Is There a Distinct OCD Spectrum?

CNS Spectrums

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 17-26

  Hollander, Eric ^a   Benzaquen, Stephanie D ^b  

^a MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85011463310     PISSN: 10928529     EISSN: 21656509     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1092852900000651     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Kendell, RE. The Role of Diagnosis in Psychiatry. Oxford, UK: Blackwell; 1975.
2. Hollander, E, Wong, CM. Body dysmorphic disorder, pathological gambling and sexual compulsions. J Ciin Psychiatry. 1995; 56(suppl 4):7–12.
3. Hollander, E. Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993.
4. Hollander, E. Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders: an overview. Psychiatr Ann. 1993: 23: 355–358.
5. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994.
6. Thiel, A, Broocks, A, Ohlmeier, M. Obsessive-compulsive disorder among patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry. 1995: 152: 72–75.
7. Hollander, E, Wong, CM. Introduction: obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder. J Glin Psychiatry. 1995; 56(suppl 4):3–6.
8. DeCaria, CM, Hollander, E. Pathological gambling. In: Hollander, E, ed. Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993.
9. McElroy, SL, Keck, PE, Phillips, KA. Kleptomania, compulsive buying and binge eating disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1995; 56(suppl 4):14–26.
10. McElroy, SL, Keck, PE, Pope, HG, et-al. Compulsive buying: a report of 20 cases. J Clinical Psychiatry. 1994: 55: 242–248.
11. Wong, CM, Hollander, E. New dimensions in the OCD spectrum: autism, pathological gambling, and compulsive buying. Primary Psychiatry. 1996: 3: 20–38.
12. Coleman, E. Sexual compulsivity: definition, etiology, and treatment considerations. In: Coleman, E, ed. Chemical Dependency and Intimacy Dysfunction. New York: Hawarth Press; 1987.
13. Anthony, DT, Hollander, E. Sexual compulsions. In: Hollander, E, ed. Obsessive-Compulsive Related D/sorcfers. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993.
14. McElroy, SL, Hudson, JI, Opoe, HG, et-al. Kleptomania: a report of 20 cases. Am J Psychiatry. 1991; 148: 652–657.
15. Goldman, MJ. (1992). Kleptomania: an overview. Psychiatr Ann. 1992: 22: 68–71.
16. Soltys, SM. Pyromania and firesetting behaviors. Psychiatr Ann. 1992: 22: 79–83.
17. Winchel, RM. Trichotillomania: presentation and treatment. Psychiatr Ann. 1994: 22: 84–89.
18. Stein, DJ, Simeon, D, Cohen, LJ, Hollander, E. Trichotillomania and obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1995; 56(Suppl 4):28–34.
19. Favazza, AR. (1992). Repetitive self-mutilation. Psychiatr Ann. 1992: 22: 60–63.
20. McDougle, CJ, Kresch, LE, Goodman, WK, et-al. A case-controlled study of repetitive thoughts and behaviors in adults with autistic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1995: 152: 772–777.
21. Hjort, C. Asperger's syndrome: a new diagnosis in the international classification of diseases. Ugeskr Laeger. 1994; 156: 2729–2734.
22. Swedo, SE, Leonard, HL. Childhood movement disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1994; 55(suppl):32–37.
23. Swedo, SE, Leonard, HL, Rapoport, JL, et-al. A double-blind comparison of clomipramine and desipramine in the treatment of trichotillomania. N Engl J Med. 1989: 321: 491–501.
24. Wickens, JK, Kotter, R, Alexander, ME. Effects of local connectivity on striatal function: stimulation and analysis of a model. Synapse. 1995: 20: 281–298.
25. Huber, M. Clinical aspects and- therapies of dystonias. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1995: 63: 99–105.
26. Black, A. The natural history of obsessional neurosis. In: Beech, HK, ed. Obsessional States. London: Metheun Press; 1974.
27. Degonda, M, Wyss, M, Angst, J. The Zurich Study: XVIII. obsessive-compulsive disorder and syndromes in the general population. European Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1993: 243: 16–22.
28. Okasha, A, Saad, A, Khalil, AH, et-al. Phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a transcultural study. Comprehensive Psychology. 1994; 35: 191–197.
29. Pauls, DL, Alsobrook, JP, Goodman, WK, et-al. A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1995; 152: 76–84.
30. Rosenthal, RJ. (1992). Pathological gambling. Psychiatr Ann. 1992: 22: 72–78.
31. Warwick, HM. Assessment of hypochondriasis. Behav Res Ther. 1995: 33: 845–853.
32. Hollingsworth, C, Tanguay, P, Grossman, L, et-al. Longterm outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder in childhood. J Am Acad Child Adolescent Psychiatry. 1980: 19: 134–144.
33. Hollander, E, DeCaria, CM, Nitescu, A, et-al. Serotonergic function in obsessive-compulsive disorder: behavioral and neuroendocrine response to m-CPP and fenfluramine in patients and healthy volunteers. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992; 49: 21–28.
34. Hollander, E, Cohen, L, Simeon, D. Fluvoxamine treatment of body dysmorphic disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1994: 14: 75–77.
35. Baxter, LR, Phelps, ME, Mazziotta, JC, et-al. Local cerebral glucose metabolic rates in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a comparison with rates in unipolar depression and in normal controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987: 44: 211–218.
36. Baxter, LR, Schwartz, JM, Bergman, KS. Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavioral therapies for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992: 49: 681–689.
37. Schwartz, JM, Stoessel, PW, Baxter, LR, Martin, KM, Phelps, ME. Systematic changes in cerebral glucose metabolic rate after successful behavior modification treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996: 53: 109–113.
38. Hollander, E, Prohovnick, H, Stein, D. Increased cerebral blood flow during m-CPP exacerbation of obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Neuropsychiatry and Clin Neuroscience. 1995: 7: 485–490.
39. Goodman, WK, Price, LH, Delgado, PL, et-al. Specificity of serotonergic reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: comparison of fluvoxamine and desipramine. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990: 47: 577–585.
40. Flament, MF, Rapoport, JL, Berg, CL, et-al. Clomipramine treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985: 42: 977–986.
41. Hollander, E, Liebowitz, MR, Winchel, RW, Klumker, A, Klein, DF. Treatment of body dysmorphic disorder with serotonin-reuptake blockers. Am J Psychiatry. 1989; 146: 768–770.
42. Fallon, BA, Rasmussen, SA, Liebowitz, MR. Hypochondriasis. In: Hollander, E, ed. Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993.
43. Hollander, E, Liebowitz, MR, Fallon, B, et-al. Treatment of depersonalization with serotonin-reuptake blockers. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1990: 10: 200–203.
44. Gwirtsman, HE, Guze, BH, Yager, J, Gainsley, B. Fluoxetine treatment of anorexia nervosa: an open clinical trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 1990: 51: 378–382.
45. Hollander, E, Frenkel, M, DeCaria, CM, et-al. Treatment of pathological gambling with clomipramine. (letter) Am J Psychiatry. 1992: 149: 710–711.
46. Stein, DJ, Hollander, E, Anthony, DT, et-al. Serotonergic medications for sexual obsessions, sexual addictions and paraphilias. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992: 53: 267–271.
47. Hollander, E, Liebowitz, MR, DeCaria, CM. Conceptual and methodological issues in the study of obsessive-compulsive and Tourette's disorders. Psychiatr Dev. 1993: 4: 267–296.
48. Allen, AJ, Leonard, HL, Swedo, SE. Case study: a new infection-triggered, autoimmune subtype of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette's syndrome. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995: 34: 307–311.
49. Murphy, T, Fudge, M, Dalai, M, et al. D8/17 positivity in childhood-onset OCD and or TS. Poster presented at the ACNP Meeting; Puerto Rico; 1995.
50. Andreasen, NC, Bardach, J. Dysmorphophobia: symptom or disease. Am J Psychiatry. 1977: 134: 673–676.
51. Simeon, D, Hollaner, E, Stein, DJ, Cohen, L, et-al. Body dysmorphic disorder in the DSM-IV trial for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1995: 152: 1207–1209.
52. Karno, M, Golding, JM, Sorenson, SB. The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in five US communities. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1988: 45: 1094–1099.
53. Phillips, KA. Body dysmorphic disorder: the distress of imagined ugliness. Am J Psychiatry, 1991; 148: 1138–1149.
54. Hollander, E, Phillips, KA. Body image and experience disorders. In: Hollander, E, ed. Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1993.
55. Vitiello, B, DeLeon, J. Dysmorphophobia misdiagnosed as obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychosomatics. 1990: 31: 220–222.
56. Munjack, DJ. The behavioral treatment of dysmorphophobia. J Behavioral Experimental Psychiatry. 1977: 9: 53–56.
57. Rosen, JC, Reiter, J, Orosan, P. Cognitive-behavioral body image therapy tor body dysmorphic disorder. J Consul Clin Psychol. 1995: 63: 263–269.
58. Foa, EB, Steketee, G. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: Lindenmann, C, ed. Handbook of Phobia Therapy: Rapid Symptom Relief in Anxiety Disorders. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson; 1989.
59. Hollander, E., Liebowitz, MR, Winchel, R, Klumker, A, Klein, DF. Treatment of body dysmorphic disorder with serotonin reuptake blockers. Am JPsychiatr. 1989: 146: 768–770.
60. Sondheimer, A. Clomipramine treatment of delusional disorder-somatic type. J Am Acade Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1988: 27: 188–192.
61. Braddock, ZE. Dysmorphophobia in adolescence: a case report. Br J Psychiatry. 1982: 140: 199–201.
62. Jenike, MA. A case report of successful treatment of dysmorphophobia with tranylcypromine. Am J Psychiatry. 1984: 141: 1463–1464.
63. Cook, EH, Leventhal, B. Neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood and adolescence. In: Yudofsky, SC, Hales, E, eds. The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Neuropsychiatry. 2nd ed., Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press: 1992.
64. Volkmar, FR, Nelson, DS. Seizure disorders in autism. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990: 29: 127–129.
65. Smalley, SL, McCraken, J, Tanguay, P. Autism, affective disorders, and social phobia. Am J Med Genet. 1995: 60: 19–26.
66. Rumsey, JM, Rapoport, JL, Sceery, WR. Autistic children as adults: psychiatric, social and behavioral outcomes. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1985: 24: 465–473.
67. Gillberg, C, Coleman, M. The Biology of the Autistic Syndrome, 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1992.
68. Piven, J, Tsai, G, Nehme, E, et-al. Platelet serotonin: a possible marker for familial autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 1992: 21: 51–59.
69. Gordon, C, Rappaport, J, Hamburger, S, et-al. Differential response of autistic disorder to clomipramine. J Am Aca Child Adolesc Psychiatr. 1991; 30: 164.
70. Popper, CW. Disorders usually first evident in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. In: Talbot, JA., Hales, RE and Yudofsky, SC eds. Am Psychialr Testb Psychiatr. Washington DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1988.
71. Greenberg, R, Sarner, CA. Trichotillomania: symptom and syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1965: 21: 482–489.
72. Christenson, GA, Pyle, RL, Mitchell, JE. Estimated lifetime prevalence of trichotillomania in college students. J Clin Psychiatry. 1991: 52: 415–417.
73. Cohen, LJ, Stein, DJ, Simeon, D, et-al. Clinical profile, comorbidity and treatment history in 123 hair pullers: a survey study. J Clin Psychiatry. 1995: 56: 319–326.
74. Winchel, RM, Jones, JS, Stanley, B, et-al. Clinical characteristics of trichotillomania and its response to fluoxetine. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992: 53: 304–308.
75. Koran, LM, Ringold, A, Hewlett, W. Fluoxetine for trichotillomania: an open clinical trial. Psychopharmacol Bui. 1992: 28: 145–149.
76. Brumberg, J. Fasting Girls: The Emergence of Anorexia Nervosa as a Modern Disease. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press; 1988.
77. Hsu, LK, Kaye, W, Weltzin, T. Are the eating disorders related to obsessive-compulsive disorder? Int J Eating Dis. 1993: 14: 305–318.
78. Kaye, W, Weltzin, T, Hsu, LK, et-al. Patients with anorexia nervosa have elevated scores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Int J Eating Dis. 1992: 21: 57–62.
79. Crisp, AH, Lacey, JH, Crutchfield, M. Clomipramine and ‘drive’ in people with anorexia nervosa: an inpatient study. Br J Psychiatry. 1987; 150: 355–358.
80. Halmi, KA, Eckert, DA, Lariu, TJ, et-al. Anorexia nervosa: treatment efficacy of cyproheptadine and amitriptyline. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986: 43: 177–181.
81. Kaye, W, Gwirtsman, H, George, D, Ebert, M. Altered serotonin activity in anorexia nervosa after long-term weight restoration. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991: 58: 556–562.
82. Fenton, WS, McGlashan, TH. The prognostic significance of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 1986: 143: 437–441.
83. Foa, EB. Failure in treating obsessive-compulsives. Behav Res Ther. 1979: 17: 169–176.
84. Baer, L, Jenike, MA. Personality disorders in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1992: 15: 803–812.
85. Stroebel, CF, Szarek, BL. Use of clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1984: 4: 98–100
86. McDougle, CJ, Goodman, WK, Price, LH, et-al. Neuroleptic addition in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1990: 147: 652–654.
87. Hwang, MY, Martin, AM, Lindenmayer, JP, Stein, D, Hollander, E. Treatment of schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive features with serotonin-reuptake inhibitors. Am J Psychiatry. 1993: 150: 1127