Potentially pathogenic, slow-growing mycobacteria released into workplace air during the remediation of buildings

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 6-

  Rautiala, Sirpa ^a   Torvinen, Eila ^b   Torkko, Pirjo ^b,c   Suomalainen, Sini ^d   Nevalainen, Aino ^b   Kalliokoski, Pentti ^e   Katila, Marja Leena ^c  

^a FINNISH INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH   (Finland)

^b NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^c KUOPIO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^d UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^e UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

Airborne mycobacteria; Construction work; Indoor air

Indexed keywords

AGAR;

ACTINOBACTERIA; AIRBORNE INFECTION; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BUILDING INDUSTRY; CONSTRUCTION WORK; CONTROLLED STUDY; CULTURE MEDIUM; FUNGUS SPORE; INHALATION; MEMBRANE FILTER; MOULD; MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM FORTUITUM; MYCOBACTERIUM INTRACELLULARE AVIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM NONCHROMOGENICUM; MYCOBACTERIUM SCROFULACEUM; MYCOBACTERIUM TERRAE; NONHUMAN; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WORKPLACE;

EID: 85011183771     PISSN: 15459624     EISSN: 15459632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15459620490250008     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Rautiala, S., T. Reponen, A. Hyvärinen, et al.: Exposure to airborne microbes during the repair of moldy buildings. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 57:279–284 (1996).
2. Rautiala, S., T. Reponen, A. Nevalainen, T. Husman, and P. Kalliokoski: Control of exposure to airborne viable microorganisms during remediation of moldy buildings; report of three case studies. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 59:455–460 (1998).
3. Husman, T., S. Rautiala, A. Nevalainen, H. Tukiainen, and P. Kalliokoski: High occurrence of respiratory symptoms and alterations in pulmonary function among construction workers in demolition work. Eur. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 51:64 (1996).
4. Hyvärinen, A., T. Meklin, A. Vepsäläinen, and A. Nevalainen: Fungi and actinobacteria in moisture-damaged building materialsconcentrations and diversity. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 49:27–37 (2002).
5. Andersson, M.A., M. Nikulin, U. Köljalg, et al.: Bacteria, molds, and toxins in water-damaged building materials. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:387–393 (1997).
6. Iivanainen, E.K., P.J. Martikainen, P.K. Väänänen, and M.-L. Katila: Environmental factors affecting the occurrence of mycobacteria in brook waters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:398–404 (1993).
7. Iivanainen, E.K., P.J. Martikainen, M.-L. Räisänen, and M.-L. Katila: Mycobacteria in boreal coniferous forest soils. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 23:325–332 (1997).
8. von Reyn, C.F., R.D. Waddell, T. Eaton, et al.: Isolation of Mycobacterium avium complex from water in the United States, Finland, Zaire and Kenya. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:3227–3230 (1993).
9. Covert, T.C., M.R. Rodgers, A.L. Reyes, and G.N. Stelma Jr.: Occurrence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in environmental samples. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:2492–2496 (1999).
10. Murray, P.R., E.J. Baron, M.A. Pfaller, F.C. Tenover, and R.H. Yolken (eds.): Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology, 1999.
11. Falkinham, J.O., III: Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 9:177–215 (1996).
12. American Thoracic Society: Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 156:S1–S25 (1997).
13. Huttunen, K., M. Ruotsalainen, E. Iivanainen, P. Torkko, M.-L. Katila, and M.-R. Hirvonen: Inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages caused by mycobacteria isolated from moldy houses. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 8:237–244 (2000).
14. Huttunen, K., J. Jussila, M.R. Hirvonen, E. Iivanainen, and M.-L. Katila: Comparison of mycobacteria-induced cytotoxity and inflammatory responses in human and mouse cell lines. Inhal. Toxicol. 13(11):977–991 (2001).
15. Shelton, B.G., W.D. Flanders, and G.K. Morris: Mycobacterium sp. as a possible cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in machine workers. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 5:270–273 (1999).
16. Vuorio, R., M.A. Anderson, F.A. Rainey, et al.: A new rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium murale sp. nov., isolated from the indoor walls of a children’s day care centre. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 49:25–35 (1999).
17. Andersen, A.A.: New sampler for collection, sizing and enumeration of viable airborne particles. J. Bacteriol. 76:471–484 (1958).
18. Wendt, S.L., K.L. George, B.C. Parker, H. Gruft, and J.O. Falkinham, III: Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria. III. Isolation of potentially pathogenic mycobacteria from aerosols. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 122:259–263 (1980).
19. Hocking, A.D., and J.I. Pitt: Dichloran-glycerol medium for enumeration of xerophilic fungi from low moisture foods. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 39:488–492 (1989).
20. Samson, R.A., E.S. Hoekstra, J.C. Frisvad, and O. Filtenborg (eds.): Introduction toFood-Borne Fungi.Wageningen, The Netherlands: Ponsen & Looyen, 1996.
21. American Public Health Association (APHA): Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 15th ed. Washington, D.C.: APHA, 1980.
22. Katila, M.-L., J. Mattila, and E. Brander: Enhancement of growth of Mycobacterium malmoense by acid pH and pyruvate. Eur. J. Clin. Infect. Dis. 8:889–1000 (1989).
23. Katila, M.-L., and J. Mattila: Enhanced isolation of MOTTon egg media of low pH. APMIS 99:803–807 (1991).
24. Torkko, P., M. Suutari, S. Suomalainen, L. Paulin, L. Larsson, and M.-L. Katila: Separation among species of Mycobacterium terrae complex by lipid analyses: comparison with biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:499–505 (1998).
25. Wallace, R.J. Jr., Y. Zhang, B.A. Brown, et al.: Polyclonal Mycobacterium avium complex infections in patients with nodular bronchiectasis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158:1235–1244 (1998).
26. Kirschner, R.A. Jr., B.C. Parker, and J.O. Falkinham III: Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum in acid, brown-water swamps of the southeastern United States and their association with environmental variables. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 145:271–275 (1992).
27. Moore, J.S., M. Christensen, R.W. Wilson, et al.: Mycobacterial contamination of metalworking fluids: Involvement of a possible new taxon of fast-growing mycobacteria. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 61:205–213 (2000).
28. Beerwerth, W., and K. Popp: Zur epizootologischen Bedeutung der Sägemehlenstreu für das Auftreten der Schweinetuberkulose. Zbl. Vet. Med. B. 18:634–645 (1971). [In German]
29. Kleeberg, H.H., and E.E. Nel: Occurrence of environmental atypical mycobacteria in South Africa. Ann. Soc. Belge. Méd. Trop. 53:405–418 (1973).
30. Grinshpun, S.A., K. Willeke, V. Ulevicius, et al.: Effect of impaction, bounce and reaerosolization on the collection efficiency of impingers. J. Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 26:326–342 (1997).
31. Lin, X., T. Reponen, K. Willeke, Z. Wang, S.A. Grinshpun, and M. Trunov: Survival of airborne microorganisms during swirling aerosol collection. J. Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 32:184–196 (2000).