, N., Postma, M.J., and Milne, G.J. (2013). Economic analysis of pandemic influenza mitigation strategies for five pandemic severity categories. BMC Public Health 13(1): 211. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-211
16. Milne, G.J., Halder, N., and Kelso, J.K. (2013). The cost effectiveness of pandemic influenza interventions: A pandemic severity based analysis. PLoS ONE 8(4): e61504. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061504
17. McVernon, J., Mason, K., Petrony, S., et al. (2011). Recommendations for, and compliance with social restrictions during implementation of school closures in the early phase of the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 outbreak in Melbourne, Australia. BMC Infectious Diseases 11(1): 257. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-11-257
18. Borse, R.H., Behravesh, C.B., Dumanovsky, T., et al. (2011). Closing schools in response to the 2009 pandemic influenza a H1N1 virus in New York City: Economic impact on households. Clinical Infectious Diseases 52: 168-172. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq033
19. Hens, N., Ayele, G.M., Goeyvaerts, N., et al. (2009). Estimating the impact of school closure on social mixing behaviour, and the transmission of close contact infections in eight European countries. BMC Infectious Diseases 9: 187. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-9-187
20. Chowell, G., Viboud, C., Simonsen, L., and Miller, M.A. (2011). Measuring the benefits of school closure interventions to mitigate influenza. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine 5(5): 597-599. doi: 10.1586/ers.11.60
21. Ruan, F., Yang, T., Ma, H., et al. (2011). Risk factors for hand, foot, and mouth disease, and herpangina, and the preventive effect of hand-washing. Pediatrics 127(4): e898-e904. doi: 10. 1542/peds.2010-1497
22. Park, S.K., Park, B., Ki, M., et al. (2010). Transmission of seasonal outbreak of childhood enteroviral aseptic meningitis, and hand-foot-mouth disease. Journal of Korean Medical Science 25(5): 677-683. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.5.677
23. Teasdale, E., Santer, M., Geraghty, A.W.A., Little, P., and Yardley, L. (2014). Public perceptions of non-pharmaceutical interventions for reducing transmission of respiratory infection: Systematic review, and synthesis of qualitative studies. BMC Public Health 14: 589. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-589
24. Noble, H., and Smith, J. (2015). Issues of validity, and reliability in qualitative research. Evidence Based Nursing 18(2): 34-35. doi: 10.1136/eb-2015-102054
25. Shenton, A.K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for Information 22: 63-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-618X.2000.tb00391.x
26. Guest, G., Bunce, A., and Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? Field Methods 18(1): 59-82. doi: 10.1177/1525822X05279903
27. Guest, G., MacQueen, K.M., and Namey, E.E. (2011). Introduction to applied thematic analysis. In M. Kathleen (Ed), Applied Thematic Analysis (pp. 3-20). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
28. QSR International. (2012). QSR International. NVivo. http://qsrinternational.com/
29. UNESCO International Bureau of Education (IBE). (2007). Country Profile Prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2007 Strong Foundations: Early Childhood Care, and Education; Singapore Early Childhood Care, and Education (ECCE) Programmes
30. Kim, J.L.S., and Ling, C.S. (2001). Work-family conflict of women entrepreneurs in Singapore. Women in Management Review 16(5): 204-221. doi: 10.1108/09649420110395692
31. Singapore Department of Statistics. (2015). Population Trends 2015. Dep Stat Minist Trade Ind Singapore. 3-4. http://www.singstat.gov.sg
32. Uchida, M., Kaneko, M., and Kawa, S. (2014). Role of household factors in parental attitudes to pandemic influenza-related school closure in Japan: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 14(1): 1089. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1089
33. Ang, L.W., Koh, B.K., Chan, K.P., Chua, L.T., James, L., and Goh, K.T. (2009). Epidemiology, and control of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Singapore, 2001-2007. Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore 38(2): 106-112
34. Wang, J., Cao, Z., Zeng, D.D., Wang, Q., Wang, X., and Qian, H. (2014). Epidemiological analysis, detection, and comparison of space-time patterns of Beijing hand-foot-mouth disease (2008-2012). PLoS ONE 9(3): 1-10. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092745
35. Suzuki, Y., Taya, K., Nakashima, K., et al. (2010). Risk factors for severe hand foot, and mouth disease. Pediatrics International 52(2): 203-207. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2009.02937.x
36. Mao, L.X., Wu, B., Bao, W.X., et al. (2010). Epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease, and genotype characterization of Enterovirus 71 in Jiangsu, China. Journal of Clinical Virology 49(2): 100-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.07.009