The Child Soldier in Literature or How Johnny Tremain Became Johnny Mad Dog

Restaging War in the Western World: Noncombatant Experiences, 1890-Today

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 109-127

  Rosen, David ^a  

^a FAIRLEIGH DICKINSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85011112358     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1057/9780230620124     Document Type: Chapter

References (55)

1. Phillip Aries, Centuries of Childhood: A Social History of Family Life. New York, 1962, p. 411.
2. Frank Musgrove, Youth and the Social Order. London, 1964.
3. Aries, Centuries of Childhood, pp. 202-206.
4. Aries, Centuries of Childhood, pp. 266-268.
5. Peter Gripton, The Arborfield Apprentice. Reading, 2003.
6. Herman Melville, "The March into Virginia Ending in Manassas," in Lorrie Goldensohn, ed., American War Poetry: An Anthology. New York, 2006, pp. 65-66.
7. Richard Reid, War in Pre-Colonial Eastern Africa. London, 2007, pp. 2-21.
8. Anna Freud and Dorothy Burlingame, War and Children. New York, 1943.
9. Most "child soldiers" are adolescents, who are legally defined as children. "Child Soldiers Ratification Campaign," in Human Rights Watch: Children's Rights. http://www.humanrightswatch.org/campaigns/crp/action/index.htm. Accessed 23 November 2007.
10. Sally Merry, "Human Rights Law and the Demonization of Culture (And Anthropology Along the Way)," Polar: Political and Legal Anthropology Review. 26, 1, 1999, pp. 55-77.
11. For example, Francis Deng, The Dinka of the Sudan. Prospect Heights, IL, 1972, pp. 68-73.
12. E. Adamson Hoebel, The Cheyennes. New York, 1978, p. 77.
13. A. W. Cockerill, Sons of the Brave. London, 1984.
14. John C. Dann, The Revolution Remembered. Chicago, 1980.
15. David B. Parker and Alan Freeman, "David Bailey Freeman," Cartersville Magazine. Spring, 2001. http://www.wintektx.com/freeman/whois.htm. Accessed 28 October 2007.
16. Margaret Downie Banks, "Avery Brown (1852-1904), Musician: America's Youngest Civil War Soldier," Americas Shrine to Music Newsletter. February 2001. http://www.usd.edu:80/smm/AveryBrown.html. Accessed 28 October 2007.
17. Susan Hull, Boy Soldiers of the Confederacy. Austin, TX, 1998 (1905).
18. Delacroix's painting is available on: Wikipedia. http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix. Accessed 28 October 2007.
19. Jean-Jacques Yvorel, "De Delacroix à Poulbot, l'image du gamin de Paris," RHEI: Revue d'histoire de l'enfance irrégulière. 4, 2002. http://rhei.revues.org/document52.html. Accessed 23 May 2007.
20. Margaret Mead and Martha Wolfenstein, Childhood in Contemporary Cultures. Chicago, 1955, p. 7.
21. Victor Hugo, Les Miserables. New York, 1976 (1862), p. 1028.
22. Victor Hugo, Les Miserables. New York, 1976 (1862), p. 1028.
23. Victor Hugo, Les Miserables. New York, 1976 (1862), p. 883.
24. Victor Hugo, Les Miserables. New York, 1976 (1862), p. 887.
25. Victor Hugo, Les Miserables. New York, 1976 (1862), p. 939.
26. Edna Forbes, Johnny Tremain. New York, 1980, p. 256.
27. Carol Campbell, The Powder Monkey. Shippensburg, PA, 1999.
28. Gary Paulsen, Soldier's Heart. New York, 1998.
29. Arthur Trout, Drumbeat. Shippensburg, PA, 2007.
30. Other works of fiction contain episodes in which child soldiers appear, including Chimamanda Ngozi Adichi, Halfofa Yellow Sun. New York, 2006.
31. Helon Habila, Measuring Time. New York, 2007.
32. Ahmadou Kourouma, Allah Is Not Obliged. New York, 2006.
33. Uzodinma Iweala, Beasts of No Nation. New York, 2007.
34. Delia Jarrett-Macauley, Moses, Citizen and Me. London, 2005.
35. Emmanuel Dongala, Johnny Mad Dog. New York, 2006.
36. Iweala, Beasts of No Nation, pp. 2, 8, 21, 47, 51.
37. Joseph Conrad, The Heart of Darkness. Clayton, DE, 2004, p. 37.
38. Iweala, Beasts of No Nation, p. 45.
39. Chinua Achebe, "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness," in Gregory Castle, ed., Postcolonial Discourse: An Anthology. London, 2001, pp. 209-220.
40. Caryl Phillips, "Out of Africa," The Guardian. 22 February 2003. http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,12084,900102,00.html#article_continue. Accessed 21 November 2007.
41. Jarrett-Macauley, Moses, Citizen and Me, pp. 36-37.
42. Jarrett-Macauley, Moses, Citizen and Me, pp. 58-61.
43. Jarrett-Macauley, Moses, Citizen and Me, p. 208.
44. David Rosen, Armies of the Young: Child Soldiers in War and Terrorism. New Brunswick, NJ, 2005.
45. Paul Richards, Fighting for the Rain Forest. Portsmouth, NH, 1996.
46. Dongala, Johnny Mad Dog, p. 64.
47. Patrick S. Gilmore, "When Johnny Comes Marching Home Again Hurrah, Hurrah" (1863), in Patriotic Melodies. United States Library of Congress. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.natlib.ihas.200000024/default.html. Accessed 6 December 2007.
48. George M. Cohan, "Over There" (1917), in Patriotic Music. United States Library of Congress. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.natlib.ihas.200000015/default.html. Accessed 6 December 2007.
49. Edward F. Cline, dir., Private Buckaroo, 1942; Internet Movie Data Base http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0035218/soundtrack. Accessed 6 December 2007.
50. Dalton Trumbo, Johnny Got His Gun (New York, 2007).
51. Dalton Trumbo, Johnny Got His Gun (New York, 2007), p. 145.
52. Dalton Trumbo, Johnny Got His Gun (New York, 2007), p. 2
53. Robert Baldick, The Memoires of Chateaubriand (New York, 1961), p. 105.
54. François René de Chateaubriand, Mémoires d'outre-tomb. Paris, 1951 (1841), p. 430.
55. Yvorel, "De Delacroix à Poulbot, l'image du gamin de Paris." I thank my friend and colleague Richard Rabinowitz, of the American History Workshop, for his translation of Chateaubriand